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新人教版七年級下冊英語知識點歸納總結(jié).doc

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新人教版七年級下冊英語知識點歸納總結(jié).doc

新目標(biāo)英語七年級下冊知識點總結(jié)Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?1, 情態(tài)動詞+V原 can do= be able to do2, Play+ the+ 樂器 +球類,棋類3, join 參加社團(tuán)、組織、團(tuán)體4, 4個說的區(qū)別:say+內(nèi)容 Speak+語言 Talk 談?wù)?talk about sth talk with sb talk to sb Tell 告訴,講述 tell sb (not)to do sth Tell stories/ jokes5, want= would like +(sb)to do sth6, 4個也的區(qū)別:too 肯定句末 (前面加逗號) Either否定句末(前面加逗號) Also 行前be 后 As well 口語中(前面不加逗號)7, be good at+ V-ing=do well in 擅長于 be good for 對有益 (be bad for對有害) be good to 對友好 (good 可用friendly,nice,kind替換) be good with和相處好=get on/ along well with8, 特殊疑問句的構(gòu)成:疑問詞+一般疑問句9, How/ what about+V-ing 怎么樣?(表建議)10,感官動詞(look, sound, taste, smell, feel)+adj/ like11,選擇疑問句:回答不能直接用Yes或者No,要從中選擇一個回答12,students wanted for school show(wanted表示招募,含有被動意義)13,show sth to sb=show sb sth give sth to sb=give sb sth14,help sb (to)do sthHelp sb with sthWith sbs help= with the help of sbHelp oneself to 隨便享用15,be busy doing sth/ be busy with sth16,need to do sth17,be free= have time18,have friends= make friends19,call sb at +電話號碼20,on the weekend= on weekends21,English-speaking students 說英語的學(xué)生(帶有連詞符,有形容詞性質(zhì))22,do kung fu表演功夫Unit 2 What time do you go to school?1, 問時間用what time或者whenAt+鐘點 at 7 oclock at noon/ at night(during/ in the day)On+ 具體某天、星期、特指的一天 on April 1st on Sunday on a cold winter morningIn +年、月、上午、下午、晚上2, 時間讀法:順讀法 逆讀法:分鐘30用past five past eight(8:05) half past eight(8:30) 分鐘30用to a quarter to ten(9:45) 整點用 oclock 7 oclock(7:00)3,3個穿的區(qū)別:wear 表狀態(tài),接服裝、手套、眼鏡、香水等 Put on 表動作,接服裝 Dress 表動作,接sb/ oneself get dressed穿衣3, 感嘆句:How+adj+主謂! How+adj+a/an +n單+主謂! What+ a/an +adj+ n單+主謂! What+ adj+ n復(fù)/ 不可數(shù)+主謂!4, fromto5, be/ arrive late for6, 頻度副詞(行前be 后)Always usually often sometimes seldom hardly never7,一段時間前面要用介詞for for half an hour for five minutes8, eat/ have for breakfast/ lunch/ dinner/ supper9, eitheror10,a lot of=lots of11,it is +adj+for sb +to do sth (adj修飾to do sth)It is important for me to learn English.it is +adj+of sb +to do sth (adj修飾sb) It is kind/ friendly/ nice of you to help me.Unit 3 How do you get to school?1, 疑問詞 How 如何(方式)how long 多長(時間)答語常用“(For/ about +)時間段”how far多遠(yuǎn)(距離)答語常用“(Its +)數(shù)詞 +miles/ meters/ kilometers”how often多久一次(頻率)答語常用“Always/ often/ every day/”或 “次數(shù)+時間”等表頻率的狀語How soon多快,多久以后,常用在將來時中。答語常用“in +時間段”how many多少(接可數(shù)名詞) how much(接不可數(shù)名詞)why為什么(原因) what什么 when何時 who誰 whom誰(賓格)(針對賓語提問也可用who) whose誰的2, 賓語從句要用陳述句語序3, Stop sb from doing sthStop to do 停下來去做其他事Stop doing 停止正在做的事4, what do you think of/ about?= how do you like?你認(rèn)為怎么樣?5, He is 11 years old.He is an 11-year-old boy.6, many students= many of the students7, be afraid of sth be afraid to do sth worry about be worried about 擔(dān)心8, play with sb9, come true10,have to do sth11,he is like a father to me (like像)12,leave離開 leave for 出發(fā)前往某地13,cross 是動詞 across是介詞14,thanks for +n/ V-ingThanks for your help/ thanks for helping me.Thanks for your invitation/ thanks for inviting/ asking me.Thanks to幸虧,由于,因為15,4個花費:人+spend/ spends/ spent+時間/錢+(in)doing sth/ on sth 人+pay/ pays/ paid +錢+for sth It takes/ took sb +時間+to do sth 物+cost/ costs/ cost +sb +錢16,交通方式用介詞。在句子中做方式狀語。