2019高考英語 閱讀理解專題選編（6）（含解析）.doc

2019高考英語閱讀理解專題選編（6）ARecently I and other Red Cross volunteers met a group of victims from Hurricane Katrina. We were there, as mental health professionals, to offer psychological first aid and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence. As we walked in the gate to the shelter, we were greeted with a burst of gratitude (感激) from the first person we met. I felt appreciated, but also guilty, because I hadnt really done anything yet.I first realized the power of presence many years ago when a friends mother passed away unexpectedly. I had received a call saying she had just passed away. I wanted to rush down there immediately, but didnt want to intrude (打擾) on this very personal period of sadness. I was torn about what to do. Another friend with me then said, Just go. Just be there. I did, and I will never regret it.Since then, I have not hesitated to be in the presence of others. Once I sat at the bedside of a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDS related dying. He was not awake, and obviously unaware of others presence. However, the atmosphere was by no means solemn. His family, playing guitars and singing, allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive.In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence. In it, none of us are truly alone. It is not only something we give to others but also changes me for the better.1.Why were the hurricane victims grateful to the author?A. He built shelters for them.B. He gave immediate first aid to them.C. He came to stay with them.D. He brought mental health professionals.2.What did the author do when his friends mother passed away?A. He hesitated over whether to go.B. He went to his friends at once.C. He knew what to do instantly.D. He decided not to disturb.3.What does the underlined word solemn in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Heavy but warm. B. A little sad but cosy.C. Relaxing and delightful. D. Very serious and unhappy.4.What has the author learned from his experience?A. A friend in need is a friend indeed.B. Being present can make a big difference.C. The family harmony is the happiest thing in life.D. Being a volunteer can make ones life more significant.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。經(jīng)過幾次出現(xiàn)在諸如災難現(xiàn)場、失去親人的朋友家里等，作者體會到出現(xiàn)產(chǎn)生的巨大力量，因為這不僅幫助了別人，也提高了自己。1.C 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段末we were greeted with a burst of gratitude (感激)from the first person we met.I hadnt really done anything yet.可知，我們只是和他們見面，還沒有做什么，故選C。3.D 【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后一句中His family, playing guitars and singing, allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive.可知，當時氣氛并不嚴肅，故選D。4.B 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第 4 段中In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence.可知，每次的出現(xiàn)都會產(chǎn)生很大的影響，故選B。B(2015呼和浩特第一次調(diào)研)Many people may be surprised by the number of chemicals that they are exposed to through everyday household products.In a study 25 women had their homes and bodies tested for 89 environmental pollutantsincluding pesticides(殺蟲劑) and chemicals found in plastics and cleaning products. On average 20 chemicals were found on their bodies or in their homes.Much is unknown about the possible health effects of chemicals in everyday household products. But certain chemicalslike phthalates (鄰苯二甲酸鹽) found in plasticshave been linked to potential health risks, including higher risks of certain cancers, though the evidence mainly es from research on lab animals. Other household chemicals are known to harm the skin, eyes and airwaysand may worsen asthma(哮喘). Many more chemicals found remain untested.Chemicals likely e from a range of sources, so it is not always clear how to reduce peoples exposure, according to Dr Rebecca Altman, the lead researcher on the new study.In the original study, she noted, women were given advice based on the particular chemicals they were exposed tosuch as using fragrance, free washing liquid and personalcare products.For the current study, Altman and her colleagues interviewed two dozen women whod taken part in the previous study to see how they would react to information about their household chemical exposures. They found that the women were generally surprised at the range of chemicals found in their homes and bodies. They were also surprised that even some banned things were found.With many questions about the health effects of household chemicals unanswered, some experts worry that giving people information about their everyday exposures will cause unnecessary fear. However, the researchers found that the women in their study were typically not alarmed，and instead wanted “more rather than less” information on the issue.1Which of the following statements about chemicals in household products is TRUE?AIt is uncertain what effects some chemicals have on health.BLong term exposure to them is certain to cause a deadly illness.CIn the study it was found that certain chemicals can cause cancers.DSome of them have bad effects on health, while some have good effects.2The underlined word “airways” in Paragraph 3 most probably refers to _Athings that look like fine threads growing in the bodyBthe passage running from your nose and throat to the lungsCthe passage between rows of rooms in a buildingDthe area just inside the front door of a building3Why is it not clear how to reduce exposure to chemicals?ABecause all everyday products contain chemicals.BBecause much is unknown about the sources.CBecause measures have not been tested for their effects.DBecause chemicals e from a variety of sources.4According to Dr Rebecca Altman，_Awomen were more likely to be harmed by chemicalsBit is unnecessary to inform people about the study resultsCfragrant products may contain harmful chemicalsD further study on everyday products should be done immediately【解題導語】本文是一篇說明文，闡述了人們在日常生活中所使用的家居用品中所含的化學成分可能給人的健康帶來的諸多影響。