四川省綿陽(yáng)市2019中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 第二篇 語(yǔ)法突破篇 語(yǔ)法專題14 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句課件.ppt

綿陽(yáng)專版 PART TWO第二篇 語(yǔ)法突破篇語(yǔ)法專題（十四）賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句 【中考考點(diǎn)】(1)賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)序及引導(dǎo)詞。(2)賓語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)化形式。(3)狀語(yǔ)從句中連詞的選擇和時(shí)態(tài)。(4)關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的基本用法。(5)關(guān)系代詞的特殊用法。 1.在that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中, 若是陳述句作賓語(yǔ), that可以省略。The radio says (that) it will rain tomorrow.收音機(jī)報(bào)道說(shuō)明天要下雨。2.連接代詞which, what, who等或連接副詞how, where, why, when等引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí), 從句改用陳述語(yǔ)序。Could you tell me to you? 你能告訴我他跟你說(shuō)了些什么嗎? 賓語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)一引導(dǎo)詞 what he said 3.whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從句改用陳述語(yǔ)序。I wonder you have told the news to Li Lei. 我想知道你是否已經(jīng)告訴李雷這個(gè)消息了?！咀⒁狻?下列幾種情況通常只用whether不用if:(1)具有選擇意義且又有or或or not,尤其是直接與or not連用時(shí),往往用whether;(2)介詞之后用whether;(3)不定式前用whether。if/whether 考點(diǎn)二時(shí)態(tài)1.當(dāng)主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí), 賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。I remember he me a book yesterday. 我記得他昨天給了我一本書(shū)。He has told me that he for New York tomorrow. 他已經(jīng)告訴我明天他就動(dòng)身去紐約了。2.當(dāng)主句為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí), 從句要用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。We asked what Jean was doing then.我們問(wèn)瓊那時(shí)正在做什么。3.當(dāng)從句表述的是客觀真理或普遍規(guī)律時(shí), 賓語(yǔ)從句要使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Lisa asked whether light faster than sound. 莉薩問(wèn)光的傳播速度是否比聲音快。 gave will leavetravels/goes 考點(diǎn)三語(yǔ)序1.陳述句改為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí), 語(yǔ)序不變。He is a good child. the teacher said.The teacher said (that) he was a good child.老師說(shuō)他是個(gè)好孩子。2.一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句改為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí), 語(yǔ)序改為陳述語(yǔ)序。Does he work hard?I wonder.I wonder if/whether .我想知道他工作是否努力。 When did he leave?I dont know.I dont know when he left.我不知道他是什么時(shí)候離開(kāi)的。 he works hard 【注意】 賓語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)化當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同,且主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know, remember, forget, learn等時(shí),從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。I dont know what I should say.I dont know what. 我不知道要說(shuō)什么。 to say 狀語(yǔ)從句1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞有when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, notuntil, as soon as等。When he comes back, Ill give you a call.他回來(lái)時(shí),我會(huì)給你打電話的。They didnt stop until they finished the work.他們直到完成工作才停下來(lái)。Ill ring you as soon as I reach Beijing.我一到北京就給你打電話。2.原因狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞有because, since, as等。I didnt go, because I was afraid.我沒(méi)去,因?yàn)槲液ε隆?Since you are free today, youd better take a good rest. 既然你今天有空,你最好好好休息?？键c(diǎn)一狀語(yǔ)從句的分類 3.條件狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞有if, unless, as long as等。If it rains, Ill go by car. 如果下雨,我就乘小汽車去。You cannot succeed unless you work hard.如果你不努力學(xué)習(xí),你是不會(huì)成功的。4.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞有sothat, suchthat等。It was raining so hard that we couldnt see the road.雨下得如此大,以至于我們看不見(jiàn)路。5.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞有though, even though/if, although, “no matter+疑問(wèn)詞”等。Even though/if you say so, I do not believe it.即使你這么說(shuō),我也不信。 6.目的狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞有so that, in order that等。I need to get up early so that I can catch the early bus. 我需要早起,以便我能趕上早班車。7.方式狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞有as if/though, as等。The child talked to us as if he were a grown-up.那個(gè)孩子跟我們談起話來(lái)像個(gè)成年人似的。8.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞有where, wherever等。Wherever he goes, he always brings his pet dog.無(wú)論他去哪里,他總是帶著他的寵物狗。9.比較狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞有than, asas, not as/soas等。 Carol speaks English as well as you do.卡羅爾英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得和你一樣好。 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,主句和從句之間的時(shí)態(tài)一致問(wèn)題一般分為下列三種情況:1.主現(xiàn)從現(xiàn): 若主句是祈使句或主句中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),那么從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。Be careful when you cross the road. 過(guò)馬路時(shí)要小心。The traffic must stop when the lights . 當(dāng)紅燈亮?xí)r,車輛必須停下來(lái)。2.主將從現(xiàn): 主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí),而從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。I will visit my good friend when I time. 當(dāng)我有空時(shí),我將去看望我的好友。