2019-2020年高考英語優(yōu)等生百日闖關(guān)系列 專題01 1Unit1-Unit2高頻詞匯分類解讀.doc

2019-2020年高考英語優(yōu)等生百日闖關(guān)系列 專題01 1Unit1-Unit2高頻詞匯分類解讀根據(jù)中等生基礎(chǔ)知識不牢固的特點，將基礎(chǔ)知識以2-3個單元為一講，突出?？紗卧~的背誦和用法區(qū)別。由于單選題退出大部分省份的英語試卷，所以這部分重點強調(diào)學(xué)練結(jié)合。集中識記?？嫉耐晷翁羁赵~匯；常考的閱讀中出現(xiàn)的詞匯；?？嫉臅姹磉_(dá)中的句型。完形詞匯重在詞語的詳細(xì)意思和詞匯辨析；閱讀詞匯重在記住詞義即可，但數(shù)量要大；書面表達(dá)句型重在在句子中背誦，力爭背過的句子在話題中有高頻的出現(xiàn)幾率。這樣可以大面積、迅速地提高成績。聚焦少而精的知識，直接對接高考。練習(xí)重在做到有的放矢，基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)以單詞拼寫、單詞填空或短文填空為主。能力提升一定要由淺入深，讓他們有成就感，迅速進(jìn)入狀態(tài)。句型復(fù)習(xí)采用翻譯句子+背誦范文的方法。詞匯基礎(chǔ)知識狂背：I.?？嫉耐晷翁羁赵~匯及短語：（注意它們在完形中出現(xiàn)的幾率極高，完形30分志在必得，現(xiàn)在開始狂背。）（1）詞匯1.ignorev不顧，不理，忽視Tom is always saying Im ugly，MomJust ignore himYou are the most beautiful in my eyes湯姆總是說我很丑，媽媽。不管他，你在我眼中是最漂亮的。（多好的句子啊，背過吧?。?.concernvt.(使)擔(dān)憂；涉及；關(guān)系到n關(guān)注；擔(dān)心；(利害)關(guān)系He is always concerned about the people around him. 他總是很關(guān)心周圍的人。He asked several questions concerning the future of the pany. 他問了幾個有關(guān)公司前途的問題。3. series n. 系列；連續(xù)There was a series of car accidents at the crossing this morning.今天早晨在十字路口發(fā)生了一連串的交通事故?！疽谆煲族e】 (1)series 屬于單復(fù)數(shù)同形的單詞，類似的單詞還有 means, species, works(工廠)，deer, fish, sheep 等。(2)“a series of復(fù)數(shù)名詞”做主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，但“these/those series of復(fù)數(shù)名詞”做主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。4.calmvt.&vi.(to make or bee quiet)(使)平靜；(使)鎮(zhèn)定adj.平靜的；鎮(zhèn)定的，沉著的We must be calm before danger. 在危險面前我們必須保持鎮(zhèn)定。I think you should calm down. 我覺得你應(yīng)該冷靜下來。5.exactlyadv.確切地，精確地；恰好地，正好地；(用于答語)一點兒不錯，確實如此Tell me exactly where she lives. 告訴我她的確切住址。Thats exactly what I expected. 那正是我所期待的。6.settle vi. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居；安排；解決They settled their quarrel in a friendly way. 他們友好地解決了他們的爭端。7.advicenU忠告；勸告；建議He gave me some advice. 他給了我一些建議。I advise you to start at once.我建議你立刻出發(fā)。8.basevt.以為起點，以為根據(jù)n基部；基礎(chǔ)；基地，地基This story is based on facts.這故事是有事實根據(jù)的。The pany is based in Shanghai.該公司總部設(shè)在上海。9mandn&vt.命令；指令；掌握He manded his men to go out.他命令手下出去。He manded that we (should) e at once.他命令我們立刻來。10.requestn& vt.請求；要求She made a request for some water.她請求給她點水。at ones request/at the request of sb 應(yīng)某人的請求request sb to do sth 請求某人做某事 request that(should) do 請求11.recognizevt.辨認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)；公認(rèn)I dont recognize this word.What does it mean?我不認(rèn)識這個單詞。它是什么意思？recognize ones voice/handwriting/sb辨別出某人的聲音/筆跡/某人12.straightadv.直接；挺直adj.直的；筆直的；正直的Draw a straight line.畫一條直線。Stand up straight.站直了。（2）短語1. It upsets sb. that 讓某人心煩的是It upset her that he had left without saying goodbye. 他的不辭而別讓她心情沮喪?！疽谆煲族e】upset的過去式和過去分詞是：upset2.be concerned about/over/for 關(guān)心，掛念Our workmate has been in danger. Were all concerned about his health.我們的工友有危險，我們都關(guān)心他的健康。3.as/so far as. be concerned 就而言No news is good news as far as I am concerned. 我覺得沒有消息就是好消息。4.recover from sth. 從中恢復(fù)到正常狀態(tài)He is still recovering from his operation. 手術(shù)后，他仍在恢復(fù)之中。5.suffer from 受折磨，受之苦；患疾病Hes suffering from a bad cold.他正患重感冒。