2019年中考英語二輪復習 第二篇 語法突破篇 語法專題（五）介詞和介詞短語課件 新人教版.ppt

PARTTWO,第二篇語法突破篇,語法專題（五）介詞和介詞短語,1.in/on/at(1)in用在世紀、年份、季節(jié)、月份,不特定的上午、下午或晚上等詞前。ItoftenrainsJuly.七月份經(jīng)常下雨。(2)on表示在具體的某一天或某天的上午、下午或晚上。ShewasbornthemorningofMay10th.她出生于五月十日的早晨。,考點一時間介詞,【中考考點】(1)介詞表示時間、地點、方位、方式的基本用法。(2)一些易混介詞辨析及介詞短語的用法。,in,on,(3)at表示在某個時刻或某個瞬間。Iusuallygetup6:00inthemorning.我通常早上六點鐘起床。2.after/in(1)“after+具體時刻/從句”表示“在時刻之后”,常用于過去時。Hesaidthathewouldbehere5:00.他說他五點鐘之后會來這兒。(2)“in+一段時間”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于將來時。MymotheriscomingbackfromEnglandaboutamonth.我媽媽大約一個月以后從英格蘭回來。,at,after,in,3.by/until(1)by表示“到為止”。CanyourepairmybikeSaturday?星期六之前你能修好我的自行車嗎?(2)until表示動作持續(xù)到何時。Wemustworkheretenoclock.我們必須一直在這里工作到十點鐘。4.since/for(1)“since+具體時刻/that從句/ago”表示“自從起一直到現(xiàn)在”。UncleLihasworkedinthiscompany2000.李叔叔自從2000年起就在這家公司工作了。(2)“for+一段時間”表示“有之久”。UncleLihasworkedinthiscompanyover10years.李叔叔已經(jīng)在這家公司工作十多年了。,by,until,since,for,考點二地點介詞和方位介詞,1.at/in/on/to(1)at用于小地點前。Illbeathomeallmorning.我一上午都在家。(2)in用于大地點前。HarbinisinthenorthofChina.哈爾濱位于中國北部。(3)on既可表示“在上面(有接觸面)”,也可表示兩地接壤。HunanisonthenorthofGuangdong.湖南在廣東北部。,(4)to表示兩地相隔或隔海相望。JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本位于中國東部。2.between/among(1)between表示“在兩者之間”。Dontsitthetwogirls.不要坐在這兩個女孩中間。(2)among表示“在三者或三者以上的人或物之間”。Thevillagelieshills.這個村莊坐落于群山之間。,between,among,3.across/through(1)across強調(diào)從表面穿過。Gothebridge,andyouwillfindthepark.穿過這座橋,你就會找到這個公園。(2)through強調(diào)從一定的空間內(nèi)穿過。Theriverrunsthecity.這條河流經(jīng)這座城市。4.over/above(1)over強調(diào)在某一物體的正上方,其反義詞為under。Thereisabridgetheriver.河上有一座橋。(2)above強調(diào)在上方,但不一定是正上方,其反義詞為below。Wewereflyingtheclouds.我們那時正在云層上飛行。,across,through,over,above,5.infrontof/inthefrontof(1)infrontof表示在某一空間外部的前面。Thereisabigtreethehouse.房子前面有一棵大樹。(2)inthefrontof表示在某一空間內(nèi)部的前面。Thereisabigdeskourclassroom.我們教室的前面有一張大桌子。,infrontof,inthefrontof,考點三常見介詞的用法,Wewonourmatchthatteam.我們在比賽中贏了那個隊。Thedeskisthewall.書桌靠墻放著。Igotoschoolbus.我乘坐公共汽車去上學。Doyougothatsupermarket?你路過那家超市嗎?Thestudentsareexaminedoneone.學生們一個挨一個地接受檢查。,against,against,by,by,by,Mymotherboughtapresentme.我媽媽給我買了一份禮物。WearegoingtosetoffNewYork.我們將動身去紐約。Shestayedthereaweek.她在那兒待了一周。Mostteenagerslivetheirparents.大部分青少年和他們的父母生活在一起。Isatdownonthechairholesinit.我坐在有孔的椅子上。