2019高考英語(yǔ) 基礎(chǔ)保分篇 第八講 構(gòu)詞法講與練 新人教版.doc

第八講構(gòu)詞法讀語(yǔ)篇，悟語(yǔ)法。反復(fù)朗讀下列短文，領(lǐng)悟畫(huà)線黑體部分。思考：畫(huà)線的單詞有什么特點(diǎn)？各種前綴如何用？各種前綴表示什么意思？單詞加了前綴后詞性有沒(méi)有變化？John and his father never agree on one thing, so they often disapprove1 of each other, for there was some misunderstanding2 between them. Once, John and his parents went to his aunts home for dinner. When they left after dinner, John said “Byebye！” to his aunt in a low voice. However, his father didnt hear it and he thought John misbehaved3 himself for it was impolite4 to leave without saying goodbye.John insisted that he did say it, but his father didnt listen to him. From then on, John was unfriendly5 to his father, which made his father extremely unhappy6. Undoubtedly7, it is unwise8 of John to do so. After all, they are father and son. His father sent him to a class of manners to enrich9 his knowledge of manners, which his father believed would enable10 him to be a goodmannered boy. Johns father said he was angry at his sons dishonesty11，which would certainly endanger12 his future. His fathers nonstop13 nonsense caused John much disfort14. John had to go to the class. Later on，he did everything against his fathers will.1.dis表示“相反或否定”意義的前綴。approve贊同disapprove不贊同，反對(duì)。2 mis表示“錯(cuò)誤或否定”意義的前綴。understand理解misunderstand誤解，misunderstanding是其名詞形式。3.mis表示“錯(cuò)誤或否定”意義的前綴。behave表現(xiàn)得體misbehave行為不端。4.前綴im通常加在以字母p開(kāi)頭的形容詞前，表示“不、非”的意思，polite有禮貌的impolite沒(méi)禮貌的；而同是表示“不、非”的前綴il常加在以字母l開(kāi)頭的單詞前；前綴ir則常加在以字母r開(kāi)頭的單詞前。58.前綴un通常加在形容詞或副詞的前面，表示“不、非”的意思，friendly友好的unfriendly不友好的，happy開(kāi)心的unhappy不開(kāi)心的。910.前綴en通常加在形容詞前面，表示“使”的意思，rich豐富的enrich使豐富，使充實(shí)；able能夠enable使能夠。一般的前綴不會(huì)改變?cè)~性，但前綴en會(huì)改變所加的單詞的詞性。11.dis表示“相反或否定”意義的前綴。dis可以加在名詞的前面，honesty誠(chéng)實(shí)dishonesty不誠(chéng)實(shí)。12.前綴en也可以加在名詞前面，表示“使”的意思，danger危險(xiǎn)endanger危及。13.前綴non構(gòu)成形容詞、副詞和名詞，表示“無(wú)、沒(méi)有”的意思。14.dis表示“相反或否定”意義的前綴。dis可以加在名詞的前面，fort舒服disfort不舒服。.單句填空(用所給單詞的正確形式填空)1. I was supposed to arrive at the airport on time.Unfortunately (fortunate), I was held up by the heavy traffic jam.2. Therefore, when they bee older they are unable(able) to do any other kind of work.3. Very early the next morning, amazingly, we got pletely satisfied in a totally unexpected(expect) way.4. I wont do the purchase because the price of this dress is unreasonable(reason).5. Job applicants(apply) need to show their ability to be both organized and flexible in taking on many tasks at the same time.6.All facts are the source of conclusions(conclude).7.However, most scientists(science) agree that EQ has a lot to do with education(educate).8.Excellent oral and written munication(municate) skills in Chinese and English are of importance(important).9. Fresh fruits and vegetables can provide much of our daily requirement(require).10. It is your freedom(free) to do what you want after class.11. As is known to us all, the Entrance Exam is a great petition,_and the students are petitors.(pete)12. I am so thankful(thank) to you for your help.13. He gave me some constructive(construct) suggestions.14. A jurys decision in a court case must be absolutely objective(object).15. He devoted much money to building schools in mountainous(mountain) areas.16. Unfortunately, my car broke down on a muddy(mud) road.17. Everyone should play his part in building a harmonious(harmony) society.18. The mysterious(mystery) letter sent from Taiwan made the professor lost in thought.19. To make myself relaxed,_I would do some relaxing exercise after work. (relax)20. All the