2019版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第四部分 完形填空 專題十八 說明文完形填空+議論文完形填空優(yōu)選習(xí)題.doc

專題十八說明文完形填空+議論文完形填空A(2018四川德陽一診)I live in a rural munity,different from a city because there are 1 people.My home is deep in a valley 2 by mountains that are rocky.3 many farms are located in rural areas because they require large plots of land to grow food or 4 farm animals,in my munity the mountains and 5 soil make it difficult to farm.This is one 6 why few people live in my area.Since we have a lot of 7,we get to have horses and chickens.My family 8 eggs from the chickens for breakfast.We also lose electricity a lot because the trees fall on power lines whenever theres a 9.In my munity,people keep battery-powered flashlights and oil lamps stored in case the lights 10.Some people also use a machine to generates electricity from gasolinewhenever there are 11.Going to school in a rural area means having fewer classmates and 12 longer distances.To get to my high school,I must drive forty miles to the 13 city.This means I must get up much earlier than my 14 classmates in order to be on time.The roads in my munity arent paved with asphalt(瀝青) either,so during storms they 15 bee too muddy or snowy to pass.In cities a snowplow(掃雪機(jī)) 16 quickly,but areas where fewer people live arent the priority(優(yōu)先),so days can pass before a snowplow 17 the road.Sometimes I must miss school because storms make it 18 to drive.I am not sure 19 if I want to live in the country or in the city when I grow up,where it can get 20,although I do love being around our animals.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。作者通過自己的親身經(jīng)歷,和城市進(jìn)行對比,分析了在農(nóng)村居住的好處和不足。 1.A.fewB.manyC.fewerD.more答案C解析文化常識題。根據(jù)常識可知,農(nóng)村地區(qū)和城市相比人口比較少,所以答案為C項(xiàng)。2.A.surroundedB.hiddenC.shadowedD.enriched答案A解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“包圍”;B項(xiàng)“隱藏”;C項(xiàng)“遮蔽”;D項(xiàng)“使豐富”。根據(jù)“deep in a valley”和“by mountains”可知,作者的家在被山包圍的山谷深處,所以答案為A項(xiàng)。3.A.WhenB.WhileC.BecauseD.If答案B解析語法功能題。上句說農(nóng)村人少偏僻,下句說許多農(nóng)場都在農(nóng)村地區(qū),前后句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以選擇B項(xiàng)。4.A.feedB.growC.trainD.house答案D解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“喂養(yǎng),飼養(yǎng)”;B項(xiàng)“種植”;C項(xiàng)“培養(yǎng),訓(xùn)練”;D項(xiàng)“提供房子或住處”。此處指農(nóng)場需要大塊的土地來種糧食和給家畜提供場地,所以選擇D項(xiàng)。5.A.richB.muddyC.rockyD.snowy答案C解析行文邏輯題。根據(jù)上文“My home is deep in a valley 2 by mountains that are rocky”可知,此處指在作者的家鄉(xiāng),山脈和巖石土壤使農(nóng)場難以耕種。形容詞rocky在文中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。答案為C項(xiàng)。6.A.explanationB.causeC.excuseD.reason答案D解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“解釋”;B項(xiàng)“起因,原因”;C項(xiàng)“借口,理由”;D項(xiàng)“原因”。家鄉(xiāng)的土壤不適合耕種,這是家鄉(xiāng)人少的原因。reason后通?？梢越觲hy引導(dǎo)的定語從句,cause不能,所以答案為D項(xiàng)。