產(chǎn)品安規(guī)設(shè)計之要求與測試教材

Building Networks for People,產(chǎn)品安規(guī)設(shè)計,之,要求與測試,Prepare by : 品質(zhì)工程部 / Gemmy Liu,GeneralPrinciples,IEC60950,標,標,準,準,主,主,要,要,是,是,在,在,防,防,止,止,人,人,體,體,受,受,到,到,下,下,述,述,危,危,險,險,之,之,傷,傷,害,害:,Hazards-ElectricShock(,電,電,擊,擊),Energyhazards(,能,能,量,量),Fire(,火,火,災(zāi),災(zāi)),Mechanicalandheathazards(,機,機,械,械,與,與,熱,熱),Radiationhazards(,輻,輻,射,射),Chemicalhazards(,化,化,學(xué),學(xué)),SwitchPowerSupply,ACPowerInlet,ACPowerSwitch,Fuse(forbothofACandTNVcircuit),DCFan,PCB,Plastic,SafetyParts,SafetyParts,AllcomponentsbetweenTNVandSELVcircuit,VarisitorinTNVcircuit,CapacitorbetweenTNVandSELVcircuit,FuseinTNVcircuit,MylarSheet(Insulationsheet),InternalWire(Wirehaness),SafetyLabel,PowerCord,PowerAdaptor,LaserTransceiver,ConduciveCoating,Transformer(TNV),以,上,上,所,所,有,有,之,之,安,安,規(guī),規(guī),零,零,件,件,均,均,需,需,通,通,過,過,安,安,規(guī),規(guī),單,單,位,位,之,之,認,認,證,證.,須,通,通,過,過,哪,哪,些,些,安,安,規(guī),規(guī),單,單,位,位,之,之,認,認,證,證?,只,要,要,產(chǎn),產(chǎn),品,品,本,本,身,身,有,有,通,通,過,過,哪,哪,些,些,安,安,規(guī),規(guī),單,單,位,位,之,之,驗,驗,證,證,則,則,其,其,使,使,用,之,之,安,安,規(guī),規(guī),零,零,件,件,亦,亦,須,須,通,通,過,過,哪,哪,些,些,安,安,規(guī),規(guī),單,單,位,位,之,之,驗,驗,證,證.,SafetyParts,標,示,示,電,源,源,標,標,示,示:,額,定,定,電,電,壓,壓,或,或,額,額,定,定,電,電,壓,壓,範,範,圍,圍,100V;50Hz;1A,100/230V;60/50Hz;1A/0.5A,100-240V;50-60Hz;1A,輸,入,入,電,電,壓,壓,為,為,直,直,流,流,則,則,須,須,加,加,上,上,“,“,”,”,的,的,符,符,號,號,額,定,定,頻,頻,率,率,或,或,額,額,定,定,頻,頻,率,率,範,範,圍,圍,單,單,位,位,為,為Hz,如,設(shè),設(shè),備,備,須,須,連,連,接,接,至,至,多,多,相,相,電,電,力,力,系,系,統(tǒng),統(tǒng),則,則,須,須,另,另,外,外,標,標,示,示,相,相,數(shù),數(shù),如2,3,等,等,額,定,定,電,電,流,流,值,值,單,單,位,位,為,為mAorA,製造商名,稱,稱或 Trademark,Model name,.,標示,如設(shè)備為Class II ,則,則須加入,“,“,“,“的符號,P.S.,可,可以有,額,額外的標,示,示, 但,先,先決條件,是,是不可造,成,成誤導(dǎo)或,混,混淆,標示,標示,保險絲:,額定電流,額定電壓,熔斷特性( fast,slow, timelag),防爆特性( low-breaking,high-breaking ),T2.5AL,250V,F3.15AH,250V,標示,端子 :,a. 接地保護端子旁, 應(yīng)有 “ ” 的標示.,b. 水線端子旁, 應(yīng)有 “ N “ 的標示.,鋰電池:,設(shè)備內(nèi)若,有,有可更換,的,的鋰電池, 則鋰,電,電池旁須,有,有下述,或類似的,警,警告標示.,Danger of explosionif battery is incorrectly replace.,Replaceonlywith the same or equivalenttype,recommendedby manufacturer.,Disposeof usedbatteries accordingto the manufacturers,instruction.,要求 :(1). 