2019-2020年中考英語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題突破 專(zhuān)題十 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 人教新目標(biāo)版.doc

2019-2020年中考英語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題突破 專(zhuān)題十 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 人教新目標(biāo)版【滿分點(diǎn)撥】1動(dòng)詞的五種基本形式變化表英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有五種基本形式，即動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)(現(xiàn)在式)、過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。形式構(gòu)成例詞動(dòng)詞原形沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)任何變形，就是詞典中一般給出的形式be，do，have，e第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)一般在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加sworkworksreadreads以s，o，x，z，sh，ch結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，后加esgogoeswashwashes以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)將y改為i再加esflyfliesstudystudies過(guò)去式與過(guò)去分詞一般在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加edworkworkedstaystayed在以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后只加dcloseclosedlikeliked以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)將y改為i再加edstudystudiedcarrycarried以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫(xiě)此輔音字母再加edstopstoppedplanplanned現(xiàn)在分詞一般在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加ingsleepsleepingwaitwaiting以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去e再加ingsmilesmilingmovemoving以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫(xiě)此輔音字母再加ingsitsittingdigdiggingplanplanning少數(shù)以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變ie為y，再加ingdiedyinglielying常見(jiàn)的短暫性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：短暫性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞have closed/openedhave been closed/openhave diedhave been deadhave lefthave been awayhave begun/startedhave been onhave finished/endedhave been overhave beehave beenhave borrowedhave kepthave boughthave hadhave joinedhave been a member of/have been inhave left sp.have been away from sp.have fallen asleephave been asleephave put onhave wornhave caught/got a coldhave had a coldhave got to knowhave known2.常見(jiàn)6種時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法河北中考對(duì)于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)都有考查，須掌握這些時(shí)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成和功能。種類(lèi)意義構(gòu)成特點(diǎn)時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞例句備注一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作；2目前的狀態(tài)；3客觀真理be用am/is/are；主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，作謂語(yǔ)的行為動(dòng)詞詞尾加s/es；其他人稱(chēng)和數(shù)用動(dòng)詞原形。often，sometimes，usually，always，twice a month，on Sundays，every week/month/year(every系列)He usually leaves for school at 7 in the morning.他經(jīng)常早上7點(diǎn)去學(xué)校。The moon moves around the earth.月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)1.過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；2過(guò)去存在的狀態(tài)be用was/were；其他動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式j(luò)ust now， ago，in 1980，last night/week/month(last系列)，this morning，yesterday，the other day，used toWe went to the History Museum last Monday.上周一我們?nèi)チ藲v史博物館。I was busy yesterday.我昨天很忙。一般將來(lái)時(shí)1.將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；2將來(lái)存在的狀態(tài)1.助動(dòng)詞will(shall)動(dòng)詞原形2am/is/are going to動(dòng)詞原形tomorrow，from now on，soon，in the future，next year/week/month/term(next系列)I will meet you at the school gate tomorrow.明天早上我將在校門(mén)口見(jiàn)你。Ill be 15 next week.下周我就15歲了。在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)說(shuō)話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作am/is/are動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞now，at present，at the moment，look，listenThe telephone is ringing.Could you answer it，please？電話響了，你可以接聽(tīng)一下嗎？表示位置移動(dòng)或狀態(tài)變化的動(dòng)詞，如：e，go，leave等詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式可表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去某一階段或某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作was/were動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞at 1：00 last night，at that moment，表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)從句I was reading when he came in.