【優(yōu)化指導(dǎo)】（課標(biāo)全國(guó)）高考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)作業(yè)46 北師大版

【優(yōu)化指導(dǎo)】（課標(biāo)全國(guó)）高考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)作業(yè)46 北師大版 一、閱讀理解AMore than one in ten UK teenagers has been left without a job or college place，despite 11 years of compulsory education，figures show.The number of 16­to­18­year­olds branded as“Neet”not in education，employment or traininghas risen amid growing fears that school­leavers are bearing the_brunt of_job_shortages_in_the_recession.Some 261,000 young people had no job or training place，according to official data.The figure rose to 1,082,000 among 16­to­24­year­olds.The conservatives branded the figures“shocking”David Willetts，the shadow skills secretary，said：“It is a damning indictment of the governments failure to help young people during the recession.”“Despite all Gordon Browns guarantees and pledges，the number of young people neither earning nor learning is increasing at a rate of more than 9,000 a week.Ministers must stop making empty gestures that do so little to help young people.”The government has a target to reduce the proportion of young Neets to 7.6 per cent by next year.The latest annual data from the Department for Children，Schools and Families put the figure at 10.3 per cent by the end of 2020.The percentage of 16­to­18­year­olds who fell into the same bracket remained higher in the past year than in the previous 12 months，it was revealed.In a further disclosure，figures for the third quarter of this year show almost a fifth of 16­to­24­year­olds were in the categorymore than at any point since 2020.Iain Wright，the Schools Minister，said：“We are giving all 16­to­17­year­olds the opportunity to stay in education or training so they can gain the skills they need to succeed in an increasingly competitive labour market.”“We must not repeat the mistakes that were made in recessions of the past and abandon a whole generation of young people.We recognize that we need to carry on helping young people through this tough economic climate.”He said the government would offer every Neet a place on an“Entry of Employment”course in January.1According to what David Willetts said，the number of young people neither earning or learning will increase about _ in a year.A261,000B1,082,000C9,000 D432,0002The underlined sentence in Para.2 means“_”Aschool­leavers are the cause of job shortages in the recessionBschool­leavers are not to blame for job shortages in the recessionCschool­leavers are receiving the main pressure of job short­ages in the recessionDschool­leavers are to be freed from job shortages in the recession3What David Willetts said indicates that _.Athe government has tried its best to solve the problemBthe problem is unavoidable during the recessionCwhat the government has done is far from satisfactoryDhe is sure the government can solve the problem4Which of the following is NOT true according to Iain Wright?AThe government has realized how serious the problem is and will take effective measures.BYoung people are facing a tough economic climate.CThe government responded too late in face of the situation.DIt will be difficult for young people to be employed if they dont have relevant skills.BWe may all have had the embarrassing moment：Getting half­way through a story only to realize that weve told this exact tale before，to the person were boring with it now.Why do we make such memory mistakes?According to research published in Psychological Science，it may have to do with the way our brains process different types of memory.Researchers Nigel Gopie，of the Rotman Research Institute in Toronto，and Colin MacLeod，of the University of Waterloo，divided memory into two kinds.The first was source memory，or the ability to keep track of where information is coming from.The second was destination memory，or the ability to recall whom we have given information to.They found that source memory functions better than destination memory，in part because of the direction in which that information is travelling.To study the differences between source and destination memory，the researchers did an experiment on 60 university students，according to a New York Times report.The students were asked to associate 50 random(隨意的)facts with the faces of 50 famous people.Half of the students“told”each fact to one of the faces，reading it aloud when the celebritys picture appeared on a computer screen.The other half read each fact silently and saw a different celebrity picture afterward.When later asked to recall which facts went with which faces，the students who were giving information out(destination memory)scored about 16 percent lower on memory performance compared with the students receiving information(source memory)The researchers concluded that outgoing information was less associated with its environmental context(背景)that is，the personthan incoming information.This makes sense given what is known about attention.A person who is giving information even little facts，will devote some mental resources to thinking about what is being said.Because our attention is finite(有限的)，we give less attention to the person we are giving information to.After a second experiment with another group of 40 students，the researchers concluded that self­focus is another factor that undermines destination memory.They asked half the students to continue giving out random information，while the other told things about themselves.This time around，those who were talking about themselves did 15 percent worse than those giving random information.“When you start telling these personal facts compared with non­self facts，suddenly destination memory goes down more，suggesting that it is the self­focus component(成分)thats reducing the memory，”Gopie told Live Science.5The point of this article is to _.Agive advice on how to improve memoryBtell what causes the memory to worsenCexplain why we repeat stories to the same personDintroduce different kinds of memories6Those who read each fact silently and saw a different celebrity picture afterwards _.Acan memorize more informationBhave worse memoryCare more likely to repeat storiesDpaid more attention to themselves7The underlined word“undermines”probably means“_”Aweakens BbenefitsCexplains Dsupports二、短文填空根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Every boy and every girl expects their parents to give them more pocket money.Why do their parents just give them a certain amount？_1_The amount of money that parents give to their children to spend as they wish differs from family to family._2_ Some children get weekly pocket money.Others get monthly pocket money.First of all，children are expected to make a choice between spending and saving.Then parents should make the children understand what is expected to pay for with the money.At first，some young children may spend all of the money soon after they receive it.Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until it is the right time._3_In order to encourage their children to do some housework，some parents give pocket money if the children help around the home.Some experts think it not wise to pay the children for doing that._4_Pocket money can give children a chance to experience the three things they can do with the money.They can spend it by giving it to a good cause.They can spend it by buying things they want._5_ Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice.Saving can also open the door to future saving and investing for children.AThey can save it for future use.BTiming is another consideration.CAs helping at home is a normal part of family life.DSome children are not good at managing their pocket money.ELearning how to get money is very important for every child.FOne main purpose is to let kids learn how to manage their own money.GBy doing so，these children will learn that spending must be done with a budget.1_2._3._4._5_三、短文改錯(cuò)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)()，并在其下面寫上該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。When I was 5，my father bought me the piano with all the money he had saved.Every day I practised playing it though my father demanded.But before long，I transferred my interest in the piano to some other thing so I began to avoid practise it.When my father realized this，he encouraged me but was strict with me than before.With her help，I went the hardest time and made great progress.Here I sincere express my gratitude to my father.On the journey of life，our parents have lit the light of hope for us.What they have done broaden our horizon.No one deserves bigger thanks than to our parents.參考答案與解析課時(shí)作業(yè)(四十六)Unit 23B卷一、閱讀理解解題導(dǎo)語：世界性的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)對(duì)英國(guó)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響，超過十分之一的青少年畢業(yè)后既沒有工作也沒大學(xué)讀，他們成了“啃老族”，這一現(xiàn)象引起了英國(guó)政府的擔(dān)憂。4解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后三段可知A、B、D三項(xiàng)表述正確。選項(xiàng)C“面對(duì)這種情況政府反應(yīng)遲緩”沒有被提及。答案：C解題導(dǎo)語：文章通過兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)向我們介紹了對(duì)于兩種信息記憶效果的不同及其原因。5解析：主旨大意題。由文章的結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，全文就是在回答“Why do we make such memory mistakes？”的。而“such memory mistakes”就是選項(xiàng)中所說的we repeat stories to the same person。答案：C6解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。倒數(shù)第六段對(duì)接受兩種信息的實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象進(jìn)行了比較，由此可以得出答案。答案：A7解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。這是對(duì)第二次實(shí)驗(yàn)的總結(jié)，由倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句話“worse”可知該詞的意思，和weaken同義。答案：A二、短文填空1F2.B3.G4.C5.A三、短文改錯(cuò)