標示,不,不可置於,可,可取下之,物,物品上,(2).,要,要求之,標,標示,須,須清晰可,辨,辨, 且,為,為恆久的,標,標示.,標示,安規(guī)主要,設(shè),設(shè)計要求,1. 在,維,維修可觸,及,及區(qū)域內(nèi), 應(yīng)避,免,免維修者,在,在維修,時不小心,觸,觸及任何,具,具危險電,壓,壓的裸露,的,的零件,除非此零,件,件接至限,電,電流電路, 否則,此,此裸露零,件,件,應(yīng)予以覆,蓋,蓋或加保,護,護殼,以,以防止維,修,修者不小,心,心,碰觸.,安規(guī)主要,設(shè),設(shè)計要求,2. 位,於,於設(shè)備之,外,外與外電,源,源間之?dāng)?路,路點,應(yīng)避免操,作,作者觸碰,到,到而遭致,設(shè),設(shè)備內(nèi),主電路的,電,電容器放,電,電而產(chǎn)生,電,電擊危險.,故要求放,電,電時間常,數(shù),數(shù)不可超,過,過 1,秒,秒,( 若電,容,容量小於0.1uF 則,無,無此項要,求,求),P.S.,此,此測試,稱,稱為 “CapacitanceDischarge Test,“,“,安規(guī)主要,設(shè),設(shè)計要求,3. 吸,水,水性材質(zhì), 天然,橡,橡膠,具,具石綿物,質(zhì),質(zhì), 不,可,可作,為絕緣物,使,使用.,絕,絕緣物是,否,否據(jù)吸水,性,性, 可,由,由,HumidityTest 及ElectricStrength Test 決,定,定.,Temp. :20 30,Humidity: 95%±3%,Period :48Hours,然後做Hi-Pot Test,安規(guī)主要,設(shè),設(shè)計要求,4. 距,離,離要求(,絕,絕緣),Secondary,Primary,D,B,O,TNV,B(S),D,B(S),D : Double( Reinforced),S : Supplementary,B : Basic,O : Operational(Functional),安規(guī)主要,設(shè),設(shè)計要求,5.,防火等級:,94-5V, 94V-0, 94V-1,94V-2,HF-1, HF-2,HB,HBF,InternalPlasticPart Material -,flammabilityratingminimum94V-2,Enclosure -,flammabilityratingminimum94V-0,依 InputPower Rating+6%, -10% 來,作,作為測試,的,的範圍.,100-240V, 50-60Hz, 1A,=> 測,試,試點為90V/ 50Hz 及60Hz,254V/ 50Hz 及60Hz,If the ratedvoltageis230Vsinglephase or400V threephase,thetolerance shallnotbe lessthan+10% and -10%,判定 :notexceedtherated current bymore,than10%undernormal load.,1. InputTest,安規(guī)主要,測,測試要求,1. InputTest,適用情形: 有,開,開孔之外,殼,殼,A. 上,蓋,蓋之開孔,i)notexceed 5mm in any dimension.,ii)notexceed 1mm in widthregardless of length,iii)beso constructed thatdirect,verticalentry of afalling,object is preventedfromreaching such bareparts by,means oftrap orrestriction.(如下,圖,圖例),(圖例),EX:,左,左圖之綠,色,色虛線部,分,分不可超,過,過mm,2. AccessibilityTest :,B. 側(cè),邊,邊之開孔,a. not exceed 5mm inanydimension.,b. not exceed 1mm inwidth regardless oflength.,c.,開,開孔位置,適,適當(dāng),並,並在其5° 角,範,範圍內(nèi),無,無具危,險,險電,壓零件存,在,在. 投,影,影 5°,角,角範圍的,定,定義 (,如,如下頁附,圖,圖),2. AccessibilityTest :,以類似百葉窗的開孔方式, 使其5,°角的投影範圍內(nèi)無危險電壓零件,2. AccessibilityTest :,C. 