人教英語八年級上冊unit1 Section A (GF-3c) 教學課件a

Section A (Grammar Focus-3c)Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 八年級英語上（八年級英語上（RJRJ） 教學課件教學課件 Key words & phrases: something，nothing，everyone，myself， yourself，someone，seem，bored，diary go out，have a good time，of course，keep a diary Key sentences: 1. Where did you go on vacation？ I went to New York City. 2. Did you go out with anyone？ Did you buy anything special? 3. How was the food？How was your vacation? Indefinite Pronouns 不定代詞不定代詞學習目標學習目標Where did you go on vacation?I went to New York City. Did you go out with anyone?No, no one was here. Everyone was on vacation.Did you buy anything special?Yes, I bought something for my father.How was the food?No, I bought nothing.Did everyone have a good time?Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.Grammar Focus1. myself (我自己我自己) ，yourself (你自己你自己)是反身代是反身代詞。表示詞。表示“某人自己某人自己”的詞叫反身代的詞叫反身代 詞。詞。見下見下表：表：myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself我自己我自己你自己你自己他自己他自己她自己她自己它自己它自己ourselvesyourselvesthemselves我們自己我們自己你們自己你們自己他們自己他們自己1) Did you buy anything for yourself? 你為你自己買什么東西了嗎你為你自己買什么東西了嗎?（做介詞賓語）（做介詞賓語）2) The old man taught himself English. 那位老人自學英語。（做動詞賓語）那位老人自學英語。（做動詞賓語）3) The thing itself is not important. 事情本身并不重要。（做同位語）事情本身并不重要。（做同位語）4) I myself visited my aunt last weekend. 上周我自己去拜訪了姑姑。上周我自己去拜訪了姑姑。(做同位語做同位語)2. How did you like it? 句型句型How . sb. like .?與與What . sb. think of .?同義，意為同義，意為“某人覺某人覺得得怎么樣？怎么樣？”。如：如： How do you like the TV show? =What do you think of the TV show? 你覺得這個電視節(jié)目怎么樣？你覺得這個電視節(jié)目怎么樣？3. Still no one seemed to be bored. seem意為意為“好像；似乎；看來好像；似乎；看來”，其，其主要用法如下：主要用法如下：seem+(to be)+adj. 如：如： The movie seems (to be) interesting. 這部電影似乎很有趣。這部電影似乎很有趣。seem to do sth. 如：如： The boy seems to know nothing about it. 這個男孩似乎對它一無所知。這個男孩似乎對它一無所知。It seems that . 如：如： It seems that Mr. Zhang is at home. 張先生好像在家。張先生好像在家。據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子。據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子。1) 這兒的衣服似乎很貴。這兒的衣服似乎很貴。 The clothes here _ very expensive.2) 他們似乎周六要去上海。他們似乎周六要去上海。 They seem _ to Shanghai on Saturday.3) 好像今天她要開車去上班。好像今天她要開車去上班。 _ shell drive to work today.seem to beto go It seems that 不定代詞：不定代詞：不指名代替任何特定名詞或形容詞不指名代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞叫作不定代詞。的代詞叫作不定代詞。常見不定代詞如下所示：常見不定代詞如下所示：some 一些一些somebody 某人某人someone 某人某人something 某事某事; 某物某物nothing 無物無物all 全體；全部全體；全部both 兩個兩個(都都)none 沒人或物沒人或物（指兩個以上）（指兩個以上）other(s) 另一個另一個（些）（些）another 另外一另外一個；又一個個；又一個much 很多很多many 很多很多Indefinite Pronouns anybody 任何任何人人anyone 任何人任何人anything 任何任何事物事物no 無無nobody 無人無人no one 無人無人neither 沒人或物沒人或物 （指兩個當中）（指兩個當中）either 任何一個任何一個（指兩個當中）（指兩個當中）each 每個每個every 每個每個everybody 每人；每人；大家；人人大家；人人everyone 每人每人everything 每一每一件事物；一切件事物；一切few 很少很少a few 一些；一些；幾個幾個little 很少很少a little 一些一些one 一個一個(人人或物或物) 但是，在但是，在Would you like some tea? 這類問句中則用這類問句中則用some, 而不用而不用any, 這是因為這是因為問話者希望得到對方肯定問話者希望得到對方肯定的答復的答復。 