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2021年中考英語考點專項訓(xùn)練11 主謂一致

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2021年中考英語考點專項訓(xùn)練11 主謂一致

免費學(xué)習(xí)資料 囊括小初高九大學(xué)科(知識點/練習(xí)題/模擬卷/真題卷/學(xué)霸筆記)考點11 主謂一致一、教材重點回顧:主謂一致是指謂語動詞與主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致,主謂一致必須遵循三原則:語法一致原則,意義一致原則,就近一致原則。對于主謂一致的考查,主要集中在單項選擇、完形填空、漢譯英及其它類型的填空題中。在學(xué)習(xí)過程中,要掌握主謂一致的基本用法及常見搭配。其考查重點: 主謂一致的三個原則:語法一致原則,意義一致原則,就近一致原則。一:主謂一致的三個原則1. 意義一致意義一致就是根據(jù)句子主語的意義來確定謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。如:Maths is difficult for us. 數(shù)學(xué)對我們來說很難。The police are trying to search for the thief on the hill. 警察們正在山上盡力搜查小偷。2. 語法一致語法一致即單數(shù)主語要用單數(shù)謂語動詞,復(fù)數(shù)主語要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞。如:My bike is under the tree. 我的自行車在樹下。These books are old. 這些書是舊的。3. 就近原則就近原則即當(dāng)主語被某些連詞(短語)連接時,謂語動詞的數(shù)與離它最近的詞保持一致。Either my father or brother is coming. 我父親來,要不然就是我弟弟來。Not only you but also they are good students. 不僅你是好學(xué)生,而且他們也是好學(xué)生。二:并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語由and或both. and連接兩個名詞、代詞作主語,表示不同的人或事物時,句子的謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。John and Mike are good friends. 約翰和邁克是好朋友。Both bread and milk are good for you. 面包和牛奶對你都有好處?!咀⒁狻縜nd連接的兩個名詞作主語,在意義上指同一人、同一物或同一概念時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The famous singer and dancer is coming to Chongqing. 那位著名的歌唱家兼舞蹈家要來重慶。三:名詞+介詞短語作主語名詞或代詞后接as well as,with,along with,together with,except,but等短語作主語時,謂語動詞的形式應(yīng)和介詞短語前的名詞或代詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。(就前原則)She as well as other students likes playing computer games. 她和其他學(xué)生都喜歡玩電腦游戲。He with his parents is working in the fields. 他正和他的父母在地里干活。Nobody but you and me knows it. 除了你和我,沒人知道。四:不定代詞作主語1. 當(dāng)作主語的名詞前有each,neither,either,every修飾或each,neither,either作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Each student has a book. 每一個學(xué)生都有一本書。Either answer is correct. 兩個答案都是正確的。Neither parent is with him. 他的父母都沒有和他在一起。Every minute is important to us. 每一分鐘對大家都很重要。2. 當(dāng)復(fù)合不定代詞someone,anyone,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,something,anything,nothing,everything等作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Somebody is waiting for you outside. 有人在外面等你。Is everybody here today? 今天大家都到了嗎? Something is wrong with my watch. 我的手表出故障了。Nobody was away yesterday. 昨天沒有人離開。五:There be和Here be的就近原則There be和Here be 結(jié)構(gòu)后面接并列名詞時,謂語動詞be均應(yīng)與最近的名詞在數(shù)上保持一致。There is a pen,a pencil,a knife and three books on the desk. 書桌上有一支鋼筆,一支鉛筆,一把刀和三本書。Here are some flowers and a card. 這里有一些花和一張卡片。六:特殊名詞作主語1. 國名、人名、書名、報刊名、組織機構(gòu)等專有名詞作主語時,即使其形式上是復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞也要用單數(shù)。The United States lies to the east of China. 美國在中國的東方。(國名)Engels was good at learning foreign languages. 恩格斯擅長學(xué)外語。(人名)2. the+形容詞作主語時,表示某類人,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。The sick are taken good care of. 病人得到很好的照顧。The old are supposed to be spoken to politely. 跟老人講話要有禮貌。3. 以-s結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞,如maths,physics,politics等和以-s結(jié)尾的抽象名詞,如news,plastics等作主語時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。Physics is very difficult for me to learn. 物理對我來講很難學(xué)。The news was very exciting. 這條新聞十分激動人心。4. 