（新課標(biāo)）2020屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題四 完形填空 考點二十七 議論文（含解析）

考點二十七議論文Cloze 1限時12分鐘Dear girls，The dream itself comes from hard work, some good luck and good timing Here are some words of wisdom as you _1_ your way in the world, from an entrepreneur (企業(yè)家) and your _2_In high school, I wanted to be a politician I left my hometown for college in Washington DC There, I _3_ that I loved to support women It taught me that I'm a creative, strong leader and great at marketing _4_， I moved to be the head of a national health care non­profit Becoming a mother opened my mind to _5_ a breast pump bag (儲奶袋) business Now I _6_ a highly successful company that I started up on my own _7_ what you are good at and what you are passionate about Keep an open mindFailure is _8_ to your success I won't tell you to feel good about _9_ But I will tell you that every failure I've had along the way has absolutely made me _10_Failing the big math exam in high school was _11_ I eventually passed, and I've _12_ failed an exam again I learned from that _13_ to ask for help Now I ask for help in business _14_Being passed over for a significant job opportunity that I more than qualified _15_ hurt me I was so depressed _16_ soon I got a big job at a national organization It's okay to get angry! Take that and _17_ it into positive actionI'm proud to be a role _18_ to you as a mom and an entrepreneur I hope I inspire you to believe that you can be _19_ you want and you can have everything on your list It will be my pleasure to watch your life _20_ before my eyes1Alose Bpay Cget Dmake答案：D當(dāng)你們在社會上摸索前進時，這里有些至理名言送給你們。make one's way “前進，行進”。故本題選D。2Aaunt Bmama Cuncle Dpapa答案：B根據(jù)信件開頭的稱呼“Dear girls”以及最后一段中的“I'm proud to be a role _18_ to you as a mom and an entrepreneur”可知，這里的智慧是在作為企業(yè)家以及媽媽的身份中總結(jié)出來的。故選B。3Adiscovered Binformed Cimagined Ddeveloped答案：A結(jié)合四個選項可知，這里表示“我”發(fā)現(xiàn)“我”喜歡支持婦女。根據(jù)句意可知選A。4AHowever BTherefore COtherwise DMeanwhile答案：B由前一句中所述作者是“creative, strong leader and great at marketing”及第4空的句子所述作者升遷，獲得了人生事業(yè)上的發(fā)展可知，前后兩個單句在句意上具有因果關(guān)系，故選B。5Apushing Btaking Claunching Dpulling答案：C成為媽媽打開了“我”著手進行儲奶袋生意的思路。故選C。6Arun Bclose Cleave Dwork答案：A從上文可知，這位媽媽是一位企業(yè)家，故她經(jīng)營著一家企業(yè)，選A。7ACome out BWork out CHold out DFigure out答案：D首先要弄清楚自己擅長什么和對什么具有熱情，figure out “弄清楚”。故D符合語境。8Apleasant Bconvenient Ccritical Ddifferent答案：C下文母親介紹自己在失敗中成長的經(jīng)歷，故這里她的意思是，失敗對于成功非常重要，故選C。9Ajustice Bfailure Ccourage Dhonesty答案：B“我”不是告訴你們要對失敗有好感。下一句中的“that every failure”亦是提示，故選B。10Aworse Bbad Cwell Dbetter答案：D但“我”要告訴你們，每一次“我”人生成長道路上的失敗都絕對讓“我”變得更好。故選D。11Aembarrassing Bexciting Camusing Dinspiring答案：A高中數(shù)學(xué)大考不及格是令人尷尬的。根據(jù)句意可知選A。12Aever Balways Cnever Doften答案：C“我”最終通過了考試，并且再也沒有不及格過。根據(jù)語境可知選C。13Aaccident Bexperience Cfeeling Dmemory答案：B“我”從那次的經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到了要懂得尋求幫助。根據(jù)句意可知選B。