高考英語(yǔ)新增分大一輪復(fù)習(xí)漸進(jìn)寫作全輯StepOne第6講言簡(jiǎn)意賅的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講義牛津譯林版

第6講言簡(jiǎn)意賅的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在寫作中，如果出現(xiàn)太多的簡(jiǎn)單句，會(huì)讓人覺(jué)得單調(diào)乏味，水平不高；而如果出現(xiàn)太多 的復(fù)合句會(huì)讓人覺(jué)得讀起來(lái)費(fèi)勁。所以適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂梅侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單句和復(fù)合句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換， 不但顯得句式豐富，而且提升了文章的檔次。一、運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡(jiǎn)單句運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡(jiǎn)單句可采用“三步法”。第一步：寫出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。（1）I felt quite sorry for that.（2）I began to think about what to do to help.第二步：根據(jù)兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的意思找出兩個(gè)句子的對(duì)接點(diǎn)，讓一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句作為主句，另一個(gè)簡(jiǎn) 單句用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行改寫。讓句（2）作為主句，用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞改寫句（1）。第三步：根據(jù)主句主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系來(lái)確定用何種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。主句的主語(yǔ)是I ,與動(dòng)詞felt之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。Feeling quite sorry for that, I began to think about what to do to help.即時(shí)訓(xùn)練1用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡(jiǎn)單句1 .Consequently ,some viewers began to turn away from cinemas.It led to a slower growth. （2017 江蘇） f Consequently , some viewers began to turn away from cinemas , leading to a slower growth.2 .The exhibition will be held in the City Museum.It is located in the north of our city.（2017全全國(guó)n ） f Theexhibitionwillbeheldinthe City Museum,located in thenorthofourcity.3 .We' ll have a big feast together.We gather around the table and pray for next year' s good luck.fWe ll have a big feast together,gathering around the table and praying for next year' s good luck.、運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句相對(duì)于用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡(jiǎn)單句，轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句要簡(jiǎn)單一些，只需要兩步。因?yàn)樾枰D(zhuǎn)換 的一般是從句部分，只需根據(jù)主句的主語(yǔ)和從句動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系判斷用何種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，再確定 好時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)就可以了。第一步：寫出復(fù)合句Since you have realized that your time is limited, you' ll have to study for yourgoals without anger or hesitation.第二步：把since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，you與realize 之間為主謂關(guān)系，且表示完成，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語(yǔ)。Having realized that your time is limited , you' ll have to study for your goals without anger or hesitation.即時(shí)訓(xùn)練2 用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句1 .We can set out early so that we ' ll have more time to select books.f To have more time to select books, we can set out early.2 .John was absorbed in painting , so he didn ' t notice evening approaching.f Absorbed in painting , John didn ' t notice evening approaching.3 .When I saw a car running towards her , I reached my hand out and pulled her back.f Seeing a car running towards her,I reached my hand out and pulled her back.三、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的常用句型1. remain to be done有待于被 It remains to be seen whether this plan will benefit the students or not.這個(gè)計(jì)劃是否對(duì)學(xué)生們有好處，還需要拭目以待。2. 疑問(wèn)詞+ to doTo all of you , fresh studentshow to adapt yourself to the new environment is thefirst thing that you have to face.對(duì)你們所有新生來(lái)說(shuō)，如何使自己適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境是必5須要面對(duì)的首要問(wèn)題。做容易/困難easy to get along with3. be easy/difficult.to do.I hear that our new teacher is我聽(tīng)說(shuō)我們的新老師很容易相處。4. prefer to do.rather than do./would rather do.than do./would do.ratherthan do. 寧愿做 ,而不愿做 Nowadays some teenagers prefer to chat with strangers online rather than talk with their parents face to face.如今，一些青少年寧愿在網(wǎng)上與陌生人閑談，也不愿與父母面 對(duì)面談話。5. 連詞 when/while/once/unless/although+ doing/doneWhile visiting the art exhibition , we discussed the great artists ' works.參觀藝術(shù)展時(shí)，我們討論了偉大的藝術(shù)家的作品。（2016 天津 ）6. having done. 已經(jīng)Having spent nearly all our money , we couldn ' t afford to stay at a hotel.幾乎把所有的錢都花完了，我們沒(méi)有錢住賓館了。7. by doing.通過(guò)做Moreover , by doing the part-time job I can get some precious experience so that Ican better adapt to the development and changes of society.而且，通過(guò)做兼職工作，我能獲得一些寶貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，以便能更好地適應(yīng)社會(huì)的發(fā)展和變化。8. only to do sth. （表示出乎意料的結(jié)果）They hurried to the classroom , only to find that all the students had left.