高一英語 必修1+必修2 語法復習

高一英語語法復習第一模塊：被動態(tài)必修2 Unit2（一般將來時被動態(tài)）必修2 Unit3（現(xiàn)在完成時被動態(tài)）必修2 Unit4（現(xiàn)在進行時被動態(tài)）+ 必修1 Unit3（現(xiàn)在進行時表將來）所有時態(tài)的被動態(tài)都需注意： 1. 介詞短語不能省略（eg. take care ofbe taken care of: of不能?。?2. 一些特殊動詞無被動態(tài)（eg. wash, sell, write, open, cut等及感官動詞: sound, taste, smell, feel, look等）(一) 必修2-Unit2 一般將來時被動態(tài) 用法：發(fā)生在將來的事標志詞：tomorrow, next day/month/year等表將來的詞方法：dobe done (be不能換成am/is/are)結構： will/shall dowill/shall be done （過去時：would/should be done）am/is/are going to doam/is/are going to be done (過去時：was/were going to be done)am/is/are about to doam/is/are about to be done (過去時：was/were about to be done)am/is/are to doam/is/are to be done (過去時：was/were to be done)例子：A new hospital will be built next year.(二) 必修2-Unit 3 現(xiàn)在完成時被動態(tài)用法：動作從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或已經(jīng)結束但對現(xiàn)在有影響標志詞：since, already, yet, for+一段時間, so far, by now.(注意: 句子里出現(xiàn)具體的過去時間<eg. yesterday, last night等.>，就不能用完成時!)方法：donebeen done結構：has/have donehas/have been done (過去時：had been done)例子：This problem has been discussed(討論) for two weeks.(三)Unit 4 現(xiàn)在進行時被動態(tài)用法：現(xiàn)在正在進行的事標志詞：now方法：doingbeing done結構：am/is/are doingam/is/are+being done (過去時：was/were being done)例子：A new hospital is being built now. (四) 必修1 -Unit3 現(xiàn)在進行時表將來結構：am/is/are+V-ing (was/were V-ing)標志詞：移動性V(come/go/leave/arrive,等)+短暫性V (get/start/begin,等）只有這兩種動詞可以用V-ing的形式表將來。例子：Im leaving tomorrow. / He is coming back this Sunday. How are getting there?(你怎么去那里？)第二模塊：定語從句必修1 Unit4 /Unit5 + 必修2 Unit1/Unit5定語從句結構：先行詞+關系詞+定語從句。 例：The girl who is singing there is my girlfriend. 那邊唱歌的那個女孩是我女朋友。 先行詞：the girl; 關系詞：who; 定語從句：is singing there(一) 關系代詞who/whom/which/that/whose （必修1-Unit4）先行詞是人時用：who/whom/that 主語who/that (一般用who) 賓語whom/that/who (一般用whom)例子：The girl who is singing there is my girlfriend. 先行詞是物時用：which/that例子：This is the factory which/that we visited last year.注意1只能用that不用which的情況：先行詞前有下列詞出現(xiàn)時只能用that序數(shù)詞(the first等) 特指(the only/the very) 先行詞同時有人和物 “第一個最好的特指人物嗎？不一定，有疑問?！?在who/which問句中形容詞最高級(the best等) 不定代詞(something/nothing/anything/all等表不確定數(shù)量) 注意2只能用which不用that：1） 有介詞時，介詞+which (介詞只能與which/whom連用)2） 在非限定定語從句（有逗號的定語從句）3） 先行詞為that/those時：Whats that which is floating on the river? 先行詞為“某人的”“某物的”用：whose 例子：The girl whose coat is red called Mary. We are using the book whose title is Top English as our exercise book.(二) 關系副詞 where/when/why （必修1-Unit5）先行詞為地點：where (=at/in/on等介詞+which)例：I will never forget the village where I spent my childhood.先行詞為時間：when (=at/in/on/during等介詞+which) 例：I still remembered the time when I became a senior school student.先行詞為原因(reason)：why (=for which) 例：The reason why he was late is that he missed the first bus.注意：有時先行詞雖然表示地點或時間，但不用where/when而是which/that例：Ill never forget the village that we visited last year. 此處先行詞the village(村莊)表示地點，因為后面的從句we visited(我們訪問)缺少賓語(訪問的對象)，所以用that.例：The reason which/that he made up was hard to accept.從句he made up(他編造)缺賓語。此類題目解題訣竅：看從句有沒缺少主語或賓語，有缺用which/that，不缺where/why.(三)限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句 （必修2-Unit1）區(qū)別：1）有逗號非限制性定從（一定不能用that） 無逗號限制性定從 2）限制性定從先行詞只能為一個詞 非限制性定從先行詞可為一個詞或一個句子（先行詞為一個句子時，用which/as, 句首時用as） 特別考點：1)非限制性定從（有逗號的）不用that； 2)只能用that； 3)只能用which; 4)where/when和which/that; 4)選關系代詞時，一般要排除有it的選項。第三模塊：直接引語與間接引語必修1-Unit1 + 必修1-Unit2區(qū)別：直接引語指直接引用別人說的話，有引號“” 間接引語指用自己的話轉述別人的話，沒有引號?？键c：將直接引語改成間接引語規(guī)則：(一) 人稱要變：一隨主，二隨賓，三不變。例：He said, “Im sorry.” He said that he was sorry. (Ihe) He asked me, “Dou you like me?” He asked me if I like him. (youI, mehim)(二) 時態(tài)要變：變成“過去時”例：He said, “Im sorry.” He said that he was sorry. (I amhe was)注意：時態(tài)不需變化的4種情況：(1)主句謂V為現(xiàn)在時或將來時；（2）所說的內容為客觀真理；（3）所說內容有情態(tài)V(must,need,should,had better,could等); (4) 有具體的時間點（例：at 7:30 pm.）