單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同的名詞,如Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer等作主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由名詞前的修飾語來確定。A Chinese wants to see you. 一個中國人想見你。Ten sheep are eating grass there. 那邊有10只綿羊在吃草。【注意】Chinese,Japanese,English等前加the表示一國人,作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。The Chinese speak Chinese. 中國人說漢語。七:表數(shù)量概念的詞或短語作主語1. 表示時間、金錢、距離、重量等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時,通??醋饕粋€整體,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Ten years has passed quickly. 10年很快就過去了。Ten dollars is enough. 10美元就夠了。100 kilometers is a long way. 100千米是一段很長的路。2. 加減乘除運算中的謂語動詞用單數(shù),其中加法與乘法也可用復(fù)數(shù)。Two and two is/are four. 2加2等于4。Six times one is/are six. 6乘以1等于6。3. many a/more than one+單數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。There is more than one answer. 有不止一個答案。Many a student has passed the exam. 許多學(xué)生通過了考試。4. one and a half+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語用單數(shù)。One and a half days is all I can spare. 一天半是我所能支配的全部時間。One and a half pears is left on the plate. 一個半梨被留在盤子里。5. the rest of. 短語作主語時,如果of后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,謂語用復(fù)數(shù);如果of后接不可數(shù)名詞,謂語用單數(shù)。The rest of the bikes are on sale. 余下的自行車降價出售。The rest of the bread is gone. 剩余的面包不見了。6. none of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞既可以用單數(shù)也可以用復(fù)數(shù)。None of the dogs was/were there. 那兒沒有狗。7. a number of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示許多/大量的,其后的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù);the number of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示的數(shù)量,其中心詞為number,故謂語動詞用單數(shù)。A number of farmers are standing over there. 許多農(nóng)民站在那邊。The number of the students in this school has reached over 2,000. 這所學(xué)校的學(xué)生數(shù)量已達到2 000多人。8. a lot of/lots of/plenty of+名詞作主語,謂語動詞由of后的名詞來確定。如果of后是不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞用單數(shù);如果of后是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。A lot of time is needed. 需要大量的時間。Plenty of workers are working. 許多工人在工作。考向八:動名詞、不定式和從句作主語動名詞、不定式或從句作主語時,謂語一般用單數(shù)。Doing morning exercises is good for your body. 做早操對你的身體有益。To play with fire near a gas station is very dangerous. 在加油站附近玩火很危險。What he said at the meeting is very important. 他在會上的發(fā)言很重要。其他情況例句and連接并列主語時,謂語動詞常常使用復(fù)數(shù);但是and連接的并列主語指同一人、同一物時,謂語使用單數(shù)。The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教師來了(作家和教師指同一個人)The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老師來了。(作家和老師是兩個人)單數(shù)名詞或代詞+名詞或代詞+but/besides/except/including/like/with/along with/as well as /rather than/such as/together with+名詞或代詞作主語,謂語使用單數(shù)形式,如果之前的名詞或代詞是復(fù)數(shù),則謂語使用復(fù)數(shù)。Mike with his father has been to England.邁克同他的父親去過英格蘭。Mike, like his brother,enjoys playing football. 邁克像他的哥哥一樣喜歡踢足球。the number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語謂語用單數(shù); a(good/large) number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。The number of the students is over eight hundred. 學(xué)生人數(shù)超過八百。A number of teachers are present today,and the number of them is 500. 許多教師今天都出席了,有500人。由兩個相同部分組成的一個整體名詞作主語,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù),如chopsticks,glasses,shoes,socks,stockings, trousers, boots等。