初一英語時態(tài)講解.doc

課時一：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時用法：1,表示說話時正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作。 Please don't make so much noise. I'm writing a composition. 不要吵鬧。我正在寫作文。 Let's set off. It isnt raining now. 咱們出發(fā)吧?，F(xiàn)在不下雨了。 這類情況常與now現(xiàn)在，at the present現(xiàn)在，at the moment現(xiàn)在，today今天，this week這個星期，this year今年等時間狀語連用。有時通過上下文可以判斷出應(yīng)采用何種時態(tài)，如： It's four o'clock in the afternoon. The children are playing football on the sports ground. 現(xiàn)在是下午四點。孩子們在操場上踢足球。 Hurry up! We are all waiting for you. 快點！我們大家都等著你。 Look! They are reading over there under the tree. 看！他們在那邊的樹底下看書。 Listen! She is singing in the room. 聽！她在房間里唱歌。 Where is Kate? She is reading in the room. 凱特在哪里？她在房間里看書。 Why are you crying? Is something wrong? 為什么哭呢？有什么不對？2,表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行而說話時不一定在進(jìn)行的動作。 We are working in a factory these days. 這幾天我們在一家工廠工作。 They are compiling a dictionary. 他們在編一本詞典。 這類情況常與today今天，this week這個星期，this evening今天晚上，these days現(xiàn)在、目前等時間狀語連用。3,在口語中表示主語計劃將要作的動作。 They are leaving for New York tomorrow. 明天他們將要動身前往紐約。 Is your brother departing soon? 你的兄弟很快就要啟程嗎？ 這類情況常與come來，go去， leave離開，depart離開，arrive到達(dá)，stay逗留，start開始等動詞連用。所用的動詞必須是動作而不是狀態(tài)，主語必須是人。4,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時與always等副詞連用時帶有感情色彩。 He's always quarrelling with others. 他老喜歡跟別人吵架。 She is constantly worrying about her son's health. 她不停地為她兒子的健康擔(dān)心著。 The boy is forever asking questions. 那個男孩老是問問題。 這類情況常與always總是，usually通常，continually不斷的，constantly經(jīng)常的，forever永遠(yuǎn)、老是等副詞連用。5,有的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時句子和一般現(xiàn)在時同義。用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示問者的關(guān)切心情。 How are you feeling today? （How do you feel today?）你今天感覺如何？ I am looking （look）forward to your next visit. 我盼望你下次再來。 Why are you looking（do you look）so sad? 為什么你看起來這么愁眉苦臉的樣子呢？6,有的動詞用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示“逐漸”的含義。此種用法除了偶爾和now連用外，一般不和其他時間副詞連用的。 Our study is becoming more interesting. 我們的學(xué)習(xí)變得越來越有趣了。 The leaves are turning red. 樹葉漸漸地變紅了。 The war is ending. 戰(zhàn)爭接近尾聲了。 Wait a moment; I am finishing my supper. 等一會兒，我的晚飯就要吃完了。 適合于此種用法的動詞有：bet/grow/become/turn/run/go變成，begin開始，forget忘記，remember記得，die死，finish完成，find發(fā)現(xiàn)，rise增強(qiáng)等.7,“be”動詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時?！癰e”動詞用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示說話者認(rèn)為是短暫的、和平常不一樣的、甚至是偽裝的。 He is being foolish. 他在裝傻。 He is being honest. 他表現(xiàn)得特別老實。 She is being rude. 她故意表現(xiàn)粗魯。 I can't understand why he is being so selfish.我不明白此時他為何如此自私。 適合于此種用法的有：foolish愚蠢的，nice好的，kind好心的，careful細(xì)心的，patient耐心的，lazy懶惰的，silly傻的，rude粗魯?shù)?，polite禮貌的，impolite無禮的等表示人的特性、性格的形容詞。（“be”動詞用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示人的行為，純粹表示心理或生理的狀態(tài)而不帶有行動時或主語不是人時，“be”動詞不能用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時）如： I am happy.（表語是純粹的心理狀態(tài)，不可用am being） 我很快樂。 He's tired.（表語是純粹的生理狀態(tài)，不可用is being） 他很疲倦。 It's hot today.（主語不是人，不可用is being） 今天很熱。 常和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時連用的時間狀語用法實例： (1)當(dāng)句子中有now時，常表示動作正在進(jìn)行，這時要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。如：They are playing basketball now.現(xiàn)在他們正在打籃球。(2)以look, listen開頭的句子，提示我們動作正進(jìn)行，這時要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。如：Listen！She is singing an English song.聽，她正在唱英語歌。(3)表示當(dāng)前一段時間或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作，且此時有this week, these days等時間狀語，這時常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。如： We are making model planes these days.這些天我們在做飛機(jī)模型。 (4)描述圖片中的人物的動作，也為了表達(dá)更生動。此時也常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。如：Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看這幅圖，那些孩子正在公園放風(fēng)箏。