新世紀商務英語綜合教程基礎篇1(第五版)unit.ppt

,Unit1LanguageforBusiness,Nowadays,withthedevelopmentofglobalizationandtheseverecompetitionofemployment,itappearsmoreandmoreimportantforajobapplicanttograspaforeignlanguage.Asagraduatestudent,realizingtheimportanceoflearningaforeignlanguageaswellastheadvantagesbenefitingfrombeingbilingual,oneshouldmakeanefforttobebilingualonthebasisofowningtheexcellentmajorskillsandagoodcomprehensiveprofessionalquality.,Unit1LanguageforBusiness,CONTENTS,TextB,TranslationSkills,PracticalWriting,TimeforFun,Lead-in,TextA,Lead-in,1,Listening,1.WhydidntWongusetospeakEnglish?A.BecausehewasntwillingtostudyEnglishwell.B.BecausehethoughtspeakingEnglishisntsoimportant.C.BecausehewasafraidtospeakEnglishinpublic.2.WhatisMissMarleyssecondadvice?A.Usingdifferentresources.B.ChattingontheInternet.C.Readingmorebooks.3.WhichisNOTmentionedasawaytosurroundyourselfwithEnglish?A.PutEnglishbooksaroundyourroom.B.ListentoEnglishlanguageradiobroadcasts.C.WatchChinesemoviesandtelevisionprograms.4.HowmanypiecesofadvicedoesMissMarleygiveWong?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.5.Wheredoesthisdialoguemostprobablytakeplace?A.Atasupermarket.B.Onthebus.C.Atanoffice.,Listentotheconversationandanswerthequestions.,Lead-in,2,Vocabulary,1.fearA.prevent.from2.resourceB.apersonwhowasborninaparticularplace3.stop.fromC.radioortelevisionprograms4.broadcastsD.wealth5.nativeE.beafraidof,Listentotheconversationagain,payingattentiontothewordslistedbelow,andchoosetheexplanationforeachword.,Lead-in,Anewreportsaysthenumberofforeignstudentsatcollegesand_intheUnitedStatesincreasedby3percentlastyear.Thiswasthefirstnotableincreasesince2001.Anditincludedatenpercentjumpinnew_.The911terroristattacksledtomorerestrictivevisarequirements.Now,stronger_arebeingmadetogetmoreforeignstudentstostudyintheUnitedStates.Forthesixthyear,Indiasentthemostinternationalstudentslastfall,almost_.Thatwasuptenpercentfromtheyearbefore.Chinaremainedin_,andSouthKoreawasthethird.,universities,3,SpotDictation,Thespeakeristalkingaboutaneducationreportoninternationalstudents.Listentoitandfillinthemissinginformation,payingattentiontothefigures.,internationalstudents,efforts,84,000,secondplace,Lead-in,Japanwasthefourthamongthetwenty_sendersofforeignstudents.ButthenumberofJapanesefellsharplyninepercent.Theleadingareaofstudywas_andmanagement.Thatwasthechoiceforeighteenpercentofforeignstudentslastyear.Secondwas_.Thenewreportalsosaysmorethan_Americansstudiedinothercountries.Thatwasduringthe20052006schoolyear.Itwasarecordnumber,andanincreaseof_percentfromtheyearbefore.Butonlyfiveandahalfpercentofthemstayedforafullyear.,leading,3,SpotDictation,Thespeakeristalkingaboutaneducationreportoninternationalstudents.Listentoitandfillinthemissinginformation,payingattentiontothefigures.,business,engineering,220,000,eightandahalf,Lead-in,4,Discussionlackof),Wearenotfamiliarwiththebankduetothelackofbusinesscontactwiththem.,TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingtheexpressionsgiveninthebrackets.,TextA,7,GrammarFocus,冠詞(Article)冠詞包括定冠詞the、不定冠詞a(an)及零冠詞。定冠詞the是最常見的特指限定詞，可用在單數(shù)名詞、復數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞前。具體用法如下：,1.通常指假定說話的雙方都清楚的人或事物。例如：Anupturninthesalesfiguresdelightedourmanager.2.用在單數(shù)名詞前，表示這類事物中的全體成員。