2020年高考英語-全國一卷

2020普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英 語第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié) （共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是C.1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a supermarket.B. In the post office.C. In the street2. What did Carl do?A. He designed a medal.B. He fixed a TV set.C. He took a test.3. What does the man do?A. Hes a tailor. B. Hes a waiter.C. Hes a shop assistant.4. When will the flight arrive?A. At18:20.B. At 18:35.C. At 18:50.5. How can the man improve his article?A. By deleting unnecessary words. B. By adding a couple of points.C. By correcting grammar mistakes. 第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題15分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5移鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6. What does Bill often do on Friday night?A.Visit his parents.B. Go to the movies.C. Walk along Broadway.7. Who watches musical plays most often?A.Bill.B. Sarah.C. Bills parents.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。 8. Why does David want to speak to Mike?A. To invite him to a party.B. To discuss a schedule.C. To call off a meeting.9. What do we know about the speakers?A. They are colleagues.B. They are close friends.C. Theyve never met before.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10. What kind of camera does the man want?A. A TV camera.B. A video camera.C. A movie camera.11. Which function is the man most interested in?A. Underwater filming.B. A large memory.C. Auto-focus.12. How much would the man pay for the second camera?A. 950 euros.B. 650 euros.C. 470 euros.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13. Who is Clifford?A. A little girl.B. The mans pet.C. A fictional character.14. Who suggested that Norman paint for childrens books?A. His wife.B. Elizabeth.C. A publisher.I5. What is Normans story based on?A. A book.B. A painting.C. A young woman.16. What is it that shocked Norman?A. His unexpected success.B. His efforts made in vain.C. His editors disagreement.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17. Who would like to make small talk according to the speaker?A. Relatives.B. Strangers.C. Visitors.18. Why do people have small talk?A. To express opinions.B. To avoid arguments.C. To show friendliness.19. Which of the following is a frequent topic in small talk?A. Politics.B. Movies.C. Salaries. 20. What does the speaker recommend at the end of his lecture?A. Asking open-ended questions.B. Feeling free to change topics.C. Making small talk interesting.第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié) (共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATrain InformationAll customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information, please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled, there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.Lost property (失物招領(lǐng)）Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services. The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30 am to 5:00 pm and is located(位于) at Roma Street station.Public holidaysOn public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days, i.e. Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable.Before travel please visit.au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.Customers using mobility devicesMany stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms. For assistance, please call Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.Guardian trains (outbound)DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42 pmAltandiVarsity Lakes7:37 pm7:29 pmCentralVarsity Lakes8:52 pm8:57 pmFortitude ValleyVarsity Lakes9:52 pm11:02 pmRoma StreetVarsity Lakes12:22 am21. What would you do to get ticket information?A. Call 13 16 17.B. Visit .au.C. Ask at the local station.D. Check the train schedule.22. At which station can you find the lost property office?A. Altandi.B. Roma Street.C. Varsity Lakes.D. Fortitude Valley.23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?A. 6:42 pm.B. 7:29 pm.C. 8:57 pm.D. 11:02 pm.BReturning to a book youve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend.Theres a welcome familiaritybut also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books dont change, people do. And thats what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on ourpresent mental register. Its true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But withreading, its all about the present. Its about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.There are three books I reread annually. The first, which I take to reading every spring, is Emest Hemingways A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, its his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating(令人陶醉的), an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillards Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble(隨筆) about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortzars Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because poetry. And because Cortzar.While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an authors work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, its you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.24. Why does the author like rereading?A. It evaluates the writer-reader relationship.B. Its a window to a whole new world.C. Its a substitute for drinking with a friend.D. It extends the understanding of oneself.25. What do we know about the book A Moveable Feast?A. Its a brief account of a trip.B. Its about Hemingways life as a young man.C. Its a record of a historic event.D. Its about Hemingways friends in Paris.26. What does the underlined word “currency” in paragraph 4 refer to?A. Debt.B. Reward.C. Allowance.D. Face value.27. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He loves poetry.B. Hes an editor.C. Hes very ambitious.D. He teaches reading.CRace walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sports rules require that a race walkers knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact(接觸) with the ground at all times. Its this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runners knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sports strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?A. They must run long distances.B. They are qualified for the marathon.C. They have to follow special rules.D. They are good at swinging their legs.29. What advantage does race walking have over running?A. Its more popular at the Olympics.B. Its less challenging physically.C. Its more effective in body building.D. Its less likely to cause knee injuries.30. What is Dr. Norbergs suggestion for someone trying race walking?A. Getting experts opinions.B. Having a medical checkup.C. Hiring an experienced coach.D. Doing regular exercises.31. Which word best describes the authors attitude to race walking?A. Skeptical.B. Objective.C. Tolerant.D. Conservative.DThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step furtherchanging the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. “Were thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,” explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT. One of his latest projects has been to make plants grow(發(fā)光) in experiments using some common vegetables. Stranos team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps. In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plants lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(電源)such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highwaya lot of energy is lost during transmission(傳輸). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. 32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. A new study of different plants.B. A big fall in crime rates.C. Employees from various workplaces.D. Benefits from green plants.33. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?A. To detect plants lack of water .B. To change compositions of plants. C. To make the life of plants longer.D. To test chemicals in plants.34. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A. They will speed up energy production.B. They may transmit electricity to the home.C. They might help reduce energy consumption. D. They could take the place of power plants.35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Can we grow more glowing plants? B. How do we live with glowing plants?C. Could glowing plants replace lamps? D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?第二節(jié) (共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。A Few Tips for Self-AcceptanceWe all want it . to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36 Heres a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction. 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world. Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 38 You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? “That didnt go as planned. But, I tried my best.” Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39 Now that youve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you dont feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?A. Feeling upset again?B. Where do you start?C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.D. Remember, you are only human.E Set an intention for self-acceptance.F. Stop comparing yourself with others.G. When does the comparison game start?第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié) 完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, theyll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting its 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.I hate lying to the kids. One day theyll 47 and discover that everything theyve always known about windows is a 48 .I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51 that the lie were telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical(比喻) meanings. Im telling them they cant open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity(機會) of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, “What if it isnt a door?” That is, “What if it isnt a 57 opportunity?”Maybe its an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldnt lie to my kids. I should just 59 repeatedly having to say, “No. We cant go outside now.” Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they wont 60 to open them and walk through.41. A. relief B. targetC. reasonD. case42. A. admitB. believeC meanD. realize43. A. graduallyB. constantlyC. temporarilyD. casually44. A. resultB. dangerC. methodD. truth45. A. merelyB. slightlyC. hardlyD. partly46. A. reviewingB. approvingC. receivingD. attempting47. A. win outB. give upC. wake upD. stand out48. A. dreamB. lie C. fantasyD. fact49. A. parentsB. twinsC. colleaguesD. teachers50. A. restrictionsB. explanationsC. differencesD. consequences51. A. demandB. fearC. desireD. doubt 52. A. physicalB. biologicalC. spiritualD. behavioral53. A traditionalB. importantC. doubleD. original54. A. lifeB. timeC. reply D. history55. A. by comparison with B. in addition toC. regardless ofD. instead of56. A. get hold ofB. stare atC. knock onD. make use of57. A realB. typicalC. similarD. limited58. A. safety ruleB. comfort zoneC. bottom lineD. top secret59. A. delayB. regretC. enjoyD. accept60. A. hurry B. decide C. hesitateD. intend第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Change-4 probe(探測器)the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moons far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (環(huán)形山), more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct).” Data about the moons composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié) 短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself. I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom told me how to preparing it. First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside. Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove. I waited patiently unless the oil was hot. Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together. “Not that way,” my mom tried to stop us but failed. She was right. It didnt tum out as I had wished. 第二節(jié) 書面表達（滿分25分）你校正在組織英語作文比賽。請以身邊值得尊敬和愛戴的人為題，寫一篇短文參賽，內(nèi)容包括：1. 人物簡介；2. 尊敬和愛戴的原因。注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；2. 短文題目和首句已為你寫好。2020年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國卷I）參考答案第二部分 閱讀理解 第一節(jié)21. C 22. B 23. B 24. D 25.B 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. A31.B 32. D 33.A 34. C 35. C第二節(jié)36. B 37. F 38. D 39. C 40. A第三部分 語言知識運用第一節(jié)41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D51.B 52. C 53. B 54.A 55. D 56. B 57. A 58.C 59. D 60. C第二節(jié)61. touched 62. extremely 63. where 64. interest 65. than66. to find 67. means 68. is constructed 69. much 70. its第四部分寫作第一節(jié)Today I tried cooking a dish myself. I like eating tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy to cook. My mom told me how to it. First I cut the tomatoes into pieces put them aside. Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with . After that I poured oil into a pan and turned the stove, I waited patiently the oil was hot. Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together. “Not that way,” my mom tried to stop but failed. She was right. It didnt tum out as I had wished.第二節(jié) 書面表達略