一般結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句式：主語+be( am, is, are)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它.否定句式：主語+be(am, is, are) +not +現(xiàn)在分詞+其它. 一般疑問句：Be(am, is, are) +主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它？ 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+be(am, is, are)+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它？對一般疑問句作答，肯定回答：yes,主語+be,否定回答：no,主語+be not對現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的特殊疑問句的回答，它不可以用Yes或No直接作答，要根據(jù)實際情況回答。Eg：They are working these days. He is buying a bike. They arent working these days. He isnt buying a bike.Are they working these days? Is he buying a bike?What are they doing these days? What is he doing ?現(xiàn)在分詞的變法有1、一般在動詞詞尾加上-ing Jumpjumping gogoing playplaying 2、以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動詞，先去e，再加-ing. Taketakeing leaveleaving writewriting havehaving3、.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母的詞，它前面是單個元音字母時要先將詞尾的輔音字母雙寫，再加上-ing.Cutcutting putputting stopstopping fitfitting beginbeginning forgetforgetting4.以ie結(jié)尾的詞，將ie變?yōu)閥再加ingLielying 練習(xí)：1、 Look! He _their mother do the housework.A. is helping B. are help C. is help D.is helpping2 、_are the boys doing ? They are singing in the room.A .Who B .How C.What D.Where3、 Dont talk here. My mother _.A. is sleeping B .are sleeping C. sleeping D .sleep4 、Danny _. Dont call him.A. is writeing B .is writing C.writing D .writes5 、When_he_back? Sorry, I dont know.A. does,come B.are coming C.is come D.is coming6、 Its ten oclock. My mother _(lie)in bed.7、 What_he _(mend)?8、 We _(play)games now.9、 What _you_(do) thesse days?10、 _he _(clean) the classroom?11、 Who_(sing)in the next room?12、The girl_(like)wearing a sweater. Look! She _(wear)a red sweater today.注意：常見錯誤：丟掉be動詞或忘記把動詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞例：1、 Look,two children flying.(fly) a kite in the park.2 、Li Mingisnt read ( not read) a book in bed now. 答案：1 are flying 2 isnt reading解析:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時肯定句的結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)律為: “be+現(xiàn)在分詞,缺一不可”。這一點必須牢記。對動詞或動詞詞組提問時丟掉doing例：1 、The students are singing in the room.(對劃線部分提問) What are the students in the room?（錯）答案：What are the students doing in the room?解析:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)中對動作提問可記住此句式“What +be +主語+doing+其它?”現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)的選擇疑問句中易忽視or后用現(xiàn)在分詞形式例：孩子們在跑還是在跳？Are the children running or jump?（錯） 答案：Are the children running or jumping?解析: or連接的是兩個并列成分，動詞形式須一致。課時二 一般將來時 一般將來時表示在將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。 一 . 一般將來時的構(gòu)成： 1. 由助動詞“ shall/ will 動詞原形”構(gòu)成， shall 用于第一人稱， will 用于第二、第三人稱，而美式英語在陳述句中無論什么人稱，一律用 will 。 2. 一般將來時的否定和疑問形式： 一般將來時的否定形式是 will not ，縮寫為 won't; shall not ，縮寫為 shan't 。 一般將來時的疑問形式是把 will/ shall 提到主語前。如： He wont go to the park this Sunday. 本周日他不去公園。 Will you go swimming with me? 和我一起去游泳好嗎？ 二 . 一般將來時的基本用法： 1. 表示“純粹的將來”： 表示將要發(fā)生的動作或情況，常帶有表示將來的時間狀語，如 tomorrow, next week, in two days, from now on 等。如： It will be fine tomorrow. 明天天氣晴朗。 表示預(yù)料將要發(fā)生的動作或情況。如： You will feel better after having this medicine. 吃了這藥，你就會感覺好些的。 表示由于習(xí)慣傾向而會經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作，本用法中的 will 要重讀。如： Boys will be boys. 諺語男孩畢竟是男孩。 2. 表示“帶有情態(tài)意義的將來”，用來表示意圖，用 will 來表示。如： I will be more careful next time. 下次我要更加小心。 I won't go shopping this afternoon, but she will.今天下午我不想去購物，但她想去。 will 在疑問句中，用來表示有禮貌地征詢對方的意見。如： Will you have some more tea? 要不要再喝點茶？ What shall we do this weekend? 本周末我們要干什么？ 三 . 一般將來時的其它幾種表示法： 1. 用 be going to 表示： be going to 相當(dāng)于一個助動詞，與其后的動詞原形一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語，表示近期將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。如： I'm going to see a film this afternoon. 