,for,for,for,with,with,考點四含有介詞的重點短語,在家athome在學校atschool在工作立刻atonce在晚上atnight在一年中不好的時節(jié)atabadtimeoftheyear在的盡頭attheendof在的開始atthebeginningof到達arrivein/at同意某人(的看法)agreewithsb.以開始,atwork,begin/startwith,擅長begoodat對有害處bebadfor充滿befullof確信besureof/about習慣于對某人要求嚴格bestrictwithsb.對某事要求嚴格bestrictinsth.忙于做某事bebusywithsth.遲到belatefor生某人的氣beangrywithsb.對某人感到滿意bepleasedwithsb.對感興趣beinterestedin,beusedto,與不同以為驕傲beproudof對感到厭煩betiredof趕上catchupwith依靠dependon在方面做得好dowellin用裝滿fillwith與相處聽說收到的來信在某方面幫助某人helpsb.withsth.在的前面(外部)infrontof,bedifferentfrom,geton/alongwith,hearof,hearfrom,在的前面(內(nèi)部)inthefrontof在戶外;在野外intheopenair最后;終于intheend及時匆忙;急忙inahurry在太陽下事實上infact處于困境中introuble看lookat尋找lookfor照顧;照看lookafter/takecareof檢查lookover,intime,inthesun,嘲笑動身去某處與交朋友makefriendswith在某人回家的路上ononeswayhome展出究竟;到底onearth在頂部onthetopof另一方面ontheotherhand值日;值班onduty步行,laughat,leave/setoffforsp.,onshow/display,onfoot,考點過關(guān)訓練,.用適當?shù)慕樵~填空1.Justwalkdownthisstreetandyoullseethehospitalyourleft.2.Alanboughtabighouseanicegarden.3.WhenistheArtFestivalparty?ItssevenoclocktheeveningofNovember18th.4.Thewholefamilywereagreementaboutwhattheyshoulddonext.5.Canyoucometomypartythisevening?Sorry,Icant.Ihavetopreparemyexams.6.Itsverykindyoutohelpmewithmylessons.,on,with,at,on,in,for,of,考點過關(guān)訓練,7.Iborrowedsomemoneymyfriendtobuyabook.8.April22nd,peoplearoundtheworldcelebrateEarthDayindifferentways.9.Welcometoourstore.Wehaveskirtsallcolors$16each.10.Mymothersaysmyfriendissimilarme,butIthinksheisdifferentme.,from,On,in,for,to,from,考點過關(guān)訓練,.從方框中選擇恰當?shù)亩陶Z并用其正確形式填空11.ourgovernment,wecanplaysportsonthenewplaygroundnextweek.Thatsforsure!Andwellhaveasportsmeetinginonemonth.12.Graceoftengetsnervousbeforeshegivesaspeech.13.Whyareyouunhappythesedays,Julie?Icantseetheblackboardbecausetwotallboyssitme.,infrontofwiththehelpofinfactinahurrywithoutdoubtthankstoatfirstinpublicincommonbefullof,Thanksto,inpublic,infrontof,考點過關(guān)訓練,14.,theChineseknowaboutteaculturebest.15.,listeningtomusicisagoodwaytorelaxyourself.16.ThemoreIgettoknowNancy,themoreIrealizethatwehavealot.17.theclassmates,hegottothetopofthemountainsuccessfully.18.Theworldchances,andwemustmakeaquickdecisionwhenwemeetone.19.Helefthomeandforgottoturnoffthelightthismorning.20.,theInternetwasonlyusedbythegovernment.Butnowitswidelyusedineveryfield.,Withoutdoubt,Infact,incommon,Withthehelpof,isfullof,inahurry,Atfirst,