7.A.spaceB.roomC.placeD.land答案A解析詞義辨析題。根據(jù)后文的“we get to have horses and chickens”可知,鄉(xiāng)村需要很大的空間來飼養(yǎng)馬和雞。space和room均可表示“空間”,但room更強(qiáng)調(diào)供人使用的地方和空間,所以答案為A項(xiàng)。8.A.laysB.harvestsC.buysD.picks答案B解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“產(chǎn)卵,放置”;B項(xiàng)“收獲”;C項(xiàng)“買”;D項(xiàng)“摘,取,挖,采”。作者家養(yǎng)著雞,所以收獲雞蛋作為早餐。答案為B項(xiàng)。9.A.stormB.thunderC.lightingD.shower答案A解析文化常識題。A項(xiàng)“暴風(fēng)雨”;B項(xiàng)“雷”;C項(xiàng)“閃電”;D項(xiàng)“陣雨”。家里經(jīng)常停電,因?yàn)槊慨?dāng)有暴風(fēng)雨的時(shí)候,樹會被刮到電線上造成停電。根據(jù)常識判斷,只有storm伴隨強(qiáng)風(fēng),所以答案為A項(xiàng)。10.A.put outB.wear outC.run outD.go out答案D解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“撲滅,熄滅”;B項(xiàng)“磨損,穿破”;C項(xiàng)“用光,耗盡”;D項(xiàng)“熄滅”。此處指因?yàn)橥ｋ姛粝?所以答案為D項(xiàng)。11.A.dangersB.risksC.emergenciesD.incidents答案C解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“危險(xiǎn)”;B項(xiàng)“冒險(xiǎn)”;C項(xiàng)“緊急或突發(fā)事件”;D項(xiàng)“事件”。有緊急事件時(shí),會使用一種汽油發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)電。答案為C項(xiàng)。12.A.walkingB.runningC.drivingD.traveling答案D解析文化常識題。在農(nóng)村上學(xué)意味著較少的同學(xué)和走較遠(yuǎn)的路程,因?yàn)槿藷熛∩?學(xué)校少,所以上學(xué)很遠(yuǎn)。此處并沒有說上學(xué)的具體交通方式,只是總的說,所以答案為D項(xiàng)。13.A.nearbyB.distantC.nearestD.farthest答案C解析文化常識題。即便是到最近的城市上高中作者也要開車40英里,這是為了突出農(nóng)村人煙稀少,地廣人稀。答案為C項(xiàng)。14.A.ruralB.cityC.oldD.new答案B解析行文邏輯題。為了按時(shí)上學(xué),作者必須比城市里的同學(xué)更早起床。文章是把農(nóng)村和城市進(jìn)行比較,所以答案為B項(xiàng)。15.A.canB.mayC.mustD.should答案A解析詞義辨析題。農(nóng)村的道路不是瀝青路,所以雨雪天會變得非常泥濘。根據(jù)句意可知答案為A項(xiàng)。16.A.es byB.es aboutC.es toD.es out答案A解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“路過,經(jīng)過”;B項(xiàng)“發(fā)生”;C項(xiàng)“談到,提到”;D項(xiàng)“出現(xiàn),出版”。在城市里,下雪后掃雪機(jī)會很快經(jīng)過,把雪掃干凈。答案為A項(xiàng)。17.A.cleansB.digsC.clearsD.covers答案C解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“清掃”;B項(xiàng)“挖”;C項(xiàng)“清除,弄干凈”;D項(xiàng)“覆蓋,走完一段路程,足夠支付”。此處指掃雪機(jī)清除積雪,使路面干凈。動詞clean和clear作為動詞意思接近,但clean更強(qiáng)調(diào)動作,而clear則更強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。答案為C項(xiàng)。18.A.likelyB.necessaryC.improperD.impossible答案D解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“很可能的”;B項(xiàng)“必要的”;C項(xiàng)“不正確的,不適當(dāng)?shù)摹?D項(xiàng)“不可能的”。因?yàn)檗r(nóng)村道路雨雪后泥濘,不能開車,這使得作者不能去上學(xué),所以答案為D項(xiàng)。19.A.stillB.yetC.evenD.as答案B解析行文邏輯題。根據(jù)后文“if I want to live in the country or in the city when I grow up.”可知,作者現(xiàn)在仍然不確定將來長大后是生活在城市還是農(nóng)村。選項(xiàng)中still和yet均可表示“仍然,依舊”,但still常用于肯定句中,表示“某事正在進(jìn)行中”,一般與現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)連用。也可用在疑問句或否定句中,在否定句中須放在否定詞not之前;yet表示“某事尚未發(fā)生”,多用于否定句或帶否定詞的陳述句中。此句為否定句,且not在前,所以答案為B項(xiàng)。20.A.quietB.lonelyC.aloneD.busy答案B解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“安靜的”;B項(xiàng)“孤獨(dú)寂寞的”;C項(xiàng)“獨(dú)自地,單獨(dú)地”;D項(xiàng)“忙碌的”。因?yàn)檗r(nóng)村人少,所以盡管作者喜歡和動物在一起,但農(nóng)村會讓人寂寞。答案為B項(xiàng)。