中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理 九年級(jí)課件.ppt

I.語(yǔ)法：時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題 (01 1.記住與各時(shí)態(tài)相關(guān)的“特征詞”2.表示“將來(lái)”的幾種形式及基本區(qū)別：shall will be going to +動(dòng)詞原形be to do sth.be +coming (leaving, starting, reaching, returning. be about to do sth.3.用于表示過(guò)去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望和計(jì)劃的表達(dá)：A. should like to / would like to / would love to + 不定式的完成時(shí)態(tài)B. was / were going to do sth.（用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)表示原打算做什么）C. was / were going to have done sth.表示未完成原來(lái)的計(jì)劃和安排D. expect , intend , hope , mean , plan , promise , suppose , think , want , wish常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)在這些詞后接賓語(yǔ)從句或者接不定式的一般形式；或者用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)后面接不定式的完成形式表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望,考前知識(shí)清理01,F.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should ,would, could, might, ought to等后接不定式的完成時(shí)，表示過(guò)去本該做，打算做，想做而未做的事情G. had better / would rather + 不定式的完成時(shí)，表示一種過(guò)去的愿望常譯為“當(dāng)初最好當(dāng)初真該”II. 句型復(fù)習(xí)：1. would (should) you like to do sth. should love to do sth.feel like doing sth.would like to do sth.would like sb. to do sth.such a diligent man that so diligent a man that such a diligent man as such interesting books that such rapid progress that so many (few) people that so much (little) money that so diligent (fast) thatdiligent (fast) enough to do sth.so lazy (slowly) that he cannot too lazy (slowly) to do sth.,E. wish that had done sth.表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望,III.詞匯：A. 常用動(dòng)詞用法 (01)agree sb. agree with + sb. / sb.s opinion / what 同意某人意見(jiàn)sth. agree with sb.適合sth. agree with sth. 相一致，相符，和諧agree on (upon) sth.就取得一致的意見(jiàn)agree with sb. on sth. 在方面同意或意見(jiàn)一致agree to do sth. 愿意（同意）做agree that.同意是事實(shí)或應(yīng)當(dāng)如何注釋：該詞一般作為不及物動(dòng)詞用表示“同意”時(shí)有三種表達(dá)法，with 后接“人” 具體的觀點(diǎn)和看法：opinion, plan, idea等； what引導(dǎo)的從句作及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，agree to do sth. 愿意做 agree that 同意是事實(shí)或應(yīng)當(dāng)如何,B. 短語(yǔ)記憶：according to根據(jù)a lot of/lots of許多add up to加起來(lái)a few一些again and again一再，多次a great deal許多all kinds of各種各樣的a little一些a kind of一種after all畢竟C. 記住下列動(dòng)詞并寫出它們的漢語(yǔ)意思：absorb vt. accept vt.accompany vt.account v. act v. adapt v. add v.admit v.advance v.advise vt.afford vt. aim v.answer v.achieve vt. adopt vt.allow v.,考前知識(shí)清理02,. 語(yǔ)法：時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題 (02)4. 完成時(shí)態(tài)中瞬間動(dòng)詞的處理方法：A. 不合表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用 B. 將瞬間動(dòng)詞變成狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞C. 換用句型It is. since did5. 復(fù)合句中的時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題：A.主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，從句可是任意時(shí)態(tài) B.主句是將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，條件狀語(yǔ)從句中只能用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài) C.主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從句只能是過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)6. 情景中的時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題這是近幾年高考中時(shí)態(tài)考察的重點(diǎn)關(guān)鍵是要對(duì)所提供的情景進(jìn)行仔細(xì)認(rèn)真的分析善于找到判斷時(shí)態(tài)的依據(jù),II. 