高中英語 Unit 5 LeteratureThe Dream Keeper（1）素材 冀教版必修1

1112011-2012學年高一英語必修1（冀教版）素材（含教案和練習） Unit 5 LeteratureThe Dream Keeper（1）一. 教學內容：Unit 5 （I）二. 單元 重點詞匯1. flight n. 飛行；逃走；飛越；飛機的航程；班機；追逐 The enemy are in the flight. 敵人正在逃跑。The flight was quite smooth. We had a very pleasant journey.飛行很順利。我們的旅途十分愉快。 They made a successful flight across the ocean. 他們成功飛越大洋。2. puzzle n.難題；謎；（使）迷惑；（使）為難；迷惑不解 puzzle常用作及物動詞，表示“使人對感到疑惑不解”；puzzling常表示事情的性質與特征，“使迷惑的，使莫名其妙的”；puzzled意為“感到莫名其妙的”。 The murder case continued to puzzle the police. 警方依然對兇殺案感到疑惑不解。 I felt puzzled and upset. What on earth did he want with me?我感到不解和不安。他究竟要我干什么? With a school record like yours I'm puzzled why you didn't try for a university scholarship.以你這樣的成績，我很納悶你為何沒有努力爭取大學獎學金。His face wore a puzzled expression. 他的臉上露出一副疑惑的表情。I find this affair very puzzling. 我覺得這事莫名其妙。3. average n平均；平均水平；平均數(shù)。adj. 一般的；通常的；vt.平均為；均分；使平衡；達到平均水平 The average of 3 and l0 and 5 is 6. 3，10和5的平均值為6。 He is about average in his lessons. 他的功課在班上屬于中等水平。 He smokes twenty cigarettes a day on an average. 他平均每天吸20支煙。 On anthe average there are twenty boys in every class. 每班平均有20個男生。 The average age of the boys in this class is 16. 這個班男生的平均年齡為16歲。 The cost of my lunches averaged one dollar a day.我的午飯平均每天花費1美元。4. aware adj.知道的；明白的；意識到的 與of引起的短語連用表示“意識到、察覺到”。如： She was aware of the fact，but she could not face it yet. 她意識到這一事實，但是還不能正視它。 跟that從句。如： Everyone was aware that they were in danger. 大家都意識到他們處境危險。 與連接副詞how連用。如： I was too sleepy to be aware how cold it was. 我太困了，察覺不到天有多冷。5. base n. 底部；基礎；根據(jù)地；基地；本部；基數(shù)；（運動）出發(fā)點vt. 以作基礎；基于常與介詞on連用。如： I base my hope on the news we had yesterday. 我把希望建立在昨天所聽到的信息上。 This novel is based on the historical facts. 這本小說以歷史事實為依據(jù)。Marx went to England and made London the base of his revolutionary work. 馬克思來到英國，把倫敦作為他從事革命工作的根據(jù)地。6. character n. （事物的（特性；性質；特征（的總和）；（人的）品質；字符；性格；特征；人物 vt. 寫；刻；?。皇咕哂刑卣鱓hat does her handwriting tell you about her character?通過她寫的字，你看出了她什么性格? I don't like the character of the desert landscape.我不喜歡沙漠風光。 Mickey Mouse and Donald are both main characters of a Disney cartoon TV series. 米老鼠和唐·老鴨都是一部迪斯尼動畫片的主要角色。7. power n. 能力；力量；動力；權力 power可指能力、權力、體力、智力、操縱力、控制力、影響力、風力、水動力、核動力、電力等等。 I'll do everything in my power to help you. 我將盡我所能幫助你。His power is failing. That is to say he is becoming weak. 他的體力在下降，或者說他正在變得虛弱。This government came into power at the last election.這屆政府在最后的選舉中上臺執(zhí)政。The United States and Russia are world powers in international affairs.在國際事務中，美國和俄羅斯是世界大國。8. regular adj. 有規(guī)則的；有秩序的；經常的；合格的；定期的 regular breathing均勻的呼吸，a regular heart beat正常的心跳，regular teeth整齊的牙齒 a regular customer老主顧、常客，a regular offender慣犯，a regular soldier正規(guī)士兵9. scene n. 現(xiàn)場，場面；情景，景色；發(fā)生地點；（戲?。┮粓觯徊季?，道具布置 We came to the scene of the accident at once. 我們立刻趕到事故現(xiàn)場。It reminded us of the miserable scene of the big earthquake.這使我們想起了那場大地震的悲慘一幕。 We will go abroad for a change of scene. 我們將出國旅行換換風景。 Such are the lines of the Act 1，Scene 2 of Hamlet. 這是哈姆雷特第二場第一幕中的臺詞。10. host n. 主人，東道主；旅館老板；（廣播，電視的）節(jié)目主持人vt .（作主人或東道主），主辦，主持；以主人身份招待 We are proud to get the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games. 