若此類名詞被a kind of/a pair of修飾時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The scissors are on the shelf next to the cupboard. 剪刀在櫥柜旁邊的架子上。A pair of glasses costs quite a lot these days. 近些天,眼鏡的售價很高。當(dāng)not only. but also.,not. but.,or,either. or.,neither. nor.等連接并列主語時,以及在there be句型中,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式采用就近原則。Neither Jack and I have seen this film.杰克和我都沒有看過這部電影Either you or he is to attend the meeting tomorrow.或者是你或者是他去參加明天的會議。某些集體名詞,如class, club, family, team, group等,作主語時,謂語動詞采用意義一致原則,即依據(jù)名詞的具體含義來確定謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。The company has grown rapidly in the last five years.這家公司五年來迅速發(fā)展壯大。The family are celebrating Thanksgiving in this picture.在這張相片里,全家人正在慶祝感恩節(jié)?!局R拓展】如果這一類集體名詞作為一個整體看待時,謂語動詞使用單數(shù)形式;如果這一類詞指的是具體成員,則謂語動詞應(yīng)該使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。二、中考考點梳理1、語法一致:是指主語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)??键c一:一般情況下,主語為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞、不可數(shù)名詞時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;主語為復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式??键c二:動詞不定式或動詞-ing形式作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式??键c三:1). 復(fù)合不定代詞anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。2). neither of . / none of . 作主語時,謂語動詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。3). either指“兩者之中任何一個”,作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。either of . 作主語時,謂語動詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。4). each作同位語時,謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于主語的數(shù);each of . 作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。考點四:當(dāng)用both . and . 連接并列主語時,謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。當(dāng)and連接的兩個名詞表示兩個不同的概念時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;當(dāng)表示同一人、同一物或同一個概念,或表示不可分的整體時,謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式??键c五:當(dāng)主語后面跟有with, except, including, along with, together with, as well as, in addition to等詞語引導(dǎo)的短語時,謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式由主語的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定??键c六:一些由兩部分構(gòu)成的表示物體的名詞作主語時,謂語動詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如shoes, trousers, jeans, scissors, chopsticks等。但如果這些名詞前有量詞如pair等修飾時,謂語動詞的數(shù)與量詞保持一致。考點七:1). “a (large / small) number of + 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 / 代詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;“the number of + 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 / 代詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。2). “分?jǐn)?shù) / 百分?jǐn)?shù)+ of + 名詞”和“the rest / most of +名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞的數(shù)由名詞決定。2、意義一致:是指謂語動詞和主語的一致不是取決于主語的語法形式,而是由其意義所決定??键c一:當(dāng)數(shù)詞作主語或當(dāng)表示距離、金額、時間等名詞(短語)作主語時,通常作為整體看待,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式??键c二:有些集體名詞常指復(fù)數(shù)的人或物,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如police;有些集體名詞作主語時,如果作為一個整體看待,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;如果指集體中的成員,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如family, class, team, group, crowd等;當(dāng)population意為“人口數(shù)量”時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;意為“全體居民”時,謂語動詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。