2019-2020年高考英語復(fù)習(xí) 名詞性從句考點(diǎn)版.doc

2019-2020年高考英語復(fù)習(xí) 名詞性從句考點(diǎn)版1. Mouse loves rice.2. God is a girl.3. Im Miss Chen, the head teacher of Class One.4(1) His job is important. 4(2) What he does is important.5(1) This is his job. 5(2) This is what he does every day.6(1) I dont like his job. 6(1) I dont like what he does every day.7(1) I dont know the man, Mr. White. 7(2) I dont know the fact that he is a teacher.二、名詞從句(Noun Clauses)在句子中起 作用的句子，相當(dāng)于 在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任 、 、 、 等根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，可分為 (Subject Clause)、 (Predicative Clause)、 (Object Clause)和 (Appositive Clause)三、名詞性從句考點(diǎn)：考點(diǎn)1語序：名詞性從句在句中要用 語序，即_ + _1) He would be back in an hour. He saidHe said _.2) Do they speak English? We want to knowWe want to know _.3) What is her name? He asks meHe asks me _.注意:在think, believe, suppose, expect等動(dòng)詞之后, 賓語從句中謂語的否定常轉(zhuǎn)移到主句的謂語上如：I dont think he will see you. We dont expect he is ing. 我相信他不會走。考點(diǎn)2時(shí)態(tài)1. 如果主句是 的時(shí)態(tài)(包括, )那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用。合成一個(gè)句子：1) When will Professor Li give us a talk? We wanted to know We to know .2) Jim is a good student. The teacher said The teacher . 3) Has Mr. Green been in Beijing for five years? He asked He .2. 主句的動(dòng)詞用，從句表示等，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用Our physics teacher once told us that light _ (travel) faster than sound.3. 主句的動(dòng)詞用，從句謂語可Tom says that Mary _ (go) abroad last year and _ (be) there for nearly 5 months.考點(diǎn)3. 主謂一致問題單個(gè)的主語從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用形式。如果是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語從句作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞則用形式。由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語從句，謂語動(dòng)詞用形式。 1)何時(shí)開會還沒有決定。When the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet.2)他們何時(shí)出發(fā)和他們?nèi)ツ睦镞€沒有決定。When they will start and where they will go _ (have) not been decided yet.3)何時(shí)何地開會還沒有決定。When and where the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet.考點(diǎn)4 名詞性從句連接詞的選用1. 引導(dǎo)詞that 可省略的情況：單個(gè)賓語從句中的that可省略不可省略的情況：1. 主語從句 2. 表語從句 3. 同位語從句4. 用it做形式賓語的賓語從句5. 并列的賓語從句中的后幾個(gè)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that 不能省略1) I dont think _ she is ing.2) It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3) The reason is _ he is careless.4) The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5) I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6) He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.2. 主要根據(jù)名詞性從句中的具體意義,正確的選擇who、which、when、where、why、how 等連接詞，這些連接詞既具有疑問含義，又起連接作用，同時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)各種成分。1)我們何時(shí)舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會還沒有決定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.2) 我不知道昨天誰打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.3) 我不知道他長的什么樣子。I have no idea _ he looks like.4) 這就是我忘記眼鏡的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.3. that和what的選用: that和what都可引導(dǎo)所有的名詞從句。1) I think that it is unnecessary for me to speak louder.2) His mother is satisfied with what he has done.3) That he was able to e made us happy.4) This is what makes us interested.5) The reason was that Tom had never seen the million-pound note before. 所引導(dǎo)的從句中是否缺主語、表語或賓語漢語意義能否省略whatthat1) _ he wants is a book.2) _ he wants to go there is obvious.3) The result is _ we won the game.4) This is _ we want to know.5) Is _ he told us true?6) We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7) I have no doubt _ he will e.8) I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.4. if 和whether的選用不能使用if 的情況：1)在主語從句中，只有用it作形式主語時(shí), whether和if都能引導(dǎo)主語從句, 否則, 也只能用whether。