2019-2020年高考英語復(fù)習(xí) 語法單選.doc

2019-2020年高考英語復(fù)習(xí) 語法單選S +V+ O1+(O2 / o)| | | | |主語+ 謂語 +賓語+ (直接賓語)/補(bǔ)語 (1) do, did, will doV= (2) be doing, will be doing (3) have done, had been done, have been doing, will have done一、什么時候用一般現(xiàn)在時? (近11年未考)I forgot to check post box, but I normally check it in the morning. Wal-Mart opens the whole day. 特殊：從句中用do代替will doWhen you arrive in London, please send my wishes to Mary.二、什么時候用一般過去時?(近11年考了3題)1）過去特定時間的動作。常與last night, in 1980, a year ago等時間狀語連用2）過去某一段時間重復(fù)發(fā)生并結(jié)束的動作或過去存在的狀態(tài)。-where have you been?-I stayed in London for years, and now（對比）I didnt know you live here.I dont know you live here.1.【xx江蘇】Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people _ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.A. begin B. began C. have begun D. had begun3.【xx江蘇】The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he _.A. has started B. starts C. started D. will start三、什么時候用將來時？(近9年考了1題)will do/be going to/be to do（規(guī)律，命令）/be about to(不加時間狀語)was going to本打算【xx江蘇】- Ann is in hospital.- Oh, really? I _ know. I _ go and visit her. A. didnt; am going to B. dont; wouldC. dont; will D. didnt; will四、什么時候用進(jìn)行時？(近9年考了4題)（1） 過去、現(xiàn)在、將來的點時間或某一個其它動作發(fā)生的時間I will be flying over Atlantic at this time tomorrow. （=when you visit Tom tomorrow）（2） 某一段時間的動作（過去、現(xiàn)在、將來）I am writing a novel these days.I will be climbing the mountain next week.（3）某個事情正在發(fā)生(was doing)，作為背景，就在此時發(fā)生了另外一件事（did）I didnt notice her. I was watching TV just now.I was watching TV when he knocked at door.1.【xx江蘇】 I dont suppose the police know who did it. Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and_now.A. has been questioned B. is being questionedC. is questioningD. has questioned2.【xx江蘇】 Hi, Terry, can I use your puter for a while this afternoon? Sorry. _.A. It s repaired B. It has been repairedC. Its being repairedD. It had been repaired3. 【2011江蘇】 I hear you _ in a pub. Whats it like?Well, its very hard work and Im always tired, but I dont mind.A. are workingB. will work C. were working D. will be working4.【xx江蘇】Could I use your car tomorrow morning?Sure. I _ a report at home.A. will be writingB. will have writtenC. have writtenD. have been writing25. A。本題考查動詞時態(tài)。解題關(guān)鍵：對話雙方談?wù)撏辉掝}，自然時間一致，時態(tài)也相互關(guān)聯(lián)。本題中關(guān)鍵時間狀語為tomorrow morning，所以回答時用將來進(jìn)行時，表示“明天上午我將在家寫報告”，用將來進(jìn)行時。所以選A。【句意】明天上午我可以用你的汽車嗎？ 當(dāng)然可以。那時候，我將在家寫報告呢。五、什么時候用完成時？(近9年考了11題)現(xiàn)在完成時：（1） 延續(xù)：since sb. did/1990 so far/up to now/until now It is 90 years since our school was founded.（2） 過去的某件事對現(xiàn)在的影響：(短暫性動詞)Tom has broken his leg.Tom broke his leg.（3） 重復(fù)性：次數(shù)/ever/neverI have read the book for three times.將來完成時：by到為止By the end of this/last term, I will have finished/had finished the book.過去完成時：必須在句子里找到一個過去時間或動作did完成進(jìn)行時：have been doing(1) 持續(xù)性(2) 中斷性(3) 重復(fù)性（動作可以是短暫性）I have been getting up at 6 since I entered high school.1.【xx江蘇】More patients _ in hospital this year than last year. A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated2.【xx江蘇】Although medical science_control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning.A. achievedB. has achievedC. will achieveD. had achieved3.【xx江蘇】Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.I think so. He _ for it for months.A. is preparingB. was preparingC. had been preparingD. has been preparing4.