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2019年高考英語(yǔ) 糾錯(cuò)筆記系列 專題03 形容詞和副詞(含解析).doc

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2019年高考英語(yǔ) 糾錯(cuò)筆記系列 專題03 形容詞和副詞(含解析).doc

專題03 形容詞和副詞易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1 形容詞與副詞的誤用1. We dont care if a hunting dog smells _, but we really dont want him to smell _.A. well;wellB. bad;badC. well;badly D. badly;bad【錯(cuò)因分析】容易誤選 B,認(rèn)為兩個(gè) smell均為連系動(dòng)詞,后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)?!緟⒖即鸢浮?D 2. A few days later, the missing girl was found _(death) in the house.【錯(cuò)因分析】容易誤填deadly。有的學(xué)生誤以為是副詞修飾動(dòng)詞found而填deadly?!驹囶}解析】分析這個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知,形容詞dead在句中作主語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)語(yǔ),本句意為:幾天后,那個(gè)失蹤的女孩被發(fā)現(xiàn)死在那幢房子里?!緟⒖即鸢浮縟ead3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their (nature) course.【錯(cuò)因分析】容易誤填natures。有的學(xué)生認(rèn)為應(yīng)該用名詞所有格而誤填natures?!驹囶}解析】在名詞course前作定語(yǔ),要用形容詞形式natural,表示“自然的過(guò)程”?!緟⒖即鸢浮縩atural4. He told me the news in an _ voice.A. exciteB. excitedC. excitingD. excitedly【錯(cuò)因分析】容易誤填exciting。有的學(xué)生可能因?yàn)閷?duì)-ed形容詞與-ing形容詞的用法分不清而誤選C?!驹囶}解析】-ed形容詞通常說(shuō)明人,意為“(某人)感到”,根據(jù)句意應(yīng)該填excited。本句意為:他告訴我那個(gè)消息,聲音很激動(dòng)?!緟⒖即鸢浮緽5. Mary is very clever and _ worth teaching, but her brother is not. Look, he is now_ asleep in class.A. very, very B. much, veryC. well, veryD. well, fast【錯(cuò)因分析】容易誤選 A,因?yàn)樵S多學(xué)生往往將漢語(yǔ)中的“很”與英語(yǔ)中的 very等同。形容詞作定語(yǔ):1. 單個(gè)形容詞做定語(yǔ),一般放在所修飾的名詞之前,但修飾somebody, someone, something, anybody, anyone, anything, nobody, nothing等復(fù)合不定代詞的形容詞,則必須放在不定代詞之后。如:I would like something cheaper. 我想要點(diǎn)較為便宜的東西。Do you know anyone anybody famous in this field? 你認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的名人嗎?2. 有時(shí),一個(gè)名詞前出現(xiàn)有多個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ),這時(shí),它們的順序一般須根據(jù)它們與被修飾的中心詞之間關(guān)系的密切程度而定。在通常情況下,它們的順序?yàn)榇笾伦裱韵略瓌t:描繪形容詞大小(長(zhǎng)短高低)形容詞形狀形容詞年齡(新舊)形容詞顏色形容詞國(guó)籍形容詞材料形容詞用途(類別)形容詞名詞【巧學(xué)妙記】限定描繪大長(zhǎng)高形狀年齡和新老顏色國(guó)籍出材料作用類別往后靠-ed形容詞和-ing形容詞1. 以后綴ed結(jié)尾的形容詞(如ashamed, delighted, excited, frightened, interested, moved, pleased, surprised, worried等)通常用于說(shuō)明人,不用于說(shuō)明事物,即使它們所修飾的名詞是事物,那它們指的也是與該事物相關(guān)的人。如: He had a pleased smile on his face. 他臉上露出了滿意的微笑。 He told me the news in a very excited voice. 他聲音很激動(dòng)地告訴了我這個(gè)消息。 第一句中的a pleased smile 意為“滿意的微笑”,它指的是某人因感到滿意發(fā)出的微笑; 第二句中的 a very excited voice 指的是“很激動(dòng)的聲音”,即指的是某人因很激動(dòng)而發(fā)生那樣的聲音。 原則上,-ed 形容詞通常直接用于說(shuō)明人,若修飾事物,則多為 air(神態(tài)), appearance(外貌), cry(哭聲), face(表情), voice(聲音), mood(情緒), mood(等顯示某人的情感狀況的名詞。 2. 以后綴 -ing 結(jié)尾的形容詞(如delighting, exciting, frightening, interesting, moving, surprising, worrying 等)主要用于說(shuō)明事物,表示事物的性質(zhì)或特征,若用它們說(shuō)明人,則表示此人具有此性質(zhì)或特征。