中西文化差異英文PPT.ppt

TheDifferencebetweenChineseandWesternCulture,Contents,1.GreetingandParting2.Addressing3.ComplimentsandResponses4.ThanksandResponses5.AskingPersonalAffairs6.Invitation,1.GreetingandParting,InChina,whenpeoplemeetacquaintancesorfriends,wealwayssay,“Haveyoueatenyet?”Whatareyougoingtodo?”InEnglish,peopleoftenemploythefollowingexpressionstogreeteachother“Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.“Fineday,isntit?”Howiseverythinggoing?”,etc,WesternandChinesecultureshavediversewaystodealwithleave-takings,Westernpeoplealwaystrytomaketheirleavingsoundreluctantbyfindingsomereasonsandapologizeforittomaketheleavingacceptableforbothparties.Theyoftensignalseveraltimesbeforeleaving.Suchas,1.“IamafraidImustbeoff,Ihaveto”2.“Well,itsbeennicetoseeyouagain.Idoenjoyourtalkandthelovelydinner,butImustbegoingsoon”.3.“Thankyouverymuchforaskingmeover.Ihopewellbeabletogettogetheragainbeforelong”,2.Addressing,InChina,thesurnamecomesfirstandthenthegivenname.,Whilewesternersnamesarewrittenandspokenwiththegivennamefirstandthefamilynamelast.,East&West,Inwest,Althoughtheyaredifferentinageandstatus,theycancalltheotherdirectly,namely,theirnames,evenfirstnames.Theydemonstratethesenseofintimacyandtheconceptionof”Everyoneiscreatedequal”,Ineast,chineseuse“title+surname”toaddresstheirsuperiororeldersratherthancallthemsurnames,whilethesuperiororelderscalltheaddresserstheirnames.Otherwise,theaddressermaybeconsideredasillmannered,illeducatedorrude.,3.ComplimentsandResponses,Forexample,ifahostessiscomplimentedforhercookingskill,howwillsheresponseinwestandchina?,East&West,AChinesehostesswillapologizeforgivingyou“Nothing”.Shewillsay“Ijustmadesomedishescasuallyandtheyarenotverytasty.”Anwesternhostessislikelytosay,”O(jiān)h,Iamsogladthatyoulikedit.Icookitespeciallyforyou.”,Whatcanweseefromit?,TheAmericansare“straightforwardness”,theChinesetakepridein“modesty”.Intheresponsetocompliments.Chinesearetendtoeffacethemselvesinwordsorrefuseit,althoughtheydofeelcomfortableaboutthecompliments.,4.ThanksandResponses,InChina,“Thankyou”isnotfrequentlyusedbetweenintimatefriendsandfamilymembers,becauseitmayimplyacertaindistancebetweentheaddresserandtheaddressee.,But,“Thankyou”iswidelyusedinEnglishtoshowgratitudeinsuchcasesasbeinginvited,helped,givenagift,etc.,Examples,Example1:Ononeoccasion,aforeignstudentsoonafterarrivingattheChinastutteringinchinesesaid:"whyareyoualwaysaskmetoeatamealyet?Ihavemoney."Hethoughtthatpeoplealwaysask“Doyouhaveameal?"Becauseitwasafraidthathehadnomoneytohaveameal.Hesobviouslyangryforthiskindoftalk.,Example2:IntheUnitedStates,ayoungChinesewoman,wearingabeautifuldress.Whensomeonesaidtoher"yourdressisreallyelegant.Thecolorisverybeautiful".TheyoungChinesewomanwasveryhappy,butsomeembarrassed,asChinesecustomsreplied:"itisacommonclothes,IboughtinChina".,5.AskingPersonalAffairs,PeoplefromChinadonotregarditasaskingpersonalaffairswhentheyaskothersname,age,maritalstatus,wages,personallife,beliefandpoliticalpoints.Itisregardasconcerns.Whilethewesternswillthinkyouviolatetheirrightofprivacy.,East&West,Whenwetalktothewesterns,wemustavoidaskingsomequestionslikethis:1、“Howoldareyou?”2、“Areyoumarried？”3、“Howmanychildrendoyouhave？”4、“Howmuchdoyoumake？”5、“Doyougotothechurch？”,6.Invitation,InthecultureofBritishandAmerica,itisveryimportanttoconsultatimebeforeyouinvitesomebodytoattendabanquetortakepartinsocialactivities.Especally,inAmerica,invitesomebodymeansyouareborrowtimesofothers.Sotheyrespecttimeverymuch.WhileinChina,peopleareprefertoanuninvitedguest.,Otherthingsaboutwesternfamilies,1、Westernfamiliesadvocateequalityindailylife.Thehusbandandthewifeusuallyhaveanequalityvoiceindecision-making,andoncertainmatters,thechildrenhaveavote,too.2、Inthewestern,mostoldpeopledonotlivewiththeirchildrenorrelatives.3、Iftheyhaveenoughmoneytheywillbuyhouseorapartmentsinplaceswhereotheroldpeoplelive.Iftheydonothealthyandstrongenoughtolivealone,theywouldratherliveinnursinghousesforoldpeoplethanbetakenbytheirchildren.Thereforetheywanttostayyoungbecauseyouthstandsforhopeandenergy,theydonotliketogrowoldbecausetheywillnotgainhonor,respectorattentionasoldpeople.,Differentculturalfactorsmayresultinculturaldifferences.,Forexample:1.CulturalBackground2.Differentvalues3.IndividualismandCollectivism4.Family5.Nationalism,Summary,ThankYou!,