B(2018江西質(zhì)檢)There are too many fat people in America,so many Americans are fighting against overweight.But the 1 thing is that the French,who consume rich food,2 to stay thin.Now a 3 by Cornell University suggests 4 life style and decisions about 5 may affect weight.Researchers concluded that the French tend to stop eating when they feel 6.However,Americans tend to stop when their 7 are empty or their favorite TV show is over.According to Dr.Joseph Mercola,a 8 expert,the French see eating 9 an important part of their life style.They enjoy food and therefore spend a 10 time at the table,while Americans see eating as 11 to be squeezed between the other daily activities.Mercola believes Americans 12 the ability to sense when they are actually full.So they keep eating long after the French would have 13.In addition,he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and 14 foods for the week.The French,15 tend to shop daily,walking to small shops and farmers markets where they have a 16 of fresh fruits,vegetables,and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal.After a visit to the United States,Mireille Guiliano,author of French Women Dont Get Fat,decided to 17 about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid 18.Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym.In spite of all these differences,evidence shows that recent life style 19 may be affecting French eating habits.Today the rate of obesity(肥胖)or extreme overweightamong adults is only 6%.However,as American fast food gains 20 and the young reject older traditions,the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%and is growing.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章通過對比,介紹了法國人吃大量油膩食品,但仍然保持苗條身材的原因。1.A.presentB.naturalC.strangeD.modern答案C解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“出席的,在場的,目前的”;B項(xiàng)“自然的,天然的”;C項(xiàng)“奇怪的”;D項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代的”。很多美國人超重。但是,令人奇怪的是,法國人也吃大量的油膩食品,但卻仍然保持很瘦的身材。答案為C項(xiàng)。2.A.continueB.moveC.tryD.expand答案A解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“繼續(xù),維持原狀”;B項(xiàng)“移動,搬家”;C項(xiàng)“努力,嘗試”;D項(xiàng)“擴(kuò)展,擴(kuò)大,擴(kuò)充”。根據(jù)上一題的分析可知答案為A項(xiàng)。3.A.researchB.novelC.bookD.newspaper答案A解析行文邏輯題。根據(jù)下文中的“researchers”及該句句意可知,Cornell大學(xué)研究生活方式和對食物的決定如何影響體重。答案為A項(xiàng)。4.A.thatB.whatC.howD.when答案C解析語法功能題。根據(jù)上一題的分析可知答案為C項(xiàng)how,強(qiáng)調(diào)方式和程度。5.A.workingB.livingC.studyingD.eating答案D解析行文邏輯題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知,生活方式和關(guān)于吃的決定可能會影響體重,且動詞eat在文中重復(fù)多次,所以答案為D項(xiàng)。6.A.sensitiveB.sadC.happyD.full答案D解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“敏感的”;B項(xiàng)“悲傷的”;C項(xiàng)“高興的,幸福的,滿意的”;D項(xiàng)“滿的,充實(shí)的”。當(dāng)法國人感到吃飽了的時(shí)候,他們就不再吃東西了。答案為D項(xiàng)。7.A.pocketsB.refrigeratorsC.housesD.plates答案D解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“口袋”;B項(xiàng)“冰箱”;C項(xiàng)“房子”;D項(xiàng)“盤子”。