2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 微專題強(qiáng)化練 一 語(yǔ)法必備10 名詞性從句.doc

2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 微專題強(qiáng)化練 一 語(yǔ)法必備10 名詞性從句一、單句填空1(xx北京，33改編)I truly believe_beauty es from within.答案：that考查名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞。從句部分不缺少任何成分也不缺意思。因此用只起連接作用的that。2(xx陜西，19改編)Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for _Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.答案：what考查賓語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。分析語(yǔ)境可知，此處是介詞for后接了賓語(yǔ)從句。從句中缺少achieved的賓語(yǔ)，故要用what來(lái)引導(dǎo)。句意：讀她的傳記，我對(duì)多麗絲萊辛在文學(xué)上所取得的成就欽佩不已。3(xx安徽，25改編)A ship in harbor is safe，but thats not _ ships are built for.答案：whatwhat引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作介詞for的賓語(yǔ)。句意：船停泊在港口里是安全的，但那可不是造船的目的。4(xx浙江，6改編)If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate _ is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.答案：whatinvestigate后面是賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺主語(yǔ)，故用what。句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳，一定要調(diào)查一下水面下的東西。經(jīng)常會(huì)有石頭或樹(shù)枝藏在水中。5(xx湖南，26改編)You have to know _ youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.答案：where本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。You have to know后面是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，_ youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there是一個(gè)完整的句子，應(yīng)用連接副詞where來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句。句意：如果你要計(jì)劃去那里的最佳方案，你必須知道你要去哪里。6(xx重慶，8改編)We must find out _ Karl is ing，so we can book a room for him.答案：when考查賓語(yǔ)從句。find out后面接一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用when。句意：我們必須弄明白Karl什么時(shí)候來(lái)，這樣我們才能給他預(yù)訂房間。7(xx福建，29改編)I wonder _ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.By working out every day.答案：how句意為：我想知道瑪麗這么多年是如何保持良好的身材的。每天堅(jiān)持鍛煉。wonder后是賓語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)答語(yǔ)中的by可知第一句就方式提問(wèn)，故填how，意為“如何，怎樣”。8(xx浙江杭州一模改編)We know from the survey on cigarettes _ warning messages on product containers and in ads can affect consumption of potentially dangerous products.答案：that句意為：我們從關(guān)于香煙的調(diào)查了解到，在產(chǎn)品包裝盒上和廣告中的警告信息能夠影響潛在的危險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)品的消費(fèi)。know后的賓語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，因此用從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)。9(xx湖南長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué)月考改編)Following the decline in house prices in many small and mediumsized cities, there are now signs _ house prices in major cities may also be set for a slide.答案：that句意為：隨著中小型城市房?jī)r(jià)的下跌，現(xiàn)在有跡象表明在大城市房?jī)r(jià)也可能有下滑的趨勢(shì)。signs后是同位語(yǔ)從句，從句結(jié)構(gòu)和意義完整，用從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)。10(xx重慶一中檢測(cè)改編)Tens of thousands of people marched to the Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial, celebrating the 50th anniversary of Kings famous speech, through which we know _ he said meant to the black.答案：what句意為：數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的人奔向馬丁路德金紀(jì)念碑，慶祝他的那次著名的演講發(fā)表50周年。通過(guò)這個(gè)演講，我們知道他所說(shuō)的對(duì)于黑人的意義。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，指“他所說(shuō)的話”，故填what。11(xx浙江溫州十校聯(lián)考改編)New plans for the college entrance examination in Zhejiang are _ students have to be tested on Chinese, math, English and another three subjects as they prefer.答案：that句意為：浙江的高考新計(jì)劃是考生必須參加語(yǔ)文、數(shù)學(xué)、英語(yǔ)和他們喜歡的其他三科的考試。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，從句中不缺成分和意義，故用that引導(dǎo)。12(xx天津十二區(qū)縣聯(lián)考改編)There is a strong possibility _ man will mainly depend on solar energy in the future.答案：that句意為：人類在將來(lái)主要依靠太陽(yáng)能是非常有可能的。設(shè)空后的從句句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，不缺少成分，且是對(duì)possibility的進(jìn)一步解釋、說(shuō)明，故設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，故填that。13(xx湖南，24改編)As John Lennon once said, life is _ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.答案：what句意為：正如約翰列儂曾經(jīng)所說(shuō)，生活就是在你忙于制訂其他計(jì)劃的時(shí)候發(fā)生在你身上的事情。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句并在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，故填what。14(xx陜西，15改編)_ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.