by +交通工具名詞(中間無需任何修飾)By bus/ bike/ car/ taxi/ ship/ boat/ plane/ subway/ trainby +交通路線的位置By land/ water/ sea/ airin/ on +冠詞/物主代詞/指示代詞 +交通工具名詞In a/ his/ the carOn a/ his/ the bus/ bike/ship/ train/ horse/ motorbikeon foot 步行用動詞。在句子中做謂語。take + a/ the +交通工具名詞take a bus/ plane/ ship/ train ride a bikewalk/ drive/ ride/ fly to(后面接here,there,home等地點副詞時,省略介詞to。)如步行回家:walk home17,名詞所有格一般情況加s Toms pen以s結(jié)尾加 the teachers office ten days holiday表示幾個人共同擁有,在最后一個名詞后加s Mike and Johns desk表示每個人各自擁有,在每個名詞后加s Mikes and Johns desksUnit 4 Dont eat in class.1,祈使句(變否定在句首+dont)Be型(be +表語),否定形式:dont + be +表語 Be quiet,please. Dont be late!Do型(實義動詞+其他),否定形式:dont +實義動詞+其他Come here,please. Dont play football here.Let型(let sb do sth),否定形式:dont + let sb do sth或者let sb not do sth No+n/ V-ing No photos /mobile;No parking/ smoking/ spitting/ talking/ picking of flowers2,in class在課堂上 in the classroom 在教室3,be on time準(zhǔn)時4,listen to music5,(have a)fight with sb7, eat outside8, Must 與have to (1)must 表示說話人主觀上的看法,意為“必須”。 have to 表示客觀的需要或責(zé)任,意為“不得不,必須”,后接動詞原詞。(2)must沒有人稱,時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化Have to 有人稱,數(shù),時態(tài)的變化,其第三人稱單數(shù)形式為 has to ,過去式為had to. 構(gòu)成否定句或疑問句時借助動詞do/ does。(3)have to的否定式是neednt=dont / doesnt have to (不必要);must的否定式是must not/ mustnt(一定不能,不允許)。9, Some of 10,bringto11,practice (doing)sth12,wash/ do the dishes13,on school days/ nights14,break/ follow(obey)the rules15,Be strict with sb/ oneself be strict in sth對嚴(yán)格。16,too many“太多”修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)too much“太多”修飾不可數(shù)名詞much too“實在太”修飾形容詞或副詞17,make ones/ the bed18,get to, arrive in/at, reach,到達(dá)(如果后面接地點的副詞home,here或there ,就不用介詞in ,at, to)19,remember/ forget+to do要做 +doing做過20,have fun,enjoy oneself,have a good/ great/ wonderful time+V-ingUnit 5 Why do you like pandas?1, 回答why的提問要用because2,Kind of 相當(dāng)于副詞,修飾形容詞或副詞,意為“稍微,有點”,與a little/ bit 相近A kind of 意為“一種”,some kinds of 意為“幾種”,all kinds of 意為“各種各樣的”。這里的kind 是“種,類,屬”的意思。3,Why not =Why dont you+V原 你為什么不?4,walk on ones legs/ hands on 意為“用方式行走”5,all day =the whole day整天6,來自be/ come from where do they come from?=where are they from?7,more than=over超過 less than 少于8,once twice three times9,be in great danger10,one of 之一 +名詞復(fù)數(shù)11,get lost12,with/ without 有/ 沒有 介詞13,a symbol of14,由制造 be made of能看出原材料 be made from 看不出原材料 be made in+地點 表產(chǎn)地15,cut down 砍到 動副結(jié)構(gòu)(代詞必須放中間,名詞可放中間或者后面)Unit 6 Im watching TV.1,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時其結(jié)構(gòu)為be的現(xiàn)在式(am, is, are)+ 現(xiàn)在分詞(V-ing)。否定形式在be后面加not,疑問式將be動詞提前2,動詞-ing形式的構(gòu)成:一般情況+ing;以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的,去e加ing;重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,末尾只有一個輔音字母,雙寫輔音字母再加ing3, go to the movies4, join sb for sth與某人一起做某事 join us for dinner5, live with sb live in+地點6, other,another與the otherOther “其他的,另外的”,后接名詞復(fù)數(shù),有時other+n復(fù)數(shù)=othersAnother “又一(個),另一(個)”,泛指總數(shù)為三個或三個以上中的任意一個,后接名詞單數(shù)。The other“(兩者中的)另一個”,常與one連用,“onethe other”表示“一個,另一個”7, talk on the phone8, wish to do sth9, Here is+ n單 Here are+ n 復(fù)Unit 7 Its raining!1. 詢問天氣的表達(dá)方式:Hows the weather?Its a raining/sunny day. Its raining.Whats the weather like?Its windy.2, play computer games3, Hows it/ everything going?