句型復(fù)習(xí)：Whats wrong (the matter, the trouble) with ?Is there anything wrong (the matter ) with ?There is something (nothing ) wrong (the matter) with?Something (Nothing ) is wrong (the matter) with?in order thatmay (might, can, could,) so thatcan (could, may, might) ;so as to (in order to) do sth.do (try) ones best to do sth.do what (everything, all) you can do sth.what he said all that he saidIII. 詞匯 A. 常用動(dòng)詞用法 (02)look link-v look + adj. (過(guò)去分詞，名詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，)看起來(lái)，look about 四周打量look about for四處尋找look ahead預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)look like看起來(lái)像look as if看起來(lái)好像look well看起來(lái)不錯(cuò),look sb. up and down上下打量某 look at看，望，看待look after照看，照管，照顧，負(fù)責(zé)處理 look back on回顧， look down upon (on)看不起，蔑視 look for找尋，自找（麻煩），look forward to盼望，希望；預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)有;look in作短時(shí)間的訪晤（參觀），look in on拜望，順便來(lái)看望 look into調(diào)查，了解，研究look on旁觀，在旁邊看look on as把看作look out查找，找出；當(dāng)心，注意 look out for當(dāng)心，提防；找尋，注意； look over翻閱，審讀；復(fù)習(xí) look round審視，到處看看；回頭望look through 翻閱，查看；讀一遍 look to 照顧，注意，負(fù)責(zé)look up查出，了解；看望，拜訪 look up and down 上下打量,B. 短語(yǔ)記憶：and so on 等等a number of許多 a set of一套as a result結(jié)果as well as也at any time任何時(shí)候 at first首先 at least至少at once立即at the beginning of開頭，開初C. 記住下列動(dòng)詞并寫出它們的漢語(yǔ)意思：appear vi.apply v.appoint vt.appreciate vt. approach v.approve v.arrange v.assign vt. attack v.attain vt. attemp t vt.attend v.avoid vt.belong vi. bend v.blow v.,考前知識(shí)情理03,I.語(yǔ)法：定語(yǔ)從句1.引導(dǎo)詞的功能：. 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從 . 代替現(xiàn)行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某一句子成分2.引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的連詞用法： 連 詞主 句 中 先 行 詞 是在 從 句 中 充 當(dāng) 的 成 分 是who 人主語(yǔ)whom 人賓語(yǔ)whose 人或物 定語(yǔ)(該詞后要跟名詞)that 人或物主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)which 物 主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)(還可以引導(dǎo)非限 制性定語(yǔ)從句)where 表示地點(diǎn)的名詞 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) (=介詞 + which )when 表示時(shí)間的名詞 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) (=介詞 + which )why reason 原因狀語(yǔ) (= for which ) as 在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中常和suchas，the sameas 等句型連用.在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，可以代替主句中的某一 成分或整個(gè)句子的意義,3. way 后面的定語(yǔ)從句可由in which , that 引導(dǎo)，或者什么都不要4. that 在使用中的特殊要求5. 限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別 6. as 與which在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的三點(diǎn)區(qū)別;as常和know, see, understand, expect等詞連用；可位于句首；常譯為：正如II. 句型復(fù)習(xí)：1. would rather (not) do sth; would rather do sth. than do sth.would rather sb. did (had done) sth; prefer sth. to sth. elseprefer doing sth. to doing sth. else;prefer to do sth. rather than do sth; insist on doing sth. rather than do sth.2. No matter what (whatever) he does;No matter how (However) difficult it is3. to ones surprise (delight,satisfaction,disappointment, joy) What surprises (delights, satisfies, disappoints, pleases) one is,III.詞匯：A. 常用動(dòng)詞用法 (03)appear vi. link-v. = seem 似乎, 顯得appear to do sth. appear + adj.appear + done appear + sth. It appear that.B. 短語(yǔ)記憶：at the edge of在邊緣at the end of 在末尾at the moment此刻 at the same time同時(shí)a variety of 各種各樣的be annoyed at生的氣be busy with 忙于be divided into 分成be fit for 適合 be fond of愛(ài)好 be full of充滿be grateful for感謝be interested in對(duì)感興趣;be known for因出名 be made up of由組成be satisfied with對(duì)滿意,III.詞匯：A. 常用動(dòng)詞用法 (03)appear vi. link-v. = seem 似乎, 顯得appear to do sth. appear + adj.appear + done appear + sth. It appear that.B. 