如: The story is very interesting. 這個(gè)故事很有趣。 The man is very interesting. 這個(gè)人很有趣。 請(qǐng)?jiān)俦容^并體會(huì)以下句子: He is frightened. 他很害怕。He is frightening. 他很嚇人。 He has a frightened look on his face. 他臉上帶有驚恐的神情副詞的用法:主要用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句,說(shuō)明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式等概念的詞。副詞在句中主要作狀語(yǔ)。填形容詞還是副詞? 動(dòng)詞后面一般都跟副詞,但不是所有動(dòng)詞后面都跟副詞,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞后面跟副詞,連系動(dòng)詞后面跟形容詞。 如:She sings beautifully. (sing是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,beautiful用來(lái)說(shuō)明唱得如何) Tom draws well.(draw是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,well用來(lái)說(shuō)明畫得如何) My teacher is young and tall.(is是系動(dòng)詞,后面跟形容詞) She looks sad. (look是連系動(dòng)詞,后面跟形容詞) 還有一些不是連系動(dòng)詞的詞,例如make和get,要根據(jù)句子的意思判斷填形容詞還是副詞。區(qū)分:He is making a kite carefully.(carefully用來(lái)修飾make這個(gè)動(dòng)詞) He made the teacher angry.(angry是指the teacher,而不是修飾make這個(gè)動(dòng)詞) The student got quiet when the teacher came in.(quiet是指the student,而不是修飾got這個(gè)動(dòng)詞) I get up early.(early修飾動(dòng)詞get up) She leaves the room quickly.(quickly修飾leave這個(gè)動(dòng)詞) Please leave the door open.(open是指the door,而不是修飾leave這個(gè)動(dòng)詞) 于是有詞組:make sb+adj. leave sb+adj. get+adj 因此,填形容詞還是副詞,首先要弄清楚句子的意思,判斷所修飾的成分是名詞/代詞還是動(dòng)詞,修飾前者的用形容詞,修飾后者的用副詞。1. Masha, a hostess on a Chinese TV program, could not forget those _ moments when she first arrived in China, _ about Chinese culture.A. embarrassing; confusingB. embarrassed;confusingC. embarrassing; confusedD. embarrassed;confused【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)(形容詞)。“那些令人尷尬的時(shí)刻”,是指物,用-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞作定語(yǔ);“他對(duì)中國(guó)文化感到困惑”,是指人,用-ed的結(jié)尾的形容詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。故選C。【答案】 C2. After ten days traveling, the couple arrived home, _.A. tired and delightedB. tired but delightedC. tiredly and delightedlyD. tiredly but delightedly【答案】B【名師點(diǎn)睛】形容詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法歸納:1. 形容詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),表示方式或伴隨,說(shuō)明謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的方式,它在句子中有時(shí)像非限制性分句 一樣,表示意義上的增補(bǔ)。其邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)。在這種情況下,其位置比較靈活,可位于句首或 句末,有時(shí)也可位于句中。 Crusoe stared at the footprint, full of fear.(= Crusoe, who was full of fear, stared at the footprint.) 克魯索兩眼盯著腳印看,滿心恐懼。 Flushed and breathless, she bounded in through the gate. 她滿臉通紅氣喘吁吁從大門口跑了進(jìn)來(lái)。 2. 形容詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)可以作原因狀語(yǔ),一般位于句首,有時(shí)也可位于句子中間。 Afraid of being scolded, for a moment, little Franz thought of playing truant.(=As he was afraid of being scolded, for a moment, little Franz thought of playing truant.) 由于害怕挨罵,小弗朗茲一時(shí)起了逃學(xué)的念頭。 