當(dāng)他進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候，我正在讀書(shū)。He was always plaining about something.他總是抱怨一些事情。在復(fù)合句中，如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，那么延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，短暫性動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，通常在when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中出現(xiàn)。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作；對(duì)現(xiàn)在還有影響；2從過(guò)去開(kāi)始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)have/has動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞yet，just，before，recently，once，already，lately，ever，never，since 1996，for ten yearsHe has only been to the Great Wall once.他去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城一次。I have been in the Youth Volunteers for five years.我來(lái)到青年志愿者有五年了。1.since后面的從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；2.短暫性動(dòng)詞不與一段時(shí)間連用。如果要與一般時(shí)間連用必須換成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。(見(jiàn)上表)河北中考重難點(diǎn)突破【考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)】一、詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用1Grandma usually _ early in the morning.(醒來(lái))2When we _ western culture with Chinese culture，youll find many differences.(比較)3That pany _ us with 3，000 dollars in xx.(提供)4The thief s_ food from the supermarket and was caught by the policemen.5The wind _ the clouds and the sky was clear.(sweep away)6We still dont know when your friend _ here.(e)7I overslept this morning.By the time I got to the train station，the train _(leave)8I _ a novel last night when I heard knocks at the door.(read)二、連詞成句9is，handbag，her，this_?10are，do，you，now，what_?11make，a，in，mistake，class，he，yesterday_.12learn，I，for，English，three，have，years_.13watch TV，last，I，call，you，night，was，when_.14she，year，to，will，senior，school，next，go_.三、單項(xiàng)選擇()15.We make it a rule that each of us _ the bedroom one day a week.Ahas cleanedBhave cleanedCcleans Dclean()16.Mr.Green，a famous writer，_ our school next week.Avisited BvisitsCwas visiting Dwill visit()17.The last time I _ to the cinema was two years ago.Ago Bhave goneChave been Dwent()18.Look，some people _ photos on the beach.Atook BtakesCare taking Dwas taking()19.My brother _ books at that moment.Aread Bwas readingCwill read Dhave read()20.(xx保定8中模擬)I _ Mr.Smith since he moved to Shanghai.Adidnt hear fromBdont hear fromCwont hear formDhavent heard from一、時(shí)態(tài)的判斷根據(jù)河北近5年真題分析可以看出，初中階段需掌握六種基本時(shí)態(tài)。學(xué)生應(yīng)掌握動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的判斷技巧來(lái)解題，如根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)確定時(shí)態(tài)；利用上下文語(yǔ)意判斷句子的時(shí)態(tài)；根據(jù)上下文已有的時(shí)態(tài)信息確定時(shí)態(tài)；在復(fù)合句中根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)確定時(shí)態(tài)；固定句型與動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)間的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系；根據(jù)特定動(dòng)詞與時(shí)態(tài)的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系；根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)中的“特殊”對(duì)策(如客觀真理等)。【方法突破】1根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)確定時(shí)態(tài)(xx年34題，xx年36題，xx年39題，xx年45題，xx年43題)根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)判斷時(shí)態(tài)在河北中考中主要體現(xiàn)在詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用和連詞成句題型中。now，at present，at the moment，these days，look，listen等標(biāo)志著現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；just now，ago，in 1980，this morning，yesterday，the other day，used to，last night/week/month /year(last系列)等標(biāo)志著一般過(guò)去時(shí)；at 1：00 last night，at that moment，this time yesterday等標(biāo)志著過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)；tomorrow，from now on，soon，in the future，next week/month/year(next系列)等標(biāo)志著一般將來(lái)時(shí)；yet，just，before，recently，once，already，lately，ever，never，since 1996，for ten years等標(biāo)志著現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。除了上面這些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提示時(shí)態(tài)外，某些副詞也有這種作用，如：often，always，usually，never，seldom等表示頻率的副詞應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)?！