6.go through經(jīng)受，經(jīng)歷；通過；檢查The poor girl has gone through such a lot since her parents died.那位可憐的女孩自從父母過世后經(jīng)歷了許多苦難。Can you go through this exam?你能通過這次考試嗎？7.be/get/grow crazy about對狂熱/癡迷Young people in Britain are crazy about Harry Potter.英國的年輕人對哈利波特的喜愛近乎狂熱。be crazy to do sth做某事是瘋狂的You are crazy to buy a car at such a high price. It is crazy of you to buy a car at such a high price. 這么高的價格買輛車你瘋了。8. on purposepurposely故意(地)Im sorry. Im not on purpose.抱歉，我不是故意的。Maybe he does this on purpose.也許他是故意這么做的。9.face to face面對面地We finally stood face to face. 我們終于面對面地站在了一起。During the storm I came face to face with death. 在暴風(fēng)雨中我與死神只有一步之遙。10.get/be tired of對厭煩，厭倦 Im tired of this boring life. 我受夠了這種枯燥的生活。 11.join in參加，加入join in (doing) sth 加入某人（做）某事I asked John to join me in my walking.我邀請約翰和我一起散步。12 because of因為，由于She was angry because of what he said.因為他說的話她生氣了。 John didnt attend the meeting because of his illness.John didnt attend the meeting because he was ill.約翰沒有出席會議是因為他病了。13e up走近；上來；提出；破土而出，發(fā)芽；出現(xiàn)Your question came up at the meeting. 你的問題在會議上被提出來了。Ill let you know if anything es up. 如果有任何事情發(fā)生，我會告訴你的。14.make use of利用；使用We should make use of the chance. 我們應(yīng)該利用這次機會。make the best of充分利用make good/full use of 好好利用；充分利用15even ifWell make a trip even if/though its bad. 即使天氣不好，我們也要去旅行。Even if (Im) invited, I will not attend his wedding. 即使被邀請，我也不去參加他的婚禮。16such as例如；像這種的He can speak several languages, such as English and Japanese. 他能說幾種語言，如英語和日語。17play a part (in)扮演一個角色；參與；(在中)起作用Science plays an important part/role in developing production.科學(xué)在提高產(chǎn)量上起著重要的作用。18at present現(xiàn)在，目前She lives in France at present.目前她住在法國。（3）易混易錯點撥1. calm/quiet/still/silent這幾個詞都與“靜”有關(guān)，但它們所描述的物體、場合是不同的。(1)calm常指“天氣平靜，無風(fēng)；海無浪；鎮(zhèn)定，無憂慮；鎮(zhèn)定自若”，強調(diào)外表的平靜。(2)quiet表示“靜止的；寧靜的；不激動，沒有煩惱、憂慮的”，強調(diào)沒有干擾，沒有興奮活動或鬧聲的“寧靜”或“心神安逸”。(3)still表示“靜止不動的/地”“平靜的/地”，突出不發(fā)出動作。(4)silent表示“聲音極小的，沉默的，寡言的”。(1)Ask the children to make less noise and keep _.(2)Although she was frightened, she answered in a _ voice.(3)John is a _， thoughtful boy.(4)Please stand _ while I am ready to take the photograph.Quiet calm silent still2. power/right/strength/force/energy(1)power主要指做事所依靠的能力、功能，也可指人或機器等事物潛在的或發(fā)揮出來的力量，還可指職權(quán)、權(quán)力或政權(quán)。(2)right指“權(quán)利”。(3)strength指固有的潛力。說人時，指“力氣”，說物時，指“強度”。(4)force主要指自然界的力量；暴力、勢力以及法律、道德或感情的力量；軍事力量等。(5)energy主要指人的精力或自然界中的能量。(1)Youll need to apply all your _ to this job.(2)You have no _ to treat me like this.(3)Congress has _ to declare war.(4)The _ of the explosion broke all the windows.(5)A washing machine is a saver of time and _.Energy right power force strength3. join in/take part in/attend/join(1)join in指參加正在進(jìn)行著的活動，如游戲、討論、辯論、談話等。也可用 join sb. in doing sth.。(2)take part in指參加會議或群眾性活動，并在其中發(fā)揮一定的作用。part 前若有修飾語，要加不定冠詞。(3)attend正式用語，指參加會議、儀式、婚禮、上課、上學(xué)、聽報告等，重在強調(diào)“參與”的動作，不強調(diào)參加者的作用。(4)join指參加某組織或團(tuán)體，并成為其一員。其賓語往往是 the army/Party/team/club/sb.。(1)Would you _ us _ the game?(2)All the students _ school activities.(3)There are many people _ the meeting.