新高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專(zhuān)題限時(shí)集訓(xùn)12 閱讀七選五之說(shuō)明文（Ⅰ）（含解析）-人教版高三英語(yǔ)試題

專(zhuān)題限時(shí)集訓(xùn)(十二)閱讀七選五之說(shuō)明文()A (2020·大同市學(xué)情調(diào)研)How to Build a Better BreakfastWe've all heard that breakfast is the most important meal of the day，and that may actually be true.A study found that breakfast eaters were more likely to lose weight than those who didn't eat a morning meal. 1 But it's not just whether you eat or not；it's what you eat that matters.These tips will help you really rise and shine：1Eat even if you're not hungry.Although you might not feel like eating when you get up in the morning，it's a good idea to get something into your system.Eating within 90 minutes of waking up will jump­start your metabolism(新陳代謝) and keep you from getting hungry later. 2 2Be boring.Changing what you eat is a good idea in theory，but if you are watching your weight，you might want to stick with the same old menu.People who allow their breakfast calories to change have larger waists and a higher incidence(發(fā)生率) of metabolic syndrome than folks who keep their morning calorie intake constant，no matter how much they eat for the rest of the day. 3 3.Add peanuts or peanut butter.By eating peanuts or peanut butter，the carbohydrates are taken in more slowly and blood sugar does not rise as high. 4 So they are less likely to snack later.4 5 There's an old saying that advises“Eat breakfast like a king，lunch like a prince and dinner like a pauper”It's worth following.Those who eat a balanced 700­calorie breakfast over a 12­week period lower their blood sugar and blood pressure twice more than people who eat a 200­calorie meal.They also lose an average of 19.2 pounds and have lower levels of ghrelin，the“hunger hormone”AGo big.BPile on the produce.CJust a banana will do the trick.DSo it's worth making the effort to hold it steady.EIt could set you up for overeating throughout the day.FPlus women feel fuller for up to 12 hours after eating peanuts or peanut butter.GOther studies link skipping breakfast with a higher risk of developing high blood pressure，heart disease，and type 2 diabetes(糖尿病)【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了“如何吃好早餐”。作為一天中最重要的一餐，早餐的作用不容小覷。文中就如何更好地吃早餐給出了四點(diǎn)建議。1G根據(jù)空前的句子可知，一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，吃早餐的人比不吃早餐的人更可能減肥。G項(xiàng)說(shuō)明其他研究發(fā)現(xiàn)不吃早餐的害處，意義銜接連貫；另外，G項(xiàng)中的“Other studies”與空格前的“A study”相呼應(yīng)，故答案為G項(xiàng)。2C根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題可知，即使不餓也要吃早餐。C項(xiàng)“僅僅一根香蕉也會(huì)起到作用”與該部分主旨一致。3D根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題和“stick with the same old menu”以及空格前一句中早餐卡路里攝入量改變與否的健康狀況比較可推知，該部分的中心是“保持早餐卡路里攝入量不變化”，D項(xiàng)“所以努力保持其穩(wěn)定是值得的”與段落大意吻合，且D項(xiàng)中代詞it指代前一句中的“calorie intake”。4F根據(jù)該部分的小標(biāo)題和闡述部分不難看出，段落的核心詞是peanuts or peanut butter。F項(xiàng)中有核心詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)，還有后文they所指代的復(fù)數(shù)名詞women，符合代詞上下文指代一致的原則，且銜接副詞Plus(另外，而且)也提示了其與空格前一句話(huà)的并列關(guān)系，故選F項(xiàng)。5A空格處為段落小標(biāo)題。由該段第一句中的“Eat breakfast like a king”可得出結(jié)論：早餐卡路里攝入量越多越有益，這與A選項(xiàng)Go big(吃大餐)相呼應(yīng)，故選A項(xiàng)。B (2020·山師大附中模擬)If you are thinking about redecorating the home, you are probably searching about interior (室內(nèi)的) decoration ideas.Redecorating presents a great chance to reflect your personality by displaying your style and interests.It will be easy to redecorate the home if money is not a restriction. 6 Here are some tips on how to do so：Search some magazines.You can get dozens of home interior decoration ideas from countless magazines and TV programs.Some programs tend to show less costly interior decoration ideas. 