2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語法 專題二 非謂語動詞.doc

2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語法 專題二 非謂語動詞考點1非謂語動詞作狀語1Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way _ the sun and the stars.(xx重慶，11)Aused Bhaving usedCusing Duse2When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，_ whether to stay or leave.(xx湖南，30)Awondering BwonderCto wonder Dwondered3_in painting，John didnt notice evening approaching.(xx天津，5)ATo absorb BTo be absorbedCAbsorbed DAbsorbing4_ for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.(xx天津，8)ATo work BWorkedCTo be working DHaving worked5_ more about Chinese culture，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.(xx福建，28)ALearn BLearnedCTo learn DTo be learning6Time，_ correctly，is money in the bank.(xx湖南，23)Ato use BusedCusing Duse考點歸納1分詞作狀語表示時間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、伴隨或方式、目的、評論性狀語等；現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動，過去分詞表示被動；分詞的完成時表示動作先于謂語動詞發(fā)生。United，we stand；divided，we fall.合則立，分則敗。(表示條件)He entered the room，following his father (followed by his father)他進了房間，跟在他爸爸的后面(他爸爸跟在后面)。(表示伴隨)She fell off her bike，breaking her left leg.她從自行車上摔了下來，摔斷了左腿。(表示結(jié)果)Personally speaking，its a good idea!就我個人而言，我認為這是個好的觀點。(評論性狀語)2不定式作狀語主要表示原因、目的、結(jié)果、評論性狀語等。表原因時通常和形容詞連用，如be happy/sorry/surprised/ashamed等；表目的時其前可加上in order或so as (so as to do一般不放在句首)；表結(jié)果時其前通常與only連用，往往表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。She is interesting to talk to.和她談話很有意思。(表示原因)To succeed，one must first of all believe in himself.要想成功，首先應(yīng)該自信。(表示目的)Tom took a taxi to the airport，only to find his plane high up in the sky.(xx四川，6)湯姆乘出租車去機場，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他要乘坐的飛機高高地飛在空中。(表示結(jié)果)Ive never seen such a person，to tell you the truth.實話告訴你，我從來沒有見過這樣一個人。(評論性狀語)考點2非謂語動詞作定語1Amie Salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _ to guard her.(xx浙江，14)Ato appoint BappointingCappointed Dhaving appointed2There are still many problems _ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.(xx北京，28)Asolving BsolvedCbeing solved Dto be solved3Theres a note pinned to the door _ when the shop will open again.(xx山東，6)Asaying BsaysCsaid Dhaving said考點歸納1分詞作定語，單個分詞作定語一般放在所修飾詞的前面；分詞短語作定語一般放在所修飾詞的后面；分詞的完成時(having done 或having been done)形式一般不作定語?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語表示主動或進行；及物動詞的過去分詞短語作定語表示被動或完成；不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語只表示完成不表示被動。不定式作定語一般放在所修飾的詞之后，不定式表示的是將來的動作，主動形式用to do，被動形式用to be done。This is a problem discussed.This is a problem which was discussed.這是一個已討論了的問題。This is a problem being discussed.This is a problem which is being discussed.這是一個正在被討論的問題。This is a problem to be discussed.This is a problem which is to be discussed.這是一個將要討論的問題。2動名詞作定語表示用途，如swimming pool相當(dāng)于a pool for swimming，reading room相當(dāng)于a room for reading 等。考點3非謂語動詞作賓(主)補1Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother_ good care of at home.(xx陜西，18)Ataking BtakenCtake Dbe taken2Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it _ live is quite another.