Eager to improve farming conditions, they tried out this new crop on a large area.(=As they were eager to improve farming conditions, they tried out the new crop on a large area.) 由于急于改進(jìn)耕作條件,就大面積地試種了這種新莊稼。 Tom, very ill, sent for a doctor.(=As Tom was very ill, he sent for a doctor.) 因?yàn)闇凡〉煤軈柡?,派人?qǐng)醫(yī)生去了。 3. 形容詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)可以作狀語(yǔ),表示時(shí)間和條件。通常位于句首,也可位于句末。 Ripe, these apples are sweet.(=When/If these apples are ripe, they are sweet.) 熟了的時(shí)候這種蘋果很甜。 Enthusiastic, they are quite cooperative.(=When/If they are enthusiastic, they are cooperative. ) 熱心的時(shí)候他們是很合作的。 4. 形容詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)可以作讓步狀語(yǔ),常由一個(gè)形容詞或連詞or連接的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列形容詞構(gòu) 成。一般位于句首,有時(shí)也可位于句中。 Right or wrong, he always es off worst in an argument because of his inability to speak coherently.(=Whether he is right or wrong, he always es off worst because of his inability to speak coherently.) 無(wú)論有理還是無(wú)理,由于他語(yǔ)言條理欠佳總是把事情弄得最糟。 Wet or fine, he got up at six and took a walk in the park.(=Whether it was wet or fine, he got up at six and took a walk in the park.) 不管天晴還是下雨他總是六點(diǎn)起床在公園里散散步。 The two accidents, tragic, seemed natural enough. (=Though they were tragic, the two accidents seemed natural enough.) 盡管兩場(chǎng)事故損失慘重,然而是必然的。 5. 形容詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)可以作狀語(yǔ),表示結(jié)果和狀態(tài)等意義。它在句中的位置比較靈活。 For a moment she just stood there, unable to believe what had just happened. 她在那兒呆呆地站了一會(huì)兒,不敢相信剛才發(fā)生的事情。3. Indeed a lot of skillful methods are used in many advertisements to cheat consumers. Not all ads play tricks on us .A. insteadB. thoughC. stillD. anyway【答案】B易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)2 連接副詞的用法1. He was upright,loyal and highly respected. ,he was dismissed from office.【錯(cuò)因分析】易誤用But?!驹囶}解析】前后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,而空格后面有逗號(hào),故要用副詞However?!緟⒖即鸢浮縃owever 2. While migrant workers may bring about new problems to the cities, they contribute greatly to the development of them, _.A. thoughB. yetC. meanwhileD. otherwise【錯(cuò)因分析】易誤選B。由語(yǔ)境可知前后句表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,yet作連詞時(shí)可以表示“但是”,但是不位于句末?!驹囶}解析】考查副詞的用法。A. though雖然,然而;B. yet但是,仍然,尚,已經(jīng)C. meanwhile同時(shí);D. otherwise否則,在其他各方面。句意:盡管農(nóng)民工可能給城市帶來(lái)新的問(wèn)題,然而,他們對(duì)城市的發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)很大。根據(jù)句意可知C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意,可排除;根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處應(yīng)用副詞放于句末,though作副詞時(shí)表示“然而”,常放于句末且用逗號(hào)與其他成分隔開,故A項(xiàng)正確;yet表示“但是”時(shí)不放于句末,故B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選A?!緟⒖即鸢浮緼常見的連接副詞:表轉(zhuǎn)折表遞進(jìn)表結(jié)果表讓步though, yet, however(其后常用逗號(hào)), otherwise, instead等besides, moreover, stilltherefore, thusanywayWhat a terrible experience! However, youre safe nowthats the main thing. 