我們?yōu)橛袡C會做2008奧運會的東道主感到自豪。 Yesterday we were hosts to a few friends. 昨天我們招待了幾位朋友。 We attended a dinner party hosted by the president of the company.我們參加了由公司總裁舉行的聚餐會。重要句型：1. Know its root and you will understand its origin.(P. 57)了解了它的詞根你就明白了它的詞源。 祈使句+ andor句型相當于一個包含有條件狀語的復合句。and前面的肯定祈使句相當于一個肯定的條件句，or前面的肯定祈使句相當于一個否定的條件句，or前面的否定祈使句相當于一個肯定的條件句；前面的祈使句有時可以是一個短語；or有時可用otherwise代替。如： Work hard, and you will be admitted to a key university. =If you work hard，you will be admitted to a key university. 努力吧，你會進入重點大學。 A bit more efforts，and the problems could be settled. =If you make a bit more efforts，the problems could be settled. 再加把勁，問題就解決了。 Come on time, or you won't see her. =If you don't come on time，you won't see her. 準時來，要不你見不到她。Dont have the machine running all the time, otherwise it will be out of order.=If you have the machine running all the time ,it will be out of order. 別讓機器轉個不停，要不它會壞掉的。 2. As with any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to assess the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand its meaning. (P. 57)如同任何一個來到犯罪現(xiàn)場的出色偵探，在遇到一個生僻詞時首先要做的就是依據(jù)語境來判斷哪些是已知，并且琢磨是否可以借助已知來推測生僻詞的意思。 as with表示“正如一樣”，是as it is the same with 的省略形式。如：As with drawing a picture, you should be patient and careful in doing that job.正如同畫畫一樣，在做工作時應該既要有耐心，又要認真。As with other mental disorders, the most important part of treatment is to first identify the problem.正如其他心理失調一樣，治療的最重要方面就是首先確定問題所在。3. You usually find old and wise people sitting in the Senate.(P. 58)你通常發(fā)現(xiàn)上了年紀的智者是參議院的議員。 finddoing表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)在做”，doing作賓語補足語。能用于這一句型中的謂語動詞除了find外還有feel，see，hear，notice，watch，keep，get，have等。如：Jefferson also found his memory failing.杰斐遜也發(fā)現(xiàn)他的記憶力不行了。Dont you feel the wind coming from the southeast?難道你沒感覺出這是東南風嗎?The lack of money keeps him working day and night.缺錢使他夜以繼日地工作。How can I get the car starting? 我如何才能讓這輛車啟動呢?流行英語1. He is a walking encyclopedia. 他是一本活百科全書。 walking修飾物，表示具有一定能力和素質的人。譯為：活的，能行走的。如： He lives like a walking skeleton. 他活得就像行尸走肉。Our English teacher is a walking dictionary.我們的英語老師是一本活字典。2. He is all wrapped up in “me”. 他被完全包裹在自我之中。 be wrapped in 表示完全處于某種境況之中，常含有因此而不顧及其他之意。如： She is wrapped up in her studies. 她埋頭苦讀。He sat by the fire place wrapped up in his thoughts. 他坐在壁爐旁沉思。3. If a person is egocentric, his thoughts might go something like this: I think only about me , I am an egocentric person. 如果一個人是以自我為中心的，他的思想多少會是這樣的：我只考慮自己，我以自己為中心。 something like this 在這個短語something表示：或多或少，有點兒。如： She looks something like her mother. 她長得有點像她的媽媽。I became something impatient.我開始有些不耐心了。4. One thing is for sure，there would be thousands of new words for him to learn. 有一點可以肯定，他需要學數(shù)以千計的詞匯。One thing is for sure. 有一點可以肯定。如：Students may learn English in different ways. But one thing is for sure，all of them need to build a large vocabulary.學生可以以多種方式學習英語，但有一點是肯定的，不論哪一種方法都必須掌握大量詞匯。either，neither，both，all, each，every，none等不定代詞的用法1. all和both的用法all和both相對應。all表示三者或三者以上；both表示兩者。all可以用作代詞、形容詞或副詞，用作代詞時可用作單數(shù)，也可作復數(shù)。all表示“每件事物，一切(everything)”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：All that glitters is not gold. 