答案：When句意為：延誤的航班將何時(shí)起飛主要取決于天氣。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，depends much on是句子的謂語(yǔ)，_ the delayed flight will take off是句子的主語(yǔ)，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意，設(shè)空處在主語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故填when。15(xx福建，34改編)Pick yourself up. Courage is doing _ youre afraid to do.答案：what/whatever/anything句意為：振作起來(lái)，勇氣就是去做(任何)你害怕做的事。分析題干可知，doing后為賓語(yǔ)從句，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)且表物。也可填anything。16(xx安徽合肥教學(xué)質(zhì)檢改編)The bride and groom gave _ attended their wedding some gifts to share their happiness.答案：whoever句意為：新娘和新郎給每個(gè)參加他們婚禮的人都送了禮物，來(lái)分享他們的幸福。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，意思是“凡是的人”，相當(dāng)于anyone who，故用whoever。17(xx四川成都二診改編)I couldnt imagine _difficult it was for these badly injured victims to make it to the hospital.答案：how句意為：我無(wú)法想象這些嚴(yán)重受傷的受害者能成功到達(dá)醫(yī)院該有多么困難。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，空后是形容詞difficult，應(yīng)該用how修飾，how difficult it was意為“這是多么困難”。18(xx四川，2改編)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “Thats _ I was born.”答案：where句意為：“那就是我出生的地方，”奶奶指著那家醫(yī)院對(duì)我說(shuō)。前面提到了醫(yī)院，所以設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是表地點(diǎn)，故用where引導(dǎo)該表語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。19(xx北京，33改編)Some people believe_has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.答案：whatever句意為：一些人認(rèn)為，無(wú)論是曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)的事情還是現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事情，都會(huì)在將來(lái)重演。從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，且表示“無(wú)論的事情”，故填whatever。20(xx重慶，12改編)Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?Yeah, but I have no idea_he did it; thats one of his favorite universities.答案：why句意為：邁克昨天真的拒絕了耶魯大學(xué)的錄取嗎？是的，可我不知道他為什么那么做；那是他最喜歡的大學(xué)之一。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，用于解釋說(shuō)明idea的內(nèi)容；從句中缺少狀語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意此處表示原因，故用why引導(dǎo)。二、單句改錯(cuò)1(xx河北唐山一中期中)I didnt know what one to buy because these books were all useful to me.答案：what改為which此處表示“不知道該買哪一個(gè)”意義，故“疑問(wèn)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中的疑問(wèn)詞應(yīng)用which。2(xx浙江重點(diǎn)中學(xué)協(xié)作體適應(yīng)性測(cè)試)You want to know that everthing is going in our school.答案：that改為how賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示go的程度，表示“我們學(xué)校的情況如何”，故用how。3(xx四川綿陽(yáng)南山實(shí)驗(yàn)高中一診)The problem is what the “Play” doesnt work at all.答案：what改為that表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在從句中不作成分，而且不表示意義，故用that。what在名詞性從句中需要作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。4(xx貴州遵義航天高級(jí)中學(xué)三模)There is no doubt whether I will achieve great progress in English learning with your assistance.答案：whether改為that否定句或疑問(wèn)句中doubt后的從句用that引導(dǎo)，肯定句doubt后的從句用whether/if引導(dǎo)。There is no doubt that.“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)”。5(xx貴州省貴陽(yáng)市普通高中期末監(jiān)測(cè))At that time, I just wondered that my mother was so delighted.答案：that改為why根據(jù)wonder判斷，引導(dǎo)詞表示“為什么”意義，故用why。句子表示“我不明白為什么媽媽那么高興”。6(xx甘肅西北師大附中月考)Which is worse, they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake.答案：Which改為WhatWhat is worse是固定用法，意為“更糟糕的是”。7(xx河南適應(yīng)性測(cè)試)I went up and asked what I could help them.答案：what改為if/whether 賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞不需要在從句中作成分，再根據(jù)ask判斷句子的引導(dǎo)詞表示疑問(wèn)意義，故應(yīng)為if/whether。8(xx陜西西工大附中二模)As is known to all that millions of graduates crowded into the job market each year.答案：As改為It本句是一個(gè)it作形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的從句作真正主語(yǔ)的句子，故改為it。如果用as，則為As is known to all, millions of graduates.。9(xx云南師大附中月考)That you should learn is how to write down the most important words, not the whole sentence.答案：That改為What主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞需要在從句中作learn的賓語(yǔ)，故用what。10(xx云南統(tǒng)一復(fù)習(xí)檢測(cè))Next, we can know _is going on at any time.答案：whatknow后是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少主語(yǔ)，故填what。