中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) S（一）開(kāi)頭詞匯（二）講義.doc

中考一輪復(fù)習(xí) S（一）開(kāi)頭詞匯（二）（講義）以字母 S 開(kāi)頭的單詞side /sad/n. 邊，旁邊，面，側(cè)面；一方(的意見(jiàn)；態(tài)度；立場(chǎng)) side by side 并排地；并肩地There were two children ahead, walking side by side. from side to side 從左到右；從一邊到另一邊He shook his head slowly from side to side. 他慢慢地?fù)u了搖頭。south /sa/n. 南，南方；南部the south (某國(guó)的)南部，南方in the south 在南方adj. 南(方)的；向南的；從南來(lái)的on the south coast 在南海岸South Africa 南非adv. 向南The swallows fly south in the winter. 冬季燕子向南飛。southern /s()n/adj. 南方的；南部的 southwest /,sawest/n. 西南，西南方；西南部adj. 來(lái)自西南方的；位于西南部的southwestern /,sawestn/adj. 位于(來(lái)自)西南部的second /sek()nd/num. 第二的the second roomadv. 以第二名；第二，其次同義詞：secondlyadv. 第二；其次n. 秒second hand 秒針minute hand 分針hour hand 時(shí)針second-hand /skndhnd/adj. 二手的；間接得來(lái)的second-hand cars 二手車second-hand opinions 拾人牙慧的觀點(diǎn)adv. 二手地I bought the camera second-hand.Saturday /stde/n. 星期六Sunday /snde/n. 星期日September /septemb/n. 九月season /siz()n/n. 季節(jié)；季the dry / rainy season 旱季/雨季be in season 當(dāng)令的；在旺季的be out of season 不合時(shí)令的；在淡季的spring /spr/n. 春天，春季；泉水，泉summer /sm/n. 夏季；夏天shower /a/n. 淋??；陣雨take / have a shower 洗淋浴We were caught in a heavy shower.storm /stm/n. 風(fēng)暴；暴風(fēng)雨；暴風(fēng)雪snow /sn/n. 雪heavy snow 大雪as white as snow 雪白的v. 下雪Its been snowing heavily all day. 大雪下了一整天。snowy /sn/adj. 被雪覆蓋的；下雪多的；雪白的snowy hair 白發(fā)snowman /snmn/n. 雪人pl. snowmensun /sn/n. 陽(yáng)光；太陽(yáng)in the sun 在陽(yáng)光下We sat in the sun. 我們坐在陽(yáng)光下。under the sun (事物數(shù)量很大) 天下；全世界We talked about everything under the sun. 天南地北，我們無(wú)所不談。sunny /sn/adj. 睛朗的；陽(yáng)光充足的；快樂(lè)的 (sunnier; sunniest) a sunny day 陽(yáng)光明媚的日子a sunny smile 快樂(lè)的微笑sunshine /snan/n. 陽(yáng) 光 Usunglasses /snglsz/n. 太陽(yáng)鏡sky /ska/n. 天；天空 C, Usky 一般被看作是不可數(shù)名詞，用作單數(shù)，如: Can you see those birds high up in the sky?There were little white clouds high in the blue sky.但是，當(dāng)把 sky 部分化時(shí)(如說(shuō)倫敦的天空時(shí))，或者受形容詞修飾時(shí)，或者涉及到天氣時(shí)， 就可以使用 skies。例如:The night skies of London flare with rockets.煙火在倫敦的夜空中輝閃。a day of rain and cloudy skies 有雨多云的一天It was a sunny Sunday, with cloudless blue skies and a pleasantly refreshing breeze.star /st/n. 星；恒星sight /sat/n. 視力U；景象，情景C；風(fēng)景(sights) She has very good sight.The bus became a familiar sight to local residents. Were going to Paris for the weekend to see the sights. at first sight 乍一看；初看時(shí)not let sb. out of ones sight 讓某人留在自己眼皮底下Since the accident, Donna hasnt let the children out of her sight. out of sight, out of mind 眼不見(jiàn)，心不煩sightseeing /satsi/n. 觀光；游覽 U go sightseeing 去觀光sign /san/n. 跡象，征兆；標(biāo)志；記號(hào)Headaches may be a sign of stress. 頭痛可能是緊張的跡象。The sign on the wall said Now wash your hands. 墻上的牌子寫著“請(qǐng)洗手”。a plus/minus sign (+/) 加/減號(hào)symbol /smb()l/n. 象征；符號(hào)，記號(hào)a symbol of的象征This is a symbol of good luck.The long noodles are a symbol of long life.social /s()l/adj. 社會(huì)的；社交的society /ssat/n. 