考點三:以-s結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞如news, physics, maths, politics等作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式??键c四:1). “the + 形容詞”表示一類人作主語時,謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這類詞有the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead等。2). “the + 姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示某一家人或夫婦兩人,其作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式??键c五:定語從句中謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。3)、就近一致:是指謂語動詞的數(shù)要與其最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致??键c一:以or, not only . but also ., either . or ., neither . nor . 等連接的名詞(或代詞)作主語時,謂語動詞要和離它最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。考點二:在there be 句型中,如果有兩個或兩個以上的主語時,主語與謂語的一致通常遵循就近一致原則。主謂一致記憶口訣單單復(fù)復(fù)最常見,集體名詞謂用單。如若強調(diào)其成員,復(fù)數(shù)謂語記心間。有些名詞謂常復(fù),牛人警察和船員。主語單數(shù)后接介,謂語單數(shù)介無關(guān)。主語從句非謂語,many a再加more than one,謂語動詞均用單。or,nor,but also,there be,近主原則掛嘴邊。主語neither,either,one,謂語總是用三單。主語雖有and連,and后面沒有冠,僅指一人或一事,謂語仍然是單三。時間、價值度量衡,謂語常作單數(shù)看。no,each,every后用單,兩件/種事物/情系一概念。謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)的情況口訣:人們加警察,家禽并牛群,常作復(fù)數(shù)沒問題;服裝鞋襪及手套,自然全是用復(fù)數(shù)。1、 典例分類1.Lucy, there _ too many things on the desk. What a mess!Sorry, Mum. Ill put them away.A. have B. is C. are【答案】C【解析】考查主謂一致。句意:露西,在桌子上有許多東西。真亂!對不起,媽媽,我將把他們收起來。A. have有;B. is是;單數(shù);C. are是,復(fù)數(shù)。這里是there be句型,主語是too many things是復(fù)數(shù),be動詞用are。根據(jù)題意,故選C。2. Not only you but also I _ interested in the cartoon called Peppa Pig.A. am B. is C. are【答案】A【解析】考查句子的主謂一致。句意:不僅是你,我也對卡通片粉紅豬小妹感興趣。A. am用于主語是I的一般現(xiàn)在時;B. is用于主語是單數(shù)第三人稱的一般現(xiàn)在時;C. are用于主語是復(fù)數(shù)的一般現(xiàn)在時。短語not onlybut also引導(dǎo)的主語和后面動詞主謂一致遵循臨近一致原則,比較近的主語I是第一人稱,be動詞用am, 故選A。3. _ students in our class _ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.A. Two fifths; isB. Second fifths; areC. Second fifths; isD. Two fifths; are【答案】D【解析】句意:我們班五分之二的學(xué)生打算下周去北京參加夏令營。表達分?jǐn)?shù)時,分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞,因此五分之二的表達應(yīng)該是two fifths,排除B、C;分?jǐn)?shù)后面的名詞為復(fù)數(shù)名詞students,根據(jù)主謂一致的原則,只能用are,故答案選D?!緮U展】:本題考查的知識點有分?jǐn)?shù)的表達和主謂一致,一般情況下,表示分?jǐn)?shù)時,分子要用基數(shù)詞,分母要用序數(shù)詞,如果分子大于1,表示分母的序數(shù)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如:two thirds 三分之二。由分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)名詞構(gòu)成的短語作主語時,其謂語動詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語中后面名詞的數(shù)而定。如:60% of the students in our class are girls.我們班60的學(xué)生是女生。Two thirds of the apple is red.這個蘋果的三分之二是紅色的。4. Each of us _ a life goal, which will guide us to a bright future. A. has B. have C. will have D. had【答案】A【解析】考查意義一致原則。英語句中的each,既可作代詞充當(dāng)主語,又可作形容詞修飾主語,這時的謂語動詞一律用單數(shù)。Each of us has a computer. 我們每個人都有一部電腦。Each of them likes playing basketball. 他們每個人都喜歡打籃球。中考試題題意為“我們每個人有生活目標(biāo),它將指引我們走向光明的未來?!贝祟}each充當(dāng)主語成份,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。答案應(yīng)為A。 5.Whats in the picture on the wall? There _a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground. A. has B. are C. is D. have 【答案】C【解析】考查語法一致原則。在there be句型中,be動詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其后的主語。如果其后是由and連接的兩個主語,則應(yīng)與靠近的那個主語保持一致。如;There are two chairs and a desk in the room. 房間里有兩張椅子和一張桌子。There is a pen and some pieces of paper on the desk.?桌子上有一支鋼筆和幾張紙。中考試題題意為“墻上圖畫里有什么?”