閃光的不都是金子。Alls well that ends well.結局好，一切好。all在表示“所有的人”，并作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。如：All are present. Let s begin. 大家都到齊了，咱們開始吧!All are welcome.歡迎大家。形容詞的all表示三者或三者以上“都，全部”，后接不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式。如：All roads lead to Rome.條條大道通羅馬。All the oil has run out.所有的油全都用光了。both與all一樣，可用作代詞、形容詞或副詞，但both只用于兩個人或兩件事物，只用在復數(shù)名詞前，而且必須后接復數(shù)形式的動詞，意思是“兩者都”。Both her children go to the same school.她的兩個孩子在同一個學校讀書。The twins are both good at singing pop songs.這對雙胞胎流行歌曲唱得都很好。2. none和neither的用法none和neither相對應。前者“表示三者或三者以上的人或事都不”；而后者表示“兩者都不”。none意思是“都不，一個也沒有”，可以用來代替人或物，在句中可以作主語、賓語，可以和of搭配；作主語時，謂語動詞可以用單數(shù)或復數(shù)；用于回答以 “How many” “How much”開頭的特殊疑問句。 None havehas arrived. 還沒有人到來。（作主語，指人） None has been found. 什么也沒有找到。（作主語，指物）I wanted some more orange juice，but there was none (of the orange juice) left.我想再喝點橘汁，可是一點兒沒有了。None of us is perfect; we all make mistakes.人無完人；我們都會犯錯誤。 How many students have finished reading the book?多少同學看完了這本書? None. 一個也沒有。neither用于表示“兩者都不”，可代替人或物，在句中可以作主語、賓語及定語，可以和of搭配；作主語時，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)也可用復數(shù)。如：Neither book is satisfactory. 兩本書都令人不滿意。He took neither side in the quarrel.在爭吵中他不參加任何一方。Which of the books did you like ? Neither (of them)! They were both dull.你喜歡哪本書?都不喜歡!兩本都很枯燥。Neither of the two boys has passed the geography examination.兩個男孩子沒有一個地理考試及格。Neither of my parents is / are a doctor.我的父母都不是醫(yī)生。3. either和any的用法在表示兩者或三者中的“任何一個，隨便一個”時，這兩個單詞相對應。either表示“兩者之間的任何一個”，在句中可單獨使用或后接of短語。如：There is coffee or tea. You can have either.咖啡、茶你可以任選一種。Is either of the sisters coming? 這倆姐妹倆有哪個要來嗎?You can sit on either side of the boat if you keep still.如果你不亂動的話，你可坐在船的任何一端。Do you speak Germany or Italian? 你講德語還是意大利語?I dont speak either(of the two languages). 我都不會。Im afraid that either of them will not agree to this arrangement .我擔心他們兩人都不會同意這樣的安排的。any表示“三者之間的任何一個”。Do(es) any of you know his address?你們中間有誰知道他的地址嗎?Ill help any student( any of the students ) to learn this subject well.我將幫助每個學生學好這門功課。 4. either和each的用法either表示“兩者中的任何一個”；而each表示“兩者或三者及三者以上中的每一個”。如：You can take either of the two tickets. 這兒有兩張票，你可以隨便拿一張。Each of the students has a dictionary. 每個學生都有本字典。5. every和each的用法every只能用作形容詞，表示“每一個”，側重整體，不能與of搭配，只能用于總數(shù)是兩個以上的人或事物，它的代詞形式為everyone，everybody，everything。如：Every student in the class is here today.今天每一位學生都到了。All the students are here today.今天所有的學生都到了。在第一個句子中，我們用every student把學生們作為一個整體來看待；而在第二個句子中，我們說all the students，我們考慮的是組成這一整體的許許多多個體的學生。We were attacked on every side.=We were attacked on all sides. 我們遭到來自四面八方的襲擊。I enjoyed every minute of this performance.我自始至終欣賞這場演出。each可以作代詞或限定性形容詞，表示“每一個”，強調個體，可以用來表示兩個或兩個以上的人或事物，可以和of搭配。注意each在句中的位置：Each of the teachers has a computer. = The teachers each have a computer.= The teachers have a computer each.教師們每人一臺電腦。透視單元重點，點擊高考1. compared with【點撥】compared with/ to “與比較起來”。例如：Compared with / to other girls, she was lucky.【短語拓展】compare with“把和相比較”；例如：I carefully compared my answers with my teachers. compareto把比作。例如： Poets often compare sleep to death. compare notes with sb.與某人交換看法或意見。