(xx浙江，18)Aperform BperformingCto perform Dbeing performed3He is thought _ foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.(xx江西，34)Ato act Bto have actedCacting Dhaving acted考點歸納1不定式作賓補有兩種情況：一是帶to，一是不帶to。通常情況下使役動詞及感官動詞后跟不帶to的不定式作賓補，但是變成被動語態(tài)后賓補變?yōu)榱酥餮a，這時不帶to的不定式要變成帶to的不定式。Its hard to persuade Dad to give up smoking.說服爸爸戒煙很難。She is often heard to sing the song.經(jīng)常聽到她唱這首歌。2現(xiàn)在分詞作補語有兩種情況：一是形容詞性質(zhì)的現(xiàn)在分詞作補語表示事物的性質(zhì)特點；二是具有動作性質(zhì)的現(xiàn)在分詞作補語表示動作正在進行。We all think the speech very inspiring.我們都認為這個演講很鼓舞人。He was last seen playing in the garden.最后一次看到他時，他在花園玩耍。3過去分詞作補語表示賓(主)語的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，與賓(主)語之間為被動關(guān)系。Get your answers checked before you hand in the papers.交試卷前，請檢查核對答案。Almost no student is seen punished in that school.在那所學(xué)校幾乎看不到學(xué)生被懲罰?？键c4非謂語動詞作賓語1After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on _ all the people who had helped in her career.(xx陜西，17)Ato thank BthankingChaving thanked Dto have thanked2Its quite hot today.Do you feel like _ for a swim？(xx陜西，12) Ato go BgoingCgo Dhaving gone3The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore，he can go shopping without _.(xx北京，35)Arecognizing Bbeing recognizedChaving recognized Dhaving been recognized考點歸納作賓語的非謂語動詞形式有不定式或動名詞。有些動詞后面只跟不定式作賓語(如want，hope，decide，promise等)；有些動詞后面只跟動名詞作賓語(如admit，advise，allow，avoid，risk，suggest等)；有些動詞后面既可以跟不定式也可以跟動名詞作賓語，但是意思有所不同(如stop，remember，regret，go on等)；在介詞(除but，except之外)后面一般用動名詞作賓語。When it es to speaking in public，no one can match him.(xx江西，26)當(dāng)提及在公共場所發(fā)言時，沒有人能比得上他。I remembered to lock the door before I left the office，but forgot to turn off the lights.(xx安徽，24)離開辦公室前我記著鎖門了，卻忘了關(guān)燈?？键c5非謂語動詞作表語1While waiting for the opportunity to get _，Henry did his best to perform his duty.(xx安徽，32)Apromote BpromotedCpromoting Dto promote2For those with family members far away，the personal puter and the phone are important in staying _.(xx福建，30) Aconnected BconnectingCto connect Dto be connected3The engine just wont start.Something seems _ wrong with it.(xx重慶，34)Ato go Bto have goneCgoing Dhaving gone考點歸納1不定式作表語表示主語的具體內(nèi)容、目的等。My goal is to be a scientist.我的目標是當(dāng)一名科學(xué)家。What strikes me most is to see him always busy.使我感到驚訝的是總看見他很忙碌。2動名詞作表語表示籠統(tǒng)的、抽象的概念。My favorite sport is skiing.我最喜歡的運動是滑雪。Seeing is believing.眼見為實。3作表語的現(xiàn)在分詞，往往具有形容詞的性質(zhì)，用于說明主語的性質(zhì)與特征。過去分詞作表語和系動詞連用，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，往往表示主語所處的一種狀態(tài)，有時候用于getv.ed結(jié)構(gòu)中。The report is very encouraging.這個報告非常鼓舞人心。I got confused，even bored.我被搞得迷惑了，甚至有點煩了?？键c6非謂語動詞作主語1_ your own needs and styles of munication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.(xx湖南，23)AUnderstanding BTo be understoodCBeing understood DHaving understood2Its standard practice for a pany like this one _ a security officer.(xx山東，9)Aemployed Bbeing employedCto employ Demploys3No matter how bright a talker you are，there are times when its better_silent.(xx浙江，3)Aremain Bbe remainingChaving remained Dto remain考點歸納1動名詞作主語往往表示一種概念、習(xí)慣或經(jīng)驗。有時候用it作形式主語，常用于Its useful/nice/useless.等句式中。Going to bed early and rising early is a good habit.