7 It's a good way of comparing different styles.Here you can make distinction between broad styles, country, contemporary, etc.Fond of primitive style.If you are fond of primitive or traditional style, warmer colors are the best for the room.These colors go with all kinds of cloth of old style and wooden furniture. 8 Modern style.If you like modern styles, use brighter colors instead of white and off white.Home decoration of these styles includes minimum disorder and a lot of free space and light.Leather furniture matches the room: white or black with contrasting throw cushion (靠墊) per seating place. 9 10 This often occurs anyway, especially if the people give you furniture or you inherit (繼承 )the same.If you wish to combine different pieces of furniture from different styles, you need to bridge a gap between them.This can be done easily with materials like throw pillows, wall hangings and carpets.AA white one on a black sofa suits here.BThere is nothing wrong in mixing two styles.CAnother effective and affordable option is by surfing the Internet.DThe combinations and possibilities in the first decoration are endless.EAutumn colors go well to produce warm, friendly and pleasant atmosphere.FNevertheless, the question for most is how to redecorate the home within limited budget.GThe walls tend to have one or two pieces of wall art rather than 6 to 10 of the older time.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了幾種重新裝修的方法，通過(guò)這些方法來(lái)裝修可以展示你的風(fēng)格和興趣，反映你的個(gè)性。6F前文“It will be easy to redecorate the home if money is not a restriction.”(如果錢(qián)不是限制的話(huà)，重新裝修房子會(huì)很容易)與F項(xiàng)“Nevertheless, the question for most is how to redecorate the home within limited budget.”(然而，對(duì)大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)，問(wèn)題是如何在有限的預(yù)算內(nèi)重新裝修房子)承接自然，前后部分都談到和裝修有關(guān)的資金問(wèn)題，money和budget是關(guān)鍵詞，故選F項(xiàng)。7C前文“Search some magazines.”(在雜志上搜索)與C項(xiàng)“Another effective and affordable option is by surfing the Internet.”(另一種有效且經(jīng)濟(jì)的選擇是上網(wǎng))承接自然，前后部分介紹了兩種尋找裝修風(fēng)格的途徑，故選C項(xiàng)。8E前文“These colors go with all kinds of cloth of old style and wooden furniture.”(這些顏色與各種舊式布料和木制家具相配)與E項(xiàng)“Autumn colors go well to produce warm, friendly and pleasant atmosphere.”(秋天的顏色很適合制造溫暖、友好和愉快的氣氛)承接自然，前后部分話(huà)題一致，都是關(guān)于顏色和其他部分的搭配，color是關(guān)鍵詞，故選E項(xiàng)。9A前文“white or black with contrasting throw cushion per seating place”(白色或黑色，每個(gè)座位處有對(duì)比鮮明的靠墊)與A項(xiàng)“A white one on a black sofa suits here.”(黑色沙發(fā)上的白色靠墊適合這里)承接自然，前后兩句都講述顏色對(duì)比鮮明的話(huà)題，white和black是關(guān)鍵詞，故選A項(xiàng)。10B根據(jù)下文“If you wish to combine different pieces of furniture from different styles, you need to bridge a gap between them.This can be done easily with materials like throw pillows, wall hangings and carpets.”(如果你想把不同風(fēng)格的家具聯(lián)系在一起，那么你需要在它們中間搭配一個(gè)間隔。這個(gè)很容易做到，比如放個(gè)靠枕，壁掛和地毯)可知本段主要講述把兩種風(fēng)格的家具混合在一起增加美感。B項(xiàng)“There is nothing wrong in mixing two styles.”(把兩種風(fēng)格混在一起沒(méi)有錯(cuò))可以作為本段中心句，故選B項(xiàng)。C Here's what your handwriting says about youYou'd be surprised to see what a handwriting analyst says about you. 11 How do you cross your“t's”？If you write your “t's” with a long cross，you're likely to be determined and enthusiastic，possibly with stubborn tendencies. 12 If you cross your“t's” up high，you likely have many goals and aim high.If you cross them low，it could mean it's time to raise the bar for yourself；low crossers tend to aim low as well. 13 Did you know outgoing personalities tend to write in large letters，and shy types prefer to write small？If you have average­sized writing，it shows a strong ability to focus and concentrate.How much do you space your words?People who leave large spaces between their words enjoy freedom and independence. 