=How have you been?4, In/ at the park5, Take a message for sb 替人留言Leave a message to sb 給人留言6, call sb back7, right now,right away,at once,in a minute,in a moment,in no time 立刻,馬上8, right now現(xiàn)在 just now剛剛(用于一般過去式)9, over and over again10,the answer to the question,a key to the door,a ticket to the ball game11,by the pool12,summer vacation13,go on a vacation去度假 be on a vacation在度假14,write (a letter)to sb15,反意疑問句(陳述句+附加疑問句)反意疑問句中,陳述句用的肯定,后面的附加疑問句就要用否定;相反,陳述句用的否定,附加疑問句就要用肯定。16,adj 以-ing結(jié)尾“令人的”exciting,interesting,relaxing 以-ed結(jié)尾“人感到的”excited,interested,relaxed17,in the first picture18,dry干燥的 humid潮濕的Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?1,There is +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+ 地點狀語.There are +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+地點狀語. 謂語動詞要與跟它最近的那個名詞一致(就近原則)。 There be句型的否定式在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同:not是副詞,no為形容詞,not a/an/any + n. 相當(dāng)于no+ n.There be句型的一般疑問句變化是把be動詞調(diào)整到句首There be表示“某處存在某物或某人”;have表示“某人擁有某物/某人”2,問路:Is/ Are there near here/ around here/ in the neighborhood?Where is/ are?How can I get to?Could/Can you tell me the way toWhich is the way to3,Across,cross,through,overAcross是介詞,“橫過,在對面”表示從物體表面穿過 Cross是動詞,相當(dāng)于go/ walk acrossThrough是介詞,表示從物體中間或里面穿過 go through the doorOver是介詞,“橫過,越過”表示從物體上空越過,跨過 fly over4,ask for help/ advice5,in/ on the street6,在某條大街上習(xí)慣用介詞on on Bridge Street7,across from,next to,betweenand,behind8,in front of在(外部的)前面behind在后面 in the front of在(內(nèi)部的)前面9,be in townbe out of town10,be far from11,go/ walk along go straight go up/ down12,turn left/right13,on ones/ the left14,at the first crossing/ turning15,sometimes 有時(頻度副詞) sometime(將來)有朝一日,(曾經(jīng))某天 Some times 幾次,幾倍 some time 一段時間(前面用介詞for)16,free 空閑的 free time 自由的 as free as a fish 免費的 The best things in life are free.17,enjoy doing18,Time goes quickly.19,表“一些”在肯定句中用some. 在疑問句和否定句中用any。特殊用法:some可用于表示盼望得到對方肯定的答復(fù)或表示建議、委婉請求的疑問句中。any也可用于肯定句中,表示任何的。Unit 9 What does he look like?1,what does he look like?詢問人長什么樣,回答:主語+be+形容詞/ 介詞短語(he is tall/ of medium height);主語+have/has+形容詞+名詞(she has long hair)what does sb like?詢問某人喜歡什么2,多個形容詞修飾名詞 多個形容詞修飾名詞,一般關(guān)系近的靠近名詞;音節(jié)少的在前,音節(jié)多的在后。 限定詞+數(shù)詞(序前基后)+描繪性形容詞+大小、長短、高低+新舊+顏色+國籍+材料+名詞3,May be 為情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形,在句子中做謂語,maybe是副詞,表示可能,大概,一般放在句首。4,a little,little修飾不可數(shù)名詞,a little表示一點點,little表示幾乎沒有 a few,few修飾可數(shù)名詞,a few表示一點點,few表示幾乎沒有5, Find 強調(diào)找到的結(jié)果,look for 強調(diào)尋找的過程.6,問職業(yè):what do you do?=what is your job?7,the same asbe different8,long straight brown hair9,最后in the end(表事情結(jié)局)finally(強調(diào)次序)at last(強調(diào)經(jīng)多番努力終于達(dá)成) By the end of 直到為止 At the end of在末端/盡頭 Unit 10 Id like some noodles.1, 名詞可分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞(不可數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù))??蓴?shù)名詞又分單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)。一般+s;以-s,-x,-ch,sh結(jié)尾的名詞+es;輔音+y,把y變i,再+es;以-o結(jié)尾的,有生命的+es(negronegroes;heroheroes;tomatotomatoes;potatopotatoes);無生命的+s;以f,fe 結(jié)尾的名詞,改f,fe為v+es(leafleaves;knifeknives)(例外:roofs,chiefs)單復(fù)數(shù)同形:sheep,deer.不規(guī)則變化:manmen;womanwomen;childchildren;footfeet;toothteeth等2,would like sth. 想要某物Would you like some ? 你想要一些嗎? Yes, please./ No, thanks. would like to do sth. “想要做某事”。Would you like to ? 你愿意去做嗎? Yes, Id like / love to./Id like/ love to. But Im too busy.would like sb to do sth “想要某人做某事”。