初中英語比較級的用法.ppt

形容詞和副詞的 比較級和最高級,形容詞：是修飾名詞（人或事物），表示名 詞的性質(zhì)，特征或?qū)傩砸环N詞類。 它在句中作定語、表語和賓語補足語。,副詞：用來修飾動詞、形容詞及其他副詞 的詞叫副詞。副詞在句中多作狀語.,一、形容詞和副詞的概念,形容詞作定語一般放在被修飾 的名詞之前。 如: a new book, two big trees 等。,二、形容詞和副詞的用法,形容詞放在系動詞be 、look、 get、 keep、turn、feel、become、seem、 grow、 smell等之后。 如:1.I am short. 2.She looks fine. 3.They turn green.,如果形容詞修飾不定代詞something, anything, everything, nothing等時，要放在不定代詞后面。 如:something interesting nothing new,副詞放在所修飾的動詞之后、形容詞和副 詞之前。如果前面是行為動詞，則后面用副詞。 如: 1.She works hard .（修飾動詞） 2.I am very busy.（修飾形容詞） 3.He runs too quickly .（修飾副詞） 4.We play happily. （修飾動詞）,通常在形容詞后加-ly變成副詞。,slow _ real _ usual _ careful_ easy _ happy _ heavy _ angry _,slowly,usually,easily,heavily,really,carefully,happily,angrily,big,bigger,Look at the pictures and understand 看圖并理解,Look at the pictures and understand 看圖并理解,big,bigger,biggest,fast,Look at the pictures and understand 看圖并理解,fast,faster,Look at the pictures and understand 看圖并理解,fast,faster,fastest,Look at the pictures and understand 看圖并理解,三、形容詞和副詞的級,形容詞和副詞有三個等級： 原級、比較級、最高級 1.原級：即形容詞和副詞的原形。 small, good, pretty, big, many hard, happily, slowly, quickly 程度副詞very,too,so,quite等修飾形容詞和副詞的原級。 如：very tall、 too hot、 so cold quite interesting run quickly, asas ,(與一樣） not as（so)as （與不一樣）中間用原級。 The story is as interesting as that one. The question is not as / so difficult as that one.,2.比較級：兩個人或物之間的比較。表示“較”或“更一些”。標志詞：than (比） 單音節(jié)詞通常是-er結(jié)尾；多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)詞通常在之前加more. 如:smaller, better, taller, older, more, harder more interesting , more quickly,3.最高級：三個或三個以上的人或物之間 的比較。 標志詞：in+大范圍, of all, of +the+具體的數(shù)字 表示“最”的意思。（兩者以上用最高級） 單音節(jié)詞通常是-est結(jié)尾；多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)詞通常在之前加most. 在形容詞的最高級前必須加the;副詞之前可以不加。如 ：smallest, tallest, newest, best most interesting, most difficultly,單音節(jié)和少數(shù)多音節(jié)的形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級 的構(gòu)成分規(guī)則和不規(guī)則。變化如下：,不規(guī)則變化，要多加注意哦！,good bad many little ,well badly much far ,better,best,worse,worst,more,most,less,least,better,best,farther,farthest,worse,worst,more,most,important _ _ easy_ _ wet_ _ happy_ _ careful _ _ thin _ _ good_ _ hot _ _ easily _ _ many_ _ nice _ _ big _ _ heavy_ _ delicious_ _ much_ _,給出下列詞的比較級和最高級,more important,most important,easier,easiest,wetter,wettest,happier,happiest,more careful,most careful,thinner,thinnest,better,best,hotter,hottest,more easily,most easily,more,most,nicer,nicest,bigger,biggest,heavier,heaviest,more delicious,most delicious,more,most,More examples: 1.Mary is cleverer than her little sister. 2.The new building is higher than the old one. 3.His shirt is more expensive than mine. 4.Kate is more beautiful than Lily is. 5.She is five years older than I am. 6.He is 2 centimeters taller than her. 7.This ruler is 20 centimeters longer than that one.,比較級的用法： than 1.湯姆比杰克高. 2.這只箱子要比那只箱子大. 3.那些蘋果比這些大. 4.第一個問題很容易,但第二個更容易.,Tom is taller than Jack.,This box is bigger than that one.,Those apples are bigger than these ones.,The first question is very easy, but the second one is easier.,(2) 數(shù)量的比較 1.我的筆比你的多. 2.我喝的茶比他多. 3.他吃的飯比我少. 4.一班的學(xué)生比二班多.,I have more pens than you (do).,I drink more tea than he (does).,He has less rice than I (do).,There are more students in Class 1 than in Class 2.,More examples: 1.He is the youngest of all the children. 2.This book is the most interesting of all books. 3.America is the most developed country in the world. 4.The Changjiang River is the longest river in China. 5.He is one of the greatest scientists in China. 6.The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. 7.Lucy is one of the tallest girls in her class. 8.Give my best wishes to you. 9.He is my best friend.,形容詞最高級的用法 (in; of) 那個短發(fā)的女孩是我們班最高的. 今天是一年中最熱的一天. 他的房間是三個中最干凈的一個. 上海是中國最大的城市.,The girl with red hair is the tallest in our class.,Today is the hottest day of the year.,His room is the cleanest of the three.,Shanghai is the largest in China.,注意,1.The new building is higher than the old one.,Those apples are bigger than these ones.,2.His shirt is more expensive than mine.,如果主語是物主代詞+名詞，那么后面要用 名詞性物主代詞。,比較級必須在同類中進行，即人與人比， 物與物比，而且比較結(jié)構(gòu)前后的詞語要對稱， 特別注意在than或 as 之后不要漏掉可能出現(xiàn) 的替代詞 that ，those, one ,ones.,注意,3.Kate is more beautiful than Lily is. She is five years older than I am.,I drink more tea than he (does).,than前后句子的時態(tài)相同。