“有一位老師和上些學(xué)生在操場上踢足球。”此題空格后的主語是a teacher,謂語動詞應(yīng)選擇is,答案應(yīng)為C。6. Either the students or the teacher _ him very well. A. Knows B. to know C. know D. knew 【答案】A【解析】考查鄰近一致原則。either.or.連接的并列主語, 謂語動詞與靠近它的主語在數(shù)上一致。 如:Either you or she is good at English. 你或她都擅長英語。Are either you or he wrong? 是你錯了還是他錯了? 中考試題題意為“不是學(xué)生就是老師非常了解他。”此題由連詞either.or.連接主語the students和the teacher,附近主語是the teacher,故答案應(yīng)為A。7. Not only Jack but also I _crazy about the football match. A. am B. is C.are D. be 【答案】A【解析】考查鄰近一致原則。中考試題題意為“不僅 Jack 而且我都熱衷于足球。”此題含有連詞not only. but also.,根據(jù)鄰近一致原則,答案應(yīng)為A。 8. Neither my sister nor I _been to Xian before Ahave never Bhave ever Chas never Dhas ever 【答案】B【解析】考查鄰近一致原則。neither.nor.“”連接兩個主語時,與最靠近的主語一致。如:Neither his parents nor Tom is at home.湯姆和他的父母都不在家。Neither the teacher nor his studetns know anything about it. 老師和他的學(xué)生都不知道那件事。中考試題題意為“我妹妹和我以前都沒去過西安”由于neithernor.本身就是否定意義,則可排除含有never的A和C兩項;根據(jù)鄰近一致的原則,則應(yīng)選擇have ever,答案應(yīng)為B。 9. Peter with his classmates _ for the bus when the earthquake happened. A. is waiting B. was waiting C. are waiting D. were waiting 【答案】B【解析】考查語法一致的原則。當(dāng)主語有with 或together with短語時,謂語動詞與前面的主語部分一致。如:The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教師和一些學(xué)生在參觀工廠。中考試題題意為“當(dāng)?shù)卣鸢l(fā)生的時候,Peter與他的同學(xué)正在等公共汽車。”根據(jù)此題介詞短語with his classmates前主語是Peter,謂語動詞須用單數(shù)。根據(jù)時間狀語when the earthquake happened可知,主句謂語動詞須用過去進行時,答案應(yīng)為B。10.(2019年永州)Playing computer games too often _ bad for us. A. am B. is C. are 【答案】B【解析】考查語法一致的原則。動名詞、動詞不定式,從句等作主語時謂語動詞一律視作一個整體,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如:Playing football on Sunday is one of his habits. 周日踢足球是他的一個習(xí)慣。When to leave has not been decided. 什么時候離開還沒有定下來。What he said has been recorded .他說的話已被錄音了。中考試題題意為“玩電腦游戲太經(jīng)常對我們有害。”此題動名詞短語playing computer games用作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù),答案應(yīng)為B。 二、易混易錯點撥1. We are proud of our country. The year 2019 is her _ birthday.A. seventyB. the seventyC. the seventiethD. seventieth【答案】D【解析】句意:我們?yōu)槲覀兊膰腋械津湴粒?019年是她的70歲生日。seventy70,seventieth第70;根據(jù)幾歲生日時用序數(shù)詞,當(dāng)序數(shù)詞前有形容詞性的物主代詞時,要把the省略掉;故選D。2. Wu Dajing, a _ Chinese skater, set a new world record at the Short Track World Cup last year.A. 25-years-oldB. 25 year oldC. 25-year-oldD. 25 years old【答案】C【解析】句意:25歲的中國滑冰運動員吳大靖在去年的短道世界杯上創(chuàng)造了新的世界紀(jì)錄。考查限定詞辨析。由數(shù)字、名詞和形容詞加連字符構(gòu)成的詞為復(fù)合形容詞,也稱限定詞,其結(jié)構(gòu)為數(shù)字-名詞-形容詞,中間的名詞必須用單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu),可知選C。3. September is the _ month of a year.A. seventhB. eighthC. ninthD. tenth【答案】C【解析】句意:九月是一年中的第九個月。A. 第七;B. 第八;C. 第九;D. 第十。根據(jù)常識可知,九月是第九個月,故選C。4. We gave away _ books to the school library last year.A. six thousandsB. six thousandC. six thousands ofD. six thousand of【答案】B【解析】句意:去年我們把6000本書捐給了學(xué)校圖書館。結(jié)合選項,本題考查數(shù)詞的用法,英文的數(shù)目表達方式有兩種:精確數(shù)目和含糊數(shù)目。精確數(shù)目如:two million dollars,兩百萬美元;數(shù)詞無復(fù)數(shù),也沒有of;含糊數(shù)目如:millions of dollars,數(shù)百萬美元;數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù),且有of;這個句中的數(shù)目屬于精確數(shù)目,6000本書。就應(yīng)該表達成 six thousand books;不加of,數(shù)詞也無復(fù)數(shù)。故選B。5. Every year, _ books are given away to the poor children in the countryside.A. thousandB. thousands ofC. thousand of【答案】B【解析】句意:每年,成千上萬本書被捐給鄉(xiāng)下的窮孩子們。