社會(huì)socialist society 社會(huì)主義社會(huì)strike /strak/v. (struck; struck 或 struck; stricken) 撞；打，擊；罷工Strike while the iron is hot. 趁熱打鐵The tree was struck by lightning. 樹(shù)遭到雷擊。n. 罷工；打；擊the train drivers strike 火車司機(jī)罷工a strike by teachers 教師舉行的罷課survey /sve/n. 調(diào)查school /skul/n. 學(xué)校 schoolwork /skulwk/n. 學(xué)校作業(yè)；功課 schoolbag /skulb/n. 書包scarf /skf/n. (pl. scarfs / scarves) 圍巾；披巾；頭巾subject /sbdekt/n. 題目，主題；學(xué)科；主語(yǔ)science /sans/n. 科學(xué)；理科science fiction 科幻小說(shuō)(或影片等)science students 理科學(xué)生文科 artscientific /santfk/adj. 科學(xué)(上)的；細(xì)致嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)膕cientist /santst/n. 科學(xué)家score /sk/n. 得分；分?jǐn)?shù)the final score 最終得分Whats the score? 得分/比分是多少？v. (游戲或比賽中) 得分score a point/goal 得分sentence /sent()ns/n. 句子；判決to be under sentence of death 被判處死刑v. 判決；宣判sentence . to death 判處死刑standard /stndd/n. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；水平Mary did homework carefully to meet the standards of a strict teacher.adj. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的；規(guī)范的standard English 規(guī)范的英語(yǔ)speech /spit/n. 演講；發(fā)言make / give a speech on sth. 發(fā)表關(guān)于的演講/就問(wèn)題發(fā)表演講skill /skl/n. 技能；技巧reading / writing skills 閱讀/寫作技巧spirit /sprt/n. 精神，心靈；情緒(spirtis)The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. in spirit 在內(nèi)心里，在精神上I cant come to your wedding but Ill be there in spirit. in high/low spirits 情緒高/低stress /stres/n. 精神壓力；物理壓力；強(qiáng)調(diào)，重要性 C, U under pressure/stress 在壓力之下Kids these days already have enough stress from school. My parents give me a lot of pressure about school.v. 強(qiáng)調(diào)；重讀He stressed the importance of a good education. In French, the last syllable is usually stressed.stressed /strst/adj. 焦慮不安；心力交瘁stressed out 極度焦慮的；非常緊張疲憊的Are you stressed out each time you have a test?self-improvement /selfimpru:vmnt/n. 自我改進(jìn)；自我提高M(jìn)any resolutions have to do with self-improvement.sense /sens/n. 感覺(jué)；意識(shí)a sense of humor 幽默感v. 感覺(jué)到；意識(shí)到The music was strangely beautiful, but under the beauty I sensed a strong sadness and pain.這首音樂(lè)異常的美，但是在這美的背后，我感覺(jué)到了強(qiáng)烈的悲傷和痛苦。shame /em/n. 羞愧U；遺憾的事sing. (a shame) Its a shame you have to leave so soon.What a shame! =What a pity! 真遺憾！shame on you/him (責(zé)備時(shí)說(shuō))真丟臉，真不害臊bring shame on sb. 使蒙羞Youve brought shame on this family. 你已經(jīng)使這個(gè)家庭蒙羞了。v. 使羞愧shame sb. into doing sth. 使某人羞愧不得不做某事She shamed her father into promising more help. 她使父親感到慚愧，只好答應(yīng)多給她些幫助。surprise /spraz/n. 驚奇；意外 U, C in surprise 驚訝地She looked up in surprise. 她驚訝地抬起頭。to ones surprise 使驚訝的；出乎的意料To our surprise, he is our teachers husband. get a surprise 吃驚The next morning, my sister and I got a terrible surprise. When we looked out of our tent, we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire.v. 使驚奇；使詫異The children surprise the parents. surprisedadj. 驚奇的；感到意外的 surprisingadj. 令人驚奇的silence /salns/n. 寂靜；沉默in silence 沉默地My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.silentadj. 