短語(yǔ)記憶：at the edge of在邊緣at the end of 在末尾at the moment此刻 at the same time同時(shí)a variety of 各種各樣的be annoyed at生的氣be busy with 忙于be divided into 分成be fit for 適合 be fond of愛(ài)好 be full of充滿be grateful for感謝be interested in對(duì)感興趣;be known for因出名 be made up of由組成be satisfied with對(duì)滿意,C. 記住下列動(dòng)詞并寫出它們的漢語(yǔ)意思：bother v.build vt. buy vtcease v charge v.change v.check v.choose v. clear v.close v. collect mit pare v.concern vt.consider v.consist vi.,考前知識(shí)清理04 句型復(fù)習(xí)：,4. It seems that sb. do sth. = sb. seems to do sth.It happened that sb. do sth. = sb. happened to do sth.It is said (reported) that sb. do sth.= sb. is said (reported) to do sth. 5. Half of the visitors are Half of the wood is ; Most of the teachers are Most of the water is ; The rest of the books are The rest of the money is One-fourth of the population in the world are Chinese. The population of China is larger that that of any other country in the world.Three-fourths of the workers in the factory are men.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is the sea.A larger number of students are The number of the students in our school is,II. 詞匯 A. 常用動(dòng)詞用法 (04)make make sth. 做，制造 make sb. do sth. 使得make sb. (sth.) donemake sb. (sth.) + adj.make sb. (sth.) + n. make it + adj.(n.) + thatmake it + adj.(n.) + to do sth.make it + adj.(n.) + doing sth.make a dash for 趕往，沖向make a deal with 達(dá)成協(xié)議，做成交易make a decision 作出規(guī)定make a face = make faces做鬼臉，做苦相 make a good effort 作很大的努力make a record 錄制唱片 make a plan for 為作計(jì)劃make a note of注意;記下來(lái) make an impression on 給留下（某種）印象，引人注目make fun of 取笑，和開玩笑，嘲笑make into把做成；使成為，使變成 be made intobe made from由做的（化學(xué)變化） be made of由做的（物理變化）,make it按時(shí)到達(dá)某處,辦事成功,約定時(shí)間,及時(shí)趕上（火車，輪船等）make ones living 維持生活make progress 取得進(jìn)步make out 看清楚，看出，辨識(shí)；理解，明白；開（賬單，收據(jù)等）進(jìn)展；假裝，裝出，把說(shuō)成是make room (for)讓地方，讓位置 make sense有道理，好懂，有清楚的意思make sense of 理解;make sure that.弄肯定，一定要做到；弄確切，弄清make sure of make sure to do sth.一定要做make . to ones own measure 依照某人的尺寸做make up 創(chuàng)造，編造；彌補(bǔ)，把補(bǔ)上；化妝，打扮make up for彌補(bǔ); be made up of 有組成（構(gòu)成）make up ones mind to do sth.打定主意，決定，決心make use of 利用B. 短語(yǔ)記憶：be similar to 與相同be unfamiliar to與不熟悉 be used to V-ing習(xí)慣于,because of因?yàn)?by hand手工做的; carry out 執(zhí)行，進(jìn)行catch up with趕上;clear off清除，跑開;comparewith與比較; concentrate on聚精會(huì)神consist of 包含; deal with 處理，對(duì)付devote oneself to獻(xiàn)身于;die out 絕種divideinto 把分成do harm to 傷害draw a conclusion 得出結(jié)論C. 記住下列動(dòng)詞并寫出它們的漢語(yǔ)意思：construct vt. continue v.contribute v.control vt. convince vt. cost vt.count v. cover vt. create vt.cross v. crowd v.cry v.deal v.decide v.declare v.defend vt.,考前知識(shí)清理05,I. 語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)：狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的連詞：after, as, before, once, since, till, until, when, whenever, while, as long as, as soon as, hardly(scarcely) when, No sooner than, the time (moment, instant, minute, day)備注:1.hardly, no sooner在句首，引導(dǎo)的從句要部分倒裝 2.since引導(dǎo)的從句注意看啟動(dòng)詞是否是瞬間動(dòng)詞還是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 3.when 引導(dǎo)的從句注意其特殊用法 一些名詞也可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的連詞：where , wherever 備注:后者表示強(qiáng)調(diào)引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)的連詞：as, as if, as though,備注:as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句多在句首,引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)的連詞：because, since, as, now (that) 備注:語(yǔ)氣一個(gè)比一個(gè)弱for可以引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，但它只能位于句末引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的連詞:so that, such (a) that, so that, that備注:sothat中的so在句首，主句要部分倒裝引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)的連詞：so that, in order that, that, so,備注:so that 使用最普遍引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)的連詞：if , unless, in case , as long as, 備注:注意分清if從句中是否該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)的連詞：though, although, even if, even though, as, in spite of the fact, while, no matter wh- , 備注:as 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句要倒裝II. 句型復(fù)習(xí)：1. It is + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that .在句型 1 中，將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)如果是人，that可以由who換用如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后，應(yīng)該是一個(gè)完整無(wú)缺的句子這也是與其 它從句區(qū)別判斷的方法,2. It is not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that .句型2 主要用于強(qiáng)凋時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，譯成漢語(yǔ)直到才，可以說(shuō)是 not . until . 的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain.) that .句型3中it 是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，常譯為清楚（顯然，真的，肯定）是主語(yǔ)從句最常見(jiàn)的一種結(jié)構(gòu)III.詞匯：A. 常用動(dòng)詞用法 (05)consider 考慮 consider thatconsider what (how) to do sth. consider doing sth.認(rèn)為 consider that consider sb. (sth.) + sb. (sth.) consider sb.+ adj.把看作是 consider sb. to be consider sb. + p.p.consider sb.+ 介詞短語(yǔ)consider . as 把（某人）看作,B. 短語(yǔ)記憶：eitheror既又 for a moment一會(huì)兒for a while 一會(huì)兒for example 例如for instance例如 from time to time 不時(shí)hand over 遞過(guò)去 in a hurry 匆忙in case萬(wàn)一 in front of在前面in line 排隊(duì) in no mood 無(wú)心思(心情)in other words換言之in spite of盡管 instead of 代替 in the course of 在.期間(過(guò)程)C. 記住下列動(dòng)詞并寫出它們的漢語(yǔ)意思：delay v.delight v.deliver vt.demand vt. deny vt.depend vi.deserve vt. design vt desire vt.destroy vt. determine vt.develop v.devote vt.direct vt.discover vt.discuss vt.,考前知識(shí)清理06,I. 語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)：主謂語(yǔ)一致 01。語(yǔ)法一致原則：是根據(jù)主語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法標(biāo)記決定其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)形式。主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：。意思一致原則：是指主謂語(yǔ)的一致不是根據(jù)其外部語(yǔ)法形式來(lái)決定，而是取決于主語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的內(nèi)在涵義，一般有三種情況。 單數(shù)形式的主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 復(fù)數(shù)形式的主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 同一詞作主語(yǔ)，有時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)有時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)。就近一致原則：即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于最靠近它的詞語(yǔ)。II. 句型復(fù)習(xí)：4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural.) that .句型4中，應(yīng)該記住所列舉的形容詞，并且記住that 后的從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以省去,5. It is said (reported, learned.) that .句型5中的it 仍是形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為“據(jù)說(shuō)（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉）”III.詞匯：A. 常用動(dòng)詞用法 (06)come come to do sth.【解析】該結(jié)構(gòu)意為：“逐漸”后面跟不定式表示作某事的 過(guò)程，所跟的動(dòng)詞常是：like, understand,realize,see，know come to + 名詞來(lái)到（某地） come to + 數(shù)詞加起來(lái)，共計(jì)come to + 名詞談到，涉及到 come to恢復(fù)知覺(jué)；蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)link-v. come + adj. 