(江蘇專用)2019高考英語二輪增分策略 專題一 語法知識 第8講 名詞性從句課件.ppt
第8講名詞性從句,專題一語法知識,真題診斷,考點突破,專項訓(xùn)練,內(nèi)容索引,真題診斷,1.By boat is the only way to get here,which is _ we arrived. (2018江蘇,21) A.where B.when C.why D.how,解析,解析考查表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為:坐船是到達(dá)這里的唯一方法,這就是我們?nèi)绾?how)到達(dá)的。where表地點;when表時間;why表原因;how表方式。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,2.Without his support,we wouldnt be _ we are now. (2018北京,11) A.how B.when C.where D.why,解析,解析考查表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)該選C項,where引導(dǎo)表語從句。句意為:假如沒有他的支持,我們就不會取得現(xiàn)在的成就。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,3.This is _ my father has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for the best.(2018北京,15) A.how B.which C.that D.what,解析,解析考查表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。這是一個含有表語從句的復(fù)合句,所選答案在從句中作teach的直接賓語,因此應(yīng)該選D項。how不能用作賓語;which引導(dǎo)表語從句時意為“哪個,哪些”,不合邏輯;that引導(dǎo)表語從句時在從句中不作成分。句意為:這就是父親教我的總是直面困難,并且抱最大的希望。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,4.The gold medal will be awarded to _ wins the first place in the bicycle race.(2018天津,9) A.whomever B.wherever C.whoever D.whatever,解析,解析考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為:金牌將被授予在自行車比賽中獲得第一名的人。介詞to后是賓語從句,從句中動詞wins前缺主語,而且金牌給的是“人”,故用whoever引導(dǎo)賓語從句。whomever在從句中作賓語,故排除。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,5.Every year,_ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.(2017北京,23) A.whatever B.whoever C.whomever D.whichever,解析,解析考查主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為:每年,在風(fēng)箏節(jié)上風(fēng)箏做得最漂亮的人會贏得獎品。whoever無論誰,表泛指,在句中作主語,相當(dāng)于anyone who。whomever在句中只能作賓語,不合題意;whatever任何的事物;whichever無論哪個,無論哪些。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,6.She asked me _ I had returned the books to the library,and I admitted that I hadnt.(2017天津,4) A.when B.where C.whether D.what,解析,解析考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為:她問我是否(whether)已將那些書還給了圖書館,我承認(rèn)還沒還。when什么時候;where在哪里;what什么,均不符合語境。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,7.It is often the case _ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.(2016江蘇,21) A.why B.what C.as D.that,解析,解析考查主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為:通常情況下,對于那些心存希望的人來說,一切皆有可能。本句中的it為形式主語,真正的主語為后面的名詞性從句,從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整,不缺成分,故要用that引導(dǎo)。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8.The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.(2016天津,11) A.whether B.that C.which D.what,解析,解析考查同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為:經(jīng)理提了個建議我們應(yīng)雇個助手。要做的工作太多了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格后的同位語從句用來解釋說明suggestion的具體內(nèi)容,從句中不缺成分且意義完整,故選B項。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,診斷報告,解題方法 兩步定引導(dǎo)詞 1.確定是四種名詞性從句中的哪一種(根據(jù)從句在整個句子中的作用確定) 2.劃分從句的句子成分,理解句意,選擇正確的連接詞。 (1)當(dāng)名詞性從句中缺少主語、賓語或表語時,使用連接代詞。 (2)當(dāng)名詞性從句中主干齊全,根據(jù)句意判斷出缺少狀語時,使用連接副詞。 (3)當(dāng)名詞性從句主干齊全,又不缺少狀語時,使用從屬連接詞引導(dǎo)。,考點突破,考點1what和that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句,1.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to$20,half of_ it used to charge.(2017江蘇,26) A.that B.which C.what D.how,解析考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為:我們選擇這家旅館,因為這里一晚的價格降到了20美元,這是它以前要價的一半。從句意看,本句的half of部分在句中作$20的同位語,由此可知這里要用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句,作介詞of的賓語,同時what在賓語從句中又作charge的賓語,因此選C。,解析,答案,2.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust.(2016北京,29) A.what B.that C.whether D.why,解析,解析考查表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為:雨季最令人愉快的事情是人可以完全不受灰塵的襲擾。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,is后的表語從句中不缺少成分,且句意完整,故選B。,答案,考點歸納,1.what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的五種用法: (1)表示“的東西或事情”: Theyve done what they can to help her. 他們已經(jīng)盡力幫助了她。 (2)表示“的人或樣子”: He is no longer what he was. 他已經(jīng)不是以前的那個樣子了。,(3)表示“的數(shù)量或數(shù)目”: The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before liberation.現(xiàn)在我校學(xué)生的數(shù)量是解放前的10倍。 (4)表示“時間”: The young girl was too frightened to speak,standing there for what seemed like hours. 小女孩嚇得不敢說話,大概在那兒站了幾個小時。 (5)表示“的地方”: In 1492,Columbus reached what is now called America. 1492年哥倫布到達(dá)了現(xiàn)在所稱的美洲大陸。,2.what 與that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時的區(qū)別: 兩者均可引導(dǎo)主語、表語、賓語、同位語從句。what 可在從句中用作主語、賓語或表語,意為“什么”或“所的”,而 that 僅起連接作用,本身沒有實際意義,在從句中也不充當(dāng)任何句子成分(引導(dǎo)賓語從句時通??梢允÷裕绻袃蓚€或兩個以上并列的賓語從句,第一個從句的引導(dǎo)詞that可以省略,其余的不能省略)。 (1)He doesnt know what she likes. 他不知道她喜歡什么。 (2)I believe (that) he will e to see us. 我相信他會來看我們的。,考點2同位語從句,After investigation,the police found out one clue _ voices were heard calling for help from some very distant place that day. A.where B.when C.that D.whose,解析,解析句意為:在調(diào)查之后,警察發(fā)現(xiàn)了一條線索,那天有人聽到遠(yuǎn)處某個地方傳來了呼救聲。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)同位語從句,從句意義、結(jié)構(gòu)完整,應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo),補(bǔ)充說明one clue的具體內(nèi)容。,答案,考點歸納,判斷是同位語從句還是定語從句可以用“加詞”的方法,即在名詞和從句之間加入一個be動詞,如果句子意思成立,則是同位語從句,否則是定語從句。 (1)The notice that the meeting had to be put off was true.(同位語從句) 會議不得不推遲的通知是真的。 The notice was that the meeting had to be put off. (2)The notice that he read just now was true.(定語從句) 他剛才讀的那則通知是真的。,考點3whether和if引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句,It is still under discussion _ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. A.whether B.when C.which D.where,解析,解析考查主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為:老汽車站是否應(yīng)該被一個現(xiàn)代化的賓館代替仍然在討論之中。由or not可知此處應(yīng)用連接詞whether。whether.or not意為“是否”。,答案,考點歸納,whether和if在動詞后的賓語從句中經(jīng)常可以互換,但下列情況常用whether,不用if: (1)從句作介詞的賓語時; (2)與or或or not連用時; (3)引導(dǎo)主語從句、且位于句首時; (4)引導(dǎo)表語從句和同位語從句時。,(1)I didnt know whether/if he would attend the concert. 我并不知道他是否參加音樂會。(動詞后的賓語從句,可用if代替whether) (2)Im interested in whether youve finished the work. 我對你是否完成了這項工作感興趣。(介詞后的賓語從句中,不可以用if代替whether) (3)It remains to be seen whether this plan is practical enough to keep the project going. 這個計劃是否足夠?qū)嵱?,以使這個項目繼續(xù)下去還有待觀察。(主語從句,不可用if代替whether),(4)The question is whether it is worth trying. 問題是它值不值得一試。(表語從句,不可用if代替whether) (5)The question whether the work was worth doing has not been decided.這項工作是否值得做的問題還有待定論。(同位語從句,不可用if代替whether),考點4when,where,how,why引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句,1.Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street,not knowing _ she was heading.(2017北京,26) A.why B.where C.how D.when,解析,解析考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為:簡沿著綠樹成蔭的街道漫無目的地走著,并不知道要去哪里(where)。why為什么;how怎樣;when什么時候。,答案,2._ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. (2015北京,35) A.Where B.How C.Why D.When,解析,解析考查主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為:我們怎樣理解事物與我們所感覺到的東西有很大關(guān)系。 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知“_ we understand things”為主語從句,結(jié)合句意可知選B。,答案,3._ Li Bai,a great Chinese poet,was born is known to the public,but some wont accept it.(2015江蘇,25) A.That B.Why C.Where D.How,解析,解析考查主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為:李白,一個偉大的中國詩人,其出生地是眾所周知的,但也有一些人不接受它?!癢here Li Bai.was born”作該句子的主語,表示“李白出生的地方”。,答案,考點歸納,1.who,why,how,where,when等在從句中既作特定的成分,又有具體的含義,不能省略。大多數(shù)連接副詞表示疑問意義,引導(dǎo)主語從句時,常用it作形式主語。 2.能接以上詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句的動詞很多,常見的有see,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,imagine,suggest,doubt,wonder,show,discuss,understand,inform,advise等。,3.以上詞可引導(dǎo)介詞的賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。 (1)Who will be chosen as the best singer has not been decided. 誰將被選為最佳歌手還沒有決定。 (2)It never occurred to me how tough it was to begin a new life in a strange city.我從來也沒有想過在一個陌生的城市開始新生活是多么困難。 (3)I dont know why it was that our headmaster was absent from such an important meeting. 我不知道到底為什么我們的校長缺席如此重要的會議。 (4)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said,“Thats where I was born.”奶奶指著那個醫(yī)院說:“那就是我出生的地方?!?考點5“疑問詞-ever”引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句,1.Your support is important to our work._ you can do helps. (2016北京,24) A.However B.Whoever C.Whatever D.Wherever,解析,解析考查主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為:你們的支持對我們的工作很重要,無論你們做什么都會有幫助。