14 If your words are totally jammed together，a handwriting analyst will suggest that you might have the tendency to crowd people.How quickly do you write?If you write quickly，it's highly likely that you're impatient and dislike wasting time.If you take your time getting your words down，you are independent and methodical.How much pen pressure do you use?While very heavy pen pressure can suggest tension and anger，modestly heavy pressure is a sign of commitment.Soft pressure means you're sympathetic and sensitive. 15 AHow big or small do you write?BHow often do you use capital letters?CIt might also mean you lack energy.DIf you use a short cross，however，it could be because you're lazy.EYour “t's” have a lot to do with what your handwriting says about you.FThe way you write could reflect more than 5，000 different personalities.GThose who squeeze their words together tend to like the company of others.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了筆跡所反映出的不同性格。11F設(shè)空處是全文的主題句。通讀下文可知，本文主要介紹了筆跡所反映出的不同性格，故F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。12DD項(xiàng)中的cross與本段小標(biāo)題中的cross及上句中的cross形成原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)：且D項(xiàng)中的short cross與上句中的long cross形成對(duì)比。13A本段中的“in large letters”， “write small”以及“average­sized writing”表明本段主要講字體大小反映出的性格。14GG項(xiàng)中的“Those who squeeze their words together”與上句中的“People who leave large spaces”形成對(duì)比。15CC項(xiàng)中的mean與上句中的means形成原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)；且C項(xiàng)中的also表明C項(xiàng)內(nèi)容是對(duì)上句的進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充。DPeople have a huge influence on your life.“You are the average of the five people you spend the most time with，”says American motivational speaker Jim Rohn.With this in mind，you should think about the people you're spending time with the same way you think about what you eat and how you're exercising. 16 ？ And what are the benefits of surrounding yourself with these people? 17 . They provide you with motivation to achieve your goals，empower you to make the changes you need to succeed and cheer on your success.In the workplace，good people tend to be productive people.They're organized，create schedules they stick to and don't get easily distracted(分心的) from the end goal.And all these things help you to be more productive!People are different.There are things that make you happy but might not make me happy. 18 . The key is finding the people that are good for you.Remember that like attracts like.You need to be confident and be yourself.This will lead you to the people that are right for you. 19 Resentment(怨恨) only leads to bitterness and unhappiness，and it's time to let it go. 20 ， people who make you laugh，people who help you when you're in need，and people who truly care about you.They are the ones worth keeping in your life.Everyone else is just passing through.AHow do you become a good personBYou may also need to practice forgivenessCGood people will inspire you to be a better personDSurround yourself with people who make you happyEYour idea of support may differ from the next person'sFWhat makes someone a good person to spend time withGFamily members are the people that you spend the most time with【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。我們應(yīng)該跟能讓自己進(jìn)步的人交朋友。16F下文提到了能讓你進(jìn)步的人應(yīng)具有的一些特征，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)承上啟下，且F項(xiàng)與該空后一句在結(jié)構(gòu)上并列。17C本段提到了能讓你進(jìn)步的人具有的一些特征，以及他們帶給你的好處。該空為本段的中心句，C項(xiàng)中的inspire與本段中的motivation，achieve，empower，succeed和success都是表達(dá)積極意思的詞匯。