多么可怕的經(jīng)歷啊!不過(guò)你現(xiàn)在安全了這是主要的事情!注意:instead, besides 等很多詞都是起連接作用的副詞,不能做連詞使用,因此它們所在的句子和前面的句子之間只有語(yǔ)義上的邏輯關(guān)系,而句子之間在語(yǔ)法上是獨(dú)立的,因此兩個(gè)句子之間要用句號(hào)、分號(hào)或用and連接。1. Li Ping works hard at his lessons. He didnt get the first place in the exam, _.A. thoughB. yetC. howeverD. although【答案】A【名師點(diǎn)睛】although 和though 用作連詞時(shí)可以通用,但though可用作副詞放于句尾,而although則不可以。2. Though the boy came back to life, _ he was still weak.A.butB.yetC.howeverD.so【解析】本題考查連詞詞義辨析。句意為:盡管這個(gè)男孩已經(jīng)蘇醒,但是他仍然很虛弱。but“但是”,是表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義的連詞;yet“然而”,是表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義的副詞,通常與not等連用;however“然而”, 是表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義的副詞;so“所以”,是表示因果關(guān)系的連詞。根據(jù)句意以及句首的Though可知選B。句首有Though時(shí)不能與but或however連用?!敬鸢浮緽易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)3 形容詞與副詞的比較等級(jí)1. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is _(clean) than ever.【錯(cuò)因分析】容易填clean。有的學(xué)生沒(méi)有注意到后面有than,這里要用比較級(jí)?!緟⒖即鸢浮縞leaner2. - How did you find your trip to Water Park in the summer of 2016? - I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was _ than I expected.A. even much interestingB. far more interestingC. so far interestingD. far from interesting【錯(cuò)因分析】容易誤選A。有的學(xué)生知道此題應(yīng)該用比較級(jí),想到much也可以修飾比較級(jí),故誤選A?!驹囶}解析】考查形容詞。根據(jù)后面的“than I expected”可知,此處運(yùn)用比較級(jí)more interesting,而far可以修飾比較級(jí)。故選B?!緟⒖即鸢浮緽修飾形容詞,副詞比較級(jí)的常用修飾詞有:no, a little, a bit, much, even, still, a lot, a great deal, far, by far, rather, any等。1) 只用于修飾比較級(jí)的: much,still,even 2) 既可以修飾比較級(jí)又可以修飾原級(jí)的:a little, a bit, rather 等 。 3) even修飾形容詞,副詞的比較級(jí),以加強(qiáng)比較的語(yǔ)氣和程度。 4) 在這些詞中,其中no在修飾比較級(jí)時(shí),在意義上否定兩者,表示前者在某方面不比后者強(qiáng)多少。 He is no richer than Peter. 他不比彼得富裕多少.=He is as poor as Peter. 他和彼得一樣窮。表示前者比后者強(qiáng)一點(diǎn)時(shí),通常采用a little,a bit等。 The room is a bit larger than that one.這個(gè)房間比那個(gè)稍大一點(diǎn)。 5)表示前者比后者強(qiáng)很多時(shí),通常采用much,even,still等。(still修飾形容詞,副詞的比較級(jí)時(shí),可以位于 比較級(jí)之前或之后。) He works still harder than ever. =He works harder still than ever. 他比以往更加努力學(xué)習(xí)了。 6)表示前者在某方面遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地超過(guò)對(duì)方時(shí),通常采用far,by far,a lot,a great deal等。 Matters are a lot better than ever before. 情況遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)比以往好。 7)在否定句,疑問(wèn)句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,修飾形容詞,副詞的比較級(jí),只能用any來(lái)修飾。 He cant jump any higher. 他不能跳得更高了。 Can he jump any higher? 他能跳得更高一些嗎? If you can jump any higher, I will give you a prize.如果你能跳得更高些,我就獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)你。