14Aall the time Bof all time Cat a time Din no time答案：A現(xiàn)在，“我”經(jīng)常在生意上尋求幫助。故選A。15Aon Bto Cfor Dwith答案：C與“我”非常有資格勝任的工作機會失之交臂，令“我”很傷心。be qualified for，表示“有資格的；有擔(dān)任的資格”。故選C。16Aor Bso Cwhile Dbut答案：D“我”當(dāng)時非常沮喪，但是很快“我”在一個國家機構(gòu)里得到了一份非常令人垂涎的工作。根據(jù)句意可知選D。17Aturn Bput Cmake Dget答案：A生氣是沒關(guān)系的！但關(guān)鍵是將其轉(zhuǎn)化為積極的行動。故選A。18Aexample Bstar Csymbol Dmodel答案：D作為一位母親和企業(yè)家，“我”非常驕傲能夠成為你們的榜樣。role與model連用，意為“榜樣；模范”。故選D。19Aanything Bnothing Ceverything Dsomething答案：A“我”希望“我”能夠讓你們相信，你們可以成為你們想成為的任何人并且得到你們清單上想得到的所有東西。根據(jù)句意可知這里用anything合適，故選A。20Afold Bunfold Ccover Duncover答案：B“我”會非常高興看到你們的全部人生在“我”眼前呈現(xiàn)的樣子。根據(jù)句意可知這里選B。Cloze 2限時12分鐘Last weekend I decided to treat myself to relaxation by reading a magazine As usual, I looked through the front pages of _1_ women wearing designer clothes with ads promising it to be “Best of the Best” I read the ad _2_， instead of offering advice on how to live well, the entire article _3_ expensive treatments that slow the effects of getting older while fooling others into thinking you stay young naturally What? Is that even _4_？You may have already guessedI seldom make up, _5_ buy a few creams for my skin, and wear only one or two pieces of _6_ Instead, given the choice, I spend my money on travel, learning experiences, fun and a few causes I support Fortunately, my husband Thom not only likes my way, _7_ he's the same as well _8_ comes naturally to us because we both prefer _9_ experiencesThere was a TV show in the 1980s called Fernando's Hideaway Regardless of whom the host Fernando was _10_ in the show, he would always say, “You _11_ marvelous (棒極了)！” And that was usually followed by, “As we all know, it's _12_ to look marvelous than feel marvelous” I knew everyone used to laugh at that show because what made it so ridiculous was how it pointed out the obvious _13_ of grasping outside appearances, _14_ real feelingsSome women out there might be telling themselves, “I _15_ possibly feel good if I don't look good” Really? Your life is _16_ to feel good to you We can control the way we feel by controlling our thoughts Instead of _17_ outside circumstances to bring about responses in us and make us happy or not, we can put our time, attention and resources on _18_ can affect the inside No one else knows your reason for being happy You do Your happiness _19_ you to it When you travel along your _20_ to joy, your conversation is of joy; your feelings are of joyyou're on the right way1Acasual BspecialCordinary Dattractive答案：D根據(jù)空后的“with ads promising it to be Best of the Best”可推知，雜志封面的女人很吸引人。2AUnfortunately BFrequentlyCHopefully DFortunately答案：A根據(jù)空后的“instead of offering advice on how to live well”可推知，作者對雜志的廣告很失望，與下文中的“expensive treatments”呼應(yīng)。3Afocused on Bleft outCcommented on Dmade out答案：A根據(jù)語境可知，廣告大肆宣揚昂貴的延緩變老的療法。focus on “集中注意力于”；leave out “遺漏；不包括”；comment on “評論”；make out “理解；辨認出”。