【xx江蘇】At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement_.A. has been reachedB. had been reachedC. has reachedD. had reached5.【xx江蘇】_ you_ him around the museum yet?Yes. We had a great time there.A. Have; shownB. Do; showC. Had; shownD. Did; show6.【xx江蘇】why, Jack, you look so tired! Well, I _the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting7. 【xx江蘇】Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation?We_ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be8.【2011江蘇】Tommy is planning to buy a car.I know. By next month, he_ enough for a used one. A. saves B. savedC. will save D. will have saved9.【xx江蘇】The population of Jiangsu _ to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million.A. has grown B. have grownC. grew D. are growing10.【xx江蘇】The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he _ some European business partners.A. would meet. B. is meeting C. meets D. had met11.【xx江蘇】How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing? Well, the media _ it in a variety of forms. A. cover B. will cover C. have covered D. covered 11.【xx江蘇】 What about your self-drive trip yesterday?Tiring! The road is being widened, and we _ a rough ride.A. hadB. haveC. would haveD. have had34. A。本題考查動詞時態(tài)。A是一般過去時；B是一般現(xiàn)在時；C是過去將來時；D是現(xiàn)在完成時。本題關(guān)鍵時間點就是yesterday，所以講昨天的事情，故用一般過去時，選A?！就卣埂繒r態(tài)題關(guān)鍵是找準(zhǔn)句子的時間的基點，例如本題就是抓住yesterday?！揪湟狻孔蛱斓淖择{游如何？ 太累人了！道路正在拓寬，開起來真不容易！第二節(jié) 情態(tài)動詞1.能力：can (近9年考了1題)2.推測: might/may/can/could-should-must用might: not sure/not know用should: 估計應(yīng)該（上下文語境）用must: 一定（反義詞：cant）許可：may，can, must3.義務(wù)、責(zé)任、命令、許諾：(近9年考了1題)should義務(wù)must必須+do-mustntshall: You shall have a bike if you/警告 You shall be punished if/征求意見4.習(xí)慣(總是)：will He will get up at 6 every day. Accidents will happen.5.意愿：will (近9年考了1題)6.語氣：must(偏偏), should（竟然）(近9年考了1題)Should have done7.對過去進(jìn)行推測或者虛擬：+have done (近9年考了6題)may/might/can/could have donemust have done-cant have done虛擬：should have done，neednt have donecould have done， might have done1.【xx江蘇】Happy birthday!Thank you! Its the best present I _ for.A. should have wished B. must have wished.C. may have wishedD. could have wished2.【xx江蘇】Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but_ say where he was.A. mustntB. shouldntC. wouldntD. mightnt3.【2011江蘇】 I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _ it.A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen4.【xx江蘇】I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month.Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday.A. could B. shall C. must D. may 5.【xx江蘇】He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he _ it differently.A. could express B. would expressC. could have expressed D. must have expressed6.【xx江蘇】Im sorry. I _ at you the other day.Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.A. shouldnt shoutB. shouldnt have shoutedC. mustnt shoutD. mustnt have shouted7.【xx江蘇】She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam.I guess so. Its not difficult after all.A. shouldB. could C. mustD. might8.【xx江蘇】 I think Ill give Bob a ring.You _. You havent been in touch with him for ages.A. will B. may C. have toD. should9.【xx江蘇】The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.Oh, dear! She_ a lot of difficulties!A. may go throughB. might go throughC. ought to have gone throughD. must have gone through10. 【xx江蘇】It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, _ bring me food. A. might B. would C. should D. could 第三節(jié) 虛擬語氣Part IIf sb., s v oIf you had worked harder, you would have succeeded.