Work harder, Jim. _you practice, _ you can understand.A. The most; the bestB. The more; the betterC. The less; the betterD. The least; the worst【答案】B【名師點(diǎn)睛】比較級(jí)的用法歸納:1)比較級(jí)的單獨(dú)運(yùn)用 Would you please speak more slowly?請(qǐng)講慢一點(diǎn),好嗎? Cant you live here a little longer?不能在這里再多住點(diǎn)時(shí)間嗎? 2)比較級(jí)+than這種句式可以表達(dá)一方超過(guò)另一方的情況,也可以表達(dá)一方不如另一方的情況。 The cars running less smoothly than it used to.這輛汽車跑得沒(méi)有過(guò)去平穩(wěn)了。 John drove much more carefully than I. 約翰開車比我小心的多。 3)“no + 比較級(jí)+ than”“都不”,是對(duì)兩者的共同否定,且側(cè)重前者。 “not + 比較級(jí)+ than” “不比更”,表示相比較的兩者情況相當(dāng)。 Josie speaks Chinese no more fluently than her brother.喬西漢語(yǔ)說(shuō)得和她弟弟一樣都不流暢。 I run not faster than you.我不比你跑得快。 4)比較級(jí) + and + 比較級(jí) 這種句式用于表示自身情況的逐漸增長(zhǎng),意為“越來(lái)越”。 The fire spread further and further with the wind blowing more and more strongly. 隨著風(fēng)越刮越大,大火蔓延得越來(lái)越遠(yuǎn)。 With time going on, we are getting on better and better with one another. 隨著時(shí)間的流逝,我們之間相處的越來(lái)越好。 5)the + 比較級(jí)the + 比較級(jí) 這種句式用來(lái)表示一方的程度隨著另一方的程度平行增長(zhǎng),意為 “越(就)越”。 The harder you work, the better youll learn.你越努力,學(xué)得越好。 The more you talk to the children, the less they will listen.你對(duì)孩子們談得越多,他們聽進(jìn)去的就越少。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)4倍數(shù)句型的用法Its said that the power plant is now _(兩倍大)as what it was.【錯(cuò)因分析】容易受漢語(yǔ)思維影響,誤填twice larger或誤填two times?!緟⒖即鸢浮?twice as large用 times 表示倍數(shù)(一般限于包括基數(shù)在內(nèi)三倍或三倍以上的數(shù)。表示兩倍的數(shù),一般用 twice )。其句式有: 1) “ times 形容詞 / 副詞的比較級(jí) than ”例如: Line AB is three times longer than line CD. 線段 AB 是(線段) CD 的三倍長(zhǎng)。 This hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 這個(gè)大廳比我們的教室大 5 倍。 2)“ times +as + 形容詞 / 副詞的原級(jí) as ”例如: This table is three times as long as that one. 這張桌子是那張桌子的三倍長(zhǎng)。 This dictionary is five times as thick as the one you borrowed from the library. 這本詞典的厚度是你從圖書館借的那本(厚度)的 5 倍。 3)“ times + the + 名詞(如: size, height, weight, length, width 等) of ”例如: The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 地球的體積是月球的 49 倍。 This river is three times the depth of that one. 這條河是那條河的三倍深。 4) “ times + more 名詞 than ”例如: He earns five times more money than he did ten years ago. 他現(xiàn)在掙的錢比十年前掙的多5 倍。 There are twice more students in our class than in theirs. 我們班的學(xué)生人數(shù)比他們班多兩倍。 5)“times +as many (或 much )名詞 as”例如: Weve produced twice as much cotton this year as ( we did ) ten years ago. 今年我們生產(chǎn)的棉花比十年前多了一倍。(漢語(yǔ)中的多一倍實(shí)際上也指兩倍一樣多。) He has got three times as many books as his sister. 他擁有的書的數(shù)量是他妹妹的3倍。 6)“times + what 從句”例如: The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago. 這條路的長(zhǎng)度是三年前的 4 倍。 The price of the meat is twice what it was last year.肉價(jià)是去年的兩倍。The house rent is expensive here. Ive got about half the space I had at home and Im paying _(3倍多)as I paying _(3倍多)as I paid at home.【解析】句意:這里的房租昂貴。這里的面積只有我在家的一半,并且我付的房租是我在家所付房租的3倍。