早睡早起是個好習(xí)慣。Its no use crying over spilt milk.覆水難收。2不定式作主語往往表示一個具體的動作、一種愿望、目的或未完成的事，通常用形式主語it代替。To stop the work now seems impossible.It seems impossible to stop the work now.現(xiàn)在停止這項工作似乎是不可能的。To see is to believe.百聞不如一見?？键c7獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)1Much time _ sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.(xx江蘇，24)Abeing spent Bhaving spentCspent Dspending2The lecture _，a lively questionandanswer session followed.(xx江蘇，29)Abeing given Bhaving givenCto be given Dhaving been given3The party will be held in the garden，weather_.(xx新課標全國，28)Apermitting Bto permitCpermitted Dpermit4The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _ them.(xx遼寧，25)Ato follow BfollowingCfollowed Dfollows考點歸納1獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)由“普通格名詞(或主格代詞)分詞、不定式、名詞、形容詞、副詞或介詞短語”構(gòu)成，在句中作狀語，通常用逗號與句子的其他部分隔開。Mary ing back，they discussed it together.瑪麗回來后，他們一起討論了那件事。Good luck given，I will earn more money than all of you.運氣好的話，我掙的錢將比你們所有人掙得都多。2介詞獨立結(jié)構(gòu)with sb./sth.doing/done/to do，其中非謂語動詞作賓補，根據(jù)賓語和賓補之間的關(guān)系確定用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞。He lay there with his eyes looking at the sky.他躺在那里，眼望天空。3there be句型的非謂語形式Ive never dreamed of there being a picture on the wall.我從未想到墻上會有幅畫。I expect there to be many chances for her to get a job.我希望她有很多機會找到工作。There being ice on the road，I told the driver to slow down.路上有冰，我讓司機減速慢行。There having been no water for two days，the travelers were all very thirsty.因為兩天沒有水了，所有游客都非常渴了?？键c8“連詞分詞(短語)”結(jié)構(gòu)1Video games can be a poor influence if _ in the wrong hands.(xx湖南，24)Ato leave BleavingCleave Dleft2Children，when _ by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.(xx湖南，21)Ato be acpanied Bto acpanyCacpanying Dacpanied3Once_，Jo devoted her life to looking after children and being a fulltime homemaker.(xx上海春招，33)Ahaving married Bbeing marriedCmarrying Dmarried考點歸納分詞短語作狀語時，有時前面可用一個連詞，表示強調(diào)或出于表達需要，常用的連詞有：when，while，after，before，if，though，whether.or.，unless，as if等。有時這種結(jié)構(gòu)可看成是狀語從句的省略。After taking the medicine，she felt better.吃過藥后，她感覺好些了。The man will die unless operated at once.除非立刻動手術(shù)，不然那人就會死。解題方法方法1正確判斷非謂語動詞句子按結(jié)構(gòu)分為三類，即簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。并列句和復(fù)合句都需要連詞來引導(dǎo)，如果句子中出現(xiàn)了連詞，應(yīng)選謂語動詞形式；如果兩個結(jié)構(gòu)中未出現(xiàn)連詞，則考慮用非謂語動詞。_many times，but he still couldnt understand it.AHaving been told BToldCHe was told DThough he had been told答案C解析用連詞but引導(dǎo)并列句，因此，前面與后句一樣也是個獨立的句子，故選C項。方法2正確判斷非謂語動詞和邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系確定要選非謂語動詞之后，第二步要找到其邏輯主語。非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞的特點，其邏輯上的動作執(zhí)行者就叫作邏輯主語。非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語須和句子的真正主語一致，找不到其邏輯主語時，整個句子或句子的主語就是非謂語動詞的邏輯主語。正確判斷非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系是正確選擇非謂語動詞形式的保證，不管是作什么成分的非謂語動詞都體現(xiàn)以下特點：1如果非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語之間是主謂關(guān)系，可用現(xiàn)在分詞；2如果非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語之間是動賓關(guān)系，可用過去分詞。_ from the top of the tower，the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.ASeen BSeeingCHaving seen DTo see答案A解析句意為：從塔頂看，這座山的南邊腳下是樹的海洋。