2019-2020年高中英語 語法復(fù)習(xí)講義+訓(xùn)練 獨立主格

2019-2020年高中英語語法復(fù)習(xí)講義+訓(xùn)練獨立主格獨立主格（一）獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成：名詞（代詞）+現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞;名詞（代詞）+形容詞;名詞（代詞）+副詞;名詞（代詞）+不定式;名詞（代詞）+介詞短語構(gòu)成。（二）獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的特點：1）獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，它獨立存在。2）名詞或代詞與后面的分詞，形容詞，副詞，不定式，介詞等是主謂關(guān)系。3）獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有逗號與主句分開。舉例：Thetestfinished,webeganourholiday.=Whenthetestwasfinished,webeganourholiday.考試結(jié)束了，我們開始放假。Thepresidentassassinated,thewholecountrywasindeepsorrow.sorrow.=Afterthepresidentwasassassinated,thewholecountrywasindeep總統(tǒng)被謀殺了，舉國上下沉浸在悲哀之中。Weatherpermitting,wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow.如果天氣允許，我們明天去看你。Thisdone,wewenthome.工作完成后，我們才回家。Themeetinggoneover,everyonetiredtogohomeearlier.會議結(jié)束后，每個人都想早點回家。Hecameintotheroom,hisearsredwithcold.他回到了房子里，耳朵凍壞了。Hecameoutofthelibrary,alargebookunderhisarm.他夾著本厚書，走出了圖書館With的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)表伴隨時，既可用分詞的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)，也可用with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。with+名詞（代詞）+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/形容詞/副詞/不定式/介詞短語舉例:Hestoodthere,hishandraised.=Hestoodthere,withhishandraise.典型例題Themurderwasbroughtin,withhishands_behindhisback。A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied答案D.with+名詞（代詞）+分詞+介詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)。當分詞表示伴隨狀況時，其主語常常用with來引導(dǎo)。由于本句中名詞手與分詞綁是被動關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞，選D.1）獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)使用介詞的問題：當介詞是in時，其前后的兩個名詞均不加任何成分（如物主代詞或冠詞），也不用復(fù)數(shù)。但with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)不受此限制Arobberburstintotheroom,knifeinhand.（hand前不能加his）。2）當表人體部位的詞做邏輯主語時，及物動詞用現(xiàn)在分詞，不及物動詞用過去分詞。Helaythere,histeethset,hishandclenched,hiseyeslookingstraightup.典型例題：Weather_,we'llgooutforawalk.ApermittedBpermittingCpermitsDforpermitting答案B.本題中沒有連詞，它不是復(fù)合句，也不是并列句。句中使用了逗號，且we小寫，可知其不是兩個簡單句。能夠這樣使用的只有獨立主格或with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。據(jù)此判斷，本句中使用的是獨立結(jié)構(gòu)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：名詞+分詞。由于permit在這里翻譯為'天氣允許'，表主動，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，故選B。如果不會判斷獨立結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語的形式，不妨將句子改為條件句，例如本句改為fweatherpermits,we'llgooutforawalk.然后將if去掉，再將謂語動詞改為非謂語動詞即可2019-2020年高中英語課堂15分鐘達標練Module1LifeintheFuturePeriod3Grammar外研版必修4I. 用所給詞的適當形式填空1. FromtomorrowtoJune17,he(travel)alongtheYangtzeRiver.2. Canyouimaginewhatkindofcarwe(drive)in2020?3. We(climb)YueluMountainatteno'clocktomorrowmorning.4. I(take)anexamat2:30tomorrowafternoon,soIcan'tgoskatingwithyou.5. Ihopehe(find)agoodjoboneday.6. Thatbus(leave)in10minutes.7. Ithinkthekids(do)theirhomeworkwhenwegethome.8. They(watch)footballmatchat7o'clocktomorrowevening.答案:1.willbetravelling2.willbedriving3.willbeclimbing4.willbetaking5.willfind6.isleaving7.willbedoing8.willbewatchingII完成句子1. 下午五點至六點之間不要給我打電話,那時我們在吃飯。Don'tphonemebetween5:00p.m.and6:00p.m.Wedinnerthen.2. 克雷格教授明晚作關(guān)于伊特魯里亞陶器的演講。ProfessorCraigalectureonEtruscanpotterytomorrowevening.3. 我今晚將在辦公室里待到很晚。Ilateintheofficethisevening.4. 明天這個時候你會在做什么呢?Whatyouthistimetomorrow?5. 今天下午我沒空,我要為一個朋友送行。Iwon'tbefreethisafternoon.Iafriendoff.6. 下個月我會去看你。Iyounextmonth.答案:1.willbehaving2.willbegiving3.willbestaying4.will;bedoing5.willbeseeing6.willbevisiting皿語法填空閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Manyyearsago,NormanCousinswasdiagnosedas“1(dead)ill".Hewasgivensixmonths2(live).Hischanceforrecoverywas1in500.Hecouldseetheworry,depressionandangerinhislifecontributed3_,andperhapshelpedcause,hisdisease.Hewondered,“Ifillnesscan4_(cause)bynegativity(消極情緒)，canwellnessbecreatedbypositivity?”Hedecidedtomake5experimentofhimself.Laughterwasoneofthemostpositive6(activity)heknew.HerentedallthefunnymovieshecouldfindKeaton，Chaplin，F(xiàn)ields，theMarxBrothers.Hereadfunnystories.Heaskedhisfriendstocallhim7theysaid,heardordidsomethingfunny.Hispainwassogreatthathecouldnotsleep.8_(laugh)for10solidminutes,hefound,relievedthepainforseveralhourssohecouldsleep.Hefullyrecoveredfromhisillnessandlived920happy,healthyandproductiveyears.Heowedhisrecoverytoimagination,theloveofhisfamilyandfriends,andlaughter.Heoncesaid:“I10(live)thesamehappylifein50years.”答案:1.deadly2.tolive3.to4.becaused5.an6.activities7. whenever/when8.Laughing9.another10.willbelivingBDebbieHartisgoingtoswimacrosstheEnglishChanneltomorrow.She1_(go)tosetoutfromtheFrenchcoastatfiveo'clockinthemorning.Debbieisonlyeleven2(year)oldandshehopestosetup3newworldrecord.Sheisastrongswimmerandmanypeoplefeelthatsheissuretosucceed.Debbie'sfather4(set)outwithherinasmallboat.MrHart5_(train)hisdaughterforyears.Tomorrowhe6(watch)heranxiouslyassheswimsthelongdistancetoEngland.Debbieintendstotakeshortrestseverytwohours.Shewillhavesomethingtodrink7shewillnoteatanysolidfood.MostofDebbie'sschoolfriends8(wait)forherontheEnglishcoast.AmongthemwillbeDebbie'smother,who9(swim)theChannelherselfwhenshewasagirl.ManypeoplebelieveDebbiewill10(real)createawonder.答案:1.isgoing2.years3.a4.willset5.hastrained6.willbewatching7.but8.willbewaiting9.swam10.really