（過去完成，過去將來完成）Had you workedIf I stayed in US now, I would visit.If I went/should go/were to go to US tomorrow, I would visit(did, would do)Should I go to,Were I to go to,Part II虛實butI would have achieved the first prize, but I didnt.Iwould have doneotherwise.Part III表示愿望：would rather(had done, did) (近9年考了1題)if only(had done, did/would do)wish(had done, did/would do)as ifPart IV和名從結(jié)合It be + 某些特定形容詞/名詞/過去分詞 +that +sb. (should) do sth.常見形容詞: 奇怪,自然,重要,必要：strange, natural, important, necessary, urgent(近9年考了1題)凡是以下名詞后的句子：advice，decision, desire, demand, suggestion, wish, preference, proposal, remendation, requirement, order 1.【xx江蘇】George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he_ more on its culture.A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused2.【xx江蘇】Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York?I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to.A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what3.【xx江蘇】I should not have laughed if I _ you were serious.A. thought B. would thinkC. had thoughtD. have thought30. C。本題考查非真實條件句的虛擬語氣。根據(jù)主句中should not have laughed可知，本句所講與過去事實相反。If引導(dǎo)非真實條件句表示與過去事實相反時，從句結(jié)構(gòu)為had done.。所以選A?！揪湟狻咳绻耶?dāng)時想到你是認(rèn)真的，我就不會笑了。第四節(jié) 非謂語動詞基礎(chǔ)版句子 ( V2 ), S, ( V2 ) V O , ( V2 )v2= to do(為了), doing(主動), done（被動） Walking in the garden, I found a book written in 1992 on the ground.非謂語動詞兩個用途：修飾某個名詞，說明句子主語的行為方式或說明主句的因果、條件等。注意：有些題目并非考充當(dāng)狀語、定語或補(bǔ)語的非謂語動詞，而是考查充當(dāng)主語或賓語的動名詞或不定式。（近9年考了2題）進(jìn)階版一、 不定式的用法（除目的功能外）：（目的：近9年考了5題；時態(tài)：1題；其它沒有涉及）1. only to do意外的結(jié)果I came home gladly, only to find my house broken into. only finding my dinner ready.2. 形容詞 + to doHe is easy to deal with.The novel is hard to read.3. His ability to swim4. 不定式的完成時和進(jìn)行時Be reported to have doneHappen to have met him二、分詞的用法：（作狀語近9年考了6題；作定語近9年考了1題)第一步，找主干，主謂賓，要分清(s? o?)第二步，主被動，主動ing, 被動加ed (首先排除to do)第三步，看先后，主動先完成having done特別注意：（1）修飾名詞：n( )to do將要（被）做的 to be donedoing正在，主動 being done正在被做done已完成，被動 不能用having been donethe man to finish the work要完成這個工作的人the man talking to him和他交談的那個人the problem to be discussed要討論的問題the problem being discussed正在討論的問題the problem discussed討論了的問題（2）公式：一件事，結(jié)果S V O, doingI study very hard, achieving my success at last.三、作賓補(bǔ)的常見考法：（近9年考了3題）have(使): He has his workers _working_ all the day. (work) He has his bike _repaired_ by Tom. (repair) He has his son _buy_ a book for him.(buy)get（使）：He gets his workers _working_ all the day. (work) He gets his bike _repaired_ by Tom. (repair) He gets his son _to buy_ a book for him.(buy)keep (一直使)：He keeps his workers _working_ all the day. (work) He keeps his bike _repaired_ by Tom. (repair) Keep me informed of your news.with(有，隨著)：With the time going by, I knew a lot about him. He came in with his hands tied back.see/hear/notice/feel: I saw him cross the street. (動作的完成)I saw him crossing the street.（正在做）I saw him punished by his teacher. （被動）被動結(jié)構(gòu)He is seen to cross the street.He is seen crossing the street.He is seen punished.1.【xx江蘇】_ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.A. Based B. BasingC. BaseD. To base2.【xx江蘇】The old man, _ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.A. to work B. workingC. to have worked D. having worked3.【xx江蘇】The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu , _ the students to return to their classrooms. A. enabling B. having enabled C. to enable D. to have enabled4.