2013年九年級(jí)英語下冊 Module 1 Travel冠詞講解與考點(diǎn)分析 外研版

Module 1輔導(dǎo)冠詞講解與考點(diǎn)分析 冠詞是中考單項(xiàng)填空必考的語法項(xiàng)目之一,一般每年有一道小題,兩個(gè)空。因?yàn)楣谠~用法比較靈活,往往隨著語境的變化而變化,并且固定搭配和特例較多，失分的考生比較多。本文將結(jié)合中考試題,歸納冠詞的考點(diǎn)。第一部分：基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)一、冠詞概述冠詞是虛詞，它不能單獨(dú)使用。只能附在一個(gè)名詞上說明這個(gè)名詞。冠詞分為不定冠a(an)詞和定冠詞the。不定冠詞一般表示泛指；定冠詞一般表示特指。二、不定冠詞a(an)的用法A. 不定冠詞a(an)用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前。a用于輔音字母開始的詞前；an用于元音字母開始的詞前。如：a girl an English bookB. 不定冠詞用來表示類別，指某一類人或某一類事物中的一個(gè)(泛指)。如： His father is a doctor. I work in a middle school in Beijing.C. 不定冠詞用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，可以表示其全類(泛指)。如： An English teacher teaches the students how to learn English.三、定冠詞the的用法表示上文提到過的人或事物。如：He bought an English-Chinese dictionary this morning. The dictionary is very good.用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示整體或類別。如：The panda is a rare animal.此句等于：A panda is a rare animal. = Pandas are rare animals.用來表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物。如：the sun, the moon, the sky, the earth, the world用于表示階級(jí)、黨派的名詞前。如：the Chinese Communist Party, the working class the proletariat 無產(chǎn)階級(jí)常用于含有普通名詞或形容詞的專有名詞前。A. 用于許多江海，山脈，群島等名詞前： The Yellow River The East Sea the Himalayas the Pacific OceanB. 用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國名： The People's Republic of China the United StatesC. 用于機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體、朝代、時(shí)代、報(bào)刊雜志等名詞前： the United Nations the State Council the Tang dynasty the People's Daily the Summer Palace the Peace Hotel the British Museum用于表示方位的名詞前。如：the east the southwest the middle the Far East on the left用于樂器名詞前，但漢語拼音的樂器前不用冠詞。如：play the piano play the violin play erhu用于復(fù)數(shù)的姓氏前，表示兩夫婦或全家，在此情況下，這類名詞作復(fù)數(shù)對待。如：When we got there, the Lius were waiting for us.The Smiths watch TV every day.用于某些形容詞或過去分詞前，表示一類人或事物。如：the poor the rich the living the young the wounded the oppressed the beautiful用在形容詞的最高級(jí)前或序數(shù)詞前。如：Shanghai is the biggest city in china. After the game, the first thing they wanted to do was to take a hot bath.四、零冠詞用法表示某一類人或事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，不用冠詞。 Now people are living a happy life. Trees are planted everywhere.不含普通名詞的專有名詞，表示泛指的物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞前，不用冠詞。 We are studying English. He is leaving for America this year. It is pleasant to walk in soft snow. Love is always stronger than hatred.名詞前有指示代詞、物主代詞、不定代詞或名詞所有格修飾，不用冠詞。 I like this picture better. Is that your book? Take their chairs away! I do not have any money on me. As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct.季節(jié)、月份、星期等名詞前，一般不用冠詞。 She likes spring while I like summer. We have no classes on Saturday. The Long March started in October 1934.表示只有一人擔(dān)任的職務(wù)、頭銜的名詞前，不用冠詞。 We have elected him our monitor. 三餐飯的名詞前，一般不用冠詞。 When do you have lunch? After supper we usually take a walk.節(jié)假日等名詞前，不用冠詞。 Children all wear their best clothes on National Day. People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day.注意：在eve后有of短語則要加定冠詞： on the eve of National Day on the eve of New Years Day球類和棋類運(yùn)動(dòng)的名詞前，不用冠詞。 play basketball play chess作表語用表示程度的形容詞最高級(jí)前，不用冠詞。 Your help was most timely. This method is most effective.注意：如果有比較范圍，形容詞最高級(jí)前必須加定冠詞： Of all methods, this is the most effective.在某些固定詞組里，名詞前不用冠詞。 on footby train/ boat / planein fact as a matter of fact in classin churchin dangerin hospitalin town in bedat homeat schoolat daybreakat sunrise at duskat sunset at nightat noongo to school go to classgo to bedfrom morning till night from victory to victory from door to door五、注意事項(xiàng)當(dāng)man作人類講時(shí)，用零冠詞。 Man will conquer nature.