4Anecessary BpossibleCconvenient Dessential答案：B根據(jù)語境可知，作者懷疑違背自然規(guī)律而永葆青春的可能性，與上文中的“What？”和空后的問號呼應(yīng)。5Anever BoftenCusually Djust答案：D由上文中的“I seldom make up”可推知，作者平時只買一些簡單的護膚品。6Aclothing BjewelryCdecoration Dfurniture答案：B由空前的“one or two pieces of”可知，作者平時也只是戴一兩件珠寶飾品而已。7Aand ByetCbut Dalthough答案：Cnot only but (also) 意為“不僅而且”。8AHappiness BTirednessCBeauty DFortune答案：A根據(jù)下文中的“Your happiness _19_ you to it”，并結(jié)合后面的“prefer”可推知，此處表示幸福來得那么自然。9Acommon BculturalCtraveling Dquality答案：D根據(jù)上文中的“Instead, given the choice, I spend my money on travel, learning experiences, fun and a few causes I support”可推知，作者的這些消費經(jīng)歷和體驗都是高質(zhì)量的，故選D。10Aperforming BrequiringCinterviewing Dworking答案：C根據(jù)上下文的“host”和“in the show”可知，此處表示節(jié)目中的采訪。11Alook BsoundCsmell Dfeel答案：A由下文中的“to look marvelous than feel marvelous”可知，此處表示看起來很棒。12Aworse BbetterCless Dfunnier答案：B根據(jù)上文可知，主持人夸贊人看起來很棒，因此可推斷主持人認為容貌比感覺更重要。13Apuzzle BmistakeCidea Dprogress答案：B根據(jù)上文的“ridiculous”可推知，作者不認同主持人的觀點，認為追求外在容貌而不是真實感受是錯誤的，故選B。14Amore than Bless thanCrather than Dother than答案：C此處指追求外在容貌而不是真實感受。rather than “而不是”符合語境。15Amustn't Bcouldn'tCneedn't Ddaren't答案：B由下文中的“Really？”“We can control the way we feel by controlling our thoughts”可推知，一些女性認為如果看起來不好，那么就不可能感覺好。16Asupposed BpermittedCrequested Dpromised答案：A由下文中的“We can control the way we feel by controlling our thoughts”可知，人們可以通過控制自己的想法來控制自己的感受，所以此處表示你對自己的生活應(yīng)該感覺良好。be supposed to do sth 意為“應(yīng)該做某事”。17Aletting BallowingCrecommending Dpreventing答案：B根據(jù)上文可推知，人們不能任由(allow)外在因素影響自我，應(yīng)該積極控制自己的情緒。18Awhich BthatCwhat Dwhy答案：C所填詞在此引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中作主語，意為“的事物/東西”，故選what。19Aguides BsendsCmisleads Dapplies答案：A由上文中的“No one else knows your reason for being happy You do”可推知，自己的幸福對自己起著指導(dǎo)作用，引導(dǎo)自己尋找快樂的原因，與下文中的“you're on the right way”呼應(yīng)。20Amind BreasonCtime Dpath答案：D由空前的“travel”和下文中的“you're on the right way”可推知，此處表示快樂之路。Cloze 3限時10分鐘What is time? Is it a thing to be saved or _1_ or wasted, like money? Or is it something we have no control _2_， like the weather? Is time the same all over the world? That's an easy question, you say _3_ you go, a minute is 60 seconds, an hour is 60 minutes, a day is 24 hours, and so forth Well, maybe But in America, time is _4_ that Americans see time as a valuable _5_ Maybe that's why they are _6_ of the expression, “Time is money”To Americans, punctuality is a way of showing _7_ for other people's time Being more than 10 minutes late for an appointment usually _8_ an apology, and maybe an explanation People _9_ are running late often call ahead to let others know of the _10_ Of course, the less formal the situation, the less important it is to be exactly _11_ At informal get­togethers, _12_， people often arrive as many as 30 minutes past the _13_ time But they usually don't try that at workAmerican lifestyles show _14_ people respect the time of others When people plan