(4)My brother _ the army last year.Join in took an active part in attending joined4. recognize/realize/know(1)recognize 指原來很熟悉，經(jīng)過一段時間的間隔或別的原因后又重新認(rèn)出來。(2)realize 強調(diào)在經(jīng)過一個過程后的了解。(3)know 是延續(xù)性動詞，指互相間十分熟悉、十分了解。(1)Only after you lose your health will you _ the importance of health.(2)Ive _ Tom for years.(3)I _ him as soon as he came into the room.Realize known recognized5. such as/for example/that is/and so on(1)such as 用于列舉事物時常放在所列舉事物與前面的名詞之間，且其后不用逗號，直接跟所列舉的事物，可與 like互換。它所列舉的事物的數(shù)量不能等同于前面所提的事物的總和，否則就用 that is或 namely。(2)for example 主要用于舉例說明，其前后多用符號隔開。其位置比較靈活，可位于句首、句中或句末(such as只能位于所列舉的事物之前)。(3)that is 相當(dāng)于 namely，它所列舉的事物的總量等于前面所提到的事物的總和。(4)and so on 對幾個事物進(jìn)行列舉時，在說了其中的幾個以后，用.and so on進(jìn)行概括，說明還有例子，但不一一列出了。(1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, _， Chinese, maths, English and PE.(2)Overcooking, _， destroys many nutrients.(3)He can speak some other languages, _ French and German.(4)There are some books, pens, erasers _ in my bag.that is for example such as and so onII.?？嫉拈喿x理解詞匯及短語：（它們在閱讀中出現(xiàn)的幾率極高，閱讀40分志在必得，現(xiàn)在開始狂背喲。）Unit 1have got to 不得不；必須loose adj. 松的；松開的outdoors adv. 在戶外；在野外dusk n. 黃昏；傍晚thunder vi. 打雷；雷鳴n雷；雷聲entire adj. 整個的；完全的；全部的entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整個地power n. 能力；力量；權(quán)力curtain n. 窗簾；門簾；幕布dusty adj. 積滿灰塵的partner n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人loneliness n. 孤單；寂寞highway n. 公路；大路recover vi. & vt. 痊愈；恢復(fù)；重新獲得suitcase n. 手提箱；衣箱teenager n. 十幾歲的青少年disagree vi. 不同意grateful adj. 感激的；表示謝意的dislike n. & vt. 不喜歡；厭惡tip n. 提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小費vt. 傾斜；翻倒secondly adv. 第二；其次swap vt. 交換Unit 2elevator n. 電梯；升降機petrol n. <英>汽油（=<美>gasoline）official adj. 官方的；正式的；公務(wù)的voyage n. 航行；航海native adj. 本國的；本地的n. 本地人；本國人apartment n. <美> 公寓住宅；單元住宅actually adv. 實際上；事實上gradual adj. 逐漸的；逐步的gradually adv. 逐漸地；逐步地vocabulary n. 詞匯；詞匯量；詞表spelling n. 拼寫；拼法latter adj. 較后的；后半的；（兩者中）后者的identity n. 本身；本體；身份fluent adj. 流利的；流暢的fluently adv. 流利地；流暢地frequent adj. 頻繁的；常見的frequently adv. 常常；頻繁地expression n. 詞語；表示；表達(dá)midwestern adj. 中西部的有中西部特性的eastern adj. 東方的；東部的southeastern adj. 東南方的；來自東南的northwestern adj. 西北方的；來自西北的lorry n. <英>卡車（=<美>truck）lightning n. 閃電block n. 街區(qū)；塊；木塊；石塊cab n. 出租車III.重點句型背誦1.when, while, if, as if, though, as, where, unless等連詞(詞組)引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，如果謂語動詞有be，而主語又跟主句的主語相同或為it時，則從句的主語和be常常省略。When (I was) in Japan, I took many beautiful pictures.在日本時，我拍了許多漂亮的照片。While (I was) waiting, I read newspapers.我邊等待，邊看報紙。She went on working though (she was) exhausted.盡管她精疲力竭，但仍繼續(xù)工作。I wont go unless (Im) invited.除非被邀請，否則我不會去。2.should have done結(jié)構(gòu)表示過去應(yīng)該做某事而事實上沒有做；而shouldnt have done則表示過去本不該做某事而實際上卻做了，兩者皆含有“責(zé)備”的口吻。You should have finished your homework yesterday.你昨天就該做完作業(yè)。You shouldnt have told him about it.你本來不應(yīng)該告訴他這件事情。拓展：其他“情態(tài)動詞havedone”結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)must have done對過去發(fā)生的事情的肯定推測?！耙欢ā?。(2)cant/couldnt have done對過去發(fā)生的事情的否定推測?！安豢赡堋薄?3)neednt have done過去沒有必要做卻做了。“本來沒必要做”。(4)ought (not) to have doneshould (not) have done(5)might/may have done過去可能做了某事(可能性小)。“可能做了”。(6)could have done過去本可能做而未做。