中考英語 第二輪 語法專題聚焦 專題七 形容詞和副詞課件.ppt

專題七 形容詞和副詞,山西專用,考點一 形容詞 1作定語 修飾名詞時，一般放在名詞的前面。如： He lives in a beautiful house.他住在一座漂亮的房子里。 修飾復合不定代詞時，必須后置。如： I have something important to tell you.我有一些重要的事情要告訴你。 else修飾疑問代詞和復合不定代詞時，只能后置。如： Would you like something else？你還要別的東西嗎？ enough修飾名詞時，既可前置，也可后置。如： We have enough time to finish the work.我們有足夠的時間來完成這項工作。 He ran fast enough to catch the bus.他跑得很快，足夠趕上公共汽車了。,多個形容詞修飾名詞時，其順序為： 限定詞(冠詞/指示代詞/形容詞性物主代詞/數詞)表示觀點的描繪性形容詞表示大小、長短、高低的形容詞表示形狀的形容詞表示年齡、新舊的形容詞表示顏色的形容詞表示國籍地區(qū)出處的形容詞表示物質、材料的形容詞表示類別的形容詞(或名詞)中心詞。如： two round blue plastic plates兩個圓形的藍色塑料盤子 two big round new Chinese wooden chairs兩張圓形的新的中式木質椅子 【口訣】限定描繪大長高，形狀年齡和新老，顏色國際跟材料，作用類別往后靠。,2作表語 形容詞經常放在系動詞后面作表語，初中階段常見的跟形容詞作表語的動詞有：be，look，sound，smell，taste，feel，seem，get，become，turn等。如： The milk smells terrible.牛奶聞起來很難聞。 有些形容詞只能作表語，如：afraid害怕的，alike相像的，alone孤獨的，asleep睡著的，awake醒著的，alive活著的，ill生病的等。如： She cleaned the room while her baby was asleep.她在孩子睡著時打掃了房間。,3作賓語補足語 形容詞放在賓語之后，進一步補充說明賓語，作賓語補足語。如： I felt it easy to learn English well.我發(fā)現學好英語是很容易的。 4特殊句型 It isadj.of sb.不定式 表示某人做某事怎么樣。of sb.句型中的形容詞一般表示性格和品德，如：good，kind，nice，clever，polite等。 It is adj.for sb.不定式 表示對某人來說做某事怎么樣。for sb.句型中的形容詞一般要表示事物的特征。如：interesting，easy，useful，dangerous，safe等。,1There isn't much traffic near his house.He lives in a _neighborhood. Aquiet Bnoisy Cdirty 2Can you tell the differences between these two pictures? Differences？Oh，no.They look quite Adifferent Bsimilar Cstrange 3What was Jim wearing at the party? Nothing _He was in his usual shirt and jeans. Asimple Bspecial Cimportant 4It's _to listen to light music when you feel tired. Adangerous Bscary Crelaxing 5My family and I had a(an) _trip in Taiwan because of the typhoon and rainstorm. Asuitable Bunpleasant Ccomfortable,A,B,B,C,B,考點二 副詞 1副詞的作用 副詞是表示行為特征或性狀特征的詞。主要用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句。在句中主要用作狀語，也可用作表語或賓語補足語，有時還可以作定語。如： Sometimes we're very busy.有時候我們非常忙。 I met an old friend on my way home.我在回家的路上遇到一個老朋友。,2副詞的構成,【注意】 有些以ly結尾的詞是形容詞而非副詞。如：lovely可愛的，lively有生氣的，friendly友好的，lonely孤獨的，daily日常的，likely有希望的等。 有些副詞有兩種形式，其中一種形式與形容詞相同，另一種形式是在形容詞后加­ly，意義有區(qū)別。常見的有：,3.副詞的分類和位置 方式副詞(放在不及物動詞之后或及物動詞之前),時間副詞(一般放在句尾),頻度副詞(行為動詞之前或助動詞、情態(tài)動詞及be動詞之后),程度副詞(被修飾的形容詞或副詞前，情態(tài)動詞或助動詞之后。enough修飾形容詞或副詞時須后置),疑問副詞(通常置于句首),4.部分常用副詞的用法 too，either，also這三個副詞都表示“也”，但too用于肯定句末，either用于否定句末，also放在句中或句首。如：She can dance，and I can dance，too. I haven't read the book and my brother hasn't either. They have also been to Disneyland. already，yet 一般情況下already多用于肯定句，而yet一般用于否定句和疑問句。如：He has already left. Have you heard from him yet？He hasn't answered yet. so，neither 這兩個副詞都可用于倒裝句， 但so表示肯定，neither表示否定。如：Mike likes football and so do I. My brother doesn't like dancing and neither do I.,1The sun is shining _You'd better wear sunglasses while you are out. Abrightly Blightly Cheavily 2The city of Harbin is beautiful all the year around， _in winter.Ice lanterns decorate streets and attract plenty of tourists. Aespecially Bgenerally Cprobably 3I don't think fast food is good for our health，so I _ eat it. Ausually Bhardly Calways 4What sweet music! So it is.Soft music usually makes us _ Aupset Brelaxed Cnervous 5Don't you know me？