3,order:order food take/ have ones order In order to為了 In the order按順序 Order/ book a room 預(yù)定房間 Order sb(not)to do sth命令4,special和especialSpecial特別的人或事物,特別的,特殊的,specials特色菜;specially專門地,特地Especial特別的,突出的,especially特別,尤其5, the number of表示“的數(shù)量”,后面接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。做主語時,主語是number而不是of后面的名詞復(fù)數(shù),因此謂語動詞要用單數(shù);a number of表示“許多”,相當(dāng)于many, 后面接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),做主語時,主語不是number而是of后面的名詞復(fù)數(shù),因此謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。Number前可用large,great,small修飾,不能用little。6,仍然,還:still(肯定句) Yet(疑問句、否定句)7,one bowl of two bowls of8,what size(+n)would you like? Large/ medium/ small9,what kind of10,大:big 體格大、笨重small,little 形容具體的人或物 Huge物體體積巨大=very big Large物體面積、空間、范圍、數(shù)量大small 不修飾人 Great重大事件或行為,偉大,具有感情色彩11,肯定句中表并列用and 否定句、疑問句中表并列用or12,around the world= all over the world13,make a wish14,blow out15,in/ at one go16,get popular17,cut up(動副結(jié)構(gòu))18,bring good luck to19,different kinds of20,be short of缺乏Unit 11 How was your school trip?1,一般過去時基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+動詞過去式+其他;否定形式:was / were + not; 在行為動詞前加didnt,同時還原動詞;一般疑問句:Was/Were+主語+其他?Did+主語+動詞原形+其他?2,動詞過去式規(guī)則變化:直接加ed;以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的單詞,直接加d;以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的,變y為i加ed;以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的,直接加ed;以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的,雙寫最后的輔音字母+ed不規(guī)則變化的動詞過去式(見書本最后一頁)3, How was your school trip?= what was your school trip like?4, Go for a walk5, Milk a cow6, Ride a horse7, Quite a lot8, Show sb around9, 并列謂語的時態(tài)和數(shù)必須一致。10,In the countryside11,after that12,come out13,go on school trip14,along the way15,buy/ get sb sth= buy/ get sth for sb16,all in all17,否定轉(zhuǎn)移(主語為第一人稱I 或者we時)think,believe,suppose 18,be interested in +n/ v-ing19,not at all20,diary entry21,Something意為“某事,有些事”;anything意為“任何事,任何東西”;everything意為“每一件事”(其后的謂語動詞要用單數(shù));nothing意為“沒事,什么事都沒有”。Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?1, go+V-ing與do some +V-inggo+V-ing表示“去從事某種活動”(一般指戶外)go shopping/ swimming/ skating/ dancing/ skiing/ climbing/ camping/ hikingdo some +V-ing 表示“從事某種活動”(一般指室內(nèi))do some writing/ washing/ cooking/ cleaning/ reading2, go to the cinema3, camp by the lake4, study for a test study for the English test5, work as a guide6, living habits7, stay up late8, shout at sb 因生氣或憤怒向某人吼叫;shout to sb 對某人大聲叫喊,目的是讓人聽見9, run away10,fly a kite11,adj修飾不定代詞 adj要放后面 something important,anything interesting12,take sb to 帶某人去13,put up tents14,make a fire15,on the first night16,each other17,get a terrible surprise18,finish doing19,look out of從朝外看(window,door)look out at sth 向外眺望look out for 留神、注意、小心、關(guān)心20,feel/ watch/ see/ hear sb do sth強調(diào)整個過程feel/ watch/ see/ hear sb doing sth強調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行21,jump up and down22,wake up23,so +adj +that +結(jié)果狀語從句“如此以致” eg:I was so busy that I didnt go to sleep for 3 days.The weather was so cold that they had to stay at home.The coat is so expensive that I dont want to buy it.so that 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,以便,為了(in order to)eg:they got up early so that they could catch the early bus. I raise my voice so that I can make myself heard.第 10 頁 共 10 頁

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