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60backer bag 第十九篇 Musical音樂的 Robot機(jī)器人 Companion伴侶 Enhances提升 Listener聽眾 Experience體驗Shimi, a musical companion developed開發(fā)by Georgia Techs技術(shù)學(xué)院Center中心for Music Technology技術(shù), recommends songs, dances to the beat and keeps the music pumping based on基于 listener feedback反饋. （第4題答案出處）The smartphone-enabled, one-foot-tall robot（第1題答案出處1） is billed as an interactive 互動的“musical friend”.（第3題答案出題1）“Shimi is designed to change the way that people enjoy and think about their music，” said Professor Gil Weinberg, the robots creator. He will unveil the robot at the June 27th Google I/O conference in San Francisco. A band of three Shimi robots will perform for guests, dancing in sync with music created in the lab and composed according to its movements.Shimi is essentially a docking station with a “brain” powered by an Android phone. Once docked, the robot gains the sensing and musical generation capabilities of the users mobile device. In other words, if theres an “app” for that, Shimi is ready. For instance, by using the phones camera and face-detecting software，Shimi can follow a listener around the room and position its “ears”，or speakers, for optimal sound. Another recognition feature is based on rhythm and tempo. If the user taps a beat, Shimi analyzes it, scans the phones musical library and immediately plays the song that best最好的matches（第2題答案出處） the suggestion. Once the music starts，Shimi dances to the rhythm.“Many people think that robots are limited by their programming instructions, said Music Technology Ph. D. candidate Mason Bretan. “Shimi shows us that robots can be creative and interactive. （第3題答案出題2） Future apps in the works will allow the user to shake their head in disagreement or wave a hand in the air to alert Shimi to skip to the next song or increase/decrease the volume. The robot will also have the capability to recommend new music based on the users song choices and provide feedback on the music play list.Weinberg hopes other developers will be inspired to create more apps to expand Shimis creative and interactive capabilities. “I believe that our center is ahead of a revolution that will see more robots in homes.” Weinberg said.Weinberg is in the process of commercializing Shimi through an exclusive licensing agreement with Georgia Tech. Weinberg hopes to make the robot available to consumers by the 2013 holiday season. “If robots are going to arrive in homes, we think that they will be this kind of machines- small, entertaining and fun，（第5題答案出處）Weinberg said. “They will enhance your life and pave the way for more intelligent service robots in our lives.”本文的標(biāo)題信息量很大，完全可以猜到全文將以“音樂機(jī)器人的特點，以及它們?nèi)绾畏?wù)人類”的主線進(jìn)行論述。練習(xí)：1.Which of the following is NOT true according to the first three paragraphs? -對錯類A Shimi is a one-foot-tall robot.B Shimi is the creator創(chuàng)造者of the musical companion.C Shimi is a docking station with a“ brain” powered by an Android phone.D Shimi can gain the sensing and musical generation capabilities of the users mobile device.由于此對錯題沒有關(guān)鍵詞，且涉及到文章前三段，排除范圍會比較大。但可通過選項中的醒目詞反向定位關(guān)鍵詞找到答案的位置，排除選項A、C。結(jié)合“有相對性詞往往是對的概念”，排除選項D。2.What does Shimi do if the user taps a beat? -細(xì)節(jié)類A It stores the beat in the musical library.B It transmits the beat to the docking station.C It positions its speakers for optimal sound.D It selects a perfectly完美的-matched匹配的song and plays it in sync with that beat.