某些抽象名詞具體化時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，其前可加a。surprise, fire, joy, He is a success as a teacher. Long Jing is a famous tea in China.a 用于姓氏前表示某個(gè)只知道名字而不不熟悉的人。 A Mr Liu is waiting to see you outside.在某些句型中可加a It is a pity that you have missed the chance. It is a shame / a pleasure / a honour for sb. to do sth.word 作消息講時(shí)，用零冠詞。 Word came that he would go abroad.第二部分：考點(diǎn)分析考點(diǎn)1 不定冠詞一、用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,表示泛指，相當(dāng)于“any”，說明事物的種類或類屬。例題：1It is often said that _ teachers have _ very easy life. A. 不填；不填 B. 不填；a C. the, 不填 D. the, a提示：這里的a very easy life（簡單的生活）表示泛指。答案：B2When you come here for your holiday next time, don't go to_hotel; I can find you_bed in my flat.A. the; a B. the; 不填C. a; the D. a; 不填提示：此處bed表示泛指,意思是“我能在我的公寓里為你找到一張床”。答案：A二、用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示某一個(gè)，相當(dāng)于“a certain”。例題：1I knew _ John Lennon, but not _ famous one.A. 不填；a B. a；the C. 不填；the D. the；a提示：有一個(gè)叫John Lennon的人，用不定代詞，表示某一個(gè)。答案：B2I can't remember when exactly the Robinsons left _ city. I only remember it was _ Monday.A. the, the B. a, the C. a, a D. the, a提示：某個(gè)星期天是a Monday。答案：D三、不定冠詞a用于輔音音素開頭的單詞前,an用于元音音素開頭的單詞前。例題：The Wilsons live in _ A- shaped house near the coast. It is _ 17th century cottage.A. the ; 不填 B. an; the C. 不填 ; the D. an; a提示：因?yàn)閍 屬于元音音素，應(yīng)該用an;答案：D四、不定冠詞位于抽象名詞前，與抽象名詞連用，使抽象名詞具體化，表示“一場、一次、一件”。如：a pleasure一件樂事，a surprise一件令人驚訝的事，a joy一件高興的事，a pity一件遺憾的事，an honour一個(gè)（件）經(jīng)以為榮的人(事)。例題：1It is _ great pleasure to go to _ cinema after a weeks hard work.A. a; the B. the ; a C. a, a D. the , the提示：a great pleasure 表示“一件快樂的事”。答案：A2It's quiet obvious that the aging population I China will cause _ heavy pressure on _ whole society in the future.A. a; a B. the ,/ C. a ,the D. /, the提示：a heavy pressure表示一個(gè)承重的壓力。答案：C3I'd like _ coffee.A. a B.some C.the D. a cup提示：a coffee表示一杯咖啡。答案：A五、用于序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一”。例題：Give it _ second thought and youll find it wise to accept _ job.A. the ; the B. a ; a C. a ; the D. the ; a提示：a second thought 表示“再次考慮 ”。答案：C考點(diǎn)2 定冠詞一、表示特指或第二次提到例題：The warmth of _sweater will of course be determined by the sort of _wool used.AThe ; the Bthe ; / C/; the D/; /提示：第一空格為特指，交待the warmth的內(nèi)容。答案：B 二、用在序數(shù)詞前、最高級(jí)前、獨(dú)一無二的東西前例題：Paper money was in _ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _thirteenth century.Athe / Bthe the C/ the D/ /提示：序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞the。答案：C三、用于固定句型中1beat / hit / knock / strike sb +in / on the+人體部位例題When I told him he had to be paid by _ hour, he become angry and hit me on _nose.A. an; my B. the ; the C. an ;the D. / ;a提示：hit sb on the nose表示“打在某人的鼻子上”，用the。答案：B.2the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)，表示越來越例題：_ more you use a dictionary, _ more useful it will become to you.A. The ;the B. The ;/ C. /; the D. / ; /答案：A四、由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前通常加定冠詞例題：The most important thing about cotton in history is_part that it played in_Industrial Revolution.A. 不填;不填 B. the;不填C. the ;the D. a; the提示：Industrial Revolution是由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞,其前須用定冠詞。答案：C考點(diǎn)3 零冠詞一、唯一的職務(wù)、頭銜名詞前不加冠詞。如：captain, chairman, head, president, monitor.例題：Lincoln was elected _ President of _ United States in 1860.A. the ; the B. / ; the C. a; / D. /;/提示：the president 表示頭銜。答案：B二、球類、三餐以及學(xué)科名詞前通常使用零冠詞例題：She is_newcomer to_chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries.A. the; the B. the; 不填C. a; 不填 D. a; the提示：chemistry是學(xué)科名詞,前面不加冠詞。答案：C三、特殊用法如word 表示“消息”時(shí)一般不加冠詞。例題：Early in the morning _ word came that David had been made _governor of the state.A. the ;the B. / ; / C. a ; the D. / ; the答案：B8