但是,美國人只有在盤子里空了(即沒有東西可吃了)或者他們最喜歡的電視節(jié)目結(jié)束的時(shí)候他們才停止吃東西。答案為D項(xiàng)。8.A.educationB.healthC.literatureD.speech答案B解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“教育”;B項(xiàng)“健康”;C項(xiàng)“文學(xué)”;D項(xiàng)“演講,講話”。根據(jù)下文中Dr.Joseph Mercola的觀點(diǎn)可知,他是一位健康專家,所以答案為B項(xiàng)。9.A.intoB.asC.insideD.to答案B解析語法功能題。法國人將吃看作他們生活方式中非常重要的一部分。see.as.“將看作”,是固定搭配,且和下一句中的“Americans see eating as 11to be squeezed”表達(dá)一致。答案為B項(xiàng)。10.A.fairly longB.fairly shortC.very excitingD.rather fast答案A解析詞義辨析題。法國人喜歡食物,所以他們會花相當(dāng)長的時(shí)間在餐桌旁。答案為A項(xiàng)。11.A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing答案B解析詞義辨析題。句意:美國人將吃看作一件在其他日?；顒又袛D出來的事情。根據(jù)句意可知答案為B項(xiàng)。12.A.getB.bringC.loseD.receive答案C解析詞義辨析題。根據(jù)下文中的“they keep eating long”可知,當(dāng)美國人實(shí)際上已經(jīng)飽了的時(shí)候,他們卻感覺不到(自己已經(jīng)吃飽了),所以答案為C項(xiàng)。lose the ability to sense.“喪失感覺能力”。13.A.keptB.enjoyedC.wentD.stopped答案D解析詞義辨析題。美國人感受不到自己已經(jīng)吃飽了,所以他們會一直吃很長時(shí)間,這遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了法國人停止吃食物的時(shí)間。答案為D項(xiàng)。14.A.hotB.coolC.warmD.frozen答案D解析文化常識題。根據(jù)句中“for the week”可知,美國人往往會開車去大超市買一周吃的罐裝和冷凍食品。常識判斷只有罐裝食品和冷凍食品才可以保存較長時(shí)間,所以答案為D項(xiàng)。15.A.thereforeB.insteadC.howeverD.merely答案B解析行文邏輯題。和美國人相比,相反地,法國人卻每天都去購物,步行到小的商店去買新鮮的水果、蔬菜和雞蛋等食物。此題容易誤選however“然而,可是”,但instead更強(qiáng)調(diào)前后對比關(guān)系,所以答案為B項(xiàng)。16.A.choiceB.messageC.orderD.number答案A解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“選擇”;B項(xiàng)“信息”;C項(xiàng)“命令,訂購,點(diǎn)菜”;D項(xiàng)“數(shù)目,數(shù)字”。法國人往往會選擇新鮮水果、蔬菜和雞蛋等食物。答案為A項(xiàng)。17.A.writeB.readC.speakD.think答案A解析詞義辨析題。根據(jù)前文中的“author of French Women Dont Get fat”可知,Mireille Guiliano是一位作家,所以她決定寫關(guān)于知道何時(shí)停止吃東西的重要性。答案為A項(xiàng)。18.A.fruitB.foodC.oilD.egg答案B解析詞義辨析題。Mireille Guiliano決定寫關(guān)于何時(shí)停止吃東西而不是建議人們?nèi)绾伪苊獬阅承┦澄?。答案為B項(xiàng)。19.A.examplesB.traditionC.changesD.stories答案C解析詞義辨析題。根據(jù)下文“However,as American fast food gains 20 and the young reject older traditions,the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%and is growing.”可知,隨著美國快餐逐漸被法國人接受及法國年輕人拒絕傳統(tǒng)飲食,生活方式的變換可能會影響法國人的飲食習(xí)慣。答案為C項(xiàng)。20.A.failureB.successC.acceptanceD.rejection答案C解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“失敗”;B項(xiàng)“成功”;C項(xiàng)“接受”;D項(xiàng)“拒絕”。根據(jù)上一題的分析可知答案為C項(xiàng)。C(2018安徽黃山一模)History has some very special qualities about it.It is a 1 of what has happened in the past,and the really interesting thing is that much of history has been 2 time and again.It allows us to learn from the past,both the 3 made and the successes achieved.One of the 4 of history is that it allows us to know how famous people 5 when they were faced with challenges in their life.6 these challenges happened at a certain time in the past or in a 7 country or culture,all of them can always