選項D與答案出處的原文是同義替換，不確定的情況下可借助字典排查3.Which of the following about Shimi is true? -對錯類A Robots are limited by their programming instructions, and Shimi is no exception.B Present apps allow the user to shake their head to alert Shimi to skip to the next song.C Existing apps allow the user to wave a hand to alert Shimi to turn up/down the volume.D Shimi can be creative創(chuàng)造性的 and interactive互動的.有相對性詞的優(yōu)先考慮，由于about后為Shimi（機(jī)器人名），出現(xiàn)頻率過高，需仔細(xì)尋找。4.What does the author want to tell us? -主題類A The research研究center中心is developing開發(fā)a stronger更強(qiáng)大的and more versatile多才多藝的Shimi.B Weinberg only expects staffs from Georgia Tech. to develop more apps for Shimi.C Shimi is not yet technologically ready for commercialization.D Robots such as Shimi are created for large corporations rather than homes.出現(xiàn)“author”一般為主題類題型，選答案時應(yīng)結(jié)合文章中心句5.Which of the following is Weinbergs assertion主張?-態(tài)度觀點類A Shimi as a robotic musical companion can be applied to all types of smart phones.B human lives will be filled with more fun if Shimi is going to arrive in homes.C Shimis creative and interactive capabilities are appreciated by most of its users.D Weinberg has reached an agreement with Georgia Tech to commercialize Shimi.通過“assertion主張”將該題分類為態(tài)度觀點類題，答案在全文倒數(shù)第二句話 第二十九篇： Ill Be BachComposer David Cope(第1題關(guān)鍵詞) is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music(第1題答案出處). It took Cope 30 years to develop the software. Now most people cant tell the difference區(qū)別 between music by the famous 著名的German composer作曲家 J. S. Bach (1685-1750) and the Bach-like類似巴赫 compositions作品, from Copes computer.作曲家大衛(wèi) 科普發(fā)明了一個計算機(jī)軟件，它能編寫出古典音樂的原創(chuàng)作品。科普花了 30 年才完成這個軟件?，F(xiàn)在，科普的計算機(jī)寫出的作品與德國著名作曲家 J . S巴赫寫的作品很相似，很少有人能分辨出其中的不同。It all started in 1980 in the United States, when Cope(第2題關(guān)鍵詞) was trying to write an opera(第2題答案出處). He was having trouble thinking of new melodies, so he wrote a computer program 程序to create the melodies旋律. At first this music was not easy to listen to. What did Cope do? He began to rethink how human beings compose music. He realized that composers brains work like big databases. First, they take in all the music that they have ever heard. Then they take out the music that they dislike. Finally, they make new music from what is left. According to Cope, only the great composers(第3題關(guān)鍵詞) are able to create the database accurately, remember it, and form new musical patterns 模式from it. (第3題答案出處)這一切始于 1980 年的美國，那時科普正在寫一部歌劇，但是他無法創(chuàng)作出新的旋律，于是他編寫了一個計算機(jī)軟件來幫他編曲。最開始的時候，軟件寫出的樂曲并不動聽?？破帐窃趺醋龅哪?？他開始重新考慮人們作曲的方式。他想到作曲家的大腦就像一個大數(shù)據(jù)庫，他們先是吸收他們聽過的所有音樂，然后去除他們不喜歡的，最后再根據(jù)留下的音樂來創(chuàng)作出新的旋律。科普認(rèn)為，只有偉大的作曲家才能建立好的數(shù)據(jù)庫，并且能熟記于心，從而創(chuàng)作出新的音樂。Cope built a huge database of existing music. He began with hundreds of works by Bach. The software analyzed the data: it broke it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns. It then combined the pieces into new patterns. Before long, the program could compose short Bach-like works. They werent good, but it was a start.科普根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的音樂建立了龐大的數(shù)據(jù)庫。最開始的時候，數(shù)據(jù)庫包含了幾百部巴赫的作品?？破盏能浖⑦@些數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析：首先它將音樂拆解成小的片段，從中找出固定模式，然后將片段組合成新的模式。不久，這個軟件就能夠?qū)懗龊桶秃诊L(fēng)格很像的小曲子。它們并不完美，但這只是個開始。Cope knew he had more work to do - he had a whole opera to write. He continued to improve the software. Soon it could analyze more complex music. He also added many other composers, including his own work ,to the database.科普知道，他要做的還有很多 他得寫出一整部歌劇。