2013年高考英語《Unit 5 First aid》要點(diǎn)梳理+重點(diǎn)突破 新人教版必修5

111必修5Unit 5First aid 要 點(diǎn) 梳 理 高效梳理·知識(shí)備考重點(diǎn)單詞1aid n. & vt.幫助；援助；資助2temporary adj.暫時(shí)的；臨時(shí)的3injury n損傷；傷害injure v受傷4bleed vi. & vt.流血bled(過去式)bled(過去分詞)5choke vi. & vt.(使)噎??；(使)窒息6poison n毒藥；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒poisonous adj.有毒的7variety n變化；多樣(化)；多變(性)various adj.各種各樣的vary v變化8mild adj.輕微的；溫和的；溫柔的mildly adv.輕微地；溫和地9swell vi. & vt.(使)膨脹；隆起swollen adj.腫脹的10squeeze vt. & vi.榨；擠；壓榨11symptom n癥狀；征兆12pour vt. & vi.倒；灌；注；涌13tight adj.牢的；緊的；緊密的tightly adv.緊地14firm adj.(動(dòng)作)穩(wěn)定有力的；堅(jiān)定的firmly adv.堅(jiān)固地；穩(wěn)定地15treat vt. & vi.治療；對(duì)待；款待 n款待；招待treatment n治療；療法；對(duì)待；待遇16apply vt.涂；敷；搽；應(yīng)用；運(yùn)用 vi.申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求；使用；有效applicant n申請(qǐng)人application n申請(qǐng)(書)17pressure n壓力；擠壓；壓迫(感)重點(diǎn)短語1first aid急救2fall ill 生病3prevent.from. 阻止4get burned 燒傷5electric shock 觸電；電休克6squeeze out 榨出；擠出7over and over again 反復(fù)；多次8in place 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢茫贿m當(dāng)9a number of 若干；許多10put ones hands on 找到11make a difference 區(qū)別對(duì)待；有影響；起(重要)作用重點(diǎn)句型1If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible.若燙傷是在胳膊或腿上，如果可能的話，把它們抬得高于心臟。2John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.約翰正在房間里做功課，突然聽到一聲尖叫。3It was Johns quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slades life.正是約翰的快速反應(yīng)和急救知識(shí)救了斯萊德女士的命。4There is no doubt_that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slades life.毫無疑問，是約翰敏捷的思維和在學(xué)校所學(xué)的急救技術(shù)，使得斯萊德女士得救了。高考范文(2008·湖南)請(qǐng)從下列人物中選擇你最喜歡的一位，用英語寫一篇120詞左右的短文。要求根據(jù)所給信息作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，且需包括以下三部分內(nèi)容：1對(duì)該人物的簡單介紹；2喜歡該人物的理由；3從該人物身上得到的啟示。   Thomas EdisonHelen KellerWilliam Shakespeareinventor；creative; diligent；full of wisdomordinary but great woman; disabled；optimistic; eager to learnwriter; talented；imaginative; man of all ages“Genius is onepercent inspirationand ninetyninepercent perspiration.”“.if I had the power of sight for three days.”“Life is a stage.”范文Born in America, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor. He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating. In fact, he was a man full of imagination.I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world. He had more than 1 000 inventions. In his life time, he was always eager to know how things worked, which helped him to earn the nickname “the Wizard of Melo Park”. He was also so diligent that he worked day and night. And this explained why he had so many great inventions.What impresses me most is his famous saying, “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninetynine percent perspiration”. Probably I cannot be an Edison myself, but I can be a hardworking learner. From him, I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you 考 點(diǎn) 探 究 互動(dòng)探究·能力備考.詞匯短語過關(guān)1aid n&vt. 援助；資助；救助first aid 急救give/do/offer sb. first aidgive/do/offer first aid to sb.對(duì)某人進(jìn)行急救with the aid/help of. 在的幫助下without sb.s aid/help 沒有某人的幫助go to ones aid/help 前去幫助某人aid sb. to do sth. 幫助某人做某事aid sb. in/with. 為幫助某人即學(xué)即練1(1)The organization offers economic _ the Third World.這個(gè)組織給第三世界提供經(jīng)濟(jì)援助。(2)Dictionaries are _ learning languages.字典對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)語言有很大的幫助。(3)They _ the poor country _ money.他們用錢幫助那個(gè)窮國。aid toa great aid inaidedwith(4)His workmates _ him _ the difficulty.他的工友們幫助他克服了困難。