seen from the top of the tower是一個過去分詞短語，在句子中作狀語，其邏輯主語是句子的主語the south foot，它們之間是動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。方法3正確判斷非謂語動詞和謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間先后順序非謂語動詞具備動詞的一些特點，也可以有動作發(fā)生的時間，對于謂語動詞，我們用時態(tài)來表示動作發(fā)生的時間；對于非謂語動詞不能用時態(tài)來表示動作發(fā)生的時間。非謂語動詞所表示的時間是一個相對時間，即相對于謂語動詞的時間而言。同時也需要了解非謂語動詞的不同形式所指時間的含義。如to have done，having done表示該動作在謂語動作之前發(fā)生；to be doing，doing強調(diào)與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生。Dina，_ for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.Astruggling BstruggledChaving struggled Dto struggle答案C解析句意為：Dina，奮斗了幾個月，想找個做女服務(wù)員的工作，最后在當(dāng)?shù)匾患覐V告社謀到了一個職位。因Dina與struggle之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系；且struggle發(fā)生在took之前，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式作定語。1Early in the morning，an old craftsman was invited to our class，bringing a large suitcase of tools and materials.(xx北京，書面表達二)一大早，一位老藝人帶著一大箱工具和材料被邀請到我們的教室。(現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語)2Being a poor student，the boy couldnt afford candles for light.(xx福建)因為是一個窮學(xué)生，這個小男孩買不起照明用的蠟燭。(現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語)3It takes four to six weeks to finish the report.(xx廣東，基礎(chǔ)寫作)完成這份報告需要四到六周的時間。(不定式作主語)4Thinking that his solution might be wrong，I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way.(xx湖北)考慮到他的解決方法可能不對，我仔細分析了這個問題并盡量用不同的方法去解決。(現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語)5Secondly，I will have enough motivation to make more progress in my study and many other things.(xx湖南)其次，我將有足夠的動力在學(xué)習(xí)以及其他很多方面取得更大的進步。(不定式作定語)6In fact，traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order.(xx江蘇)事實上，交通規(guī)則是與公共秩序密切相關(guān)的規(guī)則。(過去分詞作定語)7Our class plan to visit the nursing home this Sunday in order to help the elderly there and enrich our afterclass life at the same time.(xx全國)我們班本周日計劃參觀敬老院，其目的是幫助那里的老年人同時豐富我們的課外生活。(不定式作賓語和目的狀語)8Sometimes giving up a little can mean getting more.(xx浙江)有時候適當(dāng)放棄意味著有更多的收獲。(動名詞作主語和賓語)提醒：完成作業(yè)強化練(二)強化練(二)非謂語動詞(建議用時：12分鐘)1Johnson is said to be the first young teacher _ to professor in your university this year.Exactly._ of his own petence is an important factor in his success.(xx泰州二模，25)Apromoted；ConvincingBto have been promoted；ConvincingCpromoted；ConvincedDto have been promoted；Being convinced2Flocks of customers joined Alibaba Singles Day，Hong Kong，the US.and Russia _ the top three outside.(xx南京、鹽城二模，26)Aclaimed Bto be claimedCclaiming Dbeing claimed3Joint development plan of NanjingZhenjiangYangzhou _，the residents of the areas will enjoy a happier life.(xx揚州一模，30)Awas released Bbeing releasedCreleased Dhaving released4Could you please explain the assignment for Monday，Miss Smith?Certainly.Read the next chapter and e to class _ to discuss what youve read.(xx南京、鹽城一模，24)Apreparing BpreparedCto prepare Dto be prepared5Acceptance is not about liking a situation.It is about acknowledging all that has been lost and _ to live with that loss.(xx南京三模，24)Alearning BlearnedCto learn Dhaving learned6Who do the passengers on board think it is up to _ a final decision about such a matter？