A. thousand 千,前面有具體數(shù)字時用不能變復(fù)數(shù);B. thousands of成千上萬的;C. thousand of語法錯誤。根據(jù)題意這里表示約數(shù)用thousands of,thousands of books表示成千上萬的書。根據(jù)題意,故選B。6.Which month of the year do you like best?July, the _ month, because summer vacation begin in this month.A. sevenB. sixC. seventhD. sixth【答案】C【解析】句意:你最喜歡一年中的哪個月?七月,第七個月,因為暑假在這個月開始。考查數(shù)詞辨析。定冠詞the修飾序數(shù)詞,six和seven都是基數(shù)詞,可排除。seventh第七,sixth第六;根據(jù)July(七月)可知選C。7.Wellcelebratethe _ NationalDaythisyear.Thatsreallyexciting。A.seventyB.seventeenC.seventieth【答案】C【解析】表示第幾個節(jié)日、生日和紀(jì)念日需要用序數(shù)詞。此處指我們今年將要慶祝第七十個國慶節(jié)。8. There _ a large bowl of jiaozi on the table.A. isB. areC. be【答案】A【解析】考查 there be 句型,該題主要考查主謂一致,a large bowl of jiaozi 為單數(shù),故選 A。9. In the near future, there _ self-driving cars in our city.A. isB. wasC. areD. will be【答案】D【解析】句意:在不久的將來,我們城市將有自動駕駛汽車。選項A、C為一般現(xiàn)在時;B為一般過去時;D為一般將來時。根據(jù)In the near future可知,本題考查there be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來時。該結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種表達:there is going to be或there will be。分析選項可知,D正確。10.There _ a book sale in our school. Would you like to have a look with me?Sure. Id love to.A. is B. have C. are【答案】A【解析】句意:在我們學(xué)校有個圖書特賣活動。你愿意和我一塊去看看嗎?當(dāng)然,我愿意去。there be句型表示某處有某物,有此句型不能有have,這個句型中be動詞的就近原則,be動詞取決于與之鄰近的名詞。名詞是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)用is,其它情況用are。此題中名詞abooksale是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),所以be動詞用is。故選A。11.Whats in the picture on the wall? There _ a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground. A. has B. are C. is D. have【答案】C【解析】句意:墻上的畫里是什么?有一個老師和一些學(xué)生在操場上正在踢足球。there be句型表示某地有某物,用此句型不能再由have;此句型有個就近原則,be動詞的選擇取決于與之挨著的名詞。名詞的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或者是不可數(shù)名詞的話就用is,是復(fù)數(shù)名詞用are。根據(jù)句中的ateacher可以判斷be動詞用is。故選C。12. Nowadays, _ people like HUAWEI phones better, and about _ of them are adults.A. the number of; four-fifthsB. a number of; four-fifthC. a number of; four-fifthsD. the number of; four-five【答案】 C【解析】句意:如今,許多人更喜歡華為手機,其中約五分之四是成年人??疾榻樵~短語和分?jǐn)?shù)。1. the number of:的數(shù)量,作主語,謂語動詞使用單數(shù);a number of:許多,大量的,修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),它和可數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞使用復(fù)數(shù);本句謂語動詞like是復(fù)數(shù),可知填a number of。2.分?jǐn)?shù)表達法:基數(shù)詞做分子,序數(shù)詞做分母,當(dāng)分子大于一,分母用復(fù)數(shù),五分之四是four-fifths,故第二個空填four-fifths;故選C。1. There are _ floors in Tobys house. And his room is on the _ floor.A. three; twoB. third; secondC. third; twoD. three; second【答案】D【解析】句意:Toby家有三層樓。他的房間在第二層。three三,是基數(shù)詞;third第三,是序數(shù)詞;two二,是基數(shù)詞;second第二,是序數(shù)詞。第一空修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞floors,故用基數(shù)詞three。第二空修飾單數(shù)名詞floor,故用序數(shù)詞second。故選D。2.Dad, about _ of our classmates wear glasses.Oh, thats terrible. You all should take good care of your eyes.A. three fourthB. third fourthC. third fourthsD. three quarters【答案】D【解析】句意:爸爸,我們的同學(xué)大約有四分之三戴著眼鏡。哦,那太可怕了。你們都應(yīng)該照顧好你們的眼睛。表示分?jǐn)?shù)時,分母用序數(shù)詞,分子用基數(shù)詞,當(dāng)分子大約一時,分子用復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示四分之一用one fourth或one quarter,表示四分之三用three fourths或three quarters,故選D。3. _ people come to the lost and found office every day.A. HundredsB. HundredC. Hundred ofD. Hundreds of【答案】D【解析】句意:每天都有數(shù)百人來到失物招領(lǐng)處。