由as可知本句用了“asas”原級(jí)比較結(jié)構(gòu)。enough 用法歸納 1. enough 可以做名詞、代詞,意思是“足夠、充分”。 作代詞可以代替可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞,在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。 Enough has been said on this subject.關(guān)于這一問(wèn)題的說(shuō)明已經(jīng)足夠了。 At the end of six months he had learned enough (enough Russian) to read articles and reports. 六個(gè)月以后,他就學(xué)到了足夠的俄文,達(dá)到了能夠閱讀用俄文寫的文章和報(bào)告的程度。 No, thanks, Ive had enough. (enough food)不,謝謝,我已經(jīng)吃飽了。 At that time the land along the Changjiang River was being very crowded; there was not enough (enough land) for the population. 那時(shí)候,長(zhǎng)江沿岸的土地上人口越來(lái)越稠密,再也容納不下那么多人了。 注意:當(dāng)enough 后的名詞前有冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞、指示代詞或其本身就是代詞 時(shí),要用介詞of。 Weve had enough of your coldness. 我們已經(jīng)受夠了你的冷漠。 Did you buy enough of them? 這種原料你買夠了嗎? 2. enough 作形容詞,意思是“足夠的、充分的”,常與for或不定式連用,可以作定語(yǔ) 或表語(yǔ)。作定語(yǔ)置 于被修飾的名詞前后均可,前置時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)enough,后置時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)被修飾詞。 I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have one.我希望每位客人都能夠有一個(gè)杯子。 Enough is enough.夠了就是夠了。 3. enough 作副詞,意思是“十分地、充分地、足夠地、充足地”,置于被修飾的形容詞 或副詞之后,常與 不定式或介詞for連用,在句子中作狀語(yǔ),表示程度。 You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. 你十分地勇敢地在會(huì)議上提出了反對(duì)的意見。 Im sorry, none of you watched carefully enough. 很遺憾,你們當(dāng)中誰(shuí)都觀察得不夠仔細(xì)。 4. enough 作感嘆詞,意思是“夠了!停止!住手!不要再繼續(xù)了!”,用以表達(dá)不耐煩或 惱怒。 Youve been practicing the violin all afternoon. Enough! 你整個(gè)下午都在練小提琴。夠了! 5. 用在“主語(yǔ) + cannot + enough”句型中 該句型形式上是否定句型,實(shí)際上表達(dá)的是肯定意義,意思 是“再也不過(guò)分;越越”enough 用作副詞。 I cant thank you enough. 我對(duì)你感激不盡。(我怎么感謝你都不算過(guò)分。)常用形容詞辨析 1. mon, ordinary, usual mon 表示“普通的,一般的,多見的”與rare“罕見的,珍稀的”相反。 Dont tell me about that! Its a mon sense.要對(duì)我講那個(gè),那都是常識(shí)。 ordinary 表示“普通的,平常的,不特殊的”與special“特殊的”相反。 Yesterday he got up earlier than usual, for it was not an ordinary day for him. 昨天他比平時(shí)起得早,因?yàn)樽蛱鞂?duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)不尋常的日子。 usual 表示“通常的,平常的”。一般指所熟悉的常用的東西或常發(fā)生的事件的性質(zhì)。 He wasnt his usual self.他失去了常態(tài)。 2. alive, living, live, lively alive 作表語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ),表示“有生命的,活的” Of these two men the former is dead, but the latter is still alive. 這二人中前者已死,但后者仍活著。 living 作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),表示“活的,健在的,現(xiàn)行的?!?His grandmother is still living at the age of 97.他奶奶已97歲,仍然健在。 live 作定語(yǔ),一般指修飾鳥或其他動(dòng)物,不修飾人,表示“活的,有生命的”; 還可表示“實(shí)況的,直播的”。如:a live show 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播 That is a live fish. 那是一條活魚。 lively 作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),表示“活潑的,有生氣的,生動(dòng)的?!?She gave us a lively description about his life in Africa.她生動(dòng)地?cái)⑹隽怂诜侵奚畹那闆r。 