(xx南通第二次調(diào)研，34)Amake BmakingCto make Dto be making7The first time I saw him，what impressed me most were his waistline _ nearly 3 chi and his obesity _ 210 jin.(xx江蘇百校聯(lián)考，33)Ameasured；weighed Bmeasuring；weighingCmeasured；weighing Dmeasuring；weighed8One third of the Ukrainian population live in the eastern region near Russia and speak Russian，most of them _ closer to Russia.(xx蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)二模，27)Aare feeling BfeelCfeeling Dare felt9Have you seen the boys _ Little Apple？Thats such a beautiful scene that I dare not have my eyes _ on it.Adancing；fixing Bdance；fixingCdance；fixed Dto dance；fixed10Chinas emerce giant Alibaba had an amazing year as the Nov.11 shopping carnival set a new record，the Double Twelve shopping day _ with success.Ahaving followed BfollowingCfollowed Dto follow11All of us have read thrilling stories in which the heroes have only a limited time to live.Such stories set us _，_ what we should do under similar circumstances.Athinking；wondering Bto think；wonderingCthinking；to wonder Dto think；to wonder12Carbon dioxide is said _ the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.Ato be heated Bto be heatingCto have heated Dto have been heated13_ by flowers and applause doesnt necessarily mean one is living a happy life.AAcpanied BHaving acpaniedCTo be acpanied DBeing acpanied14Over 200,000 hotel reservations were made in Hong Kong through Taobao last year，_ it the most popular travel destination among Chinese netizens.Amaking Bto makeChaving made Dmade15_ nice，the food was all eaten up soon.ATasting BTasteCTasted DTo taste16Have you seen the boys _ “Little Apple”？Thats such a beautiful scene that I dare not have my eye _ on it.Adancing；fixing Bdance；fixingCto dance；fixed Ddance；fixed17Shanghai is the first city in the world _ a highspeed maglev train，from the city to Pudong Airport.Ato build Bto be builtCto have built Dto have been built18_ the deaf children，the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.ADevoted to teachBDevoted herself to teachingCDevoting to teachDDevoting herself to teaching19Fear is one of the many enemies hidden inside us，and if _ uncontrolled，it can destroy our lives.Aleaving BleftChaving left Dto be left20It is considered that there is a tenmonth supply of newlybuilt houses _ in our city.Ato be sold Bhaving soldCselling Dsold學(xué)生用書答案精析專題二非謂語動詞考點11C考查非謂語動詞作方式狀語。句意為：就像古時候的水手一樣，鳥能利用太陽和星星找到它們的路。根據(jù)語境，use與其句中隱含的邏輯主語birds之間為主動關(guān)系，故用v.ing形式的一般式，在句中作方式狀語，相當(dāng)于by using the sun and the stars的省略。2A考查非謂語動詞作伴隨狀語。句意為：那名店員看到一張友善的臉，臉上因歉意的微笑布滿了皺紋，這時她愣在了那里，琢磨著是走還是留。句子的主語she與wonder之間是主動關(guān)系，且wonder與主句謂語stood是同時發(fā)生的，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。3C考查非謂語動詞作原因狀語。句意為：由于專心于繪畫，約翰沒有注意到夜幕正在降臨。此處的Absorbed in painting相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句Because he was absorbed in painting的省略。4D考查非謂語動詞作時間狀語。句意為：工作了兩天后，史蒂夫設(shè)法準時完成了報告。動詞work與句子主語Steve之間為主謂關(guān)系，故要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式；同時work的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞managed to finish之前，故要用完成時。