高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 特色重組練 特色重組練二 新人教版-新人教版高三全冊(cè)英語(yǔ)試題

特色重組練二.閱讀理解A(2019·廣東?？?We have all been there. In a rush to leave the house we grab our phones ahead out of the door, realizing all too late that the battery is dead because we forgot to plug it into the table cloth. Or perhaps we have not. But this could be in future that scientists hope to explore with electronic sheets that charge our mobile phones, laptops and other equipment by harvesting energy from the world around us.In a step in that direction, scientists at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have created super­thin, bendy materials that absorb wireless Internet and other electromagnetic waves in the air and turn them into electricity. The lead researcher, Tomas Palacios, said the breakthrough smoothed the way for energy­harvesting covers ranging from table cloths to giant packing for buildings that catch energy from the environment to power sensors and other electronics.Palacios and his colleagues connected a bendy antenna (天線) to a flexible semiconductor (半導(dǎo)體) layer only three atoms thick. The antenna picks up wi­fi and other radio frequency signals and turns them into a current. This flows into a special semiconductor, where it is changed into a direct electrical current. Researchers have made energy­harvesting “rectennas (整流天線)” before, but existing equipment is made from conventional semiconductors which are inflexible, fragile and practically impossible to make in large sheets.The wi­fi signals can fill an office with more than 100 microwatts of power that is ripe to be collected by energy­harvesting equipment. The MIT system has an efficiency (效率) of between 30% and 40%，producing about 40 microwatts when exposed to signals bearing 150 microwatts of power in laboratory tests. “It doesn't sound like much compared with the 60 watts that a computer needs, but you can still do a lot with it，” Palacios said. “You can design a wide range of sensors, for environmental monitoring or chemical and biological sensing, which operate at the single microwatt level.”Medical equipment is another potential application. Because wi­fi and similar radio­frequency signals pass through people, energy­harvesting covers could be applied to implanted sensors to provide them with enough power to send out health data to an outside receiver.1What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?AThe phone. BThe door.CThe sheet. DThe table.答案：A指代判斷題。上文提到你匆忙拿著手機(jī)出門(mén)，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)手機(jī)沒(méi)電了，因?yàn)槟阃洶阉迦胱啦剂?。故it代指手機(jī)。2What is special about the new breakthrough?AIt can harvest wi­fi energy.BIt is super thin and flexible.C It can power all the electronics.DIt smoothes the way of receiving signals.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“super­thin, bendy materials”可知，重大突破就是超薄、靈活。3What is the main idea of the last paragraph?AAnother energy harvesting equipment.BThe function of the health data receiver.CAnother potential application of the new equipment.DThe way to implant the new equipment into the patient.答案：C段落大意題。由主題句“Medical equipment is another potential application.”可知，本段主要講了新設(shè)備的另一個(gè)潛在應(yīng)用。grab v. 抓??；攫取battery n. 電池conventional adj. 符合習(xí)俗的，傳統(tǒng)的；常見(jiàn)的；慣例的第二段第二句：The lead researcher, Tomas Palacios, said the breakthrough smoothed the way for energy­harvesting covers ranging from table cloths to giant packing for buildings that catch energy from the environment to power sensors and other electronics.譯文：首席研究員Tomas Palacios說(shuō)，這一突破為能源收集罩的發(fā)展鋪平了道路，包括從桌布到建筑物的巨型包裝。這種能源收集罩能從環(huán)境中獲取能量，并為傳感器和其他電子設(shè)備提供動(dòng)力。分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，said后面是一個(gè)省略了that的賓語(yǔ)從句。而賓語(yǔ)從句中又含有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，由that引導(dǎo)，修飾先行詞covers。