寂靜的；沉默的keep/stay/remain silent 保持沉默silentlyadv. 默默地；悄悄地；無(wú)聲地代詞she /i/pron. 她several /sev()r()l/det. 幾個(gè)；數(shù)個(gè)；一些several hours 幾個(gè)小時(shí)pron. 幾個(gè)；數(shù)個(gè)；一些Several of the paintings were destroyed in the fire.adj. 各自的；分別的They said goodbye and went their several ways.他們道別后，便各自走了。some /sm/det. 一些，若干；有些；好些，不少的；某一詞組辨析：some times 幾次：I have been to the Great Wall some times.sometimes 有時(shí)；不時(shí)：He sometimes writes to me.some time (好長(zhǎng))一段時(shí)間：Were going to be working together for some time (=a long time).sometime 在某時(shí)：I saw him sometime last summer. / We must get together sometime.pron. 有些人；有些事物不論作為限定詞還是代詞，some 都可表示“一些；若干”，此時(shí)：some 常用于肯定句和預(yù)料會(huì)得到肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句，而在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中通常用 any。someday /smde/adv. 將來(lái)會(huì)有一天，有朝一日 (=some day) Maybe someday Ill be rich!somebody /smbd/n. 重要人物pron. 某人；有人 (=someone)He thought himself somebody, but we thought him nobody.something /sm/pron. 某事；某物 There is something wrong with the computer. Give me something to do. 給我點(diǎn)活兒干吧。something interestingsomewhere /smhw/adv. 在某處；到某處Can we go somewhere warm?somewhere 和 anywhere 的區(qū)別與 some 和 any 的區(qū)別相同副、介、連、數(shù)詞等seldom /seldm/adv. 很少；不常；罕見(jiàn)She seldom reads newspapers.sudden /sd()n/adj. 突然的all of a sudden 突然，出乎意料的 (=suddenly)The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers were brought to a safe place.suddenly /sd()nl/adv. 突然；猛地such /st/pron. 這樣的人(事物)；上述的人(事物)A Welsh (威爾士人的) victory had been predicted and such indeed was the result.Such of you as wish to leave may do so now. 想離開(kāi)的人現(xiàn)在都可以走了。det. 這樣的，那樣的；非常，如此程度such+名詞這樣的；如此 Theres no such thing as a free lunch.Its such a beautiful day! 天氣多么好哇！such as 例如I like drinks such as tea and soda.suchthat 如此以至于It was such a fine day that nobody wanted to stay at home.so /s/adv. 如此；非常；也，同樣；的確如此如此以至于：so + adj. / adv.+ that&such + n.+ that The boy was so honest that everyone liked him.He was such an honest boy that everyone liked him. “Is he coming?”“I hope so.” (我希望如此)“Did they mind?”“I dont think so.” (我不認(rèn)為如此。)I might be away next week. If so, I wont be able to see you. (if so: 如果是這樣的話) “so/nor/neither +情/助/系+主語(yǔ)”意為：某人也(不)是(如此)“Tom works hard.”“So does Lily.”(莉莉也是。)“Tom doesnt work hard.”“Neither does Lily /Nor does Lily/(Lily neither).”(莉莉也不。) “I dont know.”“Neither do I/Nor do I/(Me neither).”(我也不知道。)“so +主語(yǔ)+情/助/系”意為：是的，的確是這樣“Tom works hard.”“So he does.” (的確如此。)and so on等等We discussed everythingwhen to go, what to see and so on. so far 到目前為止；迄今為止What do you think of the show so far?so as to do sth. 為了/以便做某事We went early so as to get good seats. so much for sth. 關(guān)于就講這么多；到此為止So much for the situation in France. Now we turn our attention to Russia.conj. 因此；所以so (that)為了；以便I work hard so that I can enter a good high school. so what? 那又怎么樣呢？Hes fifteen years younger than you!So what?soon /sun/adv. 