5C考查非謂語動詞作目的狀語。句意為：為了了解更多的中國文化，杰克決定選擇中國民族音樂作為選修課。逗號后面沒有連詞，可以判斷此處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞，排除A項；learn與其邏輯主語Jack之間是主動關(guān)系，排除B項；此處用動詞不定式作目的狀語。6B考查非謂語動詞作條件狀語。句意為：使用得當(dāng)，時間就是銀行里的錢。要填的是非謂語形式，而且use和主語time是動賓關(guān)系，所以要用過去分詞表被動，相當(dāng)于一個條件狀語從句：if it (time) is used correctly。考點21C考查過去分詞作定語。句意為：Amie Salmon是個殘疾人，在校期間由委派來看護她的一位護士全程照顧。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是a nurse的后置定語；a nurse與appoint之間為被動關(guān)系，故要用過去分詞(appointed)作定語。2D考查不定式作定語。句意為：在我們準備在月球上長住之前，還有很多問題需要解決。由there are可知設(shè)空處為非謂語動詞作后置定語，修飾problems；根據(jù)時間狀語從句before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon可知，動作solve發(fā)生在將來，故用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)；而且problems與solve之間存在被動關(guān)系，故用不定式的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。3A考查現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知句中已經(jīng)有了謂語動詞is，故首先排除B項says。A項saying表示主動；C項said表示被動；D項having said表示動作先于is的動作發(fā)生。從邏輯關(guān)系上看，note與say之間是主動關(guān)系，所以選A項，在此用現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語。考點31B考查非謂語動詞作賓補。句意為：李博士在非洲進行了兩年的醫(yī)療服務(wù)，回來后看到他的母親在家里被照顧得很好他很高興。此處是“see賓語賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語補足語可以是do，doing或者done。若賓語與補語之間是主動關(guān)系，且強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的全過程，用省略to的動詞不定式，即do；若賓語與補語之間是主動關(guān)系，且強調(diào)動作正在進行，用doing；若賓語與補語之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作賓補。此處his mother與take good care of之間是被動關(guān)系，故選B項。2D考查非謂語動詞作賓補。句意為：在家聽音樂是一回事，去現(xiàn)場聽正在被演奏的音樂完全是另外一回事。題干中含有“hear賓語賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語it(指代music)與perform之間存在被動關(guān)系，且此處表示去現(xiàn)場聽正在被演奏的音樂，故應(yīng)用being performed作賓語補足語。3B考查非謂語動詞作主補。sb.be thought to.某人被認為，是固定句式。句意為：他被認為是舉止愚蠢的，現(xiàn)在失去這份工作他只能責(zé)怪自己，不能怨別人。根據(jù)句意可知，他表現(xiàn)很糟糕是在丟掉工作之前，所以用不定式的完成式。故B項正確?？键c41A考查不定式作賓語。句意為：在獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角獎之后，安妮本尼迪克特繼續(xù)感謝所有曾經(jīng)在她的事業(yè)中幫助她的人。go on to do sth.繼續(xù)做另一件事；go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做同一件事。拿獎后又繼續(xù)做另一件事，即“感謝所有幫助過她的人”，所以選A。2B考查動名詞作賓語。句意為：今天很熱。你想去游泳嗎？feel like想要，后面接名詞、代詞或動名詞。feel like doing sth.表示“想要做某事”。D項having gone表示動作已完成，不符合語境。3B考查動名詞的被動式作賓語。句意為：那位影星戴著墨鏡，因此他可以在沒人認出的情況下購物了。without為介詞，后面接動名詞形式；the film star與recognize之間存在被動關(guān)系，故用動名詞的被動式，即“being done”結(jié)構(gòu)?？键c51B考查現(xiàn)在分詞作表語。句意為：當(dāng)?shù)却龣C會升職的時候，Henry盡最大努力履行職責(zé)。這里使用了get done結(jié)構(gòu)，表示被動關(guān)系。2A考查形容詞作表語。句意為：對那些與家人離得比較遠的人來說，個人電腦和電話在保持聯(lián)系方面很重要。本句中的關(guān)鍵詞是stay(保持)，它是一個連系動詞，后接形容詞作表語。connected可作形容詞，意為“有聯(lián)系的，有來往的”，符合句意。3B考查不定式作表語。動詞seem后只能接不定式，不接doing，故排除C、D兩項；又go wrong動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前，故用不定式的完成式?？键c61A考查非謂語動詞。_ your own needs and styles of munication作題干的主語，應(yīng)用動名詞形式；因為“了解”的動作由自己發(fā)出，用主動動作；且是陳述一個客觀事實，用動名詞的一般式，故選A。2C考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的“_ a security officer”；再根據(jù)句型“It isn.for sb.to do sth.”，故選to employ。3D句意為：不論一個健談?wù)叨嗝绰斆?，有些時候最好還是保持沉默。復(fù)合句中when引導(dǎo)的從句的主語為形式主語it，此時真正的主語可以為主語從句或不定式。 考點71C考查獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為：由于大部分時間坐在辦公桌前，辦公室職員通常被健康問題所困擾。