變得，變成 come + p.p. come to a conclusion做出結(jié)論 come about 發(fā)生、產(chǎn)生，造成come across （偶然）遇到，找到，想到,come to an end結(jié)束 come alone vi.跟上去；快點(diǎn)；進(jìn)行come back回想起 come down vi.下降 come down from 從傳下來(lái)come from來(lái)自，是（某地的）人 come into being (existence)開始存在，建立，產(chǎn)生come into effect (force)開始生效 come near (close) to doing sth.差一點(diǎn)就 come off 從離開，脫落 come on (upon)= come acrosscome out vi. 出來(lái)；出發(fā)、出版、出版；開花，發(fā)芽 come to 共計(jì)、達(dá)到 come true 變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)，實(shí)現(xiàn)come up 抬頭、上來(lái)、上升,走過(guò)來(lái)，到來(lái)；提及，被提出；長(zhǎng)出來(lái),B. 短語(yǔ)記憶：in the distance在遠(yuǎn)處in the future將來(lái) just as正如 lead to 導(dǎo)致lose ones nerves 害怕 no longer不再 no more than同.一樣不 notat all 一點(diǎn)也不noteither也不 no onlybut also 不但而且now and then不時(shí)on board 在船/車上once in a while 偶爾 on vacation度假 out of breath 上氣不接下氣 out of control 失控C. 記住下列動(dòng)詞并寫出它們的漢語(yǔ)意思：engage v.enjoy vt. enter v. express vt. examine vt. excuse vt.exercise v. exist vi. expand v.expect vt.explain v.expose vt.extend v.face v.fail v.fancy v.,考前知識(shí)清理07,I. 語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí):名詞性從句(主語(yǔ)從句,賓語(yǔ)從句, 表語(yǔ)從句, 同位語(yǔ)從句)1.that 在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句中的用法2.whether, if 在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句中的用法區(qū)別3.同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別及判斷4.what在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句中的用法5.賓語(yǔ)從句中否定轉(zhuǎn)移時(shí)應(yīng)該注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題6.賓語(yǔ)從句中使用形式賓語(yǔ)it的問(wèn)題及注意事項(xiàng)7.哪些表語(yǔ)形容詞后可以跟從句,最常用用連詞用法辨析 what: 從句種類:主、賓、表語(yǔ)從句功 用:在從句中充當(dāng)主、賓、表同時(shí)在主句中充當(dāng)主、賓、表語(yǔ)that: 從句種類:主、賓、表、同位語(yǔ)、定、狀 功 用:在名詞性從句中引導(dǎo)從句，不充當(dāng)成分，無(wú)詞意； 定語(yǔ)從句中代替人或物，在從句中充當(dāng)主、賓。表； 在狀語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)目的、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句whether: 從句種類:主、賓、表、同位語(yǔ) 功 用:在從句中引導(dǎo)從句，不充當(dāng)成分，有詞意：“是否”who: 從句種類:主、賓、表、定 功 用:在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)which: 從句種類:主、賓、表、定 功用:在名詞性從句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)，詞意為：“哪一個(gè)”； 在定語(yǔ)從句中代替物，在從句中充當(dāng)主、賓語(yǔ)，與介詞 一起作狀語(yǔ)when: 從句種類:主、賓、表、同位語(yǔ)、定、狀 功 用:在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，詞意為：“在何時(shí)”,Where: 從句種類:主、賓、表、同位語(yǔ)、定、狀 功 用:在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，詞意為：“在何處”how:從句種類:主、賓、表、同位語(yǔ)、狀功 用:在從句中作方式狀語(yǔ)，詞意為：“如何”why: 從句種類: 主、賓、表、同位語(yǔ)、定 功 用:在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，詞意為：“為什么”II. 句型復(fù)習(xí)：6. It is suggested ( ordered . ) that .句型6 中的過(guò)去分詞應(yīng)該是表示請(qǐng)求，建議，命令等詞，that后的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以省常譯為“據(jù)建議；有命令）III.詞匯：A. 常用動(dòng)詞用法 (07)need 需要 need sth; need to do sth; need doing 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：用于否定句，疑問(wèn)句（較少用于肯定句）He neednt go out for such a thing . Need you buy this book ?需要，必要（不可數(shù)）；需要的東西（可數(shù)）a friend in need 患難之交in need of需要,B. 短語(yǔ)記憶：out of sight 看不見(jiàn); over and over 再三;refer to意指，提交since then 從那以后; right away 馬上;run away 跑掉run out 用完，耗盡;side by side肩并肩;regardas把當(dāng)作對(duì)待；認(rèn)為是C. 記住下列動(dòng)詞并寫出它們的漢語(yǔ)意思：distribute vt.disturb vt.double v.draw v. dress v.drive v.drop v.fetch vt. fight v.fill v.finish v.fire v.fit v. fix v. fly v.follow v.,考前知識(shí)清理08,I. 