例如：Trytopromotethefactthatyouarebilingualoreventrilingualtoyourpotentialemployerduringthejobinterview3.世界上獨一無二的事物、樂器、序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級前通常用定冠詞the。例如：Theearthrevolvesaroundthesun.Thefirstsignofconfidenceisshakinghandsfirmly.4.由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前常用定冠詞the。例如：GoodspokenandwrittenEnglishskillsaregenerallyrequiredtosecuredecentemploymentintheUnitedStates.,TextA,7,GrammarFocus,不定冠詞a/an是最常見的泛指限定詞，只可用于可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前。首次提到某人或某物，又不具體指明時，一般用不定冠詞。例如：Speakingwithconfidencehelpsyoutocommunicatemoreeffectivelywithaninterviewer零冠詞即不用冠詞。具體用法如下：1.首次提到復數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，或不確定指人或物時，用零冠詞。例如：Whileyouneverknowwhatquestionsinterviewersmightask，youcangetyourselfpreparedbyimaginingyourselfansweringsomedifficultquestions.2.表示用餐的名詞、球類運動、棋類游戲前用零冠詞。例如：Illhavetonegotiatewithaforeigncompanyafterlunch.3.在表示星期、月份、季節(jié)的名詞前通常用零冠詞,但在說某一季節(jié)也可用定冠詞。例如：ItwasontheradioonSaturday.,TextA,7,GrammarFocus,1.Amonginternationalstudentsfromnon-English-speakingcountries，thosewithgoodEnglishskillstendtofindajobrelativelyeasily2.confidentlyexpressingyourselfmayormaynotgetyouthejob，butbeingmodestorshywillabsolutelyeliminateanychanceofsuccess3.Youcanfindtonsoftips,andquestionsthatarefrequentlyaskedbyinterviewers,ontheweborinpublishedsources.,Part1Lookatthearticlesinthefollowingsentencesandseehowtheyareused.Findfurtherexamplesinthepassageandidentifytheirfunctions.,TextA,7,GrammarFocus,1._aboveinformationwillservetogiveyouanideaofthekeensalescompetition.2.Shevolunteeredtosupport_unemployed.3.KFCisoneoftherichestandmostpowerfulventuresin_world.4.Allthemembersontheboardinourcompanyelecthim_manager.5.Lastyear,ourcompanyenteredintocompensationdealswith_HongKongfirm.6.Wethinkthatyourmarketreporton_Fridaylastweekistrue.7.BecauseourgeneralmanagerhasgonetodobusinessinAmerica,wehavetocommunicatewithhimby_E-mail.8.Wehopeyouwilleffectshipmentat_earliestpossibledate.9.Wewillmeetyouat_midday.10._thingworthdoingatallisworthdoingwell.,The,the,the,/,a,/,/,the,/,A,Part2Fillintheblankswitha,an,orthe.Puta“/”wherenoarticleisneeded.,TextA,7,GrammarFocus,1.Ajointventuremaybeformofdirectinvestment.,2.Onthejourneybacktoearthoneofthespaceshipscomputersfailed.,Ajointventuremaybeaformofdirectinvestment.,Onthejourneybacktotheearthoneofthespaceshipscomputersfailed.,Part3Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentences.,TextA,7,GrammarFocus,3.TheteaisimportedfromIndia.,4.Keytothesettlementofthemanagerialquestionliesintheleadership.,TeaisimportedfromIndia.,Thekeytothesettlementofthemanagerialquestionliesintheleadership.,Part3Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentences.,TextA,7,GrammarFocus,5.Slightlatitudeinthequality,coloranddesignisacceptable.,6.IappreciatedthewayyouworkedinLondon.Itwasbecauseofyouthatwelandedcontract.,Slightlatitudeinthequality,coloranddesignisacceptable.,IappreciatedthewayyouworkedinLondon.Itwasbecauseofyouthatwelandedthecontract.,Part3Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentences.,TextA,7,GrammarFocus,7.Bicyclemanufactureshadverygoodyear:salesacrossthecountrywereup40%overthepreviousyear.,8.Weshallsendthegoodstoyoubytherail.,Bicyclemanufactureshadaverygoodyear:salesacrossthecountrywereup40%