主謂一致 PPT

Please make the best choice! 一。整體原則1。表示時(shí)間，重量，長度，價(jià)格等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，作主語從整體來看時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例如： Fifty years not a long time. 1）.Ten thousand dollars _ quite a large sum. A. are B. is C.has D. have2）.Six times seven _ forty-two.A. are B. is C. have D. was 2 . 非謂語動(dòng)詞，從句或其他短語作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如： 1）.To get up early and to go to sleep early _ good for your health.A. is B. are C. was D. were由and連接兩個(gè)名詞，包括兩個(gè)不定式、兩個(gè)動(dòng)名詞作主語，若指同一件事或一個(gè)概念事，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 2). When and where to build the new factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decidedC. has not decoded D. have not decided當(dāng)when和where加不定式指的是同一件事時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 3). Playing football not only _ us grow up tall and strong but also _ us a sense of fair play and team spirit .A. make; give B .makes; gives C. makes; give D .make; gives 4) . When we will hold the meeting _ not decided yet .A. is B. are C. be D .was 語法一致的原則是指主語為單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞要與其相呼應(yīng)。但我們要注意一些特殊情況；1）以along with, together with, with, as well as, accompanied by, rather than, but, except 連接的兩個(gè)主語，其謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)以第一個(gè)主語為主。例如： 1. Nobody but Jane _ the secret.A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known2. I, rather than you, _ responsible for the accident.A am B are C has D have 3. A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift.A.is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered4. All but one _ here just now.A. is B. was C. has been D. were 5.Tom as well as two of his classmates _ invited to the party.A. was B. were C. have been D. had beenThe house, including the garden and the garage, was sold out. 6. No one except my parents _ anything about it. A. know B. knows C. is knowing D. have knownSeveral passengers, together with the driver, hurt. 1 。由not only but also, neithernor, eitheror, not but以及or連接的并列主語，謂語動(dòng)詞要與最靠近它的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。 3. 就近一致原則 1）Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.A. is B. are C. am D. be2）One or perhaps more pages _missing.A. is B. are C. has been D. have been Are you or he to drive ? Was she or you there ?3）Peter, perhaps John, _ playing with the little dog. A. seems B. were C. are D. is 4) _ he _ I finished the experiment?A. Have neither/nor B. Has neither/norC. Have neither/or D. Have either /or 5) - _ either he or I fit for the job? - Neither he nor you _ . A. Am; are B. Is; are C. Are; are D. Is; is Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you. guess 2在倒裝句中以及在There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中，如主語是并列的，謂語動(dòng)詞往往和其后面的第一個(gè)主語取得數(shù)上的一致。 1) On the wall _ famous paintings. A. have B. are C. is D. has2) There _ a lot of milk in the bottle.A. are B. is C. were D. has 1并列主語如果指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，這時(shí) and 后面的名詞前沒有冠詞。 意義一致： 1）Both the secretary and the manager_ agreed to attend the meeting.A. has B. have C. are D. is 2）The secretary and manager _ very busy now.A. is B. are C.has been D. were 2陳述部分用everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, no one或 no +復(fù)數(shù)名詞等作主語時(shí)，反意部分用they。而陳述部分用everything, something, nothing, anything時(shí)，反意部分代詞則采用單數(shù)，用it。 3 主語是以-ics 結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞以及news , works (工廠)等都屬形式復(fù)數(shù)，而意義單數(shù)的名詞，其謂語用單數(shù)形式。另外means一詞單復(fù)數(shù)同形應(yīng)視具體情況而定。 1)Every means _ been tried since then.A. has B. were C. was D. has been注：學(xué)科名詞前如有物主代詞修飾時(shí)，謂語常用復(fù)數(shù)。 2) All means _ been used .A. has B. was C. have D. be 4the +形容詞或分詞作主語時(shí)，如指一類人。其謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，如指抽象概念，其謂語用單數(shù)。如： The old _ well looked after by the government in China.A. is B. are C. has been D. was 5 .主語是family, team, group, crowd, class, committee等集合名詞時(shí)，如果作為一個(gè)整體看待，謂語用單數(shù)形式，如指的是全體人員時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。 類似這樣的集體名詞有： family, class, audience, committee （委員會(huì)）, crowd, crew, group, party, population, team, public, council （理事會(huì)）, village等。The population of the earth increasing very fast. 1) He said that his family _ all very well.A. are B. were C. is D. was 2) The population of the city _ increasing fast.A. were B. be C. is D. are 3) The United States _ made up of 50 states, one of which _Kentucky.A. is / are B. is / is C. are / is D. are /are4) Zhangs family _ rather big, with twelve people in all.A. is B. are C. being D. was 5) Now the police _ searching the town for the lost child.A. was B. were C. is D. are.6)The police _ the black in winter.A. wears B. wear C. put on D. puts on 主語 people 作“人們，人民”解時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，作“民族”解時(shí)，有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。