底,部,部之開孔,因目前廠,內(nèi),內(nèi)許多產(chǎn),品,品皆是共,用,用case, 在safetystandard,中,中,針,針對不同,種,種類產(chǎn)品,的,的要求不,一,一, 為,避,避免產(chǎn)品A和B共,用,用case, 卻,產(chǎn),產(chǎn)生A,可,可過safety, 但B,無,無法通,過,過 safety,的,的狀況,發(fā),發(fā)生,所以,底部一律,要,要求不能,有,有任何的,開,開孔,.,另一種需,注,注意可懸,掛,掛式的產(chǎn),品,品, 必,須,須考慮其,懸,懸掛時,當(dāng),當(dāng)原本,的,的側(cè)邊有,可,可能會變,成,成了底部,時,時, 則,側(cè),側(cè)邊一樣,不,不能有開,孔,孔.,2. AccessibilityTest :,外殼開孔, 固然,千,千變?nèi)f化, 但是,以,以 test ping,測試時不,可,可碰觸到,具,具危險電,壓,壓的裸露,零,零件為原,則,則.,2. AccessibilityTest :,TestFinger,TestPin,2. AccessibilityTest :,2. AccessibilityTest :,Failed,Passed,3. Energy HazardMeasurement,適用情形: 外,部,部所有的connectors,其,其裸露,之,之帶電體,部,部分,( 接地,者,者除外),及因任何,開,開孔可觸,及,及之零件,判定 :< 240VA,4. HumidityTest,Requirement: 20 30 ,95% ,48hours,將產(chǎn)品置於上,述,述之環(huán)境條件,時,時間後進行,Hi-PotTest( 依表設(shè)定,測,測試值 ),Pri toSec :3KVac, 60sec,Pri toGnd :1.5KVac , 60sec,5. GroundingContinuityTest,Requirement: 25Aor 30A(CSArequire only),60sec,Judgement :,< 0.1ohm,6.Leakage CurrentTest,Requirement: Class I <3.5mA(有PE保護),ClassII andTNV circuit,< 0.25mA,6.Leakage CurrentTest,8. StabilityTest,Requirement: 將產(chǎn)品置,於,於 10°角,的,的傾斜面上時,不,不可,產(chǎn),產(chǎn)生,失,失衡現(xiàn)象及造,成,成使用者及維,修,修人員,產(chǎn)生危險之情,形,形.,9. Impact Test,Requirement: 以一直徑50mm,重,重為 500±25g的,實心鐵球,自,自 1300mm 高度垂,直,直落,下進行撞擊測,試,試.,Judgement :1.不可絕緣,不,不足.,P.S. 1. 不可對設(shè),備,備之玻璃平臺,處,處進行本測試.,2.同一點只,能,能測試一次.,10. HeatingTest,將待測產(chǎn)品零,件,件接上 thermocouple,設(shè),定,定測試之電壓,為,為電壓範圍,之 +6%, -10%or+10%,-10% 進,行,行溫升測試.,判定 : 不,可,可超過該零件,所,所宣告之額定,溫,溫度, 計算,公,公式如下 (,假,假設(shè),室,室溫為25K, 產(chǎn)品,之,之操作溫度為50K),Winding Component,- Class B ->T =95K-10K-(50-25)K =60K,Capacitor,- max.absolute temp. 85, ->,T = (85-50)K = 35K,Touchable surfaces,- metal T= 45K-(50-25)K = 20K,10. HeatingTest,11. AbnormalTest,以溫升之測試,方,方式, 將產(chǎn),品,品,1) 開孔全,部,部封閉,2) DCFan locked (singlefault),測試至其溫度,穩(wěn),穩(wěn)定為止.,然後再進行Hi-PotTest, 不可有Breakdown之情形,12. ElectricStrength Test,Primary to Ground: 1500Vac,Primary to Secondary : 3000Vac,For TNV Product,TNV-SELV : 1500Vac,TNV-CASE : 1500Vac,P.S. 可,用,用直流電測試.,( VAC,測,測試值 *1.414=VCD測試值),Hi-PotTest,( Primary toGround),Hi-PotTest,( Primary toSecondary),凡是產(chǎn)品會產(chǎn),生,生震鈴訊號(,電,電壓)、或可,直,直接連接至電,信,信局端、,或直接連上WAN、或直接,透,透過電話線路,傳,傳送資料or,連,連結(jié),皆屬,於 Telecom產(chǎn)品,在,在安規(guī)定義,中,中統(tǒng)稱為 TNV product ;,而,而產(chǎn)品,內(nèi)部會直接接,受,受 or 傳,送,送Telecom 所需電,壓,壓的部分即稱,為,為 TNV,circuit (TNV circuit 分為,三,三種類型); 凡是TNV