不久；很快；一會(huì)兒as soon as 一就 (引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)As soon as the moon rises, we can follow them instead.My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV. as soon as possible = as soon as sb can 盡快Well deliver the goods as soon as we can. 我們將盡快交貨。Please send it as soon as possible. 請(qǐng)盡快把它寄出去。sooner or later 遲早，總有一天Sooner or later you will have to make a decision.How soon?多久之后In a week.still /stl/adv. 仍然，還；不過(guò)Mum, Im still hungry!Although he promised faithfully to come, I still didnt think he would.adj. 靜止的；平靜的Keep still while I brush your hair. 我給你梳頭時(shí)你不要?jiǎng)印ant you sit still? 你就不能老老實(shí)實(shí)坐一會(huì)兒?jiǎn)?？still water 平靜的水面Still waters run deep. 靜水流深。(木訥寡言者也許胸藏丘壑。)since /sns/prep. 從以來(lái)since then 自那以來(lái)I havent eaten since breakfast.conj. 從以來(lái)；因?yàn)?；既然Where have you been since I last saw you.Since you cant answer, you can ask someone else for help.adv. 從那以后He left home two weeks ago and we havent heard from him since.six /sks/num.六第六 sixthat sixes and sevens亂七八糟sixteen /skstin/num.十六第十六 sixteenthsixty /skst/num.六十第六十 sixtiethseven /sev()n/num.七第七seventhseventeen /sev()ntin/num.十七第十七seventeenthseventy /sev()nt/num.七十第七十seventieth與字母 S 相關(guān)的諺語(yǔ)A still tongue makes a wise head.A good reputation sits still; a bad one runs about. A good tree is a good shelter.All rivers run into the sea.All things in their being are good for something. It is the first step that costs the most.精講精練一、單項(xiàng)選擇()1. Listen! Theresomeoneat the door.It must be your sister.A. is; knockingB. is; knockC. are; knockingD. are; knock()2. At times an ad can lead you to buy something you dont need at all. So you have to becareful. 選出與劃線部分意義最相近的解釋 A. SometimeB. SometimesC. Some timeD. Some times ()3. Anna has learned a lot by reading English fictions. , and .A. So has she; so have youB. So has she; so you haveC. So she has; so you haveD. So she has; so have you()4.exciting news! We have never hadlong vacation before.A. What; such aB. What an; such aC. How; such aD. What; so a ()5. Well travel to different places this winter vacation. Enjoy your trip! .A. The same to youB. Yes, Id love toC. Me, tooD. Very well, thank you二、根據(jù)提示完成句子1. She(突然) found herself being talked about in all the newspapers.2. 我驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)他今天穿著一件最時(shí)髦的夾克。I wasthat he wore a jacket in the latesttoday.3. 從五月起，北京允許盲人乘客與導(dǎo)盲犬一起乘坐地鐵。Starting from May, Beijing allows blind passengerswith their guide dogs.4. 令我驚訝的是，他已收到那所大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)的來(lái)信了。 , he has already _from the principal of the university.5. Mr. Smith and his wife seldom drive their car to work, ? (完成反意疑句)【參考答案】與字母 S 相關(guān)的諺語(yǔ)1. 沉默者有智慧。2. 好名不出門，惡名傳四方。3. 枝葉茂盛的大樹(shù)是躲避風(fēng)雨的好去處。 / 大樹(shù)底下好乘涼。4. 條條江河歸大海。5. 天生我才必有用。6. 萬(wàn)事開(kāi)頭難。精講精練一、單項(xiàng)選擇15：ABDAA二、根據(jù)提示完成句子1. suddenly2. surprised, style/fashion 3. to take the subway/underground/metro4. to my surprise, heard5. do they