例如：They compared notes on the problem.【點擊高考】_ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. (2004 湖北)A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared【解析】答案是D。句中the biggest ocean 和 compare是被動關系，所以要用被動形式。When compared是省略形式，就等于When it is compared。【鞏固練習】_ to with many girls, Mary was indeed very good in drawing.A. To compare B. To be compared C. Comparing D. Compared答案：D2. as though【點撥】as though= as if 好像，似乎。可以引導方式狀語從句或表語從句。從句的語氣可以用陳述語氣，也可以用虛擬語氣。如：It looks as if we will be late.看起來我們好像會遲到。She always talks to me as if she were my sister. 她總是以我妹妹的語氣和我說話?！军c擊高考】）When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _.（NMET 1995）A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken【解析】答案是C。as if 在句中引導一個表語從句，表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，從句用一般過去時?！舅季S拓展】形似詞組：even if / even though 即使，盡管。例如：We have decided to visit the school even though it rains tomorrow.【鞏固練習】(1) We wont give up we should fail ten times.A. even if B. since C. whether D. until(2) he was badly ill, she was always looking after him willingly.A. Even B. As if C. Even though D. However答案：(1) A (2) C3. 狀語從句中的省略【點撥】含有when, while ,until, if, unless, once, before等引導的狀語從句的主從復合句中，若從句的主語和主句的主語一致，并且從句中謂語動詞有be的某種形式，從句中的主語及部分謂語（be動詞）可以省略。例如：Be careful when crossing the street. Some students like studying while listening to the tape.【點擊高考】When_ , the museum will be open to the public next year.(2002上海)A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed【解析】答案是A。這是一個省略句，從句省略了the museum is。原句是：When the museum is completed, the museum will?！眷柟叹毩暋坑美ㄌ柪锼o的動詞的適當形式填空：(1) When _ (work) with the workers, we learned a lot from them.(2) When _ (ask) , he always gives good advice.(3) He will not go the party unless _.(invite)(4) The research can not be stopped once_. (begin)答案：(1)working (2)asked (3) invited (4) began4. 代/名+介詞+which引導的定語從句 【點撥】這樣的定語從句一般是非限制性定語從句，which在從句中作介詞的賓語，代指前面的物或事。例如：They all come from the USA, most of whom are scientists.他們都來自美國，大部分是科學家。We had a meeting, the purpose of which was completely unclear. 我們開了一個會，會議的內容還不完全清楚?！军c擊高考】Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable.(2002上海)A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose【解析】答案是B。這是一個非限制性定語從句，the price of which指代花瓶的價格，等于whose price。【鞏固練習】(1)There are two buildings, _ stands nearly a hundred feet high.(2004 湖北)A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger are that D. the larger of which(2)The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80%_ are sold abroad.(2004遼寧)A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that答案：(1) D (2) A 5. ing作狀語【點撥】動詞的-ing形式作狀語時，應該注意以下三個方面：（1）分詞表示的是句子主語發(fā)出的動作；（2）分詞表示的動作和謂語表示的動作或狀態(tài)是同時發(fā)生或先后發(fā)生；（3）分詞表示的是次要的動作，一般是對謂語表示的動作或狀態(tài)加以說明。常用來表示伴隨、原因、時間和結果等。例如：He often sits on the sofa, watching TV. （伴隨）The bell which indicated the end of the class rang, interrupting our heated discussion. （結果）【鞏固練習】用括號里所給動詞的適當形式填空(1) _ so poor in those days, they couldnt afford to send their son to school.(be)(2) _ out of the room, he found the boy still there.(walk)(3) His wife died in 1990, _ him two children.(leave)(4) They stood there for an hour, _ the game.