circuit,上,上的零,件、零件位置,、,、layout、線路一旦,經(jīng),經(jīng)過承認後皆,不,不可任意變更.,Telecom 產(chǎn)品之相,關(guān),關(guān)規(guī)定,TNV (Telecommunication NetworkVoltage) Circuit-,A circuit inthe equipment towhichthe accessible area of contactislimitedand that isso designedand protected that, under normal operating andsinglefaultconditions,the voltagedo not exceed specified limiting values.,SELV (Safe Extra Low Voltage)Circuit -,A SECONDARYCIRCUIT which is so designed and protectedthatundernormaland singlefaultconditions,its voltagesdo not exceed asafe value (42.4Vpeak or60Vdc).,Telecom 產(chǎn)品之相,關(guān),關(guān)規(guī)定,相關(guān)名詞說明,Telecom 產(chǎn)品之相,關(guān),關(guān)規(guī)定,TNV Circuit,分,分為三種類,型,型,TNV-1Circuits,- whose normal operatingvoltages donot exceedthe limits for an SELVCIRCUIT under normal operating conditions, -on which overvoltages from Telecommunication Networksarepossible (AWG 26can cover this test),總括來說TNV-1為,直,直接連接至outdoor的線路, 但其接,受,受的電壓,低,低於 SELV (42.4Vpeak or 60Vdc),此,此類型產(chǎn)品,必,必須做 overvoltagetest, 但若有,附,附26號線, 即可免,做,做此項測試; EX:,純,純ISDN產(chǎn)品,DI-300,TNV-2Circuits,Telecom 產(chǎn)品,之,之相關(guān)規(guī)定,- whose normaloperatingvoltages exceedthelimits foran SELVCIRCUIT undernormal operating conditions,- fortelephoneringing signals, voltages such that thesignal complieswiththe criteria ofeither clauseM.2(for Europe)or clauseM.3(for US).,一般而言,TNV-2 的線路,是,是針對連接,至,至 indoor telecom 線路,且,且會產(chǎn),生,生震鈴訊號,高,高於 SELV (42.4Vpeak or 60Vdc),此,此類型產(chǎn)品,必,必須做Annex M.2 和M.3的測,試,試 ; EX: DG-104S.,TNV-3Circuits,Telecom 產(chǎn)品,之,之相關(guān)規(guī)定,- whose normaloperatingvoltages exceedthelimits foran SELVCIRCUIT undernormal operating conditions,- onwhichovervoltages from Telecommunication Networksarepossible (AWG 26can coverthistest),TNV-3,的,的線路是,針,針對產(chǎn)品有,直,直接連接至outdoor telecom 線路,且,且其接,受,受的電壓高,於,於 SELV (42.4Vpeak or60Vdc),此類,型,型產(chǎn)品必須,做,做overvoltage test,但,但若有附26號線,即,即可免做此,項,項測試;EX: DSL-300, DSL-500, DSL-200.,Telecom 產(chǎn)品,之,之相關(guān)規(guī)定,SeparationfromTNVcircuit,當(dāng)產(chǎn)品內(nèi)部,有,有部分被定,義,義為TNVcircuit 時, 則TNV circuit,與,與其他線,路,路之間必須,符,符合相關(guān)之,安,安全絕緣要,求,求 (如下,附,附表,但,但不包含北,歐,歐四小國之,要,要求).,6.4.1: Hi-Pottest,Telecom 