If she here tomorrow, I will go to the park with her. 如果明天她來(lái)這里,我將和她一起去公園。3.過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài): 若主從句都是在敘述過(guò)去的事情,則主從句可以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。My mother was cooking when I got home yesterday. 昨天我到家時(shí),我媽媽正在做飯。考點(diǎn)二主句與從句時(shí)態(tài)一致的問(wèn)題turn/are redhavecomes I dont know if(是否) he will come.If(如果) he comes, I will tell him about the accident. 我不知道他是否會(huì)來(lái)。如果他來(lái)的話,我將告訴他這起事故。I dont know when(什么時(shí)候) he will come tomorrow. When(當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候) he comes, I will tell him about the news.我不知道他明天什么時(shí)候來(lái)。當(dāng)他來(lái)時(shí),我將告訴他這則消息。考點(diǎn)三賓語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句同時(shí)出現(xiàn) 定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有who(whose, whom), which, that?？键c(diǎn)一關(guān)系代詞的基本用法作主語(yǔ) 作賓語(yǔ) 作定語(yǔ)指人 who/that who/whom/that whose指物 which/that which/that whose 考點(diǎn)二關(guān)系代詞的特殊用法一般情況下,that既可指人又可指物,可以代替who, whom和which。1.下列情況只能用that(1)先行詞為不定代詞all, few, little, much, every-thing, nothing 等時(shí)。All (that) you have to do is to practise every day.你要做的就是每天練習(xí)。There isnt much (that) I can do.我能做的不多。(2)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。The first lesson (that) I learned will never be forgotten. 我將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我上的第一堂課。 This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.這是我曾經(jīng)看過(guò)的最好的一部電影。 (3)先行詞被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等不定代詞修飾時(shí)。I have read all the books (that) you gave me.我已經(jīng)讀完了你給我的所有的書(shū)。(4)先行詞被the only, the very, the last, the same 等修飾時(shí)。The white flower is the only one (that) I really like.這朵白花是我唯一真正喜歡的。This is the very book I want to read. 這就是我想看的那本書(shū)。(5)當(dāng)主句是以who或 which 開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)。Who is the man that is standing over there?站在那邊的那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)?Which of us that know something about physics doesnt know this?在我們懂點(diǎn)物理的人當(dāng)中有誰(shuí)不知道這個(gè)?that (6)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。We talked about the persons and the things we could remember. 我們談?wù)摿宋覀兯苡浀玫娜撕褪隆?7)time作先行詞且前面有序數(shù)詞或 last 修飾時(shí), 定語(yǔ)從句用 that 來(lái)引導(dǎo)(that可省略);沒(méi)有序數(shù)詞或 last 修飾時(shí), 既可用 when 也可用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)。This is the last time (that) I shall give you a lesson.這是我最后一次給你們上課了。The first time (that) I saw him was in 2016.我第一次見(jiàn)到他是在2016年。 that 2.下列情況只能用which(1) 關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí), 用“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)。This is the book foryou ask. 這是你要的那本書(shū)。(2)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),只能用which。This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 這本我已經(jīng)讀了三遍的小說(shuō)很感人。which 考點(diǎn)三關(guān)系副詞的用法1.when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾表示時(shí)間的先行詞。I still remember the day I first came to Beijing. 我仍然記得第一次來(lái)北京的那一天。2.where 在句中作狀語(yǔ),表示地點(diǎn)。This is the factory I worked two years ago.這就是我兩年前工作的那家工廠。 3.why在句中作狀語(yǔ),表示原因。I know the reason he came late. 我知道他來(lái)晚的原因。 whenwherewhy 考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)訓(xùn)練.用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空1.Milk quickly goes bad its put in the fridge. 2.Do you know the girl in white is? Im not sure. Maybe she is a doctor.3.I think the man is painting over there might be our art teacher. 4.Does anyone know the famous scientist was born? I know! In New York.5.Is there anyone name is Betty? Sorry, I dont know.6.Could you tell me you will travel to London? Sure.Next month.7.Molly didnt have dinner she finished doing homework. 8. we were very tired, we felt happy. unlesswhatwho/thatwherewhosewhenuntilThough/Although 考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)訓(xùn)練.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子9.朗讀者是我看過(guò)的最好的電視節(jié)目。The TV program called Readers is the best program ever watched. 10.我確信他會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)。 I am sure . 11.每天,他都早起,以便能趕上第一班車。Every day, he gets up early he can catch the first bus. 12.我不知道他們住在哪兒。I didnt know . 13.科學(xué)家說(shuō)地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。Scientists said . that I havehe will arrive on timeso thatwhere they livedthat the earth moves/goes around the sun 考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)訓(xùn)練.句型轉(zhuǎn)換14.Do you have a toy car? Jack asked his brother.(改為賓語(yǔ)從句)Jack asked his brother he a toy car. 15.Jenny was too excited to express herself clearly.(改為復(fù)合句)Jenny was excited she couldnt express herself clearly. 16.Lets discuss how we shall go to the Sea World. (改為同義句)Lets discuss go to the Sea World. 17.“Whose schoolbag is on the desk?” Father asked.(改為復(fù)合句)Father asked schoolbag on the desk. if/whether hadso thathow to whose was