镜淅饰觥?xx河北34題)()Were proud that China _ stronger and stronger these years.Awill beeBbecameCis being Dwas being【答案】C【解題技巧】考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：我們自豪地是現(xiàn)在中國(guó)正變得越來(lái)越大了。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)these days“如今，現(xiàn)在”，是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志。故本題選C。2利用上下文語(yǔ)意判斷句子的時(shí)態(tài)(xx年31題，xx年37題，xx年42題，xx年36題，xx年43題，xx年38題，xx年40題，xx年41題，2011年38題，2011年42題)如果一個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子中既沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，也沒(méi)有可供判斷時(shí)態(tài)的上下文，那么就應(yīng)當(dāng)把這個(gè)句子翻譯成中文，利用我們的母語(yǔ)知識(shí)來(lái)判斷這個(gè)句子該用何種時(shí)態(tài)。【典例剖析】(xx河北31題)()I _ the shops.Can I get you anything?Ago to Bwent toChave gone to Dam going to【答案】D【解題技巧】考查一般將來(lái)時(shí)。句意：我將去商店，我能給你買(mǎi)些東西嗎？根據(jù)Can I get you anything？可知?jiǎng)幼鳑](méi)有發(fā)生，故用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，go的將來(lái)時(shí)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示。故選D。3根據(jù)上下文已有的時(shí)態(tài)信息確定時(shí)態(tài)(xx年37題，xx年40題，xx年37題，xx年43題)有些試題雖然看起來(lái)沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提示詞，也不是出現(xiàn)在復(fù)合句中，但是上下句的動(dòng)作存在著明顯的時(shí)間順序差距，因此可根據(jù)上下文已有的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)判斷本句所要選用的時(shí)態(tài)?！镜淅饰觥?xx河北32題)()Paula is pleased that she _ her lost watch.Afinds BfoundChas found Dwill find【答案】C【解題技巧】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意：Paula是高興的，她找到了她丟失的手表。根據(jù)找到丟失的手表，可知?jiǎng)幼靼l(fā)生在過(guò)去，又根據(jù)前文is pleased，可知過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。4在復(fù)合句中根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)確定時(shí)態(tài)主從復(fù)合句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的一致主要有以下幾種情況：“主將從現(xiàn)”原則。如果主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句是由when，after，before，notuntil，as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句以及由if，unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)間。(xx年35題)【典例剖析】(xx河北35題)()Henry will give us a report as soon as he _Awill arrive Bwas arrivingCarrives Darrived【答案】C【解題技巧】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。as soon as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，即主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選C?！皶r(shí)態(tài)一致”原則。在含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須用相應(yīng)的某種過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。(xx年45題)【典例剖析】(xx河北45題)()I didnt understand _，so I raised my hand to ask.Awhat my teacher saysBwhat does my teacher sayCwhat my teacher saidDwhat did my teacher say【答案】C【解題技巧】考查賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序及時(shí)態(tài)。賓語(yǔ)從句需用陳述句語(yǔ)序，排查B和D項(xiàng)。再根據(jù)“時(shí)態(tài)一致”原則，即主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須用相應(yīng)的某種過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。故選C。在主從復(fù)合句中，如果主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過(guò)去，而且有明顯的先后順序，那么，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，短暫性動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。通常在when和while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)。(xx年27題，xx年35題，xx年34題)【典例剖析】(xx河北27題)()The Children _ a PE.class on the playground when it suddenly began to rain.Ahave Bare havingChad Dwere having【答案】D【解題技巧】考查過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，且“begin”為短暫性動(dòng)詞，那主句表示延續(xù)性的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，后面跟的賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，可根據(jù)具體情況，選用各種合適的時(shí)態(tài)。(xx年45題，2011年45題，xx年45題，xx年45題，xx年45題)【典例剖析】(2011年河北45題)()Jenny is on holiday now.I wonder _Awhen she will e backBwhen she came backCwhen will she e backDwhen did she e back【答案】A【解題技巧】考查賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序及時(shí)態(tài)。賓語(yǔ)從句需用陳述句語(yǔ)序，排查C和D項(xiàng)。本題遵循當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，后面跟的賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制。再根據(jù)上句她正在度假可知回來(lái)肯定是將來(lái)的事。故選A。在含有“since從句”的主從復(fù)合句中，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。另外，在“Its一段時(shí)間since從句”句式中，since后面的從句一般用一般過(guò)去時(shí)?！镜淅饰觥?xx安徽中考改編)()Rick _ a lot about Chinese culture since he came to China.Alearns BlearnedChas learned Dare learning【答案】C【解題技巧】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。since引導(dǎo)的主從復(fù)合句中“主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)”。