aidedto overcome2swell v(使)膨脹；增長 (swelled, swollen)n涌浪；海浪的涌動(dòng)swollen adj.腫脹的swell(sth.) into/to sth.(使某物)膨脹，腫脹，增強(qiáng)，增多swell(sth.) with pride/anger etc.洋洋得意/怒氣沖沖等即學(xué)即練2(1)Her face _ (_) with toothache./Her face _ (_) with toothache.她的臉因牙痛而腫了起來。(2)A small business _ a big company.小商店發(fā)展成大公司。(3)Her heart _ as she watched her son receiving his award.看著兒子領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)時(shí)，她心中充滿了自豪。 swelledupwas swollenupswelled intoswelled with pride3squeeze vt. & vi. 榨；擠；壓榨squeeze out榨出；擠出squeeze.out of/from.把從中榨出來squeeze into/through.擠進(jìn)即學(xué)即練3(1)Must you _ the toothpaste tube in the middle？你非得從中間擠牙膏嗎？(2)Try to _ a bit more _ the tube.盡量從管里再擠出一點(diǎn)兒。(3)Five of us _ the back seat of the car.我們中有5個(gè)人擠進(jìn)了汽車的后座。squeezesqueezeout ofsqueezed into4treat vt. 治療；對(duì)待；款待 n款待；招待treat.as/like把當(dāng)做treat sb./oneself(to sth.)請(qǐng)客吃be ones treat由/該某人請(qǐng)客即學(xué)即練4(1)They _ me _ one of the family, which was very kind of them.他們把我作為一個(gè)家庭成員來對(duì)待，他們真是太好了。(2)He is seriously ill, and _in hospital now.他病得很重，現(xiàn)在在醫(yī)院接受治療。(3)Well _ you _ dinner.我們請(qǐng)你吃飯。(4)_. What would you like to eat?我請(qǐng)客，你們想吃什么？treatedasis being treatedtreattoIts my treat5apply vt.涂；敷；搽；應(yīng)用；運(yùn)用vi.申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求；使用；有效apply to適用于apply.to.把應(yīng)用到apply to sb. for.向某人申請(qǐng)apply oneself to(doing) sth.專注于；專心做某事即學(xué)即練5(1)What you said doesnt _ me.你所說的并不適合我。(2)You cant _ this rule _ every case.這個(gè)規(guī)則并不能適用于所有的狀況。(3)She _ a job _ an English teacher.她應(yīng)征英語教師的工作。(4)We had to _ the government _ financial help.我們只好向政府申請(qǐng)財(cái)務(wù)援助。apply toapplytoapplied forasapply tofor(5)He _ learning English.他專心學(xué)英語。applied himself to6fall ill生病fall asleep 睡著，入睡fall behind (競賽等)落在(對(duì)方)后面；輸給別人fall apart 土崩瓦解；(關(guān)系)崩裂，崩潰fall down 從落下；倒下；跌倒；(建筑物等)倒塌；(計(jì)劃等)失敗fall off 下降；跌落fall over 跌倒即學(xué)即練6(1)Caught in a heavy rain, he _ and died.淋了大雨，他生了一場病就死了。(2)Work hard, or we will _.努力學(xué)習(xí)，否則我們就會(huì)落后。(3)He _ his bike while riding.他騎車時(shí)從自行車上摔了下來。fell illfall behindfell off7in place 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?；適當(dāng)out of place 不在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?；不恰?dāng)in the first place 首先，第一in the next place 其次，第二點(diǎn)in place of. 代替take the place of. 代替，取代take ones place 代替某人；就座take place 發(fā)生，舉行g(shù)ive place to 讓位于，為取代即學(xué)即練7(1)She likes everything to be _ before she starts work.她喜歡東西都擺好再開始工作。(2)Her dress was quite _ at the ceremony.在那個(gè)典禮上她的服裝非常得體。(3)I felt completely _ among all those smart rich people.在那些衣冠楚楚的富人中間，我覺得自己完全格格不入。 (4)_ for the next dance.各就各位，準(zhǔn)備跳下一個(gè)舞。in placein placeout of placeTake your places8put ones hands onlay/get ones hands on 找到，得到at hand 在手邊；即將來到by hand 用手做，靠手工from hand to hand 從一人手中傳到另一人手中hand in hand 手拉手，共同地in hand 在手里；在掌握中，在控制下join hands 攜手，聯(lián)手on the one hand., on the other hand. 一方面，另一方面out of hand 無法控制即學(xué)即練8(1)Ill bring some tapes if I can _ them.如果找得到的話，我會(huì)帶幾盒錄音帶來。(2)_， I want to sell the house, but _ I cant bear the thought of moving.一方面我想把房子賣掉，但另一方面我又不愿搬家。(3)Dont worryall the arrangements are _.別擔(dān)心，一切都安排好了。lay my hands onOn the one handon the other handin hand(4)He believes that the great day is _.他相信這個(gè)偉大的日子就要來到了。 at hand9make a difference區(qū)別對(duì)待；有影響；起(重要)作用make no difference(to sb./sth.)對(duì)某人/物沒有作用或影響，對(duì)某人/物不重要/不要緊make some difference(to sb./sth.)對(duì)某人/物有些作用或影響tell the difference分辨，區(qū)分，區(qū)別即學(xué)即練9(1)It _ which way he goes.他走哪條路會(huì)有很大不同。(2)Whether he will come _.