從句動詞do需要賓語,且引導(dǎo)主語從句,故用whatever,表示“無論什么”。,答案,2.Some people believe _ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.(2014北京,33) A.whatever B.whenever C.wherever D.however,解析,解析考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。believe后是賓語從句且從句中缺少主語,四個選項中只有whatever可以作主語。,答案,考點歸納,whichever,whatever,whoever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,它們本身有詞義,既有連接從句的作用,又在從句中作特定的成分,起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用,意為“無論,不管”。 (1)The club will give whoever wins a prize. 俱樂部將給獲勝者獎勵。(賓語從句) (2)Whoever wants to reach a distant goal must take many small steps. 任何想要實現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)大目標(biāo)的人,都必須一步一步地走。(主語從句),專項訓(xùn)練,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,1.I suspect _ Emily was lying when she described the incident,for I know her well.(2018南通、泰州一調(diào),32) A.whether B.that C.what D.how,解析,解析suspect為“懷疑,猜疑”,引導(dǎo)一個賓語從句,描述的是一件事,用that。I suspect that.我懷疑。根據(jù)句意“我懷疑艾米莉描述這個事件時在說謊”。故選that。,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,2.Now my hometown is not at all _ a traveler who visited it ten years ago can expect. A.that B.what C.which D.where,解析,解析句意為:現(xiàn)在我的家鄉(xiāng)不再是十年前來參觀的游客所想象的那樣了。通過分析句子可知,who visited it ten years ago為修飾a traveler的定語從句,what充當(dāng)expect的賓語,引導(dǎo)整個句子what a traveler who visited it ten years ago can expect作is的表語。,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,3.You should first explore your talents and get to know yourself so as to make a list of _ you think your real interests lie. (2018鹽城中學(xué)段考,30) A.that B.what C.where D.how,解析,解析句意為:你應(yīng)當(dāng)首先開發(fā)你的天賦,了解自己,以便于列出一個你認(rèn)為你真正的興趣所在的地方的名單。此處為where引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,作為介詞of的賓語,同時where在賓語從句中作地點狀語。故選C。,答案,4.The best student of the year shared his experience of _ he had managed to achieve excellence in his preparation for the College Entrance Examination. (2018南京高淳區(qū)、淮海中學(xué)、鹽城中學(xué)、淳輝高中等97校聯(lián)考,32) A.if B.howC.what D.that,解析if是否;how如何;what什么;that無實意。句意為:今年最優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生分享了他在準(zhǔn)備高考時如何做到優(yōu)秀的經(jīng)歷。此處表示如何取得優(yōu)秀的,故選B。,解析,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,5._ says that school years are the best time of ones life is probably an adultone whos forgotten the hard work of being at school.(2018無錫高三上期中,35) A.Whatever B.Whichever C.Whomever D.Whoever,解析句意為:任何說上學(xué)時期是一個人一生中最好的時光的可能是一個成年人一個已經(jīng)忘了在學(xué)校艱苦學(xué)習(xí)的人。這里用whoever引導(dǎo)主語從句指代人。故選D。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,6.Failure is part of life;its wrong for parents to protect their children from the knowledge _ they have failed. (2018丹陽中學(xué)等三校聯(lián)考,30) A.where B.when C.that D.how,解析,解析句意為:失敗是生活的一部分;父母保護(hù)孩子免遭他們已經(jīng)失敗的傷害是錯誤的。此處是that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句,說明knowledge的內(nèi)容。故選C。,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,7.Since livestreaming platforms are _ much of our economys value is created,anything that improves them matters a lot for the new economys overall health.(2018鎮(zhèn)江高三上期末,26) A.when B.where C.what D.that,解析,解析平臺是一個虛擬的地點,即在這個平臺上可以。故選where。,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,8.A ship in harbor is safe,but thats not _ ships are built for. A.what B.that C.why D.how,答案,解析,解析句意為:船停在港口里是很安全的,但是這不是造船的目的。這里是表語從句,表語從句中for缺少賓語,故用what連接表語從句。that連接表語從句的時候,不作成分;why為什么;how怎么。,9.The rent of our flat will see a 20% rise this year? Yes.Thats _ I have promised with the flat owner. (2017南通、揚州、泰州、淮安三模,32) A.what B.where C.how D.when,解析句意為:我們公寓的租金今年會漲20%?是的。那就是我對房東妥協(xié)的地方。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)一個表語從句,從句中缺少地點狀語,應(yīng)用where作地點狀語。故選B項。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,10.The problem _ he will have his college education at home or abroad remains untouched.(2017南京三模,23) A.how B.whether C.that D.when,解析,解析句意為:他將在國內(nèi)還是國外讀大學(xué),這個問題仍未提及。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句是同位語從句,用來解釋說明problem。根據(jù)句意可知,B項符合語境。,答案,