(watch)答案：(1) Being (2) Walking (3) leaving (4) watching詞語辨析1. sometimes, sometime, some time 和some times 四個詞的區(qū)別。sometime 是副詞，意思是：在某時。表示不確定的時間，可以與將來時也可以與過去時連用；sometimes是頻度副詞，意思是：偶爾，有時。常與一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時連用；some time是名詞詞組，意思是：一段時間。常指將來；some times是名詞詞組，意思是：幾次，幾倍?！纠洹縄 usually go to school on foot, but sometimes I go to school by bike. I saw him sometime last winter. She will stay in Beijing for some time. I met him some times in the street last week.2. if only與only if的區(qū)別if only的意思是：但愿，要是就好了。常引導虛擬語氣。only if的意思是：只要。引導陳述語氣的真實條件句?！纠洹縊nly if you study word, you will pass the exam. If only I had not been late yesterday.3. be about to do, be to do 與be going tobe about to do 表示即將發(fā)生的動作，不表示按計劃安排的活動，不與表示將來的時間狀語連用。be going to 表示“打算/計劃做某事”，它表示按計劃安排要發(fā)生的事或者有跡象表明某事要發(fā)生。be to do 表示“按計劃或打算要做的事”或者表示“要求、命令、禁止、注定等”。它所表示的動作是事先安排好的受到人的主觀意識的控制?！纠洹縃e was about to leave when the telephone rang. It is going to rain. You are to do your homework in ink.4. like與as做介詞時的區(qū)別like與as它們兩個都可以做介詞用。但like的意思是：像；類似；后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。而as的意思是：作為，當作，當某人是（某身份）時?！纠洹縄ve always wanted a garden like yours. As a child, he lived in India.5. take, spend, cost與pay的區(qū)別spend 的主語必須是“人”，賓語可以是“錢、精力、時間等”，其后用on+名詞或者in + doing，in可以省略。cost 的主語必須是“物”或“事”，表示“費用，耗費”，后接life , money, health, time , money等，側重于“花費”的代價。 take 表示“花費”時，其主語一般是“一件事”，通常用it做形式主語。pay 的意思是“支付”，賓語可以是“人、錢”等，常和介詞for搭配。【例句】The money he spent on the books added up to 500 yuan.It took me five hours to finish the work.The money I paid for the clothes was 800 yuan.How much did it cost ?【模擬試題】（答題時間：60分鐘）一、請從每道題的四個選項中選出一個最佳選項。1. Why dont you put the meat in the fridge?It will _ fresh for several days.A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed2. Its time they_ to school.A. go B. will go C. went D. have gone3. I was having _ time that I didnt want to leave.A. such a nice B. so nice C. such nice a D. such nice4. They stood beside the teacher, with their eyes_ what the teacher was doing.A. focus on B. focusing on C. focused on D. to focus on5. The students in this college are all taking courses a degree.A. devoting to B. turning to C. leading to D. sticking to6. She moved back home to _ her elderly parents.A. take care B. care for C. care about D. with care7. He is just _ because the girl he likes is here.A. showing up B. showing off C. showing his face D. showing around8. You cant imagine the trouble the doctor had_ the wounded child.A. saved B. to save C. saving D. save9. The traveler _ a tent for the night.A. put down B. put up C. put on D. put off10. He plays football_, if not better than his brother.A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as二、根據(jù)中文提示，填寫所缺單詞。1. The trees cast an intricate _（圖案）of shadows on the ground.2. During the second day we also had some _（句型，方式）drills based on the dialogue in our class.3. He is a _（模范，榜）of what a good student should be.4. She made a dress according to the dress _（模型，底樣，紙樣）.5. There are many wallpaper _（樣品，樣本）in the shop to choose from.6. He has a job _（面試，面談）for the manager next week.7. As a reporter, he often has an _（記者采訪，訪談）with some important people.8. We have _（對某人進行面試或面談（動詞）ten people for the job, but none is fit for it.9. Next week, I will _（媒體）采訪，訪問（動詞）Zhang Yimou about his latest movie.