teach us something 8.Take for example the 9 of Thomas Edison and how many times he 10 while on the road to finally inventing the light bulb.He could be held out as an example of a person who 11 stopped trying.I am sure he was 12 by those difficulties but he did not let them stop him.He had a 13 and he just kept trying until he reached success.Or,think about the story of Abraham Lincoln who 14 to bee President of the United States even though he suffered 15 losses.Most of us only know about his success.16,his life was not an easy one.His story makes us keep moving forward no matter what 17 we have in life.These true history stories will make you stop to reconsider 18 or going after your dreams even though you may not think you have the courage or the 19 for now to get what you have always wanted.They could help you make decisions and 20 when you have no idea what to do.They could inspire you to be all that you can be.【語篇解讀】本文是議論文。唐太宗曾經(jīng)說過:“以銅為鑒,可正衣冠;以古為鑒,可知興替;以人為鑒,可明得失。”本文引用歷史著名人物的事跡給我們啟示,鼓勵(lì)人們不要輕言放棄。1.A.noteB.recordC.chanceD.belief答案B解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“筆記,音符,鈔票,便條”;B項(xiàng)“記錄”;C項(xiàng)“機(jī)會,可能性”;D項(xiàng)“相信,信念”。句意:歷史記錄了過去發(fā)生的事情,并且真正有意思的是歷史上很多事情總是一再重復(fù)上演。根據(jù)句意可知答案為B項(xiàng)。2.A.reportedB.expectedC.repeatedD.corrected答案C解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“報(bào)道”;B項(xiàng)“期待,料想”;C項(xiàng)“重復(fù)”;D項(xiàng)“改正,更正”。根據(jù)后面的“time and again”及上一題的分析可知答案為C項(xiàng)。3.A.mistakesB.jokesC.agreementsD.challenges答案A解析行文邏輯題。A項(xiàng)“錯(cuò)誤”;B項(xiàng)“玩笑”;C項(xiàng)“同意,協(xié)議,一致”;D項(xiàng)“挑戰(zhàn)”。根據(jù)后面的“the successes achieved”可知,歷史可以讓我們從過去犯的錯(cuò)誤和取得的成功中學(xué)到東西。make mistakes“犯錯(cuò)誤”。答案為A項(xiàng)。4.A.eventsB.periodsC.problemsD.advantages答案D解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“大事,體育賽事”;B項(xiàng)“期間”;C項(xiàng)“問題”;D項(xiàng)“優(yōu)點(diǎn),優(yōu)勢,益處”。根據(jù)后面“it allows us to know how famous people 5 when they were faced with challenges in their life.”可知,歷史能讓我們知道名人在面對挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)作何反應(yīng),這是歷史給我們帶來的好處,所以選擇D項(xiàng)。5.A.studiedB.reactedC.petedD.explored答案B解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí),研究”;B項(xiàng)“反映”;C項(xiàng)“競爭”;D項(xiàng)“探索”。根據(jù)上一題的分析可知答案為B項(xiàng)。6.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.UnlessD.Whether答案A解析語法功能題。句意:盡管這些挑戰(zhàn)發(fā)生在過去的某個(gè)時(shí)期,不同的國家或文化背景中,它們都可以給我們帶來有用的啟示。根據(jù)句意可知這里需要引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,所以答案為A項(xiàng)。7.A.developedB.poorC.differentD.popular答案C解析文化常識題。A項(xiàng)“發(fā)達(dá)的,先進(jìn)的”;B項(xiàng)“差的,窮的,可憐的”;C項(xiàng)“不同的”;D項(xiàng)“流行的,受歡迎的”。根據(jù)常識判斷,這些歷史名人遇到的各種挑戰(zhàn)不可能只發(fā)生在同一國家和文化背景下,所以答案為C項(xiàng)。8.A.clearB.simpleC.specialD.useful答案D解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“清楚的”;B項(xiàng)“簡單的”;C項(xiàng)“特殊的”;D項(xiàng)“有用的”。