3. alone, lonely alone 表示“單獨(dú),獨(dú)自一個(gè)人”,不含感情色彩。 The old woman lives alone, but she doesnt feel lonely. 這位老太太自己一個(gè)人住,但她并不感到孤獨(dú)。 lonely 指人孤獨(dú),寂寞;也可指地方偏僻,荒無(wú)人煙,有濃重的感情色彩,可作表語(yǔ)或 定語(yǔ)。 That night I went to bed feeling ashamed, lonely and discouraged. 那天夜里我去睡覺(jué)時(shí),感到羞愧,寂寞和氣餒。 Antarctica is the loneliest place on the earth.南極是地球上最偏遠(yuǎn)的地區(qū)。 4. well, healthy well 表示短期的或暫時(shí)的“身體好”。 I am not feeling very well.我覺(jué)得身體不舒服。 healthy 表示較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的身體狀態(tài),意義為“健康的,身體好的。” They are healthy children.他們是健康的孩子。 5. likely, probable, possible likely 既可以說(shuō)“It is likely + that 從句”,又可以說(shuō)“sb. /sth. is likely to do sth. ” It is likely that he will be late. = He is likely to be late.他可能會(huì)遲到。 probable 常用“It is probable + that 從句”句型;表示的可能性比possible 大“極有可 能” Its probable, not only possible.這件事多半如此,不只是可能。 possible 常用“it is possible (for sb. ) to do sth. 或 “it is possible + that 從句”;表示的可 能性不大。 Its possible for him to solve the problem.他可能解決那個(gè)問(wèn)題。 注意:probable和possible都不可用人作主語(yǔ)。likely的可能性位于其他兩者中間。常用副詞辨析 1. just, just now, right now just 剛剛,剛才(多用于完成時(shí))Ive just had a talk with Tom. 我剛同湯姆談過(guò)話。 just now (= a moment ago) 剛才(用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)) I had a talk with Tom just now. 剛才我同湯姆談過(guò)話了。 right now (= right away) 就在現(xiàn)在(用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)或進(jìn)行時(shí)) Im having a talk with Tom right now. 我現(xiàn)在正在同湯姆談話。 2. ago, before, since ago 用于表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的“以前”。(常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用) I saw him three days ago. 我3天前見過(guò)他。 before 用于以過(guò)去的某時(shí)刻為起點(diǎn)的“以前”。(常用于完成時(shí)態(tài)) I said I had seen him three days before. 我說(shuō)我是3天前見到他的。 since 從那時(shí)起到現(xiàn)在。(只用于完成時(shí)) I havent seen him since then. 從那以后,我再?zèng)]見到他。 3. sometime(s), some time(s) sometime 某個(gè)時(shí)侯(用于過(guò)去時(shí)、將來(lái)時(shí)),表示過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)一個(gè)不確定的時(shí)間。 It happened sometime last month.這件事發(fā)生在上個(gè)月的某個(gè)時(shí)候。 Well go shopping together sometime next week.我們下周某個(gè)時(shí)候?qū)?huì)去購(gòu)物。 sometimes 有時(shí),時(shí)常(用于過(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)) It happens sometimes.這種事有時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生的。 He sometimes dropped in on me for a game of chess.他有時(shí)來(lái)找我下棋。 some time 一段時(shí)間,一些時(shí)候。 It took me some time to finish the work.干完這項(xiàng)工作花去了我一些時(shí)間。 They came again after some time.一段時(shí)間以后,他們又來(lái)了。 some times 幾次,若干次。 It happened some (several) times this month.這種事這個(gè)月發(fā)生了幾次了。 He failed his driving test some times.他好幾次都沒(méi)通過(guò)駕照考試。 4. fairly, rather, quite, pretty fairly 作“很,非常,相當(dāng)”講時(shí),只修飾褒義詞;它不可修飾比較級(jí)或too引起的短語(yǔ)。 The book is fairly easy for the children of ten這本書對(duì)十歲的孩子來(lái)說(shuō)難易適中。