他是否來無關(guān)緊要。(3)The twins are so alike. Its difficult to _.這對(duì)雙胞胎長得太像了，很難分出誰是誰。makes a great differencemakes no differencetell the difference.重點(diǎn)句型詳解1If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if_possible. 如果燙傷的部位在臂部或腿部，如果可能的話就要把手臂或腿抬到高于心臟的位置。if possible 為狀語從句的省略，其完整形式為 if it is possible。 If possible, do it by yourself.可能的話，你自己做。If possible, Ill go to Beijing tomorrow.如果可能的話，明天我要去北京。拓展：if so 如果這樣的話if not 如果不是的話if any 如果有的話if necessary 如果必要的話if ever 如果曾經(jīng)有的話即境活用1I hear Bob has been ill in hospital for days._， lets go to see him.AIf everBIf anyCIf possible DIf so答案：D解析：考查省略句 if so“如果這樣的話”。2John was_studying in his room when he heard screaming. 約翰正在屋里學(xué)習(xí)，突然聽到一聲尖叫。when 并列連詞，意為“這時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于 and then。 when 作并列連詞用時(shí)，構(gòu)成并列句，意為“就在這時(shí)，恰恰在這時(shí)”，多用在下列句型中：.be doing.when. 正在這時(shí).be about to do.when. 正打算做這時(shí)be just going to do.when. 正要這時(shí)had just done.when. 剛做了這時(shí)be on the point of doing.when. 正要這時(shí)He was sleeping when there was a knock at the door.他正在睡覺，這時(shí)有人敲門。I was about to go out when someone knocked at the door. 我剛想出門，這時(shí)有人敲門。We had just begun to work when the machine broke down. 我們剛開始工作，這時(shí)機(jī)器壞了。The thief was on the point of putting his hand into the ladys handbag when the bus suddenly stopped.小偷正要把手伸進(jìn)那位女士的手提袋中，這時(shí)公共汽車突然停了。即境活用2The children were playing football happily on the playground _ it began to rain heavily.Aas BwhileCwhen Dsuddenly答案：C解析：句意為：孩子們正在操場上高興地踢足球，這時(shí)天開始下起大雨。易 錯(cuò) 點(diǎn) 撥 自我完善·誤區(qū)備考1. injury/wound/hurt/damage/harm(1)injury指平時(shí)的大、小創(chuàng)傷或傷害，也可用于無生命物。(2)wound指戰(zhàn)斗中刀或槍的創(chuàng)傷、傷口。(3)hurt尤指精神上或感情上的傷害，肉體上的傷痛。(4)damage指損失、損害(不表示傷痛)，主要用于物。(5)harm指精神和肉體上的極大損害，不但可用于生物也可用于抽象事物。應(yīng)用1(1)Too much drinking will do you great _/do great _ to you.過量飲酒有害。(2)He got an _ in the accident.他在事故中受傷。(3)Fires caused by the California Earthquake did the most _.在加利福尼亞大地震中，火災(zāi)造成的損失最大。harmharminjurydamage(4)The soldier had a _ in his chest.這位戰(zhàn)士胸部受傷。(5)My sympathy eased his _.我的同情減輕了他的痛苦。woundhurt2. a number of/the number of同：兩者均修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。異：a number of是指“大量的”，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式。the number of是指“的數(shù)量”，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞是單數(shù)形式。應(yīng)用2(1)_ students in my class is 56.(2)_ our classmates love English.The number ofA number of高 效 作 業(yè) 自我測(cè)評(píng)·技能備考.單詞拼寫1The old man was sent to hospital because of high blood p_.2The cut on my arm b_ a lot when I was hurt yesterday.3As soon as he came back to life from the accident, he called an a_.4The dog was killed by rat p_.pressurebledambulancepoison5He had a badly s_ ankle after falling down from the stairs.6More and more people are riding _ (電的) bikes.7Although I _(倒) it carefully, I spilt some of the oil.8In the crash he suffered severe _(傷) to the head and arms.9The news of the _ ( 輻射) leak caused widespread public alarm.10An old woman was found _ (使窒息) to death.swollenelectricpouredinjuriesradiationchoked .單項(xiàng)選擇1Lets go Dutch for this supper. OK?No, _ this time, as a reward for all your help.Aits up to youBits my treatClets talk about it Dit doesnt matter答案：B解析：句意為：“這頓晚飯讓我們AA制吧?！薄安唬@次由我請(qǐng)客，作為對(duì)你的幫助的回報(bào)。”A項(xiàng)意為“由你做決定”；B項(xiàng)意為“由我請(qǐng)客”；C項(xiàng)意為“讓我們討論一下”；D項(xiàng)意為“沒關(guān)系”。2(2010·湖北百校聯(lián)考)The most successful retired athletes are those who can _ the life skills they learned in sports to another area of life.Acontribute BemployCapply Dengage答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。