【xx江蘇】Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _the same thing. A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said5.【xx江蘇】_ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police A. Having lost B. LostC. Being lost D. Losing6【2011江蘇】Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A. pared B. paringC. pares D. being pared7.【xx江蘇】Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, _ reduce unemployment pressures. A. help B. to have helped C. to help D. having helped8.【xx江蘇】Distinguished guests and friends, wele to our school, _ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.A. Attend B. To attend C. Attending D. Having attended9.【xx江蘇】To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can.A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak10.【xx江蘇】My parents have always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve. A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good11.【xx江蘇】He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _ in his lectures. A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest12.【xx江蘇】- There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. - My goodness! I cant imagine _ that old. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been13.【xx江蘇】-Is Bob still performing?-Im afraid not. He is said_ the stage already as he has bee an officialA. to have left B. to leaveC. to have been left D. to be left14.【xx江蘇】Lionel Messi, _ the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.A. setB. settingC. to setD. having set24. D。考查非謂語動詞用法。解題關(guān)鍵：判斷非謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)得知，Lionel Messi is considered the most talented football player in Europe為主句， _ the record for the most goals in a calendar year在句中作狀語，set與邏輯主語Lionel Messi構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故先排除A；再根據(jù)句意，“創(chuàng)立記錄在先，被認(rèn)為是最有才華球員在后”，故用having set。所以選D。15.【xx江蘇】The lecture had been given, a lively question-and-answer session followed. A. being given B. having given C. to be given D. having been given = doneS1V1O1, S2V2O2第五節(jié) 代詞（近9年考了5題）考點一：指示代詞的用法1. such, so的用法1）such指如前所述的這樣的人或物。如：Such is Albert Einstein, a simple man with great achievements.這就是阿爾伯特.愛因斯坦，一個簡樸而又成績卓著的人。2）so作指示代詞時，代替一個句子或短語所表達(dá)的事情，一般用在believe，think，expect，suppose，imagine，guess，hope后。2. one, ones, the one, the ones的區(qū)別one用來代替前面出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)名詞，表泛指概念；ones用來代替前面出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，也表示泛指概念；the one用來代替前面特指的單數(shù)名詞；the ones用來代替前面特指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如：Mr Zhang gave me a very valuable present, one (=a present)that I had never seen.張先生給了我一件非常有價值的禮物一件我從來沒有見過的禮物。The book on the desk is better than that/the one under the desk.書桌上面的這本書比書桌下面的那本好?？键c二：不定代詞all，both，either，neither，none，nothing的用法比較不定代詞 用法 all 表示“(三者或三者以上)都”，指人或所有的物，看作復(fù)數(shù)；指抽象的概念，作“一切”講，看作單數(shù)。 both 表示“(兩者)都”。 either 表示“(兩者中)任何一者”。 neither 表示“(兩者)都不”。 none 表示“(三者或三者以上)都不”。 none = not any, not one 一點也沒有；一個也沒有，即數(shù)量概念。既可指人，也可指物，代指上文提到的事物，含特指概念。nothingnothing = not anything, 意為"沒有任何東西;什么也沒有"，強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容，只能指物，泛指。it，one，that的區(qū)別代詞 用法 it 意為“它”，特指前面提到過的同一人或者物。 that 意為“那個”，指代那類人或事物，既可以指代前面出現(xiàn)過的不可數(shù)名詞，也可以指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞相當(dāng)于the one。 one 意為“一個”，指代前面出現(xiàn)過的那類事物中的“一個”。 考點三：數(shù)詞一、倍數(shù)如何表達(dá)表達(dá)倍數(shù)時，一倍用once，兩倍用twice/double，三倍以上用“基數(shù)詞+times”。