2019-2020年高考英語總復習真題研練Week2Monday含解析.doc

2019-2020年高考英語總復習真題研練Week2Monday含解析Task 1：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。(xx·江蘇，C)El Niño，a Spanish term for “the Christ child，” was named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern，which happens every two to seven years，reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas.El Niño sees warm water，collected over several years in the western Pacific，flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken，or sometimes the other way round.The weather effects both good and bad，are felt in many places.Rich countries gain more from powerful Niños，on balance，than they lose.A study found that a strong Niño in 199798 helped Americas economy grow by $15 billion，partly because of better agricultural harvests：farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain.The total rise in agricultural ines in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones.But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames.A multiyear drought (干旱) in southeast Brazil is being worse.Though heavy rains brought about by El Niño may relieve the drought in California，they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.The most recent powerful Niño，in 199798，killed around 21，000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe.But such Niños e with months of warning，and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare.According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI)，however，just 12% of disasterrelief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance，rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards.This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on riskreduction saves at least two on reconstruction.Simple improvements to infrastructure (基礎設施) can reduce the spread of disease.Better sewers (下水道) make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach.Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods.According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and coauthors，civil conflict is related to El Niños harmful effectsand the poorer the country，the stronger the link.Though the relationship may not be causal，helping divided munities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people.Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Niño，reducing their losses needs to be the priority.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象名字的得來、影響、危害等相關情況，希望人們對厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生做好充分的準備，以減少損失。1What can we learn about El Niño in Paragraph 1?AIt is named after a South American fisherman.BIt takes place almost every year all over the world.CIt forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.DIt sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.答案D細節(jié)判斷題。根據第一段中的El Niño sees warm water，collected over several years in the western Pacific，flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken，or sometimes the other way round可知，在海洋厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象引起水流方向的改變。2What may El Niños bring about to the countries affected?AAgricultural harvests in rich countries fall.BDroughts bee more harmful than floods.CRich countries gains are greater than their losses.DPoor countries suffer less from droughts economically.答案C事實細節(jié)題。根據第二段中的Rich countries gain more from powerful Niños，on balance，than they lose.可知，富裕國家的收獲要比損失大。3The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that _Amore investment should go to risk reductionBgovernments of poor countries need more aidCvictims of El Niño deserve more pensationDrecovery and reconstruction should e first答案A推理判斷題。根據第四段中的however，just 12% of disasterrelief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance可判斷出，應該加大投資以降低厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象造成的損失。4What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?ATo introduce El Niño and its origin.BTo explain the consequences of El Niño.CTo show ways of fighting against El Niño.DTo urge people to prepare for El Niño.答案D目的意圖題。根據文章內容，特別是最后一段中的helping divided munities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk.可判斷出，作者寫這篇文章的目的是督促人們?yōu)槎驙柲嶂Z現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生做好準備。Task 2：詞匯積累1normally adv.正常地2the other way round相反3bring about引起，導致4disaster n災難5in advance提前6recovery n恢復7reconstruction n重建8make up for補償9priority n優(yōu)先權Task 3：攻克長難句El Niño，a Spanish term for“the Christ child，”was named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern，which happens every two to seven years，reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas.分析：El Niño was named by South American fishermen是主句；a Spanish term for“the Christ child”作同位語，對El Niño作進一步的解釋；在who引導的定語從句中，又包含定語從句which happens every two to seven years，修飾the global weather pattern。