語意：最成功的退役運(yùn)動(dòng)員當(dāng)屬那些能將自己在體育中學(xué)到的人生技能運(yùn)用到人生的另外一個(gè)領(lǐng)域的人。這里用apply A to B表示“把A應(yīng)用于B”。3What do you think of our next game?A bit worried. We _ it with our two major players _ injured.Ahave lost; / Bwill have lost; beingCwill lose; are Dare losing; /答案：D解析：第一空用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來；第二空為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，過去分詞injured做賓補(bǔ)。4You have to be accurate in this job, because a small mistake can make a big _.Adifference BdifficultyCtrouble Dchange答案：A解析：make a (some, no) difference有(一些，沒有什么)作用；關(guān)系；影響。5On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont _ I noticed a young man holding up a sign reading “Boston”Awhich BwhileCwhen Das答案：C解析：句意為：在一個(gè)雨天我正開車沿Vermont向北行駛，這時(shí)我注意到一個(gè)年輕人舉著一個(gè)寫著Boston的牌子。when這時(shí)。其他選項(xiàng)無此意。6Life is tough in the city. In order to lose their _， some people drink alcohol.Atemper BmoodCconsciousness Dpressures答案：D解析：句意為“在城里生活很艱辛，為了減壓，一些人喝酒”。A.脾氣；B.情緒；C.意識(shí)；D.壓力。7It's a good habit to keep everything _ in your study.Ain the way Bin placeCin hand Din the place答案：B解析：keep.in place 把保存在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢谩n the way 擋道，礙事；in hand 保有，可用；in the place 在這個(gè)地方。8_ most efficient way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _ good knowledge of basic word information.AA; a BThe; /CA; / DThe; the答案：A解析：考查冠詞。第一空 a most efficient way 表示“一種非常有效的方法”，第二空 a knowledge of 指“一門知識(shí)”。9(2010·河北辛集中學(xué)調(diào)研)I think Jack will _ a good monitor, so I'd like to vote for him.Aturn BchangeCmake Delect答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。此處make表示“成為”。假如選擇A項(xiàng)，應(yīng)該去掉句中的不定冠詞。10(2010·江西高安中學(xué))Did you have any trouble finding your way in Shanghai?Yes, I tried to find my way to the airport but _.Ahas been lost Bget lostClost Dgot lost答案：D解析：前面的問句以及tried暗示時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般過去時(shí)，因此選got lost。11(2010·貴陽部分學(xué)校聯(lián)考)The painting is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate _ its price would be.Athat BwhichCwhat D/答案：C解析：考查名詞性從句。這里用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在從句中作表語。這畫太名貴了，很難估量其價(jià)格。12(2010·江西師大附中)_ that we should look after the three dogs three times, my mother left home.AMentioningBHaving been mentionedCHaving mentionedDMentioned答案：C解析：mention這個(gè)動(dòng)作的邏輯主語是mother，首先排除B、D兩項(xiàng)；mention這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在leave之前，故應(yīng)用having done的形式。13There are _ people dancing and singing in the park on May Day.Aa great many Ba great many ofCthe large number of Da great deal of答案：A解析：a great many 修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；a great deal of 修飾不可數(shù)名詞；the number of “的數(shù)量”；a great many of 所修飾的可數(shù)名詞前有 the, these, those 等。14He is always too ready to help others, seldom, _， refusing them when they turn to him.Aif never Bif everCif not Dif possible答案：B解析：句意為：“他很少拒絕別人，如果曾經(jīng)有過的話。”15Tom has practised his part over and over again. _ that he will perform well on the stage.ANo doubt BNo wonderCNo possibility DNo good答案：A解析：句意：湯姆已經(jīng)反復(fù)練習(xí)他的角色多次了。毫無疑問他將會(huì)在舞臺(tái)上有很好的表現(xiàn)。 .