B(原創(chuàng)題)In 1782, the bald eagle was officially declared the national symbol of the United States. It became the icon that evoked (喚起) patriotisma feeling of strength and power, of independence and courage. At the time, the population was at an estimated 100,000 birds.In the 20th century, the population of bald eagles fell to dangerously low levels, leading to fears of extinction. Fortunately, decades of recovery efforts brought the species back from the brinka witness to the meaningful milestones that can be achieved through effective conservation. The decline likely began as early as the late 1800s, as both eagle prey and eagles were hunted for the feather trade. By 1960, there were only 400 nesting pairs left in the lower 48.The first eagle protections came from the Bald Eagle Protection Act of 1940, which prohibited the killing or selling of bald eagles. Despite this, populations continued to fall due to the widespread use of DDT in the 1940s and beyondthe pesticide often ending up in rivers, streams and lakes, and gathering in fish tissue. Birds that fed on these fish laid eggs with such thin shells that they cracked during nesting. In 1967, the bald eagle was listed as “endangered” under the predecessor to the Endangered Species Actthe Endangered Species Preservation Act of 1966. The bald eagle was one of the first species to be officially listed under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) when it was signed in 1973.The 1972 ban on DDT made the eagle's recovery possible. That recovery was greatly sped up by a combination of regulatory restrictions, nesting site protections, and reintroduction programs, which together contributed to a dramatic turnaround for bald eagle populations. The ESA was a critical driver of all of these efforts. In 1995, the bald eagle's status was reduced from “endangered” to “threatened，” with an estimated 4,700 nesting pairs occurring in the lower 48 states. A little over a decade later, in 2007, the species was delisted with an estimated 10,000 nesting pairs. In 40 years, the bird saw a 25­fold increase in its population. The ESA helped save the most iconic bird in the United States.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。拯救瀕危珍稀野生動(dòng)物，我們一直在行動(dòng)！那么在本篇文章中又有哪一種珍貴的野生動(dòng)物被成功救助了呢？4When did Americans first protect bald eagles officially?AIn 1910. BIn 1940.CIn 1782. DIn 1967.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知，在1940年，美國(guó)人開(kāi)始正式保護(hù)禿鷹。5What does the underlined word “they” refer to?AThe fish. BThin shells.CEggs. DBald eagles. 答案：C指代判斷題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞前面的“Birds that fed on these fish laid eggs with such thin shells”可知，這里的they指的是前面提到的eggs，指它們吃了DDT之后，鳥(niǎo)蛋的皮比較薄，因此鳥(niǎo)蛋容易壞，從而造成它們繁殖數(shù)量的下降。6How did the ESA help save the eagles?ABuilding nesting sites for eagles.BSetting up special conserves for eagles.CProhibiting the killing or selling of eagles.DForbidding the use of DDT. 答案：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第一句可知，ESA通過(guò)禁止使用DDT而幫助禿鷹物種免于滅絕。7How many laws are there about the eagles?A1. B2.C3. D4.答案：D推理判斷題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，共有4項(xiàng)法律法規(guī)是關(guān)于保護(hù)禿鷹的。national symbol 國(guó)家象征patriotism 愛(ài)國(guó)主義；愛(ài)國(guó)精神brink n. 邊緣，初始狀態(tài)milestone n. 重大事件，里程碑第四段最后一句：Birds that fed on these fish laid eggs with such thin shells that they cracked during nesting.譯文：以這些魚(yú)為食的鳥(niǎo)產(chǎn)下的蛋殼非常薄，以至于在筑巢時(shí)蛋殼會(huì)裂開(kāi)。分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。本句使用了such . that . 句型，句中that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句；另外that fed on these fish是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞birds。.語(yǔ)法填空Crossword puzzles and exercise are just a few of the habits that improve memory best. But to _1_ (true) give your brain a push, you might want to take a simple tip to heartand it's nothing you learned in school.So far researchers from Waterloo University in Canada _2_ (unvover) what may be the easiest way to improve your memory ever. Their research, recently published in the journal Memory，_3_ (suggest) that reading out loud yourself can increase your recall skills _4_ up to 15%.In the study, scientists asked 95 _5_ (participate) to test four methods for learning _6_ (write) information: reading silently, hearing someone else read, reading aloud, and listening to a recording of oneself reading. Their results? Participants who read the information out loud showed the best retention (保持) ratesabout 15% _7_ (high) in learning speed, in fact.“Say _8_ you want to remember out loud, and you'll have _9_ higher likelihood of remembering it. Yes, it's that simple！” psychologist and study co­author Colin MacLeod said.So next time you're preparing for a big exam, devote some time to _10_ (read) loud. Trust us, it might make you a genius.