數(shù)詞表達(dá)倍數(shù)常見于下列四種句式中：倍數(shù)+asasOur playground is three times as big as theirs.我們的操場是他們的三倍大。倍數(shù)+the size/weight/height/depth/width/age/length ofThe Greens house is almost twice the size of their neighbours.格林家的房子幾乎是他們鄰居的兩倍大。倍數(shù)+比較級+than Mr. Yang is twice older than us.楊先生的年齡比我們大一倍。倍數(shù)+what從句The size of our town is twice what it was five years ago.我們鎮(zhèn)子的面積是五年前的兩倍。1.【xx江蘇】Sophia waited for a reply, but _ came.A. either B. another C. neither D. none2. 【xx江蘇】Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children pared with _ of their parents.A. those B. one C. both D. that3.【xx江蘇】My most famous relative of all, _ who really left his mark on America, was Reb Sussel, my great-grandfather. A. one B. the one C. he D. someone4.【xx江蘇】Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than_ in the city.A. ones B. one C. that D. those 5.【xx江蘇】Good families are much to all their members, but _ to none. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 第五節(jié) 復(fù)合句一、 名詞性從句（that引導(dǎo)的主語從句：近9年考了1題）（表語從句：近9年考了2題）（what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句近9年考了3題）（同位語從句近9年考了1題）S=（連詞+句子） + V + O=（連詞+句子） S/O: n./pron doing/to doHis death is a fact.Going shopping is my hobby.He was dead this morning is a fact. （錯誤）改正：It is a fact that+He was dead this morning. 考點一：That+陳述性事實（完整的句子）whether/if+是否what/which/whowhat “什么, 什么樣的，的東西”, “the thing that”, “句子缺少主語或賓語” What he said surprised me.which “哪一個” (有選擇的范圍) who -誰 I know who was late.where/when/why/howI dont know where he es. (完整的句子)考點二:同位語從句I heard the news that Tom won. you dont knowThe news worried me that he was late. 考點三：兩組區(qū)別Whatever = anything thatwhoever = anyone whoWhoever arives first will get the prize.Who二、定語從句_, S _ + V + O, _ ：to do/doing/done in /at 定語從句-關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞 +句子舉例：A boy (standing at the door) shouted at me. (who stood at the door)考點一：基本用法（近9年考了8題）關(guān)系代詞：who, whose(的)，that | that, which 補(bǔ)充：which指代前面整個句子； | 。， which關(guān)系副詞：why, when, where解題方法：1. 確定s v o找出被修飾的詞（先行詞）：s 或o2. 分析從句: 缺主語、賓語(關(guān)系代詞可以省 略), 定語關(guān)系代詞 缺狀語（完整的句子）關(guān)系副詞舉例：This is the factory _where_ I worked last year. _ that _ I visited last year.考點二：介詞+which/whom（近9年考了2題）_, which- _, of/about/from of which/whom舉例：I have three brothers, of whom(不能用them) two are abroad.1)根據(jù)先行詞 2）根據(jù)從句動詞搭配It is a topic, about which I have talked with my friend last night.-數(shù)詞、the n. 、+of which/whom -，the book of which/whomWith whose help II admire Tom, for whom| English is very easy to learn.三、狀語從句（近9年考了7題）連詞+句子，主句時間：When/while while-動詞延續(xù)性be doing/be about to/had just done sth.when(就在此時).the moment/the instant/immediately = as soon assince 自從+did sth.before: It will bebefore地點：Where 比較：n., where be whereWhere there is a river, there is life. 讓步：although/thoughyet Though he is young, he knows a lot.= Young though/as he is, despite the fact that even if/though即使no matter who- I will give the prize to him no matter who wins ,.whoeveranyone who -I will give the prize to whoever win.條件：so long as/as long as只要 on condition that只要if/Provided that假如 as if似乎 Given that如果 unless = ifnot when=盡管；但是；因為因果：since considering that/n.考慮到 in that結(jié)果/目的： so that以便于 =in order that 結(jié)果名詞性從句1.【2011江蘇】It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.A. that B. how C. when D. why2.【xx江蘇】I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.Thats