所以本題可根據(jù)從句中的“came”判斷出主句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，自從他來(lái)中國(guó)后就一直學(xué)習(xí)中國(guó)文化這個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但是到目前為止還沒(méi)有結(jié)束且可能還會(huì)持續(xù)下去。故選C。5固定句型與動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)間的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系(xx年36題)在英語(yǔ)中，不少句型與一些動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用方面都存在著特定的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，如：在“祈使句and/or陳述句”句型中，陳述句中用will表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)?！镜淅饰觥?xx河北36題)()Keep practicing and you _ your English.Aimprove Bwill improveCimproved Dwere improved【答案】B【解題技巧】考查一般將來(lái)時(shí)。這是“祈使句and/ or陳述句”句型，陳述句的謂語(yǔ)要用“will動(dòng)詞原形”，故選B。在This/That/It is the first time that句型中用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。若is改為was，就用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；有時(shí)以上結(jié)構(gòu)中的first也可換成second，third，fourth等；其中的time也可換成其他名詞?！镜淅饰觥?)Do you know our town at all?No，this is the first time I _ here.AwasBhave beenCcameDam ing【答案】B【解題技巧】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。This is the first time后面所加從句應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選B。6根據(jù)特定動(dòng)詞與時(shí)態(tài)的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系(xx年44題)在英語(yǔ)里有些動(dòng)詞與時(shí)態(tài)有著特定的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，如see(看見(jiàn))，hear(聽(tīng)見(jiàn))，find(找到)等詞的用法與上下文的時(shí)態(tài)有對(duì)應(yīng)的提示作用，如see sb. do/doing sth.，hear sb. do/doing sth.【典例剖析】(xx河北37題)()I saw Jeff in the park.He _ on the grass and reading a book.Asits BsatCis sitting Dwas sitting【答案】D【解題技巧】考查過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)上文語(yǔ)境“我看到杰夫在公園里”。saw表明動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去。又根據(jù)reading a book，可知前后句表并列關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。7根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)中的“特”對(duì)策(如客觀真理等)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句表述的是客觀事實(shí)、科學(xué)真理、格言或現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣行為時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的限制，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?！镜淅饰觥?)The teacher told us that light _ faster than sound.Atraveled BtravelsCis traveling Dwill travel【答案】B【解題技巧】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。由常識(shí)可知“光比聲音傳播得快”是客觀真理，必須使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選B。二、常見(jiàn)易混時(shí)態(tài)辨析1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的易混辨析一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，或現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)長(zhǎng)期性、穩(wěn)定性；而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)是指現(xiàn)在此刻或現(xiàn)在這一時(shí)期內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)暫時(shí)性，不穩(wěn)定性。如：He usually gets up at six in the morning.(經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作)She is an English woman.(現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài))We are working on the farm these days.(現(xiàn)在這期間的動(dòng)作，表示這幾天暫時(shí)在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上幫忙)Look！The boys are fighting.(現(xiàn)在此刻所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作)注意：不宜用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：表示心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞，如：love，like，hate，care，know，understand，forget，remember，believe，want，agree，wish，mean等；表示存在的動(dòng)詞，如：be，lie(位于)等；表示一瞬間就發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，如：get，buy，end，receive等。如：I like English very much.我非常喜歡英語(yǔ)。(表示情感)Mexico lies to the south of Texas.墨西哥位于得克薩斯州的南邊。(表示存在)2一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的易混辨析兩者都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情。但一般過(guò)去時(shí)只強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情本身，不涉及與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。主要說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在的情況。如：I opened the door just now.我剛才打開(kāi)了門(mén)。(指剛才做了“開(kāi)門(mén)”的動(dòng)作，但現(xiàn)在門(mén)是否開(kāi)著，并未說(shuō)明。)I have opened the door.我已經(jīng)把門(mén)打開(kāi)了。