根據(jù)下文舉的兩個(gè)例子可知,作者想要表達(dá)歷史名人應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)的故事給我們帶來的是有用的啟示,所以答案為D項(xiàng)。9.A.nameB.storyC.positionD.character答案B解析行文邏輯題。根據(jù)下一段首句“Or,think about the story of Abraham Lincoln”可知,作者舉了兩個(gè)歷史名人面對挑戰(zhàn)的故事,所以答案為B項(xiàng)。名詞story在文中重復(fù)使用,所以答案為B項(xiàng)。10.A.failedB.watchedC.escapedD.travelled答案A解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“失敗”;B項(xiàng)“觀察,看,留神”;C項(xiàng)“逃跑,逃避”;D項(xiàng)“旅行,行進(jìn)”。根據(jù)下文“He could be held out as an example of a person who 11 stopped trying.I am sure he was 12 by those difficulties but he did not let them stop him.”可知,愛迪生在發(fā)明燈泡的過程中經(jīng)歷過多次失敗,但他從來沒有停止嘗試,所以答案為A項(xiàng)。11.A.alsoB.oftenC.stillD.never答案D解析詞義辨析題。根據(jù)上一題的分析可知答案為D項(xiàng)。12.A.shockedB.beatenC.discouragedD.controlled答案C解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“震驚的”;B項(xiàng)“被打敗的”;C項(xiàng)“泄氣的”;D項(xiàng)“被控制的”。根據(jù)后面的“but he did not let them stop him.”可知,愛迪生雖然失敗多次,經(jīng)歷失敗時(shí)肯定也會感覺泄氣,但他從未放棄。答案為C項(xiàng)。13.A.jobB.dreamC.dutyD.power答案B解析詞義辨析題。根據(jù)后面“he just kept trying until he reached success.”可知,愛迪生不斷嘗試直到成功為止,這是實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想的過程,所以選擇B項(xiàng)。14.A.happenedB.preparedC.pretendedD.managed答案D解析文化常識題。A項(xiàng)“發(fā)生,碰巧”;B項(xiàng)“準(zhǔn)備”;C項(xiàng)“假裝”;D項(xiàng)“經(jīng)營管理,設(shè)法做成”。根據(jù)常識可知,林肯最后成為美國總統(tǒng)。manage to do“設(shè)法做成”。答案為D項(xiàng)。15.A.hearingB.weightC.personalD.slight答案A解析文化常識題。A項(xiàng)“聽力的”;B項(xiàng)“重量,體重”;C項(xiàng)“私人的,人事的”;D項(xiàng)“輕微的,微小的”。根據(jù)常識可知,盡管林肯聽力受損,但依然成為了美國總統(tǒng),所以答案為A項(xiàng)。16.A.In factB.As usualC.In allD.After all答案A解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上,實(shí)際上”;B項(xiàng)“像往常一樣”;C項(xiàng)“總共,總計(jì)”;D項(xiàng)“畢竟,終究,別忘了”。根據(jù)上一句“Most of us only know about his success.”可知,我們多數(shù)人只知道林肯總統(tǒng)成功的一面,但是事實(shí)上他的生活并不是一帆風(fēng)順的。答案為A項(xiàng)。17.A.directionsB.improvementsC.permissionsD.difficulties答案D解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“方向,指導(dǎo)”;B項(xiàng)“改善,提高”;C項(xiàng)“許可”;D項(xiàng)“困難”。句意:他的故事能讓我們不斷前進(jìn),不管在生活中遇到什么困難。根據(jù)句意可知答案為D項(xiàng)。18.A.passing byB.giving upC.setting offD.calming down答案B解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“路過”;B項(xiàng)“放棄,停止”;C項(xiàng)“動身,引爆”;D項(xiàng)“冷靜,鎮(zhèn)定”。句意:這些真實(shí)的歷史故事讓我們停下來重新考慮我們是否要放棄。根據(jù)句意可知答案為B項(xiàng)。19.A.abilityB.habitC.goalD.choice答案A解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“能力”;B項(xiàng)“習(xí)慣”;C項(xiàng)“目標(biāo)”;D項(xiàng)“選擇”。根據(jù)前面的“courage”可知應(yīng)該選擇A項(xiàng)ability,意思是“勇氣和能力”。答案為A項(xiàng)。20.A.introductionsB.conversationsC.judgementD.impressions答案C解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“介紹”;B項(xiàng)“對話”;C項(xiàng)“判斷”;D項(xiàng)“表達(dá)”。根據(jù)后面“when you have no idea what to do”可知,當(dāng)你不知道該做什么的時(shí)候,這些名人故事能幫助你做出決定和判斷。答案為C項(xiàng)。