今天下午我想去看電影。 “ be going to 動詞原形”表示主觀上打算在將來某個時間要做某事。如： Her mother is going to buy her a new bike. 她媽媽要給她買輛新自行車。 “ be going to 動詞原形”還可以表示說話人根據(jù)已有的跡象認(rèn)為將要發(fā)生的事。如： It's going to rain. 快要下雨了。 2. 用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來意義 句中的動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時，但所表示的意義卻是一般將來時。如： Are you free tomorrow? Are you going to be free tomorrow? 你明天有空嗎？ 在時間 / 條件狀語從句中，如果主句是一般將來時，從句習(xí)慣上用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來的意義。如： Please tell him to go when he comes. 他來時，就讓他去。be going to與will的區(qū)別be going to與will兩者都可表示將要發(fā)生的事、將要去做某事，但它們有如下幾點區(qū)別：1. be going to 表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情，will 表示的將來時間則較遠(yuǎn)一些，如： He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day. 2. be going to 表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情，will表示客觀上將來勢必發(fā)生的事情。 He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old. 3. be going to含有“計劃，準(zhǔn)備”的意思，而will則沒有這個意思，如： She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour. 4.在有條件從句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如： If any beasts come at you, I'll stay with you and help youwill和be going to的選用原則  1. 關(guān)于“打算” 原先作好的打算用“be going to”。 “Kate is in hospital.” “Yes, I know. I am going to see her this afternoon.” “凱特在住院?！薄笆堑?，我知道。我下午要去看她?！?說話時即時的打算用“will”。 “Kate is in hospital.” “Oh, really, I didnt know. I will go and see her at once.” “凱特在住院。”“哦，是嗎？我都不知道呢。我得馬上去看她。” 2. 關(guān)于“預(yù)料” 在有跡象表明的情況下的預(yù)料用“be going to” Look at the clouds. Its going to rain. 你看天上的云?？煜掠炅?。 My God! We are going to crash. 天哪！我們快撞車了。 在沒有跡象表明的情況下進(jìn)行的猜測用“will，be going to”皆可。 I think the weather will be nice. I think the weather is going to be nice. 我想天會晴朗。 Do you think the car will start? Do you think the car is going to start? 你想車能發(fā)動起來嗎？ 當(dāng)動詞表示內(nèi)心活動時，表示猜測的句子必須用“will” I think she will like the cake I made for her. 我想她會喜歡我為她做的蛋糕。"be going to"中的be是助動詞，它有am, is, are三種形式，沒有什么實際意義；to是動詞不定式的標(biāo)志詞，標(biāo)志詞后動詞用原形。它們?nèi)齻€總是形影不離，在句中共同表達(dá)"計劃、打算、準(zhǔn)備去做"的意思。如： I am going to sell this old car, and buy a new one. 我打算賣掉這輛舊車，然后買輛新車。 用法篇 "be going to"必須與表示將來的時間信息詞如this afternoon, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow以及next系列時間短語等連用。它可表示： 1.事先經(jīng)過考慮、安排近期要做的事情。如： They are going to the park this weekend. 他們打算這周末去公園。 2.根據(jù)目前某種跡象判斷某事非常有可能發(fā)生。如： What bad weather! It is going to snow tomorrow. 多糟的天氣！看來明天要下雪。 另外 1. "be going to"的肯定式是"主語 + be going to + do(動詞原形) + ."。上面的例句中就有肯定句，再仔細(xì)看看吧! 2. "be going to"的否定式是在助動詞be后加not，即：主語 + be + not + going to + do +. 如： Peter is not going to make a model ship. 彼得不打算做一個輪船模型。 3. "be going to"的疑問式是把助動詞be移到句首，即：Be+主語+going to do+.？這和be作聯(lián)系動詞時的用法相似。如： Are you going to mend his chair soon? Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. 你打算馬上給他修椅子嗎？是的，馬上修。/不，沒這個想法。 一般將來時強(qiáng)化鞏固習(xí)題一、單項選擇。( ) 1. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match. A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch( ) 2. There _ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be( ) 3. They _ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have( ) 4. _ you _ free next Sunday? A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be( ) 5. He _ there at ten tomorrow morning. A. will B. is C. will be D. be( ) 6. _ your brother _ a magazine from the library? A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows( ) 16. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go ( ) 17. We _ the work this way next time. A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing ( ) 18. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating in the park. A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go ( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match. A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch ( ) 20. There _ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be ( ) 21. They _ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have ( ) 22. _ you _ free next Sunday? A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be ( ) 23. He _ there at ten tomorrow morning. A. will B. is C. will be D. be( ) 24. _ your brother _ a magazine from the library? A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows( ) 25. Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon? _ （好的）. A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will. C. No, please. D. No, you wont. ( ) 26. It _ the year of the horse next year. A. is going to be B. is going to C. will be D. will is ( ) 27. _ open the window? A. Will you please B. Please will you C. You please D. Do you ( ) 28. Lets go out to play football, shall we? OK. I _. A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming ( ) 29. It _ us a long time to learn English well. A. takes B. will take C. spends D. will spend ( ) 30. The train _ at 11. A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving二、動詞填空。1. I am afraid there _（be）a meeting this afternoon. I cant join you.2. Mike _（believe, not）this until he _（see）it with his own eyes.3. Most of us dont think their team _（win）.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1. China is a modern and strong country.（in twenty years）2. Do you study hard?（from now on）3. She didnt speak English at the meeting.（before long）The keys:一、單項選擇。1. D 2. B 3. B 4. B 5.C 6. B 16. D 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. B 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D二、動詞填空。1. will be 2. wont believe ; sees 3. will win三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1. China will be a modern and strong country in twenty years.2. Will you study hard from now on?3. She wont speak English at the meeting before long.課時三：“There be句型There be 句型1. 定義：There be句型表示某處存在某物或某人。2. 結(jié)構(gòu)：(1) There is +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+ 地點狀語.        (2) There are +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+地點狀語.          there是引導(dǎo)詞，在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，翻譯時也不必譯出。句子的主語是某人或某物，謂語動詞be要與主語（某人或某物）的數(shù)保持一致。當(dāng)主語是兩個或兩個以上的名詞時，謂語動詞要與跟它最近的那個名詞一致。eg.  There is a bird in the tree.   樹上有一只鳥。    There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.  我們教室里有一位老師和許多學(xué)生。    There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 樹下有兩個男孩，一個女孩。1）.There be句型與have的區(qū)別首先，從含義上說，There be表達(dá)的是“某地有某物”。如，There is a tree in front of the house。房子前有一棵樹。而have講的是“某人/某物擁有”即指出的是賓語的所有者。如：I have an interesting book。我有一本有趣的書。The chair has three legs。這把椅子有三條腿。其次，從直觀上對比不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，一般There be句型直接置于句首，而have前面要有主語。這是因為There be句型是一個倒裝句型，主語在be動詞后。2.）There be句型的就近原則There be句型的就近原則也是主謂一致語法項目的重點考點。There be句型中be動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由后面挨近的一項的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。如：There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk。在本句中盡管有鋼筆、書和鉛筆，但是由于離be動詞最近的一項是單數(shù)a pen，因此，be動詞用單數(shù)is。3）.There be句型的否定和疑問There be句型的疑問句是把題目中具體的be動詞形式提前，否定是在be動詞后加not。但是一般后面的名詞前有a或any，那么此時not any或not a可以轉(zhuǎn)化為no。如：There isnt a book in the bag.=There is no book in the bag。關(guān)于There be句型的反意疑問句需要特殊說明的是，后面的疑問部分要用使用句型原貌，不能將there改成it或其他代詞。如：There was a meeting yesterday, wasnt there?不能寫成wasnt it。4）.There be句型的時態(tài)，根據(jù)時間狀語和就近原則分別為：一般現(xiàn)在時There is/are一般過去時There was/were一般將來時There is going to be/There will be還有There used to be；There must/may/can be等形式。其中，一般將來時的形式在初中考試中常出現(xiàn)。如：There _ a basketball match tomorrow。A.is going to haveB.are going to haveC.is going to beD.are going to be由于就近原則我們當(dāng)然選單數(shù)，排除B、D，由于題目橫線前已表明There，所以選C。