A: Are there any apples in the fridge? B: Yes, there are some. / No, there arent any. A: Is there any water in the bottle? B: Yes, there is some water. / No, there isnt any water. 注意：注意：1. some 和和any 既可修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，既可修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。some 多用于多用于肯定句肯定句，any則則多用于多用于否定句否定句、疑問句疑問句和和條件從句條件從句。例如：。例如：1.There are _ tables in the room, but there arent _ chairs.2. Would you like _ milk?3. Will you give me _ paper?Fill in the blanks with some or any.someanysomesome2. 由由some, any, no, every 構(gòu)成的復合不定代詞構(gòu)成的復合不定代詞作主語時，都作作主語時，都作單數(shù)單數(shù)看待，其謂語動詞用看待，其謂語動詞用第第三人稱單數(shù)形式三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如：。例如： Something is wrong with my watch. Well, everyone wants to win. Nobody knows what the future will be like. There is something for everyone at Greenwood Park.3. 除除no one 以外，其他復合不定代詞都寫成以外，其他復合不定代詞都寫成一個一個詞詞。4. 不定代詞若有定語修飾，該不定代詞若有定語修飾，該定語要置于其后定語要置于其后。例如：例如： Did anyone see something good at the cinema? For lunch, we had something very special-Malaysian yellow noodles. Do you have anything to say?Fill in the blanks with the words in the box and practice the conversation.3aLinda: Did you do _ fun on your vacation, Alice?Alice: Yes, I did. I went to Sanya.Linda: How did you like it?Alice: Well, it was my first time there, so _ was really interesting.anyonesomethinganythingeverythingnothinganythingeverythingLinda: Did you go with _?Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister.Linda: Did you go shopping?Alice: Of course! I bought _ for my parents, but _ for myself.Linda: Why didnt you buy _ for yourself?Alice: I didnt really see _ I liked.anyonesomethingnothinganythinganything3bFill in the blanks in the e-mail message with the words in the box. anything everything nothing everyone no oneDear Bill,How was your vacation? Did you do _ interesting? Did _ in the family go with you? I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family. anythingeveryone_ was great. We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs. They were so cute! The only problem was that there was _ much to do in the evening but read. Still _ seemed to be bored. Bye for now!MarkEverythingnothingno one Ask your group questions about their last vacation. Then tell the class your results.Did youEveryone SomeoneNo oneeating anything at a restaurant?read anything interesting?Visit anyone in your family?Buy anything?Keep a diary?In our group, everyone ate something at a restaurant3cWhere did go on vacation?stayed at homeWhere did go on vacation?went to Sanya/ the beachWhere did go on vacation?went shoppingWhere did go on vacation?went to a friends farmExplanation1.-Where did you go on vacation ? -I went to New York City. (1) Where did you go?是一般過去時的疑問是一般過去時的疑問 句，句，did是助動詞是助動詞. (2) went是是 go 的過去式，的過去式，實義動詞的過去式實義動詞的過去式 沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。 (3) 實義動詞一般過去式的一般疑問句以助實義動詞一般過去式的一般疑問句以助動詞動詞did開頭。如：開頭。如： -What did you do yesterday afternoon? 你昨天下午在做什么你昨天下午在做什么? -I played volleyball with my friend. 我和我的朋友一起打排球。我和我的朋友一起打排球。 - Did you have a good time? 你們玩得很高興嗎你們玩得很高興嗎? -Yes, We did.是的，很高興。是的，很高興。- Did she come to help you? 她來幫助過你嗎她來幫助過你嗎? - No, she didnt.不，她沒有。不，她沒有。一般過去時一般過去時構(gòu)成構(gòu)成用法用法動詞的過去式動詞的過去式1. 表示表示過去過去某個時間發(fā)某個時間發(fā)生的生的動作動作或存在的或存在的狀態(tài)狀態(tài)。2. 表示表示過去過去經(jīng)常經(jīng)?；蚧蚍磸头磸桶l(fā)生的動作。發(fā)生的動作。(the day before) yesterdaylast night / weekin 1990 / just nowOn Sunday morningtwo days ago一般過去時一般過去時標志詞標志詞定義定義: 1) 表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過去的常和表示過去的時間狀語時間狀語(如如yesterday, last night, in 1990, two days ago.)連用連用; 2) 表示在此之前一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常或反復發(fā)生的表示在此之前一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)?；蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作動作, 常與常與never, always等頻度副詞連用。等頻度副詞連用。一般過去時有哪些時間狀語可以用來描述過去？一般過去時常與表示過去的時間狀語或從句一般過去時常與表示過去的時間狀語或從句連用連用a）時間狀語）時間狀語 一段時間一段時間+ago（如（如two hours ago） yesterday（句子開頭或結(jié)尾）（句子開頭或結(jié)尾） the day before yesterday last week, last (year, night, month) 具體時間（如具體時間（如Jan.fourth)just now at the age ofone daylong agoonce upon a time（很久以前）（很久以前）and so onthis morninglong long ago SentencesI did my homework yesterday.I played soccer last Sunday.I cleaned my room last week.I went to the beach three years ago.I played tennis with my friends last weekend.I went to the movies three days ago.注注：“過去過去”的概念并不是只指帶有時間標的概念并不是只指帶有時間標志的詞，如志的詞，如 “yesterday, last week ” 等，等，實際上實際上“與現(xiàn)在對立的過去與現(xiàn)在對立的過去”，亦即，亦即“非現(xiàn)非現(xiàn)在的以前在的以前”，哪怕是，哪怕是“過了說話時間的幾分過了說話時間的幾分鐘之前鐘之前”，只要所要表達的時間與說話時的，只要所要表達的時間與說話時的“現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在”形成對立，就必須使用一般過去時形成對立，就必須使用一般過去時來表達。在談到已死去的人的情況時，多用來表達。在談到已死去的人的情況時，多用過去時。例如：過去時。例如： He was here only a few minutes ago.僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。I came home just now.我剛回到家。我剛回到家。 I got up very early this morning.今天早晨我起床很早。今天早晨我起床很早。He was late for school again today.今天他又遲到了。今天他又遲到了。動詞過去式動詞過去式的構(gòu)成的構(gòu)成規(guī)則動詞規(guī)則動詞regular verbs不規(guī)則動詞不規(guī)則動詞irregular verbs實義動詞的變化：實義動詞的變化： 實義動詞分實義動詞分規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化和和不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化。 1.一般情況下在動詞后加一般情況下在動詞后加-ed。 eg:playplayed visitvisited walkwalked cleancleaned 2. 以不發(fā)音的以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的詞結(jié)尾的詞,在詞尾加在詞尾加-d。 eg:notenoted likeliked dancedanced namenamed 規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化3.以以重讀閉音節(jié)重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾并且詞尾只有結(jié)尾并且詞尾只有一一個個輔輔音音字母，要先字母，要先雙寫雙寫這個輔音字母，再加這個輔音字母，再加-ed。 eg：stopstopped dropdropped planplanned 巧識閉音節(jié)巧識閉音節(jié)：音節(jié)中的音節(jié)中的元元音為音為 / e /，/ i /，/ a /，/ /，/ u: / 之外之外的音。例：的音。例：seem / sim / 開音節(jié)開音節(jié) pig / pg / 閉音節(jié)閉音節(jié)4.以以輔輔音字母加音字母加y結(jié)尾的單詞，先改結(jié)尾的單詞，先改y為為i，再，再加加-ed。 