overthepreviousyear.,Weshallsendthegoodstoyoubyrail.,Part3Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentences.,TextA,7,GrammarFocus,9.Weshouldteachchildrentoknowthegoodfromthebad.,10.Thefootballisoneofseveralgamesplayedbytwoteamswithaleatherball.,Weshouldteachchildrentoknowthegoodfromthebad.,Footballisoneofseveralgamesplayedbytwoteamswithaleatherball.,Part3Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentences.,TextA,8,Role-play,Howcanyouperformwellinfrontoftheinterviewerwhenyouarebeinginterviewedinajobinterview?Findyourselfapartner.Oneactsastheinterviewer,theothertheinterviewee.Imagineapositionyouwouldliketoapplyfor,whichrequiresagoodcommandofaforeignlanguage.Makeupadialogueandrole-playittotheclass.,TextB,Goodmorning,welcometothislectureontheimportanceoflearningforeignlanguages!Learningforeignlanguagesseemstoarousetheinterestofmanypeople，andourSchoolofInternationalStudiesworksveryhardtofulfilltheexpectationsofallofthosewhowanttolearnandstudyaforeignlanguage.AllstudentsofChineseuniversities,regardlessofwhattheirmajorsare,arerequiredtolearnaforeignlanguageinadditiontotheirothercourses.ThisspecialtyoftheChineseeducationalsystemwillbeofgreathelptothefurtherdevelopmentoftheChineseeconomyandtheChinesesocietyasawhole.,TextB,ToknowEnglishisgood，butnotenough.ManypeopletodayknowEnglish.Tohavethecommandofasecondforeignlanguagegivesyouthedecisiveedgeforcompetition.InmanyinternationalcompaniesinChina，inEurope,intheUSA,Englishistheacceptedandexpectedmeansofcommunication.Englishisthemostfrequentlyusedlanguageinallformsofinternationalcooperation.But，atacloserlook,youcanseethatinadditiontoEnglish,asecondforeignlanguage,especiallythelanguageofthetopmanagersofthecompanies，isaverywelcomeadditionalqualificationforpromotion.WhileinthemiddlelevelofmanagementandproductionEnglishisthemeansofcommunicationininternationalcompaniesandjointventures,thetoppeopleprefertocommunicateintheirownlanguage,andtorisetoahigherpositioninthecompanymeansnotonlytobequalifiedasanengineeroramanager,butalsotobeabletospeakthelanguageofthetopmanagers.,TextB,Allofthisresultsinthesameaimforthelearningofaforeignlanguage:tousethislanguageasaninstrumentforunderstandingandforcommunication.Andthisagainisthebasisforthequalificationswewantyoutoacquire:tomakeuseofyourcommunicationskills,andtheknowledgeyouacquiredaboutthecountryofyourchosenlanguage，inordertohelpbridgethegapsbetweenChinaandtheworld,tobecomeapartoftheglobalizationprocessandstrengthenChinaspositionintheworld.Aslongasyoucometoknowtheimportanceofforeignlanguagesdescribedabove,togetherwithyourgoodstudyhabitaswellasproperskills,youaresuretobenefitalotfromlearningaforeignlanguage.Goodluckinyourpromisingfuture.Thanksforyourattention.,TextB,TextB,1,Vocabulary,regardlessofresultinfulfillinadditiontobeofgreathelpbridgethegapsjointventurestrengthenasawholequalify,1.Arethecommoditiesgoingtobedivideduporsold_?2._thisorder,pleaseofferusanother60tonsagain.3.Beforeyoufillintheapplicationform,pleasemakesureyouare_fortheposition.4.TheGuangzhouFairheldregularlyfourtimesayearhas_betweenChinaandthewholeworld.5.Wedliketo_ourgroupofforeignsalesoutletstobuildupourexports.,asawhole,Inadditionto,qualified,bridgedthegap,strengthen,Part1Completethesentenceswiththefollowingwordsorphrases.Changetheformwherenecessary.,TextB,1,Vocabulary,Part1Completethesentenceswiththefollowingwordsorphrases.Changetheformwherenecessary.,regardlessofresultinfulfillinadditiontobeofgreathelpbridgethegapsjointventurestrengthenasawholequalify,6.Suchagrowingdemandcanonly_increasedprice.7._areencouragedtomarkettheirproductsoutsideChina.8.Oursendingsometechnicianstoyourcompany_toyouwiththetrainingofworkers.9.Weresuingoursuppliersforfailingto_theircontract.10._fiercemarketcompetition,ourproductshaveeveryprobabilityinreadysales.,resultin,Jointventures,isofgreathelp,fulfill,Regardlessof,TextB,1,Vocabulary,Part2Studythesuffixesandcompletethesentenceswiththerightformofthewordsinthebrackets.,TextB,1,Vocabulary,1.Wehavetakenalotofmeasuresto_(strength)economyandtradecooperationbetweenourtwocompanies.2.Thechildwas_(fright)todeathbytheviolentthunderstorm.3.Theytrytheirbestto_(length)thetimeofthenegotiation.4.Canyousaysomedetailsaboutthe_(educate)systemofyourcountry?5.The_(addition)chargesarenotreasonableatall.,strengthen,frightened,lengthen,education,additional,Part2Studythesuffixesandcompletethesentenceswiththerightformofthewordsinthebrackets.,TextB,1,Vocabulary,6.Wearetakinga_(globe)viewofourbusiness.7.ChinasentryintoWTOhashastenedtheprocessof_(globe)ofChinaseconomy.8.Asthemeansof_(communicate),Englishistheacceptedandexpectedoneinthecompany.9.Inviewofthelong-term_(cooperate),wegiveyoua5%discount.10.Themanager_(haste)awaytotheoffice.,global,globalization,communication,cooperation,hastened,Part2Studythesuffixesandcompletethesentenceswiththerightformofthewordsinthebrackets.,TextB,2,GuidedPresentation,1.TheChineseeducationalsystemrequiresstudentstolearnaforeignlanguagebecauseitishelpfulto_oftheChineseeconomy.2.Theabilityofusingaforeignlanguagefluentlywillgivethestudentsthe_.3.Ininternationalcorporations,knowingthetopmanagerslanguageisa_.4.Theobjectiveoflearningaforeignlanguageistousethelanguageasatoolfor_.5.With_andproperskills,studentswilllearnaforeignlanguagewellandbenefitfromit.,thefurtherdevelopment,edgeforcompetition,forpromotion,understandingandcommunication,goodstudyhabit,Completethefollowingstatementswithnomorethan4wordsaccordingtothepassage.,qualification,decisive,TranslationSkills,翻譯的標準和方法翻譯的標準：信、達、雅。“信，即忠實于原文；達，即譯文能使別人看懂；雅，即譯文要有文采。”翻譯的方法主要是直譯、意譯或直譯、意譯結(jié)合。一、直譯直譯指翻譯時盡量保持原作的語言形式，包括用詞、句子結(jié)構(gòu)、修辭手段等等。直譯的特點是可以保留原文的風格，向譯文讀者傳播異域文化。例如：MusicBridge音樂橋上述短語，兩種語言的表達都基本對應。句子基本對應的例子也很多，例如：Bloodisthickerthanwater.血濃于水。,TranslationSkills,二、意譯意譯是只忠實于原文內(nèi)容而不拘泥于原文形式的翻譯方法，是通過對原文深層意蘊的理解和消化，將原文的表層結(jié)構(gòu)打破和重組，然后轉(zhuǎn)化為譯文自然流暢的表層結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：ShanghaiSeeingisbelieving有目共賞上海牌電視機三、直譯、意譯均可有些句子如果保留原文的表達形式可能會以形害義，使讀者產(chǎn)生誤解，或者造成譯文表達的嚴重滯塞，那么就要借助于意譯或其他手段。例如：WatchoutforHarlow,hesfullofMickeyMouseideas.要提防著點哈洛，他滿腦子歪門邪道。這也是一個直譯法與意譯法兼用的譯例。MickeyMouseideas原指卡通人物米老鼠想法。如把MickeyMouseideas直譯，則背叛原義，所以譯者將它意譯處理。原句其他部分直譯，從而確切表達了原意。,TranslationSkills,Exercises,1.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.,2.TedandWilliamhaveworkedunderthesameroofforfiveyears.,凡事總是由難到易。,泰德和威廉已經(jīng)在同一個屋檐下工作了五年了。,Translatethefollowingsentences.,TranslationSkills,Exercises,3.Competitionforthesejobsisverytoughtherearefivetimesasmanyapplicantsthisyearastherewerelastyear.,4.Italkedtoourmanagerwithbrutalfrankness.,謀求這些職位的競爭很激烈今年的求職者是去年的五倍。