“本來能做”。(7)would have done愿意做某事卻不能做?！氨緛硐胍觥?。3It is/was the first time(that).這是一個固定句式，it可換成this或that; first可換成second, third等，以表達(dá)不同的意義。This is the fourth time shes rung you in a week.這是她一周內(nèi)第四次給你打電話。It was the second time that he had been out with her alone.這是他第二次單獨跟她外出。It will be the second time that I have got the prize.那將是我第二次獲得該獎。提示：(1)It is the first time that.后接現(xiàn)在完成時；It was the first time that.后接過去完成時；It will be the first time that.后接現(xiàn)在完成時。(2)the first time可起從屬連詞作用，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。The first time I saw her, my heart stopped.我第一次見到她時，心臟都停止了跳動。(3)for the first time意為“第一次”，單獨用做狀語。He was cheated for the first time.他第一次被騙了。4. “withn.形容詞/副詞/介詞短語/分詞/動詞不定式”這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句中經(jīng)常做狀語，表示原因、方式或伴隨狀態(tài)。如果分詞的動作與前面的名詞是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果是被動關(guān)系，則用過去分詞；如果表示一個未來的動作就用不定式。He lay on his back, with his eyes looking up into the sky. 他躺著，眼瞅著天空。With his homework done, he went out to play.完成作業(yè)，他就出去玩了。With the guide to lead us, well have no difficulty finding his house.有導(dǎo)游帶路，我們將不費力地找到他家。He came in, with a book in his hand.他手里拿著一本書走了進(jìn)來。He is used to sleeping with the windows open.他已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了開著窗戶睡覺。He often sleeps with the light on.他經(jīng)常開著燈睡覺。能力提升測一測I.單詞拼寫1The snow is very _(疏松) and there is a lot of air in it.2His life is _(完全地) given up to work.3The _(幕布) rises and the play begins.4Thats _(正是) what I expected.5To send me to college, my parents _(受苦) a lot.6Our workmate has been in danger. Were all c_ about his health.7They e from Germany. They are G_.8On hot summer nights, people like to sit o_， chatting and enjoying the cool air.9Im g _ for your help.10Their age is from 13 to 19. They are called t_.11A lot of students p_ at the meeting took part in the discussion.12The tall tree was struck by l_ and broke.13The robber was caught when he was filling his car with p_ at the filling station.14Go up in an e_ to the fifth floor.15He looked calm, but a_ he was very nervous.16In the word “happy” the _(重音) is on the first syllable.17He has a poor _(詞匯), so he cant express himself correctly.18The gentlemen disclosed their own _(身份)19Anyone who wants to learn English well must remember the _(慣用法) of English.20Though he is not a _(本國的) English speaker, he can speak English very fluently.【答案】Loose entirely curtain exactly suffered concerned Germans outdoors grateful teenagers present lightning petrol elevator actually accent vocabulary identities usage nativeII.句型填空（用動詞的正確形式填空）1.When first _ （introduce）to the market, these products enjoyed great success.答案introduced解析：將從句補全應(yīng)為When these products were first introduced to the market，主從句主語一致且從句中有be，可以省略主語和be。2.Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach. I _ （eat）so much fried chicken just now.答案shouldnt have eaten 3.This is the first time that I _ （be）to the Great Wall.答案have been解析：This is the first time that.之后的從句需要用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。4.With five minutes _（go） before the last bus left, we arrived at the station.