D(2018安徽安慶三模)During the Nov.11 shopping event,many people tend to buy more than they need because of sales promotions or just plain urge.But what normally 1 the shopping spree(瘋狂購物) is not 2 but regret.Thats because many people just buy things to fill the 3 in their hearts,but accumulating things actually 4 the burden in their minds.The concept of Danshari may provide a(n) 5 to the problem.Danshari was based on three Chinese characters,duan-she-li,6 refusal,disposal(清除) and separation.It promotes the idea of getting rid of 7 things and separating oneself from the drive to own 8 possessions.There are two basic rules that 9 whether you should keep somethingthe relationship between you and the item under 10 as well as the timing.So before you 11 your payment password for something,ask yourself two questions:Do I 12 it now?Does it suit me?Danshari encourages you not only to 13 yourself things,but to give up the unreasonable desire associated with owning them.Nowadays,people need to learn to 14 their daily lives.Buy only the necessities and 15 items,regularly 16 things you dont need any more,then youll get freedom in your heart.However,it doesnt mean that you should 17 your desire and live a less interesting life.Instead,you should 18 yourself rather than material goods.Through 19 what to buy and what to get rid of,you can see a deeper reflection of yourself,20 learning to make wise decisions about more important things.【語篇解讀】本文是議論文。瘋狂購物過后,隨之而來的并不是滿意,而是后悔。因?yàn)樵S多人買東西,僅僅是為了填充他們內(nèi)心的空虛。“斷舍離”的想法可能為這個(gè)問題提供解決方法。通過選擇買什么和去掉什么,你可以看到一個(gè)更深層的自己,要學(xué)會對更重要的事情做明智的決定。1.A.preventsB.followsC.startsD.promotes答案B解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“阻止,防止,預(yù)防”;B項(xiàng)“跟隨,接著,隨著,跟著學(xué)”;C項(xiàng)“開始,發(fā)起”;D項(xiàng)“促進(jìn),晉升,提拔”。根據(jù)后文“but regret”可知,瘋狂購物之后隨之而來的是后悔,而不是滿足,所以選擇B項(xiàng)。2.A.expectationB.wealthC.satisfactionD.relief答案C解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“期待,盼望”;B項(xiàng)“財(cái)富,財(cái)產(chǎn)”;C項(xiàng)“滿意,滿足”;D項(xiàng)“寬慰,慰藉”。根據(jù)上一題分析可知答案為C項(xiàng)。3.A.emptinessB.needsC.silenceD.space答案A解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“空虛”;B項(xiàng)“必需品”;C項(xiàng)“沉默”;D項(xiàng)“空間”。許多人買東西,僅僅是為了填充他們內(nèi)心的空虛。答案為A項(xiàng)。4.A.measuresB.coversC.relievesD.indicates答案D解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“測量,衡量”;B項(xiàng)“覆蓋,走完一段路程,足夠支付,報(bào)道”;C項(xiàng)“減輕,解除,緩解”;D項(xiàng)“表明”。逐漸積累起來的東西實(shí)際上表明了他們思想上的負(fù)擔(dān)。答案為D項(xiàng)。5.A.limitB.alternativeC.solutionD.introduction答案C解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“限制”;B項(xiàng)“供替代的選擇”;C項(xiàng)“解決”;D項(xiàng)“介紹,引薦”。根據(jù)下文可知,“斷舍離”的想法可能為這個(gè)問題提供解決方法。答案為C項(xiàng)。6.A.meaningB.abolishingC.violatingD.predicting答案A解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“意思是,意味著,打算”;B項(xiàng)“廢除”;C項(xiàng)“違背”;D項(xiàng)“預(yù)測,推斷”?！皵嗌犭x”意思是拒絕、清除和分離。答案為A項(xiàng)。