(police , cattle , public ) 6主語是疑問代詞who, what, which,不定代詞all, more, most, any, none等以及名詞half, part, the rest等既可表示復(fù)數(shù)意義又可表示單數(shù)意義，其謂語視情況而定。 The rest of his journey was pleasant.The rest of the girls are fond of music.All of your work is well done.All of your answers are correct. 1) Most of his spare time _spent in reading.A. are B. were C. was D. have been2) Where _ that five pounds I lent you? A. is B. have C. was D. were 3) Two of them will go first, the rest _ to stay.A. is B. are C. used D. has4) It is not I who _ wrong.A. is B. are C. am D. has been 2“的幾分之幾”和“的百分之幾” 作主語時(shí)，其謂語用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)取決于 of 后的名詞。 70 percent of the surface is covered with water.70 percent of the farmers have improved their living conditions. 1) One third of the population here _ workers.A. is B. have C. be D.are2) About 20 percent of the work _ done yesterday.A. are B. is C. were D. was 8“one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + 定語從句”之前有the only, the very, the等限定詞和修飾語時(shí)，定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 1) John is the only one of the students in our class who _ to school on foot.A. go B. goes C. have gone D. are going2) He was the one of the students who _ praised at the meeting.A. was B. were C. is D. are 注意：1 . one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+（單）謂語，如： One of the students is from the south.2 . one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句（從句動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)），如：He is one of the boys who are ready to help others. 3. the (only) one of+名詞（復(fù)數(shù)）+定語從句，從句中謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，表示眾多中只有一個(gè)，如： He is the only one of the students who comes early. 1）如果主語是由and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，但前面有each, every, no 等詞修飾時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)。例如： 語法一致 ： Both rice and wheat _ grown in that country. A. is B. are C. was D. has Every boy and girl in this region taught to read and write.Each doctor and each nurse was sent for. 1). During the holidays every train and ship _ crowded.A. are B. were C. was D. has2）No teacher and no student _ admitted in here.A. are B. were C. is D. has 2由 many a 或 more than + 單數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，其謂語用單數(shù)形式。 1) More than one person here _ with the disease.A. has been infected B. have been infectedC. has been infecting D. have been infecting 2) Many a student _ that mistake before. A. had made B. has been made C. have made D. has made 3主語是一些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，如clothes, trousers, glasses, compasses, scissors, shoes, socks, gloves等時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。但這類表示成雙的東西的名詞前有a pair of修飾時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)。 This pair of shoes _ made in our factory.A. is B. are C. have beenD. had been 4“a number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)； “ the number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。 2) The number of students that you have met _ the life of the team.A. are B. is C. were D. be1) A number of students _ from the south.A. are B. is C. have D. has 成對(duì)的名詞，如bread and butter涂黃油的面包，soda and water汽水，coffee and milk加牛奶的咖啡，aim and end目的，salt and water鹽開水等，雖然有and連接，但仍表單一概念，作主語時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)。 特殊知識(shí)點(diǎn) 2在定語從句中主語是關(guān)系代詞who, that, which,謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞的數(shù)一致。 It is not I who _ wrong.A. is B. are C. am D. has beenHe, who _ your good friend, will share your joys and sorrows.A. was B. are C. is D. am 3主語是用作書名、劇名、報(bào)紙名、國名等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語一般用單數(shù)形式。 1）The Arabian Nights _ well known to English lovers. A. is being B. are C. were D. is2）The United States _ founded in 1776. A. was B. is C. were D. are 4主語是表示數(shù)量的“one and a half +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，其謂語用單數(shù)形式。主語是“one or two + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，其謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 1）One and a half apples _ on the table.A. is leaving B. is left C. are left D. left2）One or perhaps more pages _ missing.A. is B. are C. has been D. have been 5主語是“each of ”，“neither of ”，“either of ”，“one of ”等時(shí)，其謂語用單數(shù)。 6 用引號(hào)的詞語作主語時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)第三人稱。 I _ the ninth letter of the English Alphaber.A. are B. be C. is D. am 7。在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中如被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子的主語，則who或that 后面的謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)應(yīng)和主語一致。 8。wish后接賓語從句用虛擬語氣，如表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，無論主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用were。 9。youth作“青年們”解作主語時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。 10。主語是a / this / that kind of +名詞，謂語用單數(shù)形式，主語指的不是一種而是多種，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。