1解析：選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“Much is unknown about the possible health effects of chemicals in everyday household products.”，該段最后一句“Many more chemicals found remain untested.”及文章最后一段第一句“With many questions about the health effects of household chemicals unanswered.”可知，目前家居用品所含的化學成分對人的健康的影響還有很多是不確定的。故答案選A。2解析：選B。詞義猜測題。首先，從構詞法的角度來看，airways由air(空氣)和ways(道路)構成。再根據(jù)其前所并列的skin，eyes可知，airways應該是身體的某組織或器官，再根據(jù)破折號后的“and may worsen asthma(哮喘)”可知，airways指的應是人的呼吸道。故答案選B。3解析：選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“Chemicals likely e from a range of sources，so it is not always clear how to reduce peoples exposure”可知，可能的化學污染源太多、太廣，因此尚不清楚要如何減少化學物質(zhì)對人們的危害。故答案選D。4解析：選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“In the original study.given advice based on the particular chemicals they were exposed tosuch as using fragrance，free washing.”可知，研究者們會根據(jù)婦女可能接觸到的一些特殊的化學物質(zhì)，如芳香劑、免費洗手液和其他個人護理產(chǎn)品提出一些建議。由此可知，有香味的產(chǎn)品可能會含有有害物質(zhì)。故答案選C。C“BEIJING, Sep. 10 (Xinhuanet)The extra-large model baby in the Spain Pavilion (館) was conceived (構思) by a Spanish filmmaker,” Shi Yingying reports. Visitors admiring the 6.5-meter-high giant baby, Miguelin, in the Spain Pavilion may be surprised to realize that it was not the concept of a famous designer or a group of groundbreaking engineers. It came from one filmmakers interpretation of the meaning of “Better City, Better Life”. Spanish director Isabel Coixet developed the idea after being asked to contribute to Expo 2010 Shanghai. “They asked me to do something to tell the Chinese audience about Spain in the future and the first thing jumping to my mind was a baby,” said Coixet. “If we really fight to have better cars, better cities and better lives, its for themfor our children.”Despite her Spanish heritage, Coixet doesnt focus on making Spanish films or using Spain as the setting. Fans of her various award-winning films, including My Life Without Me, The Secret Life of Words and Elegy, may not even be aware of Coixets Spanish background. “The borders between countries are just illusion (假象),” said Coixet. “Some directors feel really fortable telling stories that belong to their territory.”But Coixet feels the opposite: “Im more fortable outside my country. It gives me a strange freedom.”O(jiān)ne of her favorite things about being a director is the freedom. “The thing is that the world is wide and this freedom lets you make films everywhere,” she said. Coixets curiosity took her latest exploration and movie work to Japan. In the movie Map of the Sound of Tokyo, the Catalan actor Sergi Lopez is the owner of a wine shop in Tokyo, and Japanese actress Rinko Kikuchi is a young woman who works both as a fishmonger and as a hired killer. The clash (沖突) of the two peoples very different worlds and the tango-like relationship they develop is just one representation of what Coixet is able to produce by mixing cultures. While she doesnt know if she will shoot a film in Shanghai, two things have caught her attention: Shanghainese women and crickets (蟋蟀). After just arriving in the city, she was surprised by the mix of old Chinese culture in a booming metropolis. “Behind the skyscrapers, there is a flower and bird market with heaps of crickets and birdcages in,” she said. “Im totally amazed with the city.”1. The huge baby represents the idea that . A. our children are the new generation full of imaginationB. our children will develop the friendship between China and SpainC. our children are our futureD. our children will understand the meaning of “Better City, Better Life”2. We learn from the passage that Coixets award-winning films were set. A. only in Spain B. only in JapanC. mainly in the countries outside SpainD. mainly in the countries within Europe 3. According to Isabel Coixet, a flower and bird market behind the high rises. A. shows people in Shanghai are living a rich life spiritually and materiallyB. reflects prosperity of the marketC. indicates the Chinese people are leading a peaceful lifeD. represents the traditional culture of China4. From the passage we can learn that. A. Isabel Coixet is dissatisfied with the design of the extra-large model babyB. a mix of different cultures is reflected in Isabel Coixets filmsC. Isabel Coixet feels less fortable while making films all over the worldD. Isabel Coixet designed the huge baby according to the requirement of a group of engineers【參考答案】CCABD(2015貴陽高三適應性監(jiān)測考試)Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver, I was driving to my parents home in Missouri for Christmas. I stopped at a gas station about 50 miles from Oklahoma City, where I was planning to visit a friend. While I was standing in line at the cash register(收款機), I said hello to an old couple who were also paying for gas.I took off, but had gone only a few miles when black smoke began pouring from the back of my car. I stopped and wondered what I should do. A car pulled up behind me. It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station. They said they would take me to my friends. We chatted on the way into the city, and when I got out of the car, the husband gave me his business card.I wrote him and his wife a thankyou note for helping me. Soon afterwards, I received a Christmas present from them. Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.Years later, I drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning. In the late afternoon I returned to my car and found that Id left the lights on all day, and the battery was dead. Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealershipa shop selling carswas right next door. I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.“Just how friendly is Friendly Ford？” I asked and explained my trouble. They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it. They would accept no payment. When I got home, I wrote them a note to say thanks. I received a letter back from one of the salesmen. No one had ever taken the time to write him and say “thank you”， and it meant a lot, he said.“Thank you”two powerful words. Theyre easy to say and mean so much.1Why did the writer get into the old couples car?AHis parents were in the car. BHis car had broken down.CHis friend told him to do so. DHis cars oil had run out.2From the text, we know that the old couple were _AtalkativeBbrave Ckind Dlonely3What did the old couple think of helping the writer?AThey could get a reward. BIt made their holiday worthy.CThey did it by chance. DIt was due to a thankyou letter.4What would be the best title for the text?AAn Experience to Missouri BAn Old CoupleCA Meaningful Holiday DA Meaningful Thankyou【解題導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過講述兩個自己在遇到困難時得到他人無私幫助的故事，說明了在接受幫助時表達感謝的重要性。1解析：選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“black smoke began pouring from the back of my car”可知，作者的車出故障了，所以他才坐老夫婦的車。故答案選B。2解析：選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二、三段可知，這對老夫婦讓作者搭他們的車去見朋友，作者下車后，老夫婦還給了他一張名片，在作者寄去感謝信后，這對老夫婦給作者寄了一個圣誕禮物，由此可知，這對夫婦很善良。kind意為“善良的”，符合文意。故答案選C。talkative意為“健談的”；brave意為“勇敢的”；lonely意為“孤獨的”，均不符合文意。3解析：選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.”可知，這對老夫婦認為，幫助作者讓他們的假期很有意義，這一切都是值得的。故答案選B。4解析：選D。標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文作者主要講述了兩個自己受到幫助的故事。每一次受到幫助后，作者都會通過寫便條來表達自己對他們的感謝?！案兄x”二字雖然說起來容易，但是意義重大。由此可知，D項“一個有意義的感謝”概括出了文章的主旨，最適合做這篇文章的標題。故答案選D。E“Stop making excuses for him，Mom，”I said.“But maybe he is feeling unwell.” Mom said.“Maybe nothing，” I interrupted.I had been tending Mom since her health began to decline and this would be the first time in a year that my husband and I had a night out together.Jerry had promised to stay with Mom.But again he let us down.And more often than not，his drinking had a lot to do with it.His irresponsibility upset me.I remembered our happy growingup years in a small town in West Virginia.With good family education，Jerry had been a kind kid.He was only 15 when Dad died.Unlike him，I got over the sorrow soon，but he started drinking.Soon he began hanging out with bad guys.Jerry and I didnt see each other often，but we talked on the phone.Usually，though，we ended up fighting.When Mom came to live with us，Jerry dropped in regularly at first，but after a while his visits became sporadic.He explained he couldnt handle seeing Mom in such a bad condition.Another excuse，I thought.One day I went to see the doctor about my back.It had been aching for months.“I cant find anything wrong with you physically，”the doctor said.“But I can tell youre very tense.Is something bothering you？” I poured out my story about Jerry.“Do you think hes likely to change？” he asked.I shrugged.“Probably not.”“But，you can，”he said gently.Me？Why did I have to change？He was the one who constantly let us down.But what had I done？Maybe the doctor was right.I couldnt love his behavior，but I could love himthe way I did when we were little.As I walked into the house I sensed a relief.Jerry died young due to drinking.I miss him.But Im grateful I was given the opportunity to show him I loved himas he was，not as I wanted him to be.【語篇解讀】愛一個人，并不意味著他很完美。有時，即便他有著讓人難以忍受的缺點，也要學會去愛愛他不是因為他是你所期望的那樣，而是愛他本人。1When Jerry failed to carry out his promise that night，his mother_.Afelt very angryBtried to defend himCwas indifferent about itDphoned him to ask him to e back解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Stop making excuses for him，Mom，” I said.“But maybe he is feeling unwell.”可推斷，答案為B。答案：B2Jerry got into the habit of drinking mainly because_.Ahe was influenced by bad guysBhis mom left to live with his sisterCnobody cared for him after his father diedDhe couldnt get over the sadness of losing his father解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Unlike him，I got over the sorrow soon，but he started drinking可知，答案為D。答案：D3The underlined word “sporadic” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_”Aoccasional BfrequentCformal Dunpleasant解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)句中Jerry dropped in regularly at first，but.可判斷，剛開始Jerry經(jīng)常來看望媽媽，但不久就很少來了，故答案為A。答案：A4What did the author think of the doctors suggestion at first?AIt was acceptable. BIt gave her much hope.CIt was unreasonable. DIt made her confused.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段Me？Why did I have to change？He was the one who constantly let us down.可推斷，答案為C。答案：C5Whats the main idea of the passage?ALove can help a person give up bad habits.BToo much tension will destroy a persons health.CWe shouldnt expect too much of a person.DWe should try to love a person as he is.解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)末段But Im grateful I was given the opportunity to show him I loved himas he was，not as I wanted him to be可推斷，愛一個人，要愛他本人，而不是因為他是你期望的那樣，故答案為D。答案：D