7.A.updatedB.temporaryC.usedD.unnecessary答案D解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“更新”;B項(xiàng)“暫時(shí)的”;C項(xiàng)“用過的,習(xí)慣的,舊的”;D項(xiàng)“不必要的”?！皵嗌犭x”提倡這樣的觀點(diǎn):除去不必要的東西,使自己從擁有物質(zhì)財(cái)富的內(nèi)驅(qū)力中分離出來。答案為D項(xiàng)。8.A.privateB.materialC.valuableD.popular答案B解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“私人的,私家的”;B項(xiàng)“物質(zhì)的”;C項(xiàng)“有價(jià)值的,貴重的”;D項(xiàng)“流行的”。根據(jù)上一題的分析可知答案為B項(xiàng)。9.A.proveB.permitC.decideD.affect答案C解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“證明”;B項(xiàng)“允許,許可”;C項(xiàng)“決定”;D項(xiàng)“影響”。兩個(gè)基本的原則決定你是否應(yīng)該遵守某種東西你和你考慮的東西及時(shí)機(jī)之間的關(guān)系。答案為C項(xiàng)。10.A.guaranteeB.considerationC.controlD.discussion答案B解析語法功能題。A項(xiàng)“保證,保證書”;B項(xiàng)“考慮,關(guān)心”;C項(xiàng)“控制,掌控”;D項(xiàng)“討論”。根據(jù)上一題的分析可知應(yīng)該選擇B項(xiàng)。under consideration為固定短語,意思是“在考慮之中的”。11.A.changeB.createC.provideD.enter答案D解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“改變”;B項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)建,建立”;C項(xiàng)“提供”;D項(xiàng)“進(jìn)入,輸入”。所以在輸入你的付款密碼買東西之前,問你自己兩個(gè)問題。答案為D項(xiàng)。12.A.needB.tryC.wantD.match答案A解析詞義辨析題。句意:我現(xiàn)在需要嗎?它適合我嗎?根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)該選擇A項(xiàng)。13.A.denyB.prepareC.spareD.serve答案A解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“拒絕,否認(rèn)”;B項(xiàng)“準(zhǔn)備”;C項(xiàng)“勻出,撥出,抽出,節(jié)約”;D項(xiàng)“提供服務(wù),服役,提供飯菜,伺候用餐”?！皵嗌犭x”不僅鼓勵(lì)你自己拒絕物質(zhì)的要求,而且放棄那些以占有為目的的欲望。答案為A項(xiàng)。14.A.fixB.riskC.enrichD.simplify答案D解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“固定,修理”;B項(xiàng)“冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”;C項(xiàng)“使豐富”;D項(xiàng)“簡化”。當(dāng)今,人們需要學(xué)會“簡化”他們的日常生活。答案為D項(xiàng)。15.A.specialB.cheapC.suitableD.optional答案C解析行文邏輯題。A項(xiàng)“特別的,特殊的”;B項(xiàng)“便宜的”;C項(xiàng)“適合的”;D項(xiàng)“可供選擇的”。句意:僅僅買有必要的和適當(dāng)?shù)奈锲?。此處與上一段最后一句“Do I 12 it now?Does it suit me?”相呼應(yīng),所以答案為C項(xiàng)。16.A.discoverB.recycleC.updateD.abandon答案D解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;B項(xiàng)“再循環(huán)”;C項(xiàng)“更新,升級”;D項(xiàng)“放棄”。根據(jù)后一句“you dont need any more”可知,要經(jīng)常地放棄你不再需要的東西。答案為D項(xiàng)。17.A.fuelB.identifyC.killD.balance答案C解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“提供燃料,加燃料”;B項(xiàng)“下定義”;C項(xiàng)“殺死,扼殺”;D項(xiàng)“使平衡”。然而,那并不意味著你應(yīng)該扼殺你的欲望,過一種無趣的生活。答案為C項(xiàng)。18.A.reflect onB.focus onC.give upD.cheer up答案B解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“反思,思考”;B項(xiàng)“關(guān)注”;C項(xiàng)“放棄”;D項(xiàng)“高興起來,興高采烈”。相反,你應(yīng)該關(guān)注你自己,而不是一些物質(zhì)的東西。答案為B項(xiàng)。19.A.choosingB.avoidingC.paringD.mentioning答案A解析詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)“選擇”;B項(xiàng)“避免”;C項(xiàng)“比較”;D項(xiàng)“提到,談到”。通過選擇買什么和放棄什么,你可以看到一個(gè)更深層的自己,因此,要學(xué)會對更重要的事情做明智的決定。答案為A項(xiàng)。20.A.ratherB.otherwiseC.thereforeD.still答案C解析行文邏輯題。根據(jù)上一題的分析可知,前后句之間為因果關(guān)系,所以答案為C項(xiàng)。