children felt discouraged when they heard the discouraging news. (discourage)21. We apologized (apology) for the late departure of this flight.22.The article can lengthen (long) out a little by adding some examples.23.His illness worsened (worse) during the night.24.Letting that animal escape was no accident; you did it intentionally(intention).25.The black people were against slavery and fought for their freedom bravely(brave).26.Our products are sold worldwide (world).27.He went out of the office hurriedly (hurry) to run after her.28.I lost my balance and fell backward (back).29.They live in the western(west) part of the village.30.Its very important to eat healthily(health).單句改錯(cuò)(下列每句中有一處錯(cuò)誤，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改，請(qǐng)指出并改正。)1.A difficult person will be easier to cooperate if understand is achieved.understandunderstanding2.The actually reasons for this phenomenon are the subject of a very heated discussion.actuallyactual3.Its surprised what people will do for money.surprisedsurprising4.When facing danger, one should keep calmly.calmlycalm5.Are you being pletely honesty about your feelings？honestyhonest6.I was thrilling to be invited.thrillingthrilled7.Hopeful, well arrive before dark.HopefulHopefully8.I felt extreme upset, and I couldnt believe my mother refused to help the animal.extremeextremely9.Was she telling me the true or trying to cheat me？truetruth10.In this increasingly petitive world, we are supposed to enrich ourselves constant to keep in pace with the modern society.constantconstantly.語(yǔ)篇填空(閱讀下列短文，用括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式填空)A father sat at his desk looking at and carefully studying his 1._ (month) bills when his young son rushed in and announced, “Dad, because this is your birthday and youre 55 years old, Im going to give you 55 kisses, one for each year！” But the father exclaimed, “Oh, Andrew, dont do it now; Im too busy ！”The youngster immediately fell 2._ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.3._ (apologetical) the father said, “You can finish later.”The boy said nothing but 4._ (quiet) walked away，5._ (disappoint) written over his face. That evening the father said, “e and finish the kisses now, Andrew！” But the boy didnt respond.6._ (fortunate), the boy had an accident and was drowned. His heartbroken father wrote，“If only I could tell him how much I regret my 7._ (thought) words, and could be assured that he knows how much my heart is aching. ”Love is a twoway street. Any loving act must be 8._ (warm) accepted or it will be taken as 9._ (reject) and can leave a scar. Nothing is more 10._ (importance) than responding with love to the cry for love from those who are near and precious to us.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】一個(gè)小孩在父親55歲生日時(shí)想給父親55個(gè)吻，但這位父親因太忙叫兒子等以后有空再吻，幾天后這個(gè)小男孩不幸溺水身亡，父親傷心欲絕。故事告誡我們，對(duì)于那些在我們身邊對(duì)我們彌足珍貴的人來(lái)說(shuō)，用愛(ài)去回應(yīng)他們愛(ài)的渴望，這是最重要的。1.monthly在名詞前作定語(yǔ)用形容詞，表示“每月的”填monthly。2.silent在系動(dòng)詞fell后作表語(yǔ)用形容詞。3.Apologetically修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)用副詞。4.quietly修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)用副詞。5.disappointment后面有過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)，應(yīng)是名詞與過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。6.Unfortunately修飾全句作狀語(yǔ)用副詞，溺水身亡是“不幸地”。7.thoughtless在名詞前作定語(yǔ)用形容詞，根據(jù)文意，加表示否定意義的后綴less。8.warmly修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)用副詞。9.rejection在介詞后作賓語(yǔ)用名詞。10.important在系動(dòng)詞is后作表語(yǔ)用形容詞。