如: Whether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. It hasnt been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.2)表語從句 如：The question is whether the film is worth seeing.同位語從句 如：The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.3)介詞之后的賓語從句。(介詞往往可以省略) 如：It all depends (on) whether they will support us.4)后面直接跟動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，即whether to do。如：He doesnt know whether to stay or not.5)后面緊接or not時(shí)，即whether or not。如：We didnt know whether or not she was ready.選詞填空：if / whether1) I asked her _ she had a bike.2) _ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3) Were worried about _ he is safe.4) I dont know _ he is well or not.5) I dont know _ or not he is well.6) The question is _ he should do it.7) The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8) I dont know _ to go.考點(diǎn)5 虛擬語氣 a)主語從句中的虛擬語氣基本句型：It is + 、 、 + that . + : important ,necessary, natural, strange: a pity, a shame, no wonder: suggested, ordered, demanded, insisted1) It is ordered that he _ the examination? A. takes B. has to take C. must take D. take2) It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has toldb)賓語從句中的虛擬語氣表示建議、要求、命令、堅(jiān)持等動(dòng)詞suggest, insist, advise, propose, demand, require, request, order, mand后的從句謂語動(dòng)詞用_We suggested that the meeting _A. should put off B. be put off C. was put off D. putting off注意:suggest 當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明”講時(shí)，insist 表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”之意時(shí)，從句按需要來選擇時(shí)態(tài)The smile on his face suggested that he _ (was/be/is) satisfied with our work.對現(xiàn)在虛擬時(shí)，that從句中謂語用過去時(shí)。 如：IwishI_(know)theanswer now.對過去虛擬時(shí)，用had過去分詞。 如：Iwishhe _(pass)theexam yesterday.將來虛擬時(shí)，用would(might等)動(dòng)詞原形如：IwishI_ (fly)tothemooninafewyears.c)表語和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即_His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can tryThe order given by the mander was that they _ until the mander allowed they to. A. stopped B. didnt stop C. stop D. not stop考點(diǎn)6 it作形式主語和形式賓語1. 當(dāng)主語從句較長,而謂語較短時(shí),常常將從句_,而用it作為形式主語置于句首。用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系：It + be +形容詞+ that-從句It + be +名詞+ that-從句It is necessary that 有必要It is important that 重要的是It is obvious that很明顯It is mon knowledge that 是常識It is a surprise that 令人驚奇的是It is a fact that 事實(shí)是It + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句It +不及物動(dòng)詞+ that-分句It is believed that人們相信It is known to all that眾所周知It has been decided that已決定It appears that 似乎It happens that碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起1) It is certain that he will e.2) It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week.3) It happened that we were out for a walk yesterday evening.2. 在接復(fù)合賓語的句子中, 為了保持句子平衡, 用it作形式賓語, 將從句放于句尾, 常接復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞有: make, find, see, hear, feel, think.1) I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.2) Ithinkitapitytowastethefood.考點(diǎn)7 同位語從句的引導(dǎo)和辨別1. 同位語從句的格式：n. + 連接詞 + 從句2. 能接同位語從句的名詞有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, advice, suggestion等3. 連接詞通常是that,也可根據(jù)含義選用whether, what, when, where 等來引導(dǎo)同位語從句。1) I have no idea _ he es from.2) He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3) He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4) I have no doubt _ he will win.5) I have some doubt _ he will win.4. 同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別 同位語從句說明的名詞大都是抽象名詞; 定語從句所修飾、限定的名詞或代詞有抽象的也有不抽象的。