當(dāng)你實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的目標(biāo)，在工作中收獲更多時(shí)，你就會(huì)成為一個(gè)更好的人(a better person)。18E該段講人的認(rèn)知是不同的，能讓你開(kāi)心的東西不一定會(huì)帶給“我”快樂(lè)，你對(duì)“支持”的理解也許跟別人不一樣，最重要的是找到對(duì)你有益的人。E項(xiàng)中的differ與段首的different為同根詞。19B該空后提到了不原諒別人的過(guò)錯(cuò)會(huì)帶來(lái)的后果怨恨只會(huì)讓你痛苦、不開(kāi)心，你要學(xué)會(huì)放下怨恨。B項(xiàng)中的“You may also need to”與上文中的“You need to”在結(jié)構(gòu)上并列。20D該段總結(jié)全文，你要結(jié)交能帶給你快樂(lè)的人。D項(xiàng)中的“people who make you happy”與該空后的“people who make you laugh, people who help you . people who truly care about you”在結(jié)構(gòu)上并列。E Humans are not the only ones who use dating sites and apps to find a mate.Frogs and cows are also finding partners through the creative use of technology.Romeo is a Sehuencas water frog from Bolivia. 21 But when they collected Romeo，they didn't expect that they would spend more than 10 years looking for a mate for him.They began to wonder if Romeo was the last Sehuencas water frog alive.Last year，to raise money to search for possible mates for Romeo，the scientists took an unusual step. 22 Of course，the scientists who created the page weren't really hoping that a frog would respond.They wanted to raise money so they could search for another Sehuencas water frog.The plan worked. 23 The money allowed the scientists to go back into the forests in the area of Bolivia where Romeo was found.Luckily，the team finally found five frogs in all，three males and two females. 24 In the United Kingdom，a company called Hectare has come up with“Tudder”an unusual way for farm animals to find partners.Tudder is a “dating” app which allows farmers to easily find mates for their cows and bulls(公牛)Farmers can post pictures of their animals to the app. 25 Tudder may sound a bit silly，but farmers say it saves them time and money because they don't have to travel with their animals to find them a mate.AThey raised $25，000.BRomeo got a lot of attention.CThe team saw a frog jump in the water.DScientists knew this species was in trouble.EOne of the females，named Juliet，will be Romeo's new partner.FThey created a page for Romeo on the dating website M.GThey can also look through pictures and descriptions to find other animals in need of a mate.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。交友軟件的使用已不僅限于人類(lèi)，如今人們也可通過(guò)交友軟件給動(dòng)物們尋找它們的另一半。21D根據(jù)下文中的“they didn't expect that they would spend more than 10 years looking for a mate for him.They began to wonder if Romeo was the last Sehuencas water frog alive”可知，來(lái)自玻利維亞的塞胡卡斯水蛙幾乎瀕臨滅絕，故D項(xiàng)中的“this species was in trouble”與之呼應(yīng)，故D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。22F根據(jù)下文中的“the scientists who created the page”可知，科學(xué)家們?cè)诩s會(huì)網(wǎng)站上給水蛙“羅密歐”創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)網(wǎng)頁(yè)，以此來(lái)募集資金。F項(xiàng)中的“They created a page for Romeo”和下文中“created the page”相呼應(yīng)。23A根據(jù)上文中的“They wanted to raise money”和“The plan worked”以及下文的“The money allowed the scientists to go back into the forests”可知，科學(xué)家們想出的辦法奏效了，他們籌到了想要的資金，A項(xiàng)的“They raised $25, 000”與此相呼應(yīng)，故A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。24E根據(jù)上文中的“the team finally found five frogs in all，three males and two females”可知，E項(xiàng)中的“One of the females”承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。25G根據(jù)上文中的“which allows farmers to easily find mates for their cows and bulls(公牛)Farmers can post pictures of their animals to the app”，以及下文中的“because they don't have to travel with their animals to find them a mate”可知，G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。農(nóng)場(chǎng)主們不僅可以把自己的動(dòng)物照片發(fā)到網(wǎng)站上尋找配對(duì)，也可以查看其他動(dòng)物資料來(lái)找到需要配偶的動(dòng)物。