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。大聲朗讀出所要記憶的內(nèi)容，可以提高記憶效果。1truly考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)give your brain a push，用副詞形式。2have uncovered考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句首的so far意為“到目前為止”，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。3suggests考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。文章用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。該句的主語(yǔ)是Their research，所以謂語(yǔ)要用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式，故用suggests。4by考查介詞。大聲朗讀可以把記憶力最多提高15%。用by表示“增加了或者降低了”。5participants考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？茖W(xué)家讓95名參與者(participants)測(cè)試四種方法。6written考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。written information “書(shū)面材料”。7higher考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。此處表示“在學(xué)習(xí)速度方面要高出15%”，所以用比較級(jí)。8what考查賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。連接詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中作remember的賓語(yǔ)，所以用what。9a考查冠詞。have a higher likelihood of . “更有可能”。10reading考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！癲evote . to .”中的to是介詞，后面接名詞或者動(dòng)詞­ing形式。.短文改錯(cuò)Last month, my parents asked me to meet my grandparents at high­speed train station with them, but I agreed. I didn't see him for a year. Last year we paid a visit to them, and we invite them to visit the city when we live, for we bought a new house this year, with a room available for them. Seeing us, my grandparents were very happily. In the following days, I showed them around our cities. Two weeks late, they decided to go home. Mom bought for them new clothes and some typical snacks for their neighbors. They expressed their satisfaction, ask us to go to the hometown more often.答案：Last month, my parents asked me to meet my grandparents at high­speed train station with them, I agreed. I didn't see for a year. Last year we paid a visit to them, and we them to visit the city we live, for we bought a new house this year, with a room available for them. Seeing us, my grandparents were very . In the following days, I showed them around our . Two weeks ， they decided to go home. Mom bought them new clothes and some typical snacks for their neighbors. They expressed their satisfaction, us to go to the hometown more often.1at后加the考查冠詞。此處表示說(shuō)話人都知道的事物，表特指，故在名詞前需加定冠詞the。2butand考查連詞。此處是并列關(guān)系，不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。3himthem考查代詞。此處指代上文提到的grandparents，是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故用them。4inviteinvited考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Last year可知，此處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。5whenwhere考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。從句修飾先行詞city，是指地點(diǎn)的名詞，且引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，故用where。6happilyhappy考查形容詞。在be動(dòng)詞后面用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。7citiescity考查名詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，作者和家人居住在一個(gè)城市，所以用單數(shù)。8latelater考查副詞。two weeks later “兩周之后”。9去掉第一個(gè)for考查介詞。buy sb. sth.或者 buy sth. for sb.“為某人買(mǎi)東西”，此處for多余。10askasking考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處ask和其邏輯主語(yǔ)They為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示伴隨，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。.書(shū)面表達(dá)假設(shè)你是學(xué)生李華，你需要設(shè)計(jì)一份英語(yǔ)社團(tuán)納新的海報(bào)，你想請(qǐng)外籍教師Tom幫助策劃。請(qǐng)根據(jù)提示，用英語(yǔ)給Tom寫(xiě)一封求助信。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：1求助事由；2希望指導(dǎo)；3感謝幫助。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Dear Tom， Yours，Li Hua精彩范文Dear_Tom，I'm writing to ask you for advice, hoping that you will do me a favor.As you know, participating in school societies will add pleasure to our school life. So every year we hold an activity, appealing to new members to join a variety of student societies. What I should do now is to put up attractive posters, to recruit new members to the English club. I've been told that no one else can design a better poster than you. Would you please do me the favor to help design the poster? If you agree, I will come to your office at the time most convenient to you.I'd appreciate it if you'd offer me a hand. Looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li_Hua