eg：studystudied carrycarried 不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化需要按一定的規(guī)律逐個記憶。需要按一定的規(guī)律逐個記憶。不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化1. be動詞動詞的變化：的變化：am iswasarewere 2. 助動詞助動詞do的變化：的變化：do did 如：如：Did you play soccer yesterday? Did he play soccer yesterday? 規(guī)則動詞過去式詞尾-ed的讀音在濁輔音和元音在濁輔音和元音后面后面 /d/ /d/ moved /mu:vd/ moved /mu:vd/ 在清輔音后面在清輔音后面/t/t/ passed /pa:st/ passed /pa:st/在在t t、d d后面后面/ /d/d/needed /needed /ni:dni:dd d/ /am, iswas areweregowent dodidhavehad comecametaketook saysaideatate seesawgetgot putputsleepslept givegavewritewrote readread動詞不規(guī)則變化/red/buybought sitsat runran makemade feelfelt hearheard growgrew telltold knowknew findfoundbeginbegan bring broughtstandstood spendspentcatchcaught teachtaughtswim swam動詞不規(guī)則變化u基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動詞的過去式；實義動詞的過去式Present Past amwas iswas arewere單數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)復數(shù)I was we wereyou were (一個人一個人) you were (不只一人不只一人)she was they werehe wasit was系動詞系動詞be的過去時的過去時 am (is) was are were陳述句：陳述句：He was at home yesterday.否定句：否定句：He wasnt at home yesterday.疑問句：疑問句：Was he at home yesterday? Yes, he was./ No, he wasnt.句子構(gòu)成句子構(gòu)成: : 肯定句：主語肯定句：主語+was (were) +表語表語. 如：如：I was late yesterday. 昨天我遲到了。昨天我遲到了。 否定句：主語否定句：主語+was (were) +not+表語表語. 如：如：We werent late yesterday. 我們昨天沒遲到我們昨天沒遲到Be動詞的一般過去時態(tài)構(gòu)成：疑問句：疑問句：Was (Were) +主語主語+表語表語? 如如: Were you ill yesterday? 你昨天病了嗎？你昨天病了嗎？ 肯定回答肯定回答: Yes, I was. 是的，我病了。是的，我病了。 否定句否定句: No, I wasnt. 不，我沒病。不，我沒病。 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+was (were) +主語主語 +表語表語? 如如: When were you born? 你是什么時候出生的？你是什么時候出生的？肯定句肯定句要使用動詞的要使用動詞的過去式過去式，否定句和疑問句否定句和疑問句要使用助動詞要使用助動詞do和和 does 的過去式的過去式 did. 肯定句肯定句: 主語主語+動詞過去式動詞過去式+賓語賓語. 如如: I went home at nine oclock yesterday. 我昨天九點鐘回家。我昨天九點鐘回家。 否定句否定句: 主語主語+didnt +動詞原形動詞原形+賓語賓語. 如：如：I didnt go home yesterday. 我昨天沒回家。我昨天沒回家。 實義動詞的一般過去時態(tài)實義動詞的一般過去時態(tài) 一般疑問句一般疑問句: Did +主語主語+動詞原形動詞原形+賓語賓語? 如：如： Did you go home yesterday? 你昨天回家了嗎？你昨天回家了嗎？肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes, I did. 是的，我回了。是的，我回了。 否定回答：否定回答：No, I didnt. 不，我沒回家。不，我沒回家。行為動詞的一般過去時行為動詞的一般過去時:陳述句：主語陳述句：主語+動詞過去式動詞過去式+其他？其他？否定句：主語否定句：主語+助動詞助動詞didnt+動詞原形動詞原形+其他？其他？I go to the movie. I went to the movie.I dont go to school today. I didnt go to school.特殊疑問句：疑問詞特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語主語+動詞原形動詞原形+其其他？他？一般疑問句：一般疑問句：Did +主語主語+動詞原形動詞原形+其他？其他？When do you visit the Great Wall?When did you visit the Great Wall?Do you have breakfast? Did you have breakfast?Yes, I do./No, I dont. Yes, I did./No, I didnt.