語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)：主謂語(yǔ)一致 02）主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)抽象概念（包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞和名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)），謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。）如果主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，盡管后面跟有：with , together with , as well as , no less than, rather than , like , but , besides , except , as much as, including , along with .等引起的短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍然用單數(shù)。）each , some , any , no , every 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞；one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 , many a , more than one ( a )等所修飾的詞作主語(yǔ)，它們的謂語(yǔ)都用單數(shù)。） people , police, cattle 等詞作主語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù)。） majority , population , class , family , group , team , crowd , audience , army , government, company ,enemy 等集體名詞，按意思一致原則，作為整體，看作單數(shù)；指其中一個(gè)一個(gè)成員，看作復(fù)數(shù)。,II. 句型復(fù)習(xí)：7. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that .句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should以省去表示出乎意料，常譯為“竟然”沒(méi)有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 III.詞匯：A. 常用動(dòng)詞用法 (08)take take sth. 拿，取，帶；吃，喝；占領(lǐng)，贏得；take a look at 看一看 take a nap 小睡 take a taxi 打的 take a job 接受(工作) take a bet 打賭 take a chance 碰碰運(yùn)氣，冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)take a risk 冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn) take a seat坐下take an interest in對(duì)有興趣 take a photograph ( of ) 照一張相be taken up with忙于（某事）；喜歡 take after 長(zhǎng)得像，性格等像take aim 瞄準(zhǔn);take along 隨身攜帶take .as看作，認(rèn)為; take away 拿走；減去；,take back 收回（諾言，話語(yǔ)等）；送還；退（貨） take back to使回想起take care當(dāng)心; take care to do sth.;take care that take care of 照料，料理，照顧；當(dāng)心，注意；處理，對(duì)付take charge (of)負(fù)責(zé)（處理某事或照料某人）；接管ake ill (sick)突然生病; take cold 感冒，傷風(fēng)take control of 控制住，管住; take delight (pleasure) in sth.喜歡（做）某事 take delight (pleasure) in doing sth.take down 拿下來(lái)，取下來(lái)；記下來(lái) take effect 開始起作用；生效takefor (to be) sth.（錯(cuò)）當(dāng)作，以為是takefor granted想當(dāng)然認(rèn)為（會(huì)是某種情況）；認(rèn)為是理所當(dāng)然 take it for granted that; take .for example 以為例take hold of抓?。晃?B. 短語(yǔ)記憶：be willing to do sth.愿意做devote to 把貢獻(xiàn)于go over 復(fù)習(xí) succeed in 成功give off放出（氣味，熱）go by 過(guò)去，依照 work hard at 致力于 set off (vt.) 引起pay off還清take an interest in 對(duì)感興趣 have effect on 對(duì)有影響set out 出發(fā)，開始 have to do with 與有關(guān)believe in 信任set sail 啟航C. 記住下列動(dòng)詞并寫出它們的漢語(yǔ)意思：force vt.forget v. form v.frighten vt. gain vt.gather v. grant vt. greet vt. grieve v.guard v.guess v. guid vt.hand vt.handle vt.hang v.happen vi.,考前知識(shí)清理09,I. 語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)：虛擬語(yǔ)氣1. 條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣(后退一步法)2.wish后賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣(后退一步法)3. 表示建議，請(qǐng)求，命令等詞后賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should 加原形)4. 表語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ)從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should 加原形)5.suggestion，insist后從句中不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的問(wèn)題6. 其它從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣問(wèn)題Would you mind .did.? would rather sb. did sth.It is time that did sth.7. 錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣8. 暗含虛擬語(yǔ)氣問(wèn)題：介詞短語(yǔ)表?xiàng)l件；情境中提供虛擬語(yǔ)氣II. 句型復(fù)習(xí)：8. It is time ( about time ,high time ) that .