I'm Lucy，your cousin. I'm really sorry.I can't see _ without glasses. A. nearly B. quickly C. clearly,A,A,B,B,C,考點三 形容詞和副詞的比較等級 1形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級的構成 規(guī)則變化,不規(guī)則變化,下列單、雙音節(jié)詞只能加more和most,2.形容詞、副詞等級的用法 (1)原級的用法 由表示程度的副詞：very，quite，so，too，rather，enough，quite等修飾時，一般用形容詞原級。如：He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再繼續(xù)走了。 as.as. 和一樣(中間用原級) not as(so)as和不一樣(中間用原級) 如：Tom is as old as Kate.湯姆和凱特年齡一樣大。 Tom is twice as old as Kate.湯姆的年齡是凱特的兩倍。 This room is not so/as big as that one.這個房間不如那個大。,(2)比較級的用法 由表示程度的副詞：much，a lot，far，a little，a bit，a few，rather，any，even，still等修飾時，用形容詞或副詞的比較級。 .than. 比 如： Tom is taller than Kate.湯姆比凱特高。 選擇疑問句中，二選一時 如： Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一個更大，地球還是月球？ 用比較級表示最高級的意思 如： The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.在中國，長江比其他任何一條河都長。 “比較級and比較級”表示“越來越” 如： He is getting taller and taller.他長得越來越高了。 The flowers are more and more beautiful.花兒越來越漂亮了。,“the比較級，the比較級”表示“越，就越” 如： The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you'll make.你越認真，犯的錯誤就越少。 在比較級中為了避免重復，在than后常用one，that，those等詞來替代前面提到過的名詞。如： The weather here is warmer than that in Shanghai.這里的天氣比上海的暖和。 表示倍數的比較。如： This room is three times bigger than that one.這個房間比那個大三倍。,(3)最高級的用法 形容詞最高級前一定要用the，副詞最高級前可省略the。形容詞最高級前面可以有物主代詞、指示代詞，名詞所有格等修飾，但此時不能再加定冠詞。如： She is my best friend.她是我最好的朋友。 有范圍(in，of，among或從句等)修飾的用最高級。如： Winter is the coldest season of the year.冬季是一年里最冷的季節(jié)。 This is the best film that I have ever seen.這是我所看過的電影當中最好看的一部。 “主語beone of the形容詞最高級復數名詞in/of短語”表示“是中最之一”。如： Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中國最大的城市之一。,選擇疑問句中用于三者或三者以上的比較。如： Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？哪一個國家最大，中國，巴西還是加拿大？ Which season do you like (the) best，spring，summer or autumn？你最喜歡哪一個季節(jié)，春天，夏天還是秋天？ 表示“第幾個最”時，用“the序數詞最高級名詞單數”的結構。如： The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黃河是中國的第二長河。,1Mum，could you buy me a phone like Apple 5 if I pass the exam? Of course，we can buy _one than that，but it. Aa better; better than Ba popular; as good as Ca cheaper; as good as 2How do you usually go to work? On foot.Walking is much _ than driving during the heavy traffic time. Afast Bfaster Cfastest 3I think Bob is the suitable person to take the job because he can do the work well with _ money and people. Aless; fewer Bless；more Cmore；fewer 4I'm sorry I'm late.I should get here 10 minutes _ Aearlier Bthe earlier Cthe earliest 5Is Lily's home _ away from school than Linda's? Yes，it is.Lily lives two miles away but Linda lives nearby. Afar Bfarther Cfarthest,C,B,A,A,B,6What do you think of the movie? Not bad.It's much _ than I expected. Agood Bbetter Cbest 7I know you are shorter than your brothers，but you run _ Amore faster Bfastest Cmore fast 8Dad，would you please drive _？ No hurry.We have enough time before the plane takes off. Afaster Bmore slowly Cmore carefully 9Which season do you like _，summer or winter? Summer. Awell Bbest Cbetter 10Ted was hard­working.His success made him work _ Aharder Bhardest Cmore quickly,B,A,C,A,B,