(浙江專用)2019高考數(shù)學(xué)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 指導(dǎo)三 回扣溯源查缺補(bǔ)漏考前提醒 2 函數(shù)與導(dǎo)數(shù)課件.ppt
2.函數(shù)與導(dǎo)數(shù),答案2,),解析要使函數(shù)f(x)有意義,則log2x10,即x2,則函數(shù)f(x)的定義域是2,).,答案x22x(x0),4.函數(shù)的奇偶性若f(x)的定義域關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱,f(x)是偶函數(shù)f(x)f(x)f(|x|);f(x)是奇函數(shù)f(x)f(x);定義域含0的奇函數(shù)滿足f(0)0;定義域關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱是函數(shù)為奇函數(shù)或偶函數(shù)的必要不充分的條件;判斷函數(shù)的奇偶性,先求定義域,若其定義域關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱,再找f(x)與f(x)的關(guān)系.回扣問題4(1)若f(x)2x2xlga是奇函數(shù),則實(shí)數(shù)a_.(2)已知f(x)為偶函數(shù),它在0,)上是減函數(shù),若f(lgx)f(1),則x的取值范圍是_.,答案(1)(,0),(0,)(2)D,答案(0,1),8.函數(shù)圖象的幾種常見變換(1)平移變換:左右平移“左加右減”(注意是針對(duì)x而言);上下平移“上加下減”.(2)翻折變換:f(x)|f(x)|;f(x)f(|x|).(3)對(duì)稱變換:證明函數(shù)圖象的對(duì)稱性,即證圖象上任意點(diǎn)關(guān)于對(duì)稱中心(軸)的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)仍在圖象上;函數(shù)yf(x)與yf(x)的圖象關(guān)于原點(diǎn)成中心對(duì)稱;函數(shù)yf(x)與yf(x)的圖象關(guān)于直線x0(y軸)對(duì)稱;函數(shù)yf(x)與函數(shù)yf(x)的圖象關(guān)于直線y0(x軸)對(duì)稱.,答案(1)(2,3)(2)(0,1),9.二次函數(shù)問題(1)處理二次函數(shù)的問題勿忘數(shù)形結(jié)合.二次函數(shù)在閉區(qū)間上必有最值,求最值問題用“兩看法”:一看開口方向,二看對(duì)稱軸與所給區(qū)間的相對(duì)位置關(guān)系.(2)二次函數(shù)解析式的三種形式:一般式:f(x)ax2bxc(a0);頂點(diǎn)式:f(x)a(xh)2k(a0);零點(diǎn)式:f(x)a(xx1)(xx2)(a0).,(3)一元二次方程實(shí)根分布:先觀察二次項(xiàng)系數(shù),與0的關(guān)系,對(duì)稱軸與區(qū)間的關(guān)系及有窮區(qū)間端點(diǎn)函數(shù)值符號(hào),再根據(jù)上述特征畫出草圖.尤其注意若原題中沒有指出是“二次”方程、函數(shù)或不等式,要考慮到二次項(xiàng)系數(shù)可能為零的情形.回扣問題9關(guān)于x的方程ax2x10至少有一個(gè)正根的充要條件是_.,答案A,答案(1)D(2)當(dāng)a1時(shí),(0,);當(dāng)0a1時(shí),(,0),答案B,13.導(dǎo)數(shù)的幾何意義函數(shù)yf(x)在點(diǎn)x0處的導(dǎo)數(shù)的幾何意義:函數(shù)yf(x)在點(diǎn)x0處的導(dǎo)數(shù)是曲線yf(x)在P(x0,f(x0)處的切線的斜率f(x0),相應(yīng)的切線方程是yy0f(x0)(xx0).注意過某點(diǎn)的切線不一定只有一條.回扣問題13已知函數(shù)f(x)x33x,過點(diǎn)P(2,6)作曲線yf(x)的切線,則此切線的方程是_.,答案3xy0或24xy540,15.利用導(dǎo)數(shù)判斷函數(shù)的單調(diào)性:設(shè)函數(shù)yf(x)在某個(gè)區(qū)間內(nèi)可導(dǎo),如果f(x)0,那么f(x)在該區(qū)間內(nèi)為增函數(shù);如果f(x)0,那么f(x)在該區(qū)間內(nèi)為減函數(shù);如果在某個(gè)區(qū)間內(nèi)恒有f(x)0,那么f(x)在該區(qū)間內(nèi)為常函數(shù).注意如果已知f(x)為減函數(shù)求字母取值范圍,那么不等式f(x)0恒成立,但要驗(yàn)證f(x)是否恒等于0.增函數(shù)亦如此.,回扣問題15函數(shù)f(x)x3ax2在區(qū)間(1,)上是增函數(shù),則實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是()A.3,)B.3,)C.(3,)D.(,3),答案B,16.導(dǎo)數(shù)為零的點(diǎn)并不一定是極值點(diǎn),例如:函數(shù)f(x)x3,有f(0)0,但x0不是極值點(diǎn).回扣問題16函數(shù)f(x)x33x23xa的極值點(diǎn)的個(gè)數(shù)是()A.2B.1C.0D.由a確定,答案C,