完形填空“Are you too stupid to do anything right？” These wordssaid by a woman to a little boy who was obviously her sonwere spoken _1_ he had walked away from her. The boy returned, his eyes downcast.Not a _2_ moment, perhaps, _3_ small moments sometimes last a very long time. And a few wordsthough they mean _4_ at the time to the people who say themcan have great _5_ .I recently heard a story from a man named Malcolm Dalkoff. For the last 24 years he has been a professional _6_. Here is what he told me：As a boy in Rock Island, Dalkoff was terribly _7_ . He had few _8_ and no selfconfidence. One day, his English teacher, Ruth Brach, gave the class an assignment(作業(yè)). The students had been reading To Kill a Mockingbird. Now they were to write their own chapter that would _9_ the last chapter of the novel.Dalkoff wrote his chapter and turned it _10_ . Today he can not recall anything _11_ about the chapter he wrote, or what _12_ Mrs Branch gave him. What he does remember is the four words Mrs. Branch wrote in the margin(空白處) of the paper：“This is _13_ writing.” Four words. They _14_ his life._15_ I read those words, I had no idea of who I was or _16_ I was going to be，”he said.“After reading her note, I went home and wrote a short story, something I had always been _17_ of doing but never believed I could do.” Over the rest of that year in school, he wrote many short stories and always brought them to school for Mrs Branch to evaluate. She was _18_ , tough and honest. “She was just what I _19_，” Dalkoff said.His confidence _20_. Dalkoff believes that none of this would have happened if that woman had not written those four words in the margin of his paper.1A. where B. why C. because D. when2A. wonderful B. difficult C. funny D. big3A. yet B. although C. for D. therefore4A. much B. little C. more D. most5A. meaning B. power C. force D. sense6A. writer B. player C. poet D. singer7A. sorry B. proud C. sick D. shy8A. books B. ideas C. friends D. chances9A. follow B. match C. decide D. improve10A. on B. in C. out D. down11A. more B. again C. special D. different12A. honors B. remarks C. prizes D. grade13A. poor B. serious C. good D. silly14A. changed B. damaged C. affected D. improved15A. Unless B. Until C. When D. While16A. what B. how C. where D. which17A. tired B. fond C. proud D. dreaming18A. strict B. kind C. encouraging D. praising19A. feared B. needed C. expected D. loved20A. grew B. lifted C. appeared D. returned答案及解析：1. C。媽媽說氣話是“因?yàn)椤毙『乃磉呑唛_了。2. D。從后句中的small moments推出。3. A。根據(jù)句意表轉(zhuǎn)折。4. B。有時(shí)候幾句話對(duì)說話者沒什么關(guān)系或影響，但對(duì)聽話者有時(shí)候有很大的影響。5. B。meaning是“意思，含義”，power表“影響力”。6A。根據(jù)后文可知道Dalkoff是職業(yè)作家。7D。根據(jù)后文小男孩沒有朋友，沒有自信可推斷他“害羞”。8C。9A。接著小說的最后一章再自己寫一章。10B。turn in“上交”。11C。現(xiàn)在他不記得自己所寫的特別之處，也不記得老師所給的分?jǐn)?shù)。12D13C。老師贊揚(yáng)他的文章。14A。老師對(duì)他的肯定評(píng)價(jià)改變了他的一生。15B。考查not.until.句型。16A。直到讀了這幾個(gè)字我才知道我是誰，我今后要干什么。17D。寫故事是我一直夢(mèng)想但又從來不相信我能做的事。18C。根據(jù)前文知道老師是一個(gè)“給人鼓勵(lì)”的人。19B。Dalkoff從小是個(gè)害羞的人，如果沒有這個(gè)老師，沒有這個(gè)老師的鼓勵(lì)肯定，Dalkoff的一生就不會(huì)有改變，所以“老師正是他所需要的”。文章沒談到對(duì)老師的“愛”，所以排除D。20A。grow“增加”。.短文改錯(cuò)Time flies as an arrow. I'm already in the second half 1._of senior grade 3 before I realized it. It is only a little more 2._than three months before I graduate middle school.3._At the present, I'm busy reviewing my lessons in order to 4._aslikerealizedrealizegraduate后加from去掉thetake the college entrance examination. I hope to go to 5._Beijing University, that is one of the best universities not 6._only in China but also in the world. I'll try my best to turn 7._my dream to reality. Most of my classmates are also 8._examinationexaminationsthatwhichtointo studying very hard to realize our wishes. I do believe everyone 9._will be able to enter a very good university and college. 10._ourtheirandor111