hundred前面有具體數(shù)字時不用復(fù)數(shù)形式,與of連用時,hundred要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示不確定的數(shù)字,hundreds of數(shù)以百計的,故答案為D。4. _ visitors came to take photos of Hongyadong during the vacation.A. Thousand B. Thousand of C. Thousands D. Thousands of【答案】D【解析】句意:成千上萬的游客在度假期間來Hongyadong拍照??疾閿?shù)詞的用法。thousand前有具體數(shù)字時,用單數(shù)形式;如果沒有具體數(shù)字時,用復(fù)數(shù)形式和of連用。結(jié)合本題語境,假期來Hongyadong參觀的人肯定是指約數(shù),意為成千上萬的,所以根據(jù)以上分析應(yīng)表達為thousands of表示成千上萬的、數(shù)以千計的;故答案選D。5. In the future people will live longer and more and more people will celebrate their _ birthdays.A. one hundredB. hundredC. hundreds ofD. hundredth【答案】D【解析】句意:在未來,人們會活得更久,更多的人將慶祝他們的百歲生日??疾樾驍?shù)詞。A. one hundred一百;B. hundred百;C. hundreds of數(shù)以百計的;D. hundredth第一百。根據(jù)In the future people will live longer and more and more people will celebrate their birthdays.可知句意為在未來,人們會活得更久,更多的人將慶祝他們的百歲生日。這里指的是第一百個生日,所以應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞形式,hundred的序數(shù)詞為hundredth,故答案選D。6. About _ of the earth _ covered with water, but we have less and less fresh water.A. three-fourth; areB. three-fourths; isC. three-fourth; areD. three-fourths; are【答案】B【解析】句意:地球上大約四分之三的部分被水覆蓋,但是我們有越來越少的淡水。第一空處考查分?jǐn)?shù)表達法,即分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞,分子大于1,分母加s,three-fourths四分之三,排除A和C;分?jǐn)?shù)或者百分?jǐn)?shù)作主語,謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)要根據(jù)of后的名詞決定,根據(jù)of后的earth可知,用單數(shù)is,故選B。7. The number of the students in my class _ fifty. A large number of them _ from the countryside.A. is; areB. is; isC. are; isD. are; are【答案】A【解析】句意:我們班學(xué)生的數(shù)量是50,他們中很多都來自農(nóng)村。這個題目考查主謂一致,is用于主語為單數(shù)時;are用于主語是復(fù)數(shù)時。第一句話the number of.表示的數(shù)量,謂語動詞用單數(shù);第二句話是a large number of許多,大量,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。故選A。8.Ann, when do you plan to go for your ten-day holiday?Next month. Im going away on the _ and coming back on the 12th.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth【答案】C【解析】句意:Ann,你計劃什么時候去過你十天的假期?下個月,我打算三號離開,12號回來。first第一;second第二;third第三;fourth第四。根據(jù)句意go for your ten-day holiday可知,Ann的假期是10天,句中說到coming back on the 12th,12號回來,所以離開的日期應(yīng)該是三號。故選C。9. Jim failed twice, but he wanted to have _ try. A. a secondB. a thirdC. the secondD. the third【答案】B【解析】句意:吉姆失敗了兩次,但是他想再試一次??疾樾驍?shù)詞用法。A. a second再一;B. a third又一次;C. the second第二;D. the third第三。a +序數(shù)詞是在前面數(shù)字的基礎(chǔ)上再出現(xiàn),而the序數(shù)詞單指第幾個。吉姆失敗了兩次,再一次用a third。故選B。10. _ people attending the meeting is 2975 and about _ are women. A. A number of; one fourthB. The number of; one fourthC. A number of; one fourthsD. The number of; one fourths【答案】B【解析】句意:參加會議的人數(shù)是2975,大約四分之一是女性。A number of是大量、很多的意思,后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或代詞,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The number of意思是的數(shù)字/數(shù)目,介詞of同其后名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語,修飾the number,當(dāng)它作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。根據(jù)謂語is可知第一個空用The number of。分?jǐn)?shù)的表示是分子在前、分母在后。分子以基數(shù)(one, two, three)表示,分母以序數(shù)(first, second, third)等表示。分子超過1時,分母必須加上-s。所以第二個空填one fourth。故選B。三好網(wǎng)中高級教師1對1,在線輔導(dǎo),真師可靠!官方網(wǎng)站:資料來源于網(wǎng)絡(luò),版權(quán)歸原作者所有,不得商業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)載;如有疑義請?zhí)砑游⑿盘杁d2247443566,感謝支持!

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