5.）There be句型中的動詞There be句型中的動詞根據(jù)需要，有時可以用lie/stand/live/enter/happen/remain/seem to be等代替be動詞。如：There stands a tree in front of the house。Long long ago,There lived an old man. He was very poor。6.There is+no+名詞句型如：There is no need to tell him the news. He has known it。常用句型有There is no need to do something。做某事沒有必要。There is no sense in doing something。做某事沒有意義。There is no point in doing something。做某事沒有意義或沒用。一.選擇填空 ( )1.-Again, my computer does't work. - must be something wrong with the CPU A.There B.That C.It D.This ( )2.There some milk ,some eggs and a few apples on the table. A.is B.are C.has D.have ( )3.there are so many green trees on sides of the street . A.either B.each C.both D.neither ( )4.there anything new in today's newspaper . A.is B.are C.isn't D.aren't ( )5. there books on the shelf ？ A.area B.is a C.have some D.areany ( )6.there many elephants in Africa. A.is B.has C.are D.have ( )7.-is there a hotel near here？ -. A.yes.please B.not at all C.sorry,i don't know D.here you are ( )8.are there any on the table？ A.meat B.cheese C.tomatoes D.papper ( )9.-where is my wallet ？ -there a black on the floor. A.isit B.areones C.isone D.areone ( )10.there's eraser on desk. A. anthe B.thea C.thethe D.an/ 二. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.there are many (mouse) in the old house. 2.there (be) an airport in Suqian some dayI hope 3.there (be) four buildings built already in our school. 4.there (be)hardly any juice left。 三.根據(jù)漢語完成下列句子。 看！天空中有奇怪的東西。 Look！ in Sky. 沒有水，地球上就沒有生命。 Without water, no lift on eath. 冰箱里有多少冰激凌？ ice cream in the fridge？ 黑板在我的課桌前面。 a blackboard in front of my desk. 一些老師在操場上。 some teachers on the playground .四。改錯 ( )1.there are(a) a pen and(b) two books on(c) the(d) desk. ( )2.there stand(a) a factory(b) by(c) the river(d) ( )3.there(a) is(b) a girl swim(c) in the lake(d) ( )4.there is(a) little(b) coffee in the(c) fridge ,isn't it(d) ( )5.there(a) weren't (b) any(c) meet in the fridge yesterday(d) ( )6.-is(a) there a(b) post office near hear？ -yesthere(c) are(d) ( )7.there(a) should have(b) something wrong(c) with(d) the machine. ( )8.there will(a) have(b) a meeting(c) in the afternoon(d) ( )9.are(a) they(b) any(c) paper on the desk(d) ( )10.there(a) aren't(b) any tigers in the zoo ,is(c) there(d) 答案： 一. 1.A“there is something wrong with”意為“有些問題”。 2.A 根據(jù)英語主謂一致中的就近原則，應(yīng)用is，因為milk是不可數(shù)名詞。3.C 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.C 9.C 10.A 二. 1-4 mice, will be,has been,is.三. 1-5 1.there is something strange 2.there can be3.how much,is there 4.there is5.there are四.1.a are-is 2.a stand-stands 3.c swim-swimming 4.d it-there 5.b weren't-wasn't 6.d are-is 7.b have-be 8.b have-be 9.a are-is 10.c is-are課時四： 一般過去時態(tài)1.定義：表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài),這種動作或狀態(tài)可能是一次性,也可能經(jīng)常發(fā)生。2.結(jié)構(gòu)：如果動詞是Be動詞（was/were）,構(gòu)成主系表的結(jié)構(gòu)。 即：主語+系動詞（was/were）+ 表語 She was a teacher last year, but now she is a housewife. They were late for school yesterday.如果動詞是實義動詞或除be動詞以外的其它連系動詞，需要將句中的動詞變?yōu)檫^去時，結(jié)構(gòu)如下 即：主語+ 謂語動詞（過去時）+ 賓語 We lived in Chongqing last year. I got up late, so I missed the first bus. He fell asleep just now. He left for Shanghai an hour ago.3.動詞過去式的構(gòu)成：（1）規(guī)則動詞的過去式，過去分詞的構(gòu)成：規(guī)則/類別動詞原形過去式過去分詞一般情況加-edhelp, look,work, talkhelped, looked,worked, talkedhelped, looked,worked, talked詞尾為不發(fā)音的字母-e時，直接加-dlike, live,love, moveliked, lived,loved, movedliked, lived,loved, moved詞尾為“輔音字母+y”時，變y為i，再加-edtrystudycrytried, studied, criedtried,studied, cried以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且詞尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫詞尾輔音字母后加-edplan, stop . nod , chat planned, stopped . noddedchattedplanned,stopped . noddedchatted特別提示：1. 在清輔音后讀t 如：helped stopped2. 在元音或輔音后讀d 如： stayed agreed 3. 在輔音t ，d 后讀id 如： wan