一般過去式的構(gòu)成形式一般過去式的構(gòu)成形式肯定式肯定式疑問式疑問式否定式否定式I workedDid I workI did not workHe /she/it workedDid He /she/it workHe /she/it did not workWe workedDid we workWe did not workYou worked Did you workYou did not workthey worked Did they workThey did not workPast 過去過去Now 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在go to the moviesdo my homeworkplay tennisplay soccerclean the roomwent to the moviesdid my homeworkplayed tennisplayed soccercleaned the room動詞一般過去時，表示過去發(fā)生的事；動詞一般過去時，表示過去發(fā)生的事；bebe用用waswas或用或用werewere, have,has, have,has變變hadhad；謂語動詞過去式，過去時間作標志；謂語動詞過去式，過去時間作標志；一般動詞加一般動詞加- -eded，若是特殊得硬記。，若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡單，主語之后否定句很簡單，主語之后didndidnt t添；添；疑問句也不難，疑問句也不難，diddid放在主語前；放在主語前；如果謂語之前有如果謂語之前有diddid，謂語動詞需還原謂語動詞需還原；動詞若是動詞若是was,were,was,were,否定就把否定就把notnot添。添。記憶口訣 Did you do? Did she play? Did he clean?Was it? Exercises Did they have? Did Tom and Jack study? Did your father go? did not do did not play did not cleannot did not have did not go did not study1.get- 2.say- 3.have- 4.be- 5.tell- 6.think-7.write- 8.drive- 9.run-10.read- 11.see- 12.stand- 13.put- 14.eat- 15.buy- 16.drink- 17.sleep- e-19.play- 20.study- 21.listen- 給下面的單詞寫出過去式。gotsaidhadwas, weretoldthoughtwrotedroveranreadsawstoodputateboughtdranksleptcameplayedstudiedlistened1. We _ (live) in Japan last year.2. Jack _ (stop) the car last Sunday.3. Tom _ (clean) my room and _(study). for the Chinese test last weekend.4.What _ you _(do) last night?5.On Sunday morning I _ (play) tennis.livedstoppedcleanedstudieddiddoplayed用所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. _ you _(remember) to buy the oranges?2.Who _ (play) the computer games yesterday?3.We _(go) to the movie last night. The film _(be) very good.4.What time _ you _ (get) to school this morning?5.Jim _(do) a lot yesterday. He _(go) shopping and _ (cook) supper.Didrememberplayedwentwasdidgetdidwentcooked用所給詞的適當形式填空。PRACTICE改寫句子：改寫句子：1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）（改否定句） Lucy _ _ her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge.（變一般疑問句（變一般疑問句) _ he _ _ meat in the fridge?3、She stayed there last week.（對劃線部分提問）（對劃線部分提問） _ _ she _ there?4、There was some orange in the cup.（變一般疑問句（變一般疑問句) _ there _ orange in the cup? didnt do Did find any When did stay Was any5. She went to the beach last Sunday. (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?6.They stayed at home on vacation. (對劃線部分提問)Did she go to the beach last Sunday?Where did they stay on vacation?7. The weather was hot and humid. (變否定句)8. Nancy went to the cinema last night. (改為同義句)9. The people in New York were friendly. (對劃線部分提問)The weather wasnt hot or humid.Nancy went to see a film last night.How were the people in New York?2Target language：A：Where did you go on vacation? B：I went to New York City.A：Did you buy anything special? B：Yes，I bought something for my father.3Structure：something specialSummarySummarySummary1The vocabulary：something，nothing，everyone，someone，myself，yourself，go out，of courseReview the sentences and grammar in the period.更多更多請關(guān)注請關(guān)注“初中教師平臺初中教師平臺”公眾號公眾號初中名師聚集地，助力初中教學初中名師聚集地，助力初中教學各科最新優(yōu)質(zhì)資料陸續(xù)推送中各科最新優(yōu)質(zhì)資料陸續(xù)推送中快快告訴你身邊的小伙伴們吧快快告訴你身邊的小伙伴們吧