句型8中that 后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，值得注意的是 用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬 should + 動(dòng)詞原形，should 不能省常譯為是（正是）的時(shí)侯,9. It is the first ( second . ) time that .句型要和句型區(qū)別開來(lái)，該句型中的 that 從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而用完成時(shí)態(tài)，至于用什么完成時(shí)態(tài)，由主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)決定，如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；如果是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，后面從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)該結(jié)構(gòu)中 that 可以省去；it有時(shí)用 this 替換常譯為是第一（二）次10. It is . since .句型主要用作處理瞬間動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)，又要和表示一段時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用的問(wèn)題主句中是時(shí)間作表語(yǔ)，一般是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或完成時(shí)，since 引導(dǎo)的從句一般是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)III.詞匯：A. 常用動(dòng)詞用法 (09)do do a good deed 做件好事 do away with 廢除，破除，取消，消除，干掉do about sth.對(duì)想某種辦法或采取某種行為 do everything (all) one can 盡一切努力，盡力去做 do good做好事,do sb. good (harm) = do good (harm) to sb. 對(duì)有好處（害處）do sb. a favour (kindness)幫一個(gè)忙 do sb. the favour to do sth. (that)幫忙做do ones best = try ones best盡最大的努力do ones bit (duty) 盡一份力（履行職責(zé)，做份內(nèi)的事） do up 收拾，整理，打扮；包，扎，系 do well 做得對(duì)，做得好;do with 處理，安排，多和what連用）do with 想要，需要（多和can連用); do with 受不了，不能（多和cant連用）do something (nothing , anything, little, much) to do with 與.有.關(guān)系 do wonder = work wonder 創(chuàng)造奇跡 do wrong 做壞事、犯罪do sb. wrong = do wrong to sb. 委屈，冤枉某人，做對(duì)不起某人的事B. 短語(yǔ)記憶：be admitted to sp. 被錄取 take by surprise 對(duì)突然襲擊/ 出乎意料,put effort into sth.(致力于) put into prison = send to prison 送入監(jiān)獄clear up(清理，收拾，打掃) do a word puzzle = do a puzzle in words (猜字謎)keep a certain distance away (保持一定的距離)far below (遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于)C. 記住下列動(dòng)詞并寫出它們的漢語(yǔ)意思：imagine vt. impose v.impress vt.improve v. incline v. include vt.increase v. inform v. injure vt.inquire v.insist v.inspire vt.intend vt.interfere vi.introduce vt.invite vt.,考前知識(shí)清理10,I. 語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)：主謂語(yǔ)一致 03）表示時(shí)間、重量、長(zhǎng)度、價(jià)值等的名詞作主語(yǔ)，盡管是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。）or , either . or . , neither . nor . , not . but . , not only . but also. 等連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用就近一致原則。）以 there , here , such 引起的句子，而主語(yǔ)又不只一個(gè)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用就近一致原則。）以what 引起的主語(yǔ)從句，all , most , half , the rest , the remainder 等引起的主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞按意思一致的原則處理。）關(guān)系詞who, that , which 引起的定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該與先行詞在數(shù)和人稱取得一致。但one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + that從句。從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，而the ( only ) one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + that 從句，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。,）當(dāng) the與原級(jí)形容詞連用，表示一類人時(shí)；或某些以-s(es) 結(jié)尾的人名，指一家人、夫妻倆或同名同姓的若干人時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。II. 句型復(fù)習(xí)：11. It is . when .句型中的 when 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句中的 it 指時(shí)間，表語(yǔ)由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)常譯為當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，是12. It be . before .句型中的主句時(shí)態(tài)只有將來(lái)一般時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)主句中的表語(yǔ)多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等時(shí)間常譯為之后13. It happens (seems, appears ) that.