(門(mén)現(xiàn)在還開(kāi)著)3一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的易混辨析一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生過(guò)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作結(jié)束了，側(cè)重于事實(shí)。而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性和未完成性。如：I wrote a letter to a friend last night.(信寫(xiě)完了，強(qiáng)調(diào)事實(shí))I was writing a letter to a friend last night.(信不一定寫(xiě)完；強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)4表示“將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)”幾種形式的易混辨析在初中階段，我們學(xué)了will/shall動(dòng)詞原形，be going to動(dòng)詞原形，be doing以及一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)等四種形式表達(dá)將來(lái)時(shí)。will/shall表示單純的將來(lái)(即現(xiàn)在之后)。如：He will be back in a few days.他幾天之后回來(lái)。(單純將來(lái))注意：在含有if的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句要用will表示將來(lái)時(shí)。例如：If it doesnt rain tomorrow，we will go climbing.如果明天不下雨，我們就去爬山。be going to動(dòng)詞原形多用于口語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)事先的“打算、計(jì)劃”要做的事情或有某種跡象要發(fā)生的事情。如：What are you going to do this evening？你今晚準(zhǔn)備做什么？(打算)Look！There are so many clouds in the sky.Its going to rain，I think.看，天空烏云密布。我覺(jué)得是要下雨了。(有跡象要發(fā)生的事情)be doing現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示即將發(fā)生的將來(lái)，多與表示位移的動(dòng)詞e，go，arrive，leave，fly，start等連用。如：She is leaving for Beijing.她就要啟程去北京。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)，主要用于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中；或者用來(lái)表示按時(shí)刻表的規(guī)定將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：Ill tell him about it as soon as I see him.一見(jiàn)到他我就會(huì)告訴他這件事。My plane takes off at seven tomorrow morning.我的航班明天早上11點(diǎn)起飛。河北中考考點(diǎn)精練()1.(xx南京中考)Why didnt Peter his homework?He said he had lost his workbook.I think its an excuse.AdoesBdoingCdo Ddid()2.(xx涼山中考)I went to visit you yesterday evening，but you werent in.Where were you then?Oh，I _ my pet dog in the park.I _ this dog for three days and its very cute.Awas walking；have hadBwalked；boughtCwas walking；have boughtDwalked；have had()3.(xx保定8中模擬)I _ scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old.Awill be BwasChave been Dwould()4.(xx濱州中考)Look at the sign! It says “No Smoking”O(jiān)h，sorry.I _ it.Adont see Bhavent seenCwasnt seen Ddidnt see()5.(xx泰安中考)Our classmates went to a concert yesterday afternoon What a pity! I _ my homework.Ahad done Bwas doingCam doing Dwould do()6.(xx石家莊42中模擬)Stop smoking，Joe! You _ yourself if you keep on doing it like that!Awill kill Bhave killedCkill Dkilled()7.(xx濰坊中考)Next month were going somewhere interesting as soon as the holiday_.Awill begin Bhas begunCbegins Dis beginning()8.(xx安徽中考)Cathy，can you answer the door? I _ the room.Im ing，mom.Aclean BcleanedChave cleaned Dam cleaning()9.(xx臨沂中考)Tim Cook called his mother every week even while he_ around the world.Awas traveling Bis travelingCtraveled Dtravels()10.(xx內(nèi)江中考)I missed his call because at that time I _ a shower.Ahad Bhave hadChave Dwas having()11.(xx重慶中考B卷)Please wait.She _ to you in a few minutes.Atalk BtalkedChave talked Dwill talk()12.(xx日照中考)Have you watched the movie the Left Ear?Yes，I _ it last night with my sister.Ahave watched BwatchedCwill watch Dwas watching()13.(xx邯鄲11中模擬)My parents are always worried about what will happen if I _.Asucceeded Bwont succeedCwill fail Dfail()14.(xx綿陽(yáng)中考)Mom，someone _ .Please pick up the phone.Ahas called Bis callingCwill call Dwas calling()15.(xx武威中考)Hey，Jenny.Lets go home together.Just a moment.I _ an email.Asend BsentCam sending Dhave sent()16.(xx泰州中考)Look at the blue sky! The rain _.Lets go out for a walk.Astops Bwill stopChas stopped Dhad stopped()17.(xx蘇州中考)Where is Joan?She _ a novel in her study.Ahas read BreadsCwill read Dis reading()18.(xx宜昌中考) Internet business _ traditional business in the past few years?Not really.ADoesbeat BWillbeatCHasbeat DIsbeating()19.(xx十堰中考)My grandfather likes the small village very much.So far he_ there for 50 years.Ahad lived BlivedClives Dhas lived()20.(xx萊蕪中考)Mr.Huang，its late.Why are you still here?My daughter hasnt e back from school yet.I _ for her.Awaited Bam waitingCwas waiting Dhave waited()21.(xx北京中考)Mom，where is Dad?He _flowers in the garden now.Aplanted BplantsCwill plant Dis planting()22.