產(chǎn)品,之,之相關(guān)規(guī)定,SeparationfromTNVcircuit,- MinimumClearancedistance for currentproduct(空間距,離,離),Nordic : 2.0mm,OtherCountry :1.1mm (Basic Insulation),Nordic : 2.5mm,OtherCountry :1.6mm (Basic Insulation),- MinimumCreepage distance for currentproduct(沿面距離),Telecom 產(chǎn)品,之,之相關(guān)規(guī)定,SeparationfromTNVcircuit,位於TNVcircuit 上,之,之Layout、Circuit,、,、Component 、Component trace,相,相互之間的,距,距離皆必須,符,符合相關(guān)之,要,要求.,EX :DG-102S 同時,有,有 TNV-2、 TNV-3,和,和 SELV circuit,則,則查表得知:SELVto TNV-2: BasicSELV toTNV-3: Basic+6.4.1TNV-2to TNV-3 :6.4.1,Telecom 產(chǎn)品,之,之相關(guān)規(guī)定,TNV Component,TNV circuit 上所有,零,零件之廠牌,、,、型號皆會,被,被control,-Fuse:,需要有 UL approve,- Transformer :,若其結(jié)構(gòu)符,合,合, 不一,定,定要有安規(guī),認,認證,但需,提,提供,未,未含浸(Varnish)之sample,、,、內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu),圖,圖和材質(zhì)清,單,單.,-,Varisitor:,必須要有UL approve,-,Capacitorin TNV orbetween TNV andSELVcircuit :,當(dāng)電容跨接,於,於在TNV-SELVor TNV-GND時, 此,電,電容必,須,須提出符,合,合至少 type Y2 之相關(guān),安,安規(guī)證明文,件,件, type Y1for North Europe.,Telecom 產(chǎn)品,之,之相關(guān)規(guī)定,位於TNVcircuit 上,之,之Layout、Circuit,、,、Component 、,ComponentSide一,旦,旦經(jīng)過承認, 即不可,任,任意變更,若,若需,re-layoutor 更換,零,零件etc. 即需,重,重新申請updatesafety,report , 建,議,議在提出申,請,請安規(guī)時,盡,盡量將有,可,可能用到的,componentsource 一起提,出,出申請較符,合,合經(jīng)濟效益.,TNV Component,Telecom 產(chǎn)品,之,之相關(guān)規(guī)定,TNV-3,TNV-2/TNV-3,DG-102S,Telecom 產(chǎn)品,之,之相關(guān)規(guī)定,DSL-300/500,TNV-3Circuit,Telecom 產(chǎn)品,之,之相關(guān)規(guī)定,Telecom 產(chǎn)品,的,的進步速度,是,是日新月異, 在產(chǎn)品,申,申請安規(guī)時, 會發(fā)現(xiàn),很,很多產(chǎn)品對,我,我們以及驗,證,證單位都是,第,第一次接觸, 也因此,經(jīng),經(jīng)常會為了,釐,釐清產(chǎn)品的,特,特性及類型,而,而花費許多,時,時間, 甚,至,至為了要過,安,安規(guī)而必須re-layoutor 更,換,換零件etc, 這,都,都是相當(dāng)費,時,時、費力的,事,事情, 希,望,望RD or 相關(guān)人,員,員能夠在產(chǎn),品,品已有工程,版,版樣品時,即,即能夠與,我,我們討論與,產(chǎn),產(chǎn)品有關(guān)之,安,安規(guī) Issue,才,才能夠於前,端,端就發(fā)現(xiàn)並,解,解決安規(guī)的,問,問題.,The SafetyCheck List forR&D,當(dāng)我們接到,新,新產(chǎn)品欲申,請,請安規(guī),經(jīng),經(jīng)常會遇到,產(chǎn),產(chǎn)品設(shè),計不符合安,規(guī),規(guī)要求的問,題,題, 針對,這,這樣的情況, 我們特,地準備了一,份,份 Safety CheckListfor RD, 並計,劃,劃導(dǎo),入 RD,設(shè),設(shè)計產(chǎn)品的SOP, 列為design review中的,一,一,個項目.,The SafetyCheck List forR&D,The SafetyCheck List forR&D,Q &A,演講完畢，,謝,謝謝觀看！,