(三) 句子結構變化1) 陳述句：+that(或省略)例：He said, “Im sorry.” He said that he was sorry. 2) 一般疑問句：+if/whether(句子改成陳述語氣)結構：ask sb if/whether+例：He asked me, “Dou you like me?” He asked me if/whether I liked him. 3) 特殊疑問句(wh-或how開頭的問句)結構：ask+wh-/how+陳述語氣的句子例：The boy asked me, “What are you doing?” The boy asked what I was doing.4) 祈使句：do to do (suggest例外: suggest doing sth/suggest thatshould do)結構：ask sb (not) to do sth. (ask也可按照句子意識換成：tell/advise/warn/beg等)例：“Please speak English.” The teacher said to us The teacher asked us to speak English.“Be careful with strangers.” Mr. Black said to her. Mr. Black warned her to be carful with strangers.5) 感嘆句（照抄或改成that引導）例, “What a beautiful girl she is!” he said.He said what a beautiful girl she was. He said that she was a beautiful girl.(四) 其他變化1） 指示代詞：thisthat, thesethose2） 時間狀語：nowthen, agobefore, yesterdaythe day before, todaythat day, tomorrowthe next day, last weekthe week before, this weekthat week, next weekthe next week,3） 地點：herethere4） comego, bringtake, borrowlend, musthave to練習：1. “I dont want to read this book.,” said Anne.Anne said that _ _ want to read _ book.2. “Does Tom have any friend here?” Mary asks me.Mary asks me _ Tom _ any friend here.3. “Why did you go to bed so late last night?” Father asked Jim.Father asked Jim _ he _ _ to bed so late the _ _.練習：1. A new cinema is being built here and it next month. A. is complete B. will complete C. was completed D. will be completed.2. I got caught in the rain and my suit _. A. has ruined B. had ruinedC. has been ruinedD. had been ruined3. We want to sit at the table near the door. Im sorry, but it _ already.A. has been takenB. has takenC. will be takenD. was taken4. Everybody by the sad news yesterday.A. shocked B. was shocked C. has been shocked D. are shocked5. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten you seat belts. The plane .A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off6. When will they leave? -They very soon. A. do leave B. are leaving C. have left D. leave7. Have you moved into your new house? Not yet. The rooms A. are painting B. are painted C. are being painted D. are having painted8. Because the shop , all the T-shirts are sold at half price.A. is closing down B. has closed down C. is being closed down D. had closed down9. Hi, can I use your MP3 this afternoon? Sorry. A. Its repaired B. It has been repaired C. Its being repaired D. It had been repaired.10. Can you lend me your MP3 last week?A. that you bought B. you bought it C. that you bought it D. which you bought it11. Can you see a man and his horse are crossing the bridge?A. which B. who C. that D. they12. The police are running after the man coat is black.A. whos B. whose C. that D. of which13. The girl is reading under tree my sister.A. which; is B. whom; was C. who; is D. who; was14. This is the best hotel in the city I know.A. where B. which C. that D. it15. The reason he was late was that he missed the first bus.A. why B. which C. of which D. where16. The first school we visited last summer was completely damaged in the earthquake.A. where B. where C. that D. which17. I will never forget the day I first met Nelson Mandela.A. where B. which C. who D. when18. I don know the reason they quarreled.A. why B. which C. what D. when19. He the summer Palace.A. suggested us to visit B. suggested visiting C. advised to visit D. warned us to visit.20. Mr. Li told us make so much noise.A. dont B. never C. not to D. to not21. Mr King didnt know _ yesterday evening. A. when does his son come homeB. when his son comes home C. when his son came homeD. when did his son come home