We express the hope that they will e to visit China again. (_從句)Those who want to go please sign their names here. (_從句)判斷以下句子是哪種從句：同位語從句_ 定語從句_1) The news that he told us made us happy.2) The news that we won the game made us happy.3) We will consider the suggestion that we should build a new library.4) We will consider the suggestion that he put forward at the meeting.5) The news that he told me is that Mike would go abroad next year.6) The news that Mike would go abroad next year is told by him. 7) She expressed the hope that they would e to visit Shanghai again. 8) The hope (that) she expressed is that they would e to visit Shanghai again. 同位語從句所說明的名詞與從句沒有邏輯關(guān)系；The news that they won the match is true. (news和從句沒有邏輯關(guān)系)The order when we should go back hasnt reached us. (order和從句沒有邏輯關(guān)系)定語從句所限定的名詞是從句邏輯上的主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等。The news that you told us yesterday is true. (news是told的邏輯賓語)The day when New China was founded will never be forgotten. (day是founded邏輯狀語) 引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連詞不可省略; The news that he has been elected monitor of our class is true.引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞作賓語時(shí)?？墒÷浴he news (that) he told me is exciting. 同位語從句主要由連接詞that引導(dǎo),有時(shí)也可用when,where,who,whether等引導(dǎo); 定語從句由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)。Then he raised the question where they were to get the machine needed.Do you know the place where he was born? 同位語從句與先行詞一般可變成一個(gè)完整句子, 謂語動(dòng)詞用be的不同形式。 He heard the news that their team had won. 此句可以變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)表語從句: The news was that their team had won.Exercise:I. 主語從句1.他上周突然生病使我們驚訝。 he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.2.毫無疑問她考試成績會很好。 is certain that she will do well in her exam. 3.他是否會來這里還不清楚。 hell e here is not clear.4.這事怎樣發(fā)生的，誰也不清楚。 this happened is not clear to anyone. 5.他們將什么時(shí)候開始還沒決定。 they will start has not been decided yet.6.她干了什么尚不清楚。 she did is not yet known. 7.他所做的任何事情是正確的 he did was right. 8.不論誰來都?xì)g迎。 es is wele. 9.你們當(dāng)中不論哪個(gè)進(jìn)來將會得到獎(jiǎng) of you es in will receive a prize.10.你所在的任何地方就是我的家-我唯一的家。 you are is my home - my only home. II. 表語從句1.麻煩是我把他的地址丟了。The trouble is I have lost his address. 2.問題是他們是否能幫我們。The question is they will be able to help us. 3.問題是我們能找到誰去替換她呢。The problem is we can get to replace her.4.問題是他是如何做此事的。The question is he did it.5.那就是她今晨上了閣樓干的。That was she did this morning on reaching the attic.6.這是因?yàn)樗×恕his was he was ill.7.他死去的原因是他沒有吃藥。 The reason for his death was he didnt take medicine.8.他看起來還與十年前一樣。He looked just he had looked ten years before.9.這都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一樣。All this was over twenty years ago, but its it was only yesterday.10.看起來天要下雨了。It looked just it was going to rain.III. 賓語從句1.他對我們說他感到不舒服He told us he felt ill.2.我懷疑他是否會成功I doubt he will succeed.3.我真不知道是該哭還是該笑。I dont know to cry or to smile.4.我不知它是真是假I wonder it is true or not.5.他是什么人？他是干什么的？馬丁根本不知道. or he was, Martin never learned.6.我不知道他要給我寫信說什么事I wonder hes writing to me about.7.我為我說的話表示歉意。I m sorry for I have said.8.你知道他在哪里嗎? Do you know he is?9.我會告訴你我為什么要你來Ill tell you I asked you to e. 10.你可做任何你想做的事You may do you want.11.我認(rèn)為你錯(cuò)了I think that you are right.IV. 同位語從句1.對你生病這件事，他們都很焦慮。They were all very much worried over the fact you were sick.2.德國已對俄國宣戰(zhàn)的消息一大早就傳來了。Early in the day came the news Germany had declared war on Russia.3.醫(yī)生做了很多努力來減少這個(gè)病人對于死與這個(gè)疾病的恐懼。The doctor did a lot to reduce the patients fear he would die of the disease.4.我不知道他是否來。I have no idea hell e or not. 5.誰該干這項(xiàng)工作，這個(gè)問題需要考慮。The question should do the work requires consideration.6.到哪兒去度暑假，這個(gè)問題我們還沒有決定。We havent yet settled the question we are going to spend our summer vacation.7.我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來。I have no idea he will e back.7.那是一個(gè)他如何做了此事的問題It is a question he did it.8.車停下來的原因是路太滑了.The reason the car was stopped was that the road was slippery.