他們匆忙趕到教室，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)所有學(xué)生都離開(kāi)了。9. judging by/from. 根據(jù)判斷Judging from what he said , we could tell that he was not an honest man.根據(jù)他說(shuō)的話，我們可以判斷他不是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。10. compared with/to. 與比較There is clear evidence that children who take music lessons develop a better memory compared with children who have no musical training.有明顯的證據(jù)表明，與那些沒(méi)受過(guò)音樂(lè)訓(xùn)練的孩子相比，上音樂(lè)課的孩子有更好的記憶力。11. be said/reported/considered.to do.據(jù)說(shuō)/報(bào)道/認(rèn)為Their class is said to have been chosen to take part in the coming ceremony.據(jù)說(shuō)他們班已經(jīng)被選中參加即將到來(lái)的典禮。12. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的使用Much time spent sitting at a desk , office workers are generally troubled by health problems.坐辦公室的人花大量時(shí)間坐在桌旁，常被健康問(wèn)題所困擾。13. with +賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Our Chinese teacher came into the classroom , with some books in her hand.我們的語(yǔ)文老師進(jìn)了教室，手里拿著一些書(shū)。即時(shí)訓(xùn)練3 用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞完成句子1 .與傳統(tǒng)的相比，它們有三個(gè)新的獨(dú)特功能。Compared to/with the traditional ones , they have three new unique functions.2 .完成了她的項(xiàng)目后，她應(yīng)學(xué)校邀請(qǐng)給新生演講。 Having finished her project , she was invited by the school to speak to the new students.3 .他上課專心聽(tīng)講，眼睛緊盯著黑板。He was listeningattentivelyin class ,with his eyes fixed on the blackboard.四、在寫作中使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤1 .現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞誤用誤 My mother likes reading the novels正 My mother likes reading the novels誤 Our teacher was standing there正 Our teacher was standing there2 . "be+ adj. + to do ”結(jié)構(gòu)的誤用誤 Most of us think that this sentence正 Most of us think that this sentence誤 The new student is hard正 The new student is hard3 .邏輯主語(yǔ)使用不當(dāng)writingby Mo Yan.writtenby Mo Yan.with her eyes fixing on my mobile phone. with her eyes fixed on my mobile phone.is hard to be understood .is hard to understand .which makes us upset.to get along ,to get along with誤 While cleaning the floor 正 While cleaning the floor,her finger was a little hurt.,she got her finger a little hurt.正 While she was cleaning the floor,her finger was a little hurt.4.不定式符號(hào)to使用不當(dāng)誤 While we were having a rest正 While we were having a rest誤 While we were having a rest 正 While we were having a restI .用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞完成句子1.我很榮幸被邀請(qǐng)到這里來(lái)發(fā)言。hadmy sisterto buysome foodhadmy sisterbuy some food.gotmy sisterbuy some food.gotmy sisterto buysome food綜合演練I think it a great honor tobe invited here to speak., which makes us upset.2 .飯菜上來(lái)后，先讓長(zhǎng)輩品嘗，因?yàn)樵谥袊?guó)長(zhǎng)者很受尊重。（2018 全國(guó)I ）The seniors are usually the first to taste the food served on the table because they are well respected in China.3 .得知我們圖書(shū)館要買書(shū)，我想給一些建議。Knowing that our library is going to buy books , I' d like to give some suggestions.4 .我們坐在一起吃月餅和水果，分享我們的故事。We sit together and eat mooncakes and fruit, sharing our stories.5 .這部電影將在星期天下午放映，從 4點(diǎn)到6點(diǎn)持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。（2018 全國(guó)H ）The film will be shown this Sunday afternoon , lasting 2 hours , from 4:00 to 6:00.6 .坦率地講，在不同文化里拿學(xué)位，絕不是一件容易的事。（2018 北京 ）To be frank , studying for a degree in a different culture is never easy.7 .這所大學(xué)因?qū)榱魧W(xué)生設(shè)置的語(yǔ)言與文化課程而著名。（2018 北京 ）The university is known for its language and culture courses intended for international students.8 .班長(zhǎng)生病了，我們最好還是延期開(kāi)會(huì)吧。The monitor being ill , we' d better put the meeting off.n .根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)寫一篇短文，盡可能多地使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞假定你叫李華，是英才中學(xué)的學(xué)生會(huì)主席，你校將接待一批來(lái)自英國(guó)的學(xué)生到你校學(xué)習(xí) 漢語(yǔ)。Mike發(fā)郵件詢問(wèn)你校的基本情況，請(qǐng)你給Mike回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)如下：1 .學(xué)校介紹；2 .師資情況；3 .學(xué)生情況。 參考范文 Dear Mike ,I ' m Li Hua, the Chairman of the Students ' Union of Yingcai Middle School.Welcome to our school to learn Chinese.Let me tell you something about our school briefly.Our school , a key middle school with a history of more than 100 years , is located in a famous historical and cultural town.Consisting of two campuses, this schoolcovers a total area of 400 square kilometers with more than 4,000 students and teachers.The beautiful school , well-known for its excellent teachers , is also well equipped with modern facilities.With talented graduates entering famous universities every year , the school enjoys a good reputation.Wish you an enjoyable trip here!Looking forward to your coming!Yours sincerelyLi Hua