(意即“適合讀”) rather 作“很,非常,相當(dāng)”講時(shí)修飾褒義或貶義詞;還可修飾比較級(jí)或too引起的短語(yǔ)。 The book is rather easy for the book of ten.這本書對(duì)十歲的孩子來(lái)說(shuō)太容易了。(意即“不適合”) The question is rather too difficult for me.這個(gè)問(wèn)題對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)太難了。 quite “很,完全”,多修飾褒義詞和無(wú)等級(jí)之分的形容詞。 The bottle is quite empty.這瓶子完全空了。 pretty “很,非?!?,多用于口語(yǔ)。 5. too, as well, also, either too 和as well 主要用于肯定句,多用于口語(yǔ),一般放在句尾,但有時(shí)根據(jù)修飾的需要, 也可以靈活變動(dòng)位置。 If you would like to go, I will go, too. 如果你去,那我也去。 She can dance and she can sing as well.她會(huì)跳舞,也會(huì)唱歌。 also 多用于書面語(yǔ)中,一般放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前,助動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞之后,多用于肯定句中。 It would also create the conditions needed to reduce international trade restrictions. 這還會(huì)創(chuàng)造出減少國(guó)際貿(mào)易限制所需要的必要條件。 either 多用于否定句,常置于句尾。 She cant speak Chinese and her husband cant either. 她不會(huì)說(shuō)漢語(yǔ),她丈夫也不會(huì)。 6. almost, nearly 1) 兩者意思相近,都有“幾乎,差不多,將近”的意思。 almost 強(qiáng)調(diào)“差一點(diǎn),缺一點(diǎn)”。 nearly 強(qiáng)調(diào)“接近”。 從程度上講almost 相當(dāng)于very nearly,實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,兩者經(jīng)常通用。 Almost/Nearly all of my friends came to the party. 幾乎我所有的朋友都來(lái)參加聚會(huì)了。 It almost/nearly frightened me to death. 差點(diǎn)兒把我嚇?biāo)馈?2)almost 可以與表示否定意義的詞如no, no one, none, nobody, nothing, never, nowhere 等詞連用。 Almost no one believed him. 幾乎沒(méi)有人相信他。 當(dāng)修飾any或由any構(gòu)成的不定代詞時(shí),用almost。 You can find the meaning of almost any word in this dictionary. 從這本字典里你幾乎能找到任何一個(gè)詞的意思。 Almost anything will do. 幾乎什么都行。 當(dāng)與too連用時(shí),用almost。Thats almost too much.那簡(jiǎn)直太過(guò)分了。 注意: nearly 可被not 前置修飾,意為“一點(diǎn)也不,相差甚遠(yuǎn)”,但almost 不能這樣使用。 Im not nearly ready. 我一點(diǎn)兒都沒(méi)準(zhǔn)備好。 almost和nearly都可用于表示極端意義的形容詞前,但卻不能用于修飾不具有極端意 義的形容詞。 That is an almost/a nearly perfect plan. 那幾乎是完美之計(jì)。 7. already, yet, still already 通常用于肯定句中,作“已經(jīng)”講,常與完成時(shí)連用,放在句中表示某事已經(jīng) 發(fā)生;用于疑問(wèn)句中表示驚訝之意。 Weve already met before.我們以前已經(jīng)見過(guò)面。 Have you been to London already?你去過(guò)倫敦? yet 用于疑問(wèn)句,作“已經(jīng)”講;用于否定句,作“還”講。 Have you been to London yet?你去過(guò)倫敦嗎? The rain hasnt stopped yet. 雨還沒(méi)停。 still“仍然,繼續(xù)”,表示某事仍在進(jìn)行,主要用于肯定句中; 有時(shí)也用于否定句表示“但,不過(guò)”。 It is still raining now. 現(xiàn)在還在下雨。 After fifty lessons I still cant drive well. 我上了五十次課,車還是開的不太好。 8. too much, much too too much 表示“過(guò)多(much)”之意。 The students have too much homework every day. 學(xué)生們每天的家庭作業(yè)太多了。 much too 表示“太(too)”之意。 I am much too pleased to see you. 見到你,我太高興了。 1. (2018新課標(biāo)I卷完形填空)And, even if I werent 43 enough about free credits, news about our instructor was appealing enough to me. A. excitedB. worriedC. movedD. tired【答

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