通常用be動詞 情態(tài)動詞can, may, must, could, should和助動 詞do, does ,did, will，have等來簡答。,4.I have more pens than you (do).,many,much,little,few等詞必須帶名詞。,注意,5.The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.,one of+ the+最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞,Which/Who+ 比較級，A or B? Which/Who+ 最高級，A ，B or C?,6.Who is older, Jim or Tom ? Who is the tallest, Jim , Mike or Tom,Which language is _ , English, French or Chinese? A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult,C,注意,7. Mary is the tallest of all the sisters in the family .,在使用形容詞最高級時，一定要把自己包括 在比較的范圍內(nèi)。,8.This is the third largest city in China .,當表示“第二，第三”等意思時，經(jīng)常在最高 級的前面加second, third,等詞。,9.Its our largest machine in our factory.,當最高級前有物主代詞修飾時，其前不加 定冠詞the.,雙音節(jié)或多音節(jié)形容詞和副詞的比較級 和最高級的特殊情況：,1、一般是在原級前加more構(gòu)成比較級，在原級前加most構(gòu)成最高級。 beautiful more beautiful most beautiful interesting more interesting most interesting dangerous more dangerous most dangerous 2、某些單音節(jié)形容詞，加more, most 構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。 glad more glad most glad pleased more pleased most pleased tired more tired most tired often-more often- most often,3、表示在兩者之間相差的程度用“具體數(shù)字+比較級+ than+ 比較對象”。 eg: The road is two metres longer than that one . 這條公路比那條公路長兩米。 This pencil is four inches shorter than that one . 這只鉛筆比那只鉛筆短四英寸。 4、有些雙音節(jié)和單音節(jié)形容詞，既可以加er或est構(gòu)成比較級和最高級，也可以加more 和most構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。 friendly huge calm free true clever,5、形容詞原級的比較。 形容詞的原級與asas連用表示肯定意思，是“和一樣”的意思；與not as/ so as連用表示否定意義，是“不如”或“不一樣”的含義。 She is as pretty as her mother. The book is as new as that one. The story is as interesting as that one. The question is not as / so difficult as that one. My bike is not as / so good as yours.,6、形容詞比較級的修飾。比較級前面可以用even(更加)，much(得多)，far(得多)，a little(一點)，a bit(一點)，a lot(大量)，still(還，還要)等詞語表示不定程度或數(shù)量。 eg: I am even less lucky. She is far better than me at writing. This pen is much better than that one. Tom is a little shorter than his friend Jim.,7. 形容詞的比較級 + and + 形容詞的比較級 （前后形容詞是同一個） 越來越 She is becoming thinner and thinner. Our country is becoming richer and richer. There are more and more students in our school. Living in the world is becoming more and more difficult.,8、the + 形容詞的比較級 + + the +形容詞的比較級 表示“ 越，就越” The more you eat, the fatter you will be. The harder you study, the more you will get. The smaller the house is, the less it will cost. The sooner, the better.,9、the + 形容詞比較級 + of 短語 兩者中比較的一個 She is the prettier of the two girls. The bike is the older of the two. His is the taller of the two. This one is the more beautiful of the the two picture.,10.表示“是的幾倍”，用“倍數(shù)+as+原級+as”結(jié)構(gòu)，或者“倍數(shù)+比較級+than”結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg: This classroom is three times as big as that one. This classroom is twice bigger than that one.,Make Comparisons,Write down the comparatives and the superlatives of these words big nice long new cheap young late safe thirsty heavy easy hard high few old thin expensive interesting carefully quickly good bad little far many/much,隨堂練習(xí),1、-Mr Zhou, all of the students in our group, who lives _? -I think Li Lei does. A. fat B. father C. farthest D. farest 2、The Changjiang River is _ than any other river in China. A. shorter B. longer C. shortest D. longest 3、Bob never dose his homework _ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as 4、_ she is, _ she feels. A. The more busy, the more happy B. The busy, the happy C. Busier, happier D.The busier, the happier 5、The weather is getting w_ a_ w_ .(越來越糟糕),C,B,B,D D,orst nd orst,。,Have a try，please。,1.Which do you like _(well),apples or oranges? 2.Who is _(old),Jim or Tom ? 3.Jack is running _ and _(fast) . 4.Our country is becoming _and _ (beautiful). 5.He is _(tall) of the the two boys.,better,older,faster,faster,more,more beatiful,the taller,4.Find out the mistakes in the sentences below. All of us felt happily at her birthday party. I am more older than Harry.,3. Her coat is newer than you. 4. The weather in Beijing is colder than in Xiamen.,5. Sue is one of the tall girls in her class.,happy,much,yours.,that ,tallest ,Good-bye,