,我對經(jīng)理講的話，雖然逆耳卻是忠言(殘酷的坦白)。,Translatethefollowingsentences.,TranslationSkills,Exercises,5.Weneedtobeenhancinginternationalcompetitiveness.,我們的企業(yè)應著重提高國際競爭力。,Translatethefollowingsentences.,PracticalWriting,英語句子的完整性句子不論長短只能有一個中心思想。否則寫出的句子就會使人無法理解，或引起歧義。殘缺句、接排句和簡省錯誤是句子結(jié)構(gòu)中最常見的錯誤。一、殘缺句所謂殘缺句，就是指不能獨立成句的一個不完整的句子片段。原句:Wonderingwhattheintervieweewasgoingtodo.改為:Thehumanresourceexecutivehadbeenwonderingwhattheintervieweewasgoingtodo.,PracticalWriting,二、接排句所謂接排句，即把兩個或兩個以上的獨立句子錯誤地用逗號隔開（或沒有標點符號相連）的句子。例如：Irantothedoorourbossstormedinsuddenlyheshoutedtowarnme.改正這種句子可采用以下三種方法：1.中間用句號使句子獨立。例如：Irantothedoor.Mybossstormedin.Suddenlyheshoutedtowarnme.2.使用并列結(jié)構(gòu)。兩個句子若同等重要，可以用并列連詞and,but,or,for,nor等連接成并列句。例如：Irantothedoor,andmybossstormedin.Suddenlyheshoutedtowarnme.3.使用從屬結(jié)構(gòu)?？筛鶕?jù)句子內(nèi)容將其中的一部分用連詞because,although,when和if等變成從句。例如：AsIrantothedoor,mybossstormedin.Suddenlyheshoutedtowarnme.Irantothedoor.Whenmybossstormedin,suddenlyheshoutedtowarnme.,PracticalWriting,三、簡省錯誤用詞簡省并不能夠隨意省掉一些屬于固定搭配的或有助于理解句意的詞。省掉就會影響句子的正確理解。常見的簡省錯誤有：1.部分謂語的省略（錯誤地省略部分謂語，會使句子結(jié)構(gòu)失去平衡）原句:Salesmanagersalwayshaveandalwayswilldotheirbesttostimulateenthusiasmatthesales.改為:Salesmanagersalwayshavedoneandalwayswilldotheirbesttostimulateenthusiasmatthesales.,PracticalWriting,2.介詞的省略常見介詞省略錯誤有兩種：一是有的句子要求有介詞綴后方能使句意完整并合乎邏輯；另一種是介詞搭配使用方面，有些詞需要固定的介詞與之搭配使用，當它們出現(xiàn)在并列結(jié)構(gòu)中時，除非它們所需的介詞是一致的，否則介詞不能省略。原句:Mr.Whitehasconfidenceandambitionforhisemployees.改為:Mr.Whitehasconfidenceinandambitionforhisemployees.3.比較級中必要詞的省略原句:IhadmorerespectforMr.Whitethanhiswife.改為:IhadmorerespectforMr.Whitethanforhiswife.或者:IhadmorerespectforMr.Whitethanhiswifedid.,PracticalWriting,Exercises,1Thenewcomerscleanedtheoffice,theotherstaffpreparedthefiles.（接排句）,Thenewcomerscleanedtheofficeandtheotherstaffpreparedfiles.Afterthenewcomershadcleanedtheoffice,theotherstaffpreparedthefiles.,2Haveyougotapentosignthesepapers?(介詞的省略),Haveyougotapenwithwhichtosignthesepapers?,Correctthefollowingsentencesaccordingtothetipsinthebrackets.,PracticalWriting,Exercises,3Thispreparativetrainingisnotasstrictastheotheroneisstrict.(比較級中必要詞的省略),Thispreparativetrainingisnotasstrictastheotherone.,4Becausehewasnotthere.(殘缺句),Heknewnothingaboutitbecausehewasnotthere.,Correctthefollowingsentencesaccordingtothetipsinthebrackets.,PracticalWriting,Exercises,5Mypenisbroken.Couldyoulendmeyourstowrite?(介詞的省略),Mypenisbroken.Couldyoulendmeyourstowritewith?,Correctthefollowingsentencesaccordingtothetipsinthebrackets.,TimeforFun,“Itsforbiddentostealhoteltowelsplease.Ifyouarenotthepersontodosuchthings,pleasedontreadthenotice.”InaTokyoHotel“Pleasebatheinsidethetub.”InaJapaneseHotelRoom“Theliftisbeingfixedforthenextday.Duringthattimeweregretthatyouwillbeunbearable.”InaBucharestHotelLobby“Pleaseleaveyourvaluesatthefrontdesk.”InaParisHotelElevator,TimeforFun,“Visitorsareexpectedtocomplainattheofficebetweenthehoursof9and11a.m.daily.”InaHotelinAthens“YouarewelcometovisitthecemeterywherefamousRussianandSovietcomposers,artists,andwritersareburieddailyexceptThursday.”IntheLobbyofaMoscowHotelacrossfromaRussianOrthodoxMonastary“Ourwinesleaveyounothingtohopefor.”O(jiān)ntheMenuofaSwissRestaurant“Foryourconvenience,werecommendcourageous,efficientself-service.”InaHongKongSupermarket,