答案to go解析：本題考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即“with賓語賓語補足語”。本題用不定式做賓補表示將來的動作。句意：在最后一班公交車離開的前五分鐘，我們到了車站。III語法填空【南昌市十所省重點中學(xué)xx年二模突破沖刺7】閱讀下面材料, 在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（不多于3個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Sam was a greedy and selfish man. He never hesitated to cheat others to earn money. The selfish man _1_(actual) wanted to own everything in the world. One day, he lost a small bag _2_(contain) 50 gold coins. He searched _3_ the bag day and night. He also sent his workers in search but none could find it. After a couple of days, _4_ ten year old girl told her father that she found a small bag with 50 gold coins. The family was rather poor but the honest man decided to give the bag to its owner. He gave it back to Sam and asked him to check _5_ the bag had 50 gold coins. Sam, who was only happy to get the coins, decided to play a trick. He shouted , There were 75 gold coins in this bag and you gave me only 50! Where are the other coins? You _ 6_(steal) them! The poor man was _7_(shock) to hear this and they finally took the issue to court to get the right judgment. The judge heard both the sides. He examined the daughter and the poor man about the number of coins they had found in the bag and they assured _8_ was only 50! He asked Sam, Are you sure you had 75 coins? Sam nodded his head. Then the judge made his decision, Since Sam lost a bag of 75 gold coins, the bag found by the girl _9_ had only 50 coins doesnt belong to Sam. In addition, there were no claims against the _10_(lose) of 50 coins and I order the girl and his father to take those 50 coins as appreciation for their honesty!【答案】【小題1】actually 【小題2】containing【小題3】for【小題4】a【小題5】whether/if【小題6】have stolen【小題7】shocked【小題8】it【小題9】that/which【小題10】loss【小題1】actually 考查副詞。修飾動詞wanted，用副詞actually?！拘☆}2】containing考查非謂語動詞。containing 做后置定語?！拘☆}3】for考查介詞。search for 為固定搭配。【小題4】a考查冠詞。此處缺不定冠詞修飾名詞?！拘☆}5】whether/if考查連接詞。賓語從句，用連接詞if/whether表示“是否”?！拘☆}6】have stolen考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)前句There were 75 gold coins in this bag and you gave me only 50!，可知，偷這個動作發(fā)生在之前，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時?！拘☆}7】shocked考查過去分詞。過去分詞表示狀態(tài)，故用shocked。【小題8】it考查代詞。it用來指錢財?！拘☆}9】that/which考查連接詞。that/which用來引導(dǎo)定語從句?！拘☆}10】loss考查名詞。介詞against后用lose的名詞形式。IV.范文背誦（翻譯漢語句子并背誦全文）Mrs Wilson， Im going out shopping, and （1）我大約下午5點才回來_.I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return to the City Library. At about 1 oclock this afternoon, Tracy called, （2）racy打電話說，她明天早上不能在Bolton Coffee見你，因為她有重要的事情要處理_She felt very sorry about that, but said that you could set some other time for the meeting. （3）你一回來，她就想讓你給她會電話_She has already told Susan about this change.Li Hua答案：（1）wont be back until about 5：00 pm.（高級句型not. . .until. . .）（2）saying that she couldnt meet you at the Bolton Coffee tomorrow morning as she had something important to attend to.（現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句）（3）She wanted you to call her back as soon as you are home.（高級句型. . .as soon as . . .）