三、語(yǔ)法填空Alfred Alder, a famous psychiatrist, had _1_interesting experience. When he was a small boy he got off to a poor start in arithmetic(算術(shù)). His teacher got the idea that he had no ability in arithmetic, and told his parents _2_ she thought in order that they would not expect too much of him. In this way, they too developed the idea, “Isnt it too bad _3_Alfred cant do arithmetic？” He accepted their mistaken estimate of his ability, feeling that it was useless to try. One day he became very angry at the teacher and the other students because they laughed when he said he saw how to do a problem _4_ none of the other students had been able to solve. Alder succeeded in solving the problem. This gave him confidence. He rejected the idea _5_ he could not do arithmetic and was determined to show them that he could. His _6_(angry) and his new found faith stimulated him to go at arithmetic problems with a new spirit. He now worked _7_interest, determination, and purpose, and he soon became _8_(extraordinary) good at arithmetic. He not only proved that he can do arithmetic, but he learned early in life from his own experience, if a person _9_(go) at a job with determination and purpose, his ability may make himself as well as others _10_(astonish)1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._答案：1anexperience在此表示“經(jīng)歷”，是可數(shù)名詞；此處泛指“一次有趣的經(jīng)歷”，用不定冠詞。2what該詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作thought的賓語(yǔ)，指事物，故填what。3thatit是形式主語(yǔ)，要填的詞引導(dǎo)從句作真正主語(yǔ)，而主語(yǔ)從句不缺少成分，表達(dá)陳述意義，所以用that。4which/that所填的詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞problem，并在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，故填which或that。5that該詞引導(dǎo)idea的同位語(yǔ)從句，從句不缺少成分，意義也完整，故填that。6anger前面有his作定語(yǔ)，與his new found faith一起作主語(yǔ)，故填名詞anger。7with此處表示“帶有，有”意義，所以應(yīng)該填介詞with。8extraordinarily修飾形容詞good，意為“極其，極端地”，用副詞。9goesif引導(dǎo)的從句講的是事實(shí)，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是a person，故填goes。10astonished在動(dòng)詞make后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示賓語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)和感受，故填形容詞astonished“驚訝的”。四、短文改錯(cuò)(xx貴州七校聯(lián)考) When it es to the TV, there will be different word in different persons minds. Some people think that watch TV is a good way to relax. Firstly, we can broaden our horizons or know more about the world by watching latest news and reports. Secondly, watching TV is a good way to kill their spare time. Finally, we can predict that may happen in the future and be prepared. Therefore, every coin has its two sides. There are also disadvantages of watching TV. Not only do it do harm to our eyesight, but it also has a bad affect on our studies and everyday life. Definitely, TV plays a big role in our life. We should treat to it in a right way. 答案： When it es to the TV, there will be different in different persons minds. Some people think that TV is a good way to relax. Firstly, we can broaden our horizons know more about the world by watching latest news and reports. Secondly, watching TV is a good way to kill spare time. Finally, we can predict may happen in the future and be prepared. ， every coin has its two sides. There are also disadvantages of watching TV. Not only it do harm to our eyesight, but it also has a bad on our studies and everyday life. Definitely, TV plays a big role in our life. We should treat to it in a right way. 解析：第一處：wordwords名詞前有different修飾，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故將word改為words。第二處：watchwatching句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is，句中缺少主語(yǔ)，且不表目的，因此用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)，故將watch改為watching。第三處：orand根據(jù)句意“首先，我們能夠通過(guò)看最近的新聞和報(bào)道開(kāi)闊視野，并且能夠更多地了解世界”可知，broaden和know是并列關(guān)系，且是肯定句，應(yīng)用and連接。第四處：latest前加thelatest是最高級(jí)，故前面加the。第五處：theirour本文敘述以第一人稱為主，此處指代“我們的”，故將their改為our。第六處：thatwhatpredict后為賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺主語(yǔ)，且指物，故將that改為what。第七處：ThereforeHowever根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系而非因果關(guān)系。第八處：dodoes當(dāng)not only置于句首時(shí)，其后的句子要進(jìn)行部分倒裝，即將助動(dòng)詞提至主語(yǔ)之前，由于句子的主語(yǔ)是it，故助動(dòng)詞用does。第九處：affecteffecthave an effect on.是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“對(duì)有影響”。第十處：去掉totreat是及物動(dòng)詞，接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后不需加介詞。