他進(jìn)一步完善他的軟件，不久它就能夠?qū)懗龈鼜?fù)雜的音樂了。他還在數(shù)據(jù)庫中加人了一些其他作曲家的作品，其中也包括他自己的作品。A few years later, Copes computer program程序(第4題答案出處), called "Emmy"(第4題關(guān)鍵詞), was ready to help him with his opera. The process required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy. Cope listened to the computers musical ideas and used the ones that he liked. With Emmy, the opera took only two weeks to finish. It was called Cradle Falling, and it was a great success! Cope received some of the best reviews of his career, but no one knew exactly how he had composed the work.幾年后，科普的軟件“艾米”已經(jīng)能夠幫助他創(chuàng)作歌劇了。創(chuàng)作過程需要作曲家和艾米共同配合?？破振雎牥讓懗龅囊魳菲?，從中選取他認(rèn)為好的。有了艾米的幫助，科普只用了兩個星期就完成了這部歌劇，叫作搖籃墜落 。演出獲得巨大成功，科普也得到了他有生以來最高的評價，但是沒有人知道他究竟是怎樣創(chuàng)作出這部歌劇的。Since that first opera, Emmy has written thousands of compositions. Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesnt like of her music, but she is doing most of the hard work of composing (第5題答案出處)these days!從那以后，艾米已經(jīng)寫了上千部作品?？破宅F(xiàn)在依然會給艾米反饋，告訴她自己哪些音樂是他喜歡的，哪些是不喜歡的，但是現(xiàn)在大部分的工作是由艾米來完成的！練習(xí)：1. The music composed by David Cope is aboutA) classical music 古典音樂B) pop music 流行音樂C) drama 戲劇D) country music 鄉(xiāng)村音樂2. By developing a computer software軟件, David Cope aimedA) to be like BachB) to study BachC) to write an opera歌劇D) to create a musical database 數(shù)據(jù)庫3. What did Cope realize about a great 偉大的composers brain?A) It works like a big database.B) It writes a computer program.C) It can recognize識別 any music patterns.D) It can create melodies.旋律4. Who is Emmy?A) a databaseB) a computer software軟件C) a composer who helped DavidD) an opera5. We can infer推斷 from the passage thatA) David Cope is a computer programmerB) David Cope loves musicC) Bachs music helped him a lotD) Emmy did much more work than a composer答案與題解：1A第一段的第一句：David Cope發(fā)明了一個可以編寫出古典音樂的電腦軟件。2c從第二段的第一句可以看出，David編寫電腦軟件的目的是寫歌劇。A、B和D都屬于創(chuàng)作歌劇的一部分。3D第二段的后半部分講的是偉大的歌劇作者與一般的歌劇作者的不同之處是通過對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的構(gòu)建、記憶而后創(chuàng)作出新的音樂形式。4B從第五段第一句可知Emmy是一計算機(jī)軟件。 5D從本文第一句可知David是一個作曲家，不是計算機(jī)程序員，所以排除A；B、C內(nèi)容沒有提及；從本文的第五段和第六段可知，Emmy大大提高了David的創(chuàng)作速度，最后一句，大部分困難的工作都由Emmy來做，所以作曲家只干一小部分工作。提問1. The music composed by David Cope is aboutDavid Cope 創(chuàng)作的音樂是有關(guān)于2. By developing a computer software, David Cope aimed通過開發(fā)電腦軟件，David Cope的目標(biāo)是3. What did Cope realize about a great composers brain?Cope 認(rèn)為偉大作曲家的大腦？4. Who is Emmy?誰是Emmy？5. We can infer from the passage that通過文章可以推測出譯文:我也能成為巴赫作曲家大衛(wèi) 科普發(fā)明了一個計算機(jī)軟件，它能編寫出古典音樂的原創(chuàng)作品。科普花了 30 年才完成這個軟件?，F(xiàn)在，科普的計算機(jī)寫出的作品與德國著名作曲家 J . S巴赫寫的作品很相似，很少有人能分辨出其中的不同。這一切始于 1980 年的美國，那時科普正在寫一部歌劇，但是他無法創(chuàng)作出新的旋律，于是他編寫了一個計算機(jī)軟件來幫他編曲。最開始的時候，軟件寫出的樂曲并不動聽?？破帐窃趺醋龅哪?？他開始重新考慮人們作曲的方式。他想到作曲家的大腦就像一個大數(shù)據(jù)庫，他們先是吸收他們聽過的所有音樂，然后去除他們不喜歡的，最后再根據(jù)留下的音樂來創(chuàng)作出新的旋律?？破照J(rèn)為，只有偉大的作曲家才能建立好的數(shù)據(jù)庫，并且能熟記于心，從而創(chuàng)作出新的音樂。科普根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的音樂建立了龐大的數(shù)據(jù)庫。最開始的時候，數(shù)據(jù)庫包含了幾百部巴赫的作品?？破盏能浖⑦@些數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析：首先它將音樂拆解成小的片段，從中找出固定模式，然后將片段組合成新的模式。不久，這個軟件就能夠?qū)懗龊桶秃诊L(fēng)格很像的小曲子。它們并不完美，但這只是個開始?？破罩?，他要做的還有很多 他得寫出一整部歌劇。他進(jìn)一步完善他的軟件，不久它就能夠?qū)懗龈鼜?fù)雜的音樂了。他還在數(shù)據(jù)庫中加人了一些其他作曲家的作品，其中也包括他自己的作品。幾年后，科普的軟件“艾米”已經(jīng)能夠幫助他創(chuàng)作歌劇了。創(chuàng)作過程需要作曲家和艾米共同配合?？破振雎牥讓懗龅囊魳菲?，從中選取他認(rèn)為好的。有了艾米的幫助，科普只用了兩個星期就完成了這部歌劇，叫作搖籃墜落 。演出獲得巨大成功，科普也得到了他有生以來最高的評價，但是沒有人知道他究竟是怎樣創(chuàng)作出這部歌劇的。從那以后，艾米已經(jīng)寫了上千部作品?？破宅F(xiàn)在依然會給艾米反饋，告訴她自己哪些音樂是他喜歡的，哪些是不喜歡的，但是現(xiàn)在大部分的工作是由艾米來完成的！