由于句中沒有連詞，故前半句要用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；time與spend之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。2D考查獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為：演講結(jié)束后，緊跟著是一個生動的互動環(huán)節(jié)。由于句中沒有連詞，故前半句要用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；the lecture與give之間為被動關(guān)系，且動作發(fā)生在動詞follow之前，故選D項。3A考查獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為：如果天氣允許的話，聚會將在花園里舉行。weather permitting是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，即if weather permits。4B考查with結(jié)構(gòu)。with后跟名詞或者代詞作賓語，后面的動詞要用非謂語形式，這樣可以排除D項。follow的動作是dog發(fā)出的，因此是主動關(guān)系，排除C項；動詞不定式表達將來的動作，而此處表達的是伴隨發(fā)生的動作，因此排除A項。故選B項。句意為：晚飯后這對老夫妻經(jīng)常在公園里散步，他們的寵物狗跟在他們后面?？键c81D考查非謂語動詞。句意為：如果落在不合適的人的手中，電子游戲就會有一個很壞的影響。leave的邏輯主語是video games，它們之間是動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。if left.是“連詞過去分詞”構(gòu)成的狀語從句的省略。2D考查非謂語動詞。句意為：孩子們在父母的陪同下才被允許進入該體育館。因為children和acpany之間是被動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該使用過去分詞acpanied。此處是狀語從句的省略。當(dāng)主從句的主語一致，且從句謂語中含有be動詞時，可將從句中的主語和be動詞一起省略，本題中的從句還原后是when they are acpanied by their parents。3D考查非謂語動詞。句意為：一旦結(jié)婚了，喬會全身心地照看孩子，當(dāng)家庭主婦。從句是省略句，完整句為once she was married。二輪專題強化練答案精析強化練(二)非謂語動詞1D句意為：據(jù)說約翰遜是今年你們大學(xué)第一個被晉升為教授的青年教師。確實。相信他自己的能力是他成功的重要因素。由于young teacher前有the first修飾，故其后用動詞不定式作定語；約翰遜已經(jīng)被提拔，應(yīng)用to have ben promoted結(jié)構(gòu)；另外，根據(jù)convince的用法，構(gòu)成be convinced of.，此處作主語，故用動名詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)，選D項。2C句意為：成群的顧客加入了阿里巴巴的光棍節(jié)，香港、美國和俄羅斯成為大陸以外的前三甲。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句后半部分應(yīng)該是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，Hong Kong，the US.and Russia為claim的邏輯主語，與claim之間存在主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，故選C項。3C句意為：南京、鎮(zhèn)江、揚州聯(lián)合發(fā)展計劃已經(jīng)公布，這些區(qū)域的居民將享受更加幸福的生活。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，逗號前應(yīng)為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；另外plan是被公布，而且是已經(jīng)被公布，應(yīng)用過去分詞，故選C項。4B句意為：史密斯小姐，請說明一下周一的任務(wù)好嗎？當(dāng)然可以。閱讀下一章，來上課的時候準備好討論你所讀的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)為狀語，表示狀態(tài)。句子的邏輯主語與prepare之間存在被動關(guān)系，用prepared表示被動和完成，說明到學(xué)校的時候已經(jīng)準備好了，而不是正在準備或?qū)⒁獪蕚?，故選B項。5A句意為：接受不是說喜歡某種情況，而是承認你所失去的并學(xué)會在有損失的情況下繼續(xù)生活下去。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知and連接兩個并列成分，acknowledging.和learning to.都作介詞about的賓語，都用動名詞形式，故選A項。6C句意為：船上的乘客認為該由誰來就這樣的事情做出最后的決定呢？特殊疑問詞who是up to的賓語。It is up to sb.to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中it為形式主語，to do sth.為真正的主語，故選C項。7B句意為：我第一次見到他的時候，給我印象最深刻的是他那將近三尺的腰圍和210斤的體重。第一空用measuring nearly 3 chi作定語，修飾waistline，waistline與measure之間存在主動關(guān)系；第二空用weighing 210 jin作定語，修飾his obesity，同樣his obesity與weigh之間也存在主動關(guān)系，兩空都用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，故選B項。8C句意為：三分之一的烏克蘭人居住在靠近俄羅斯的東部地區(qū)，說的語言是俄語，他們中的大多數(shù)人感覺跟俄羅斯更親近。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，逗號后面的內(nèi)容不應(yīng)該構(gòu)成句子，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，故選C項。9C考查非謂語動詞作補語。句意為：你見過那些男生跳小蘋果嗎？畫面太美不忍直視。see sb.do sth.表示“見過某人做某事”；第二個空構(gòu)成短語fix ones eyes on sth.，eyes和fix之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞作補語，故選C。