(xx青海中考改編)What do you think of the talk show last night?I didnt watch it.I _ mom with some chores.Ahelped Bwas helpingChave helped Dwill help()23.(xx藁城中考模擬)Where is your father?He _ the World Cup in the living room.Ais watching BwatchesCwatched Dwill watch()24.(xx邯鄲25中模擬)Hurry up! The sky is covered with black clouds.Im afraid it _.Arains Bis going to rainCrained Dwas raining()25.(xx衡水中考模擬)After Steven sent some emails，he _ surfing the Internet.Astarts Bhas startedCwill start Dstarted()26.(xx邢臺(tái)中考模擬)There _ a great concert in the theatre next Saturday evening.Awill be Bwill haveChas Dis going to have()27.(xx廊坊中考模擬)If I make a lot of money I _ give some to medical research or charities.Aam going to BcanCwill Dshould()28.(xx滄州中考模擬)Be quiet! The students _ a physics test in the next room.Ahad Bhave hadCwere having Dare having()29.(xx秦皇島中考模擬)Alice likes doing housework.She _ her room every afternoon.Acleans BcleanedCis cleaning Dhas cleaned()30.(xx張家口9中模擬)Are you surprised at the ending of the movie?No，because I _ the story.Aread Bwill readChave read Dwas reading()31.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))Do you think grandpa and grandma _ late?No，the train is usually on time.Awere Bwill beCwas Dhave been()32.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))Youre in a hurry.Where are you going?To the cinema.Sue _ for me outside.Awaits BwaitedCis waiting Dwas waiting()33.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))Mr.Li will check our homework this afternoon._ you _it?Not yet.Im doing it right now.ADo；finish BHad；finishedCWill；finish DHave；finished()34.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))When will our uncle e to see us?Hell e this weekend.He _me that by email.Atold BtellsCwill tell Dis telling()35.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))Is Richard still living here?No，he_ to Paris already.Ahad moved BmovedCwill move Dhas moved()36.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))Which singer do you think _ the Voice of China?Im not sure.There are still 3 rounds to e.Awon Bhas wonCwill win Dwins()37.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))Tom _ the piano every day when he was in primary school.Aplays BplayedCwas playing Dhas played()38.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))I wonder whether Brazil will win the match later tonight.Go to bed first.I will wake you up as soon as the match _.Astarts BstartedCwill start Dis starting()39.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))I _ my hometown for a long time.I really miss it.AleftBwent away fromChave leftDhave been away from()40.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))A nice tie！A present?Yes，it is.My aunt _ it to me for my birthday.Awas sending Bhad sentCwill send Dsent【考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)】()1.His brother is a teacher.He _ math at a school.AtaughtBhas taughtCteaches Dwill teach()2.I hope Tim can e to my birthday party.Then we _ a much happier time.Ahave BhadCwill have Dhave had()3.I dont have time to discuss the plan.I _ to an interview.Ago BwentCam going Dwas going()4.(xx保定8中模擬)Hello，mom.Are you still on Lushan Mountain?Oh，no.We are back home.We _ a really good journey.Ahave BhadCare having Dwill have()5.I dont remember when and where I _ this umbrella.Abuy Bhave boughtCwill buy Dbought()6.Have you had your breakfast yet?Yes.Mom _ it for me.Awas cooking Bis cookingCwill cook Dcooked()7.Why does Tony look unhappy?Because he _ the chance to take part in the English contest.Amisses Bwas missingCis missing Dmissed()8.(xx保定17中模擬)Can you answer the door，Jim？I _ the dishes.Ado BdidChave done Dam doing()9.I saw Mr.Smith in the office at ten yesterday morning.Thats impossible.He _ an English party with us then.Ahas BhadCwas having Dhas had()10.The students _ the Art Festival when I passed by their school.Acelebrate Bwere celebratingCwill celebrate Dhave celebrated()11.Jenny _ in the kitchen when you called her at 5 oclock this afternoon.Ais cooking Bwas cookingCcooks Dcooked()12.Sanya is a beautiful city.I _ there twice.Ahave gone Bhave beenChave gone to Dhave been to()13.I began watching here an hour ago，but now nothing _ yet.Ahappens Bwill happenChappened Dhas happened