句型號(hào)中it是形式主語(yǔ)， that 引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句，主句中的happen , seem是不及物動(dòng)詞III.詞匯：A. 常用動(dòng)詞用法 (10)take take in接受（房客，客人等），留宿；理解，明白；包括，涉及；（把衣服）改小，改瘦；訂閱,take it easy 不要著急；慢慢來(lái) take note of 注意take notes作筆記，記筆記 take notice of 理會(huì)；注意take off 脫下（衣，帽等);起飛；匆匆離開；休假，請(qǐng)假；取消take off ones hat to佩服；敬重 take on接受，從事（工作）；雇用；上車，接受乘客take ones time慢慢來(lái)，從容不迫 take out 取出，使退色；領(lǐng)取take over 接替(職務(wù))；接管 take part in 參加，參與take pity on(upon) 可憐，憐憫take place發(fā)生，舉行take (a) pride in為感到自豪（驕傲） take sth. lying down甘心忍受（而不反抗）take sides ( in ) 站在.一邊 take the chair 擔(dān)任主席 take the place of 代替、取代take trouble to do sth.不辭勞苦的做take to sth.喜歡；養(yǎng)成某種愛(ài)好 take to doing sth. ; take turns to do sth.輪流做.take turns (at) doing sth.,take up開始學(xué)習(xí)（課程），選修；從事；向提出；占用（時(shí)間）；占掉（空間）B. 短語(yǔ)記憶：further education(進(jìn)修) absence of 缺乏 access to .的入口,通路 acquaintance with 相識(shí),了解 action on sth 對(duì).的作用 addition to sth 增加 admission to /into 進(jìn)入,入(場(chǎng),學(xué),會(huì)) admission of sth 承認(rèn) advance in 改進(jìn),進(jìn)步 advantage over 優(yōu)于.的有利條件absence from 缺席,不在answer to .的答案C. 記住下列動(dòng)詞并寫出它們的漢語(yǔ)意思：involve vt.insolate vt.issue vt.join v. judge v.jump vi.knock v.know v. lack v.last vi.laugh vi.lay vt.lead v.learn v.leave v.lend vt.,考前知識(shí)清理11,語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)：名詞1. 名詞的復(fù)數(shù)問(wèn)題：A) 加s的問(wèn)題.B) 加es的問(wèn)題.C) 不規(guī)則的復(fù)數(shù)問(wèn)題.D) 復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)問(wèn)題.2. 名詞的所有格問(wèn)題.A) Jane and Marys room (共有)B) Janes and Marys rooms (不共有)C) at Mr. Greens (家)at the tailors (店鋪)D) 表示物生命東西的名詞,通常用 “of +名詞 ”表示所有關(guān)系.the gate of the school the window of the doorE) 雙重所有格問(wèn)題F) of + 抽象名詞=形容詞 of importance = importantof + great + 抽象名詞 = very + 形容詞 of great importance = be very importantof + no + 抽象名詞 = not + 形容詞 (-less) It is no use . = It is useless.,3. 名詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)一般不用介詞.She kept washing all day. I told you many times. Come this way, please.He can walk 50 miles a day.We waited there two hours.4. 關(guān)于dozen, acore的用法.II. 句型復(fù)習(xí)：14. It takes sb. . to do sth.句型中的不定式是真正的主語(yǔ)，it是形式主語(yǔ)，句型中的直接賓語(yǔ)是時(shí)間常譯為做要花費(fèi)某人15. It is no good (use ) doing sth.句型號(hào)中的真正主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，主句中的表語(yǔ)可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )16. It doesnt matter whether ( if ) .句型常譯為不論（是否）沒(méi)關(guān)系III.詞匯：A. 常用動(dòng)詞用法 (11)have have sth. = have got sth.有； have sth. 吃，喝， have a talk (rest, look at, drink, wash, fight, walk, dream, bath, dance, smokehave a good trip 一路順風(fēng)have a talk with 與談話have a seat 坐下have a test 參加測(cè)驗(yàn)使(做)have sb. do sth.have sb. donehave sb. doing sth.have sb. + 介詞短語(yǔ)副詞 have to 不得不做had better do sth. 最好（做）have a time 過(guò)得haveabout (on) sb. 身邊帶有have a word (a few words) with 和講（幾）句話have an effect on (upon)對(duì)有影響 have difficulty in ( doing ) sth.（做）有困難（麻煩） have pity on 可憐，同情have none of 不允許have on著，帶著有事、有約會(huì)have something to do with 有要做haveto do with和有關(guān)系have sports 進(jìn)行體育活動(dòng)B. 短語(yǔ)記憶：anxiety for sth 渴望 apology to sb for sth 道歉 appeal to sb for sth 懇求,呼吁 appeal for 魅力,吸引力 appetite for 對(duì).的欲望 application 把.應(yīng)用于. C. 記住下列動(dòng)詞并寫出它們的漢語(yǔ)意思：let vt.lie vi.lie v.lift v.light v.love vt.line v.link vt.listen vi.live v. lose vt.maintain vt.make vt.manage v.mark vt.mean vt.,