三、下列各句中均有一個錯誤，請找出并改正。1. She looks very pretty on the skirt.2. He studied deep into the night before the day in which he would have an exam.3. As a child , he couldnt join a school because of the poorness of his family.4. At the age of 20, he set out to make a living like a teacher after graduating from college.5. As the whole, your passage is quite good.6. He often sleeps with the windows widely open.7. He is such a good teacher that we all respect and love.8. It is many colder than yesterday.9. The plan made up five parts sounded good.10. Tom along with his parents are going to visit the Great Wall next week.四、從括號中選擇短語，并用其適當形式填空。(make use of, too many， in addition, a great / good many, make sense, stand out, Many a， take ones breath away, too much, pull through, take care, as many as, work away , hear from, at ease, as much as)1. He likes talking on and on, so I never feel_ with him.2. It _ to buy the most up-to-date edition of the dictionary.3. My first view of the Great Wall from the air _.4. It is suggested that the ability_ the online educational resources is a basic skill a student should possess.5. The task is going to be tough but we will _ it together.6. He _ not to let anyone know that he failed the driving test.7. He _ at the job as soon as he had lunch.8. Yao Ming always _ in the crowd because of his height.9. How often do you_ your sister ?10. He was made to work 16 hours a day and beaten_. 11.This little fish will grow to huge size, _ three feet.12. There were _ fifty foreign students visiting our school yesterday.13. I dont want _ of them. Six will be enough.14. She is afraid that the trip will be _ for her old mother.15. I recognized her at the first sight because Ive known her for _ years.16. _ good man has been destroyed by drink.五、介詞填空：請選擇適當?shù)慕樵~填空。1. In order to change attitudes_ study, our school is bringing in some new methods.A. about B. of C. towards D. on2. Im sorry its _ my power to make a final plan.A. over B. above C. of D. beyond3. The sunlight came in_ the window and up my room.A. through B. across C. on D. in4. My plane leaves at 6, so I have to be at the airport_ half past five at the latest.A. until B. after C. around D. by5. _ the time going on, he becomes better and better at the job.A. As B. For C. With D. Through六、請從每道題的四個選項中選出一個最佳選項。1. I know it isnt important but I cant help_ about it.A. to think B. thinking C. but to think D. but thinking2. There is no _ that we can get there on time.A. affair B. doubt C. matter D. problem3. The story is_ worth_.A. good; being listened B. well; listening C. well; to be listened D. well; being listened4. If only I _ to my teachers advice!A. listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listened5. He is _ a teacher to us. Besides, he is a good friend of ours.A. more than B. no more than C. less than D. no less than6. What is happening? I feel the ground _!A. move B. to move C. movi