an event, they often _15_ the time days or weeks in advance Once the time is fixed, it takes almost a(n) _16_ to change it If people want to come to your house for a friendly visit, they will usually _17_ first to make sure it is convenient Only very close friends will just _18_ unannounced Also, people hesitate to call others late at night for fear they _19_ be in bed The time may vary, but most folks think _20_ about calling after 10 pm1Abought BignoredCspent Dkilled答案：C時間是像錢一樣能被節(jié)省、花費或浪費的東西嗎？還是像我們不能控制的東西，比如天氣？根據(jù)語境可知應(yīng)選C。2Aover BinCwith Dfor答案：Ahave control over表示“對有控制權(quán)”。3AHowever BWheneverCWhatever DWherever答案：D根據(jù)常識可知，任何地方的時間換算都一樣，因此這里表示無論你去哪兒，一分鐘都是60秒，一小時都是60分鐘。故選D。4Aless than Bno more thanCnot more than Dmore than答案：D根據(jù)后文的“Americans see time as a valuable”可推知，在美國，時間的意義不僅指這些。less than “少于”；no more than “只是；僅僅”；not more than “不超過；至多”；more than “超過；多于”。5Aresource BmaterialCitem Dfactor答案：A美國人把時間看作是一種寶貴的資源。故選A。resource “資源”；material “材料”；item “物品”；factor “因素”。6Ashort BfondCcrazy Denthusiastic答案：B或許這就是他們喜歡“時間就是金錢”這句話的原因。be fond of表示“喜歡”，符合語境。7Apreference BmercyCrespect Dhatred答案：C對美國人來說，準(zhǔn)時是尊重別人的時間的一種方式。下文的“people respect the time of others”是提示。8Acalls for Barises fromCmakes for Dresults from答案：A上文提到，美國人認為準(zhǔn)時是尊重別人時間的一種方式，因此約會時遲到超過10分鐘通常需要道歉或作出解釋。call for “要求；需要”；arise from “起因于”；make for “促成”；result from “起因于；由造成”。9Awhom BwhichCwho Dwhose答案：C先行詞為people，指人，空處在定語從句中作主語，故用關(guān)系代詞who，指那些將要遲到的人通常提前打電話告知。10Atime BresultCexplanation Ddelay答案：D此處指提前打電話讓別人知道你的耽擱，與上文的 “running late”呼應(yīng)。11Ain time Bon timeCahead of time Dover time答案：B情況越不正式，準(zhǔn)時就不那么重要，即越正式的場合就越應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)時。in time “及時”；on time “準(zhǔn)時”；ahead of time “提前”；over time “隨時間推移”。12Asuch as Bin a wordCfor example Das usual答案：C在非正式的聚會上，美國人經(jīng)常會比約定的 (appointed)時間晚30分鐘，但他們工作時不是這樣的。此處是舉了一個例子，進一步解釋說明第11空所在句子描述的情況，故選C。13Aassigned BappointedCapproved Dassessed答案：B既然是聚會，那么應(yīng)該是指約定的時間。assigned “指定的”；appointed “約定的”；approved “被認可的”；assessed “評估的”。14Ahow many Bhow farChow much Dhow soon答案：C根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示美國人非常尊重別人的時間，表示的是一種程度，故選C。15Aset BprepareCuse Dquit答案：A此處指當(dāng)人們計劃一件事時，他們總是提前幾天或幾周就確定(set)時間。故選A。16Aemergency BpleasureCperiod Demotion答案：A此處指一旦時間被確定，除非有緊急情況才會改變。故選A。emergency “緊急情況”；pleasure “令人高興的事”；period “期間”；emotion “情感”。17Awrite BclaimCinform Dcall答案：D如果有人想來你家拜訪，他們通常會先打電話詢問是否方便。此處指提前打電話，故選D。18Adrop out Bdrop byCdrop off Ddrop behind答案：B此處指只有非常親密的朋友才不提前通知就順便來訪。故選B。drop out “退出”；drop by “順便拜訪”；drop off “減少”； drop behind “落后”。19Amust BmightCneed Dshall答案：B此處指晚上打電話時人們會猶豫，害怕對方可能已經(jīng)睡覺了。故選B。20Afirst BlastConce Dtwice答案：D此處指晚上10點以后打電話，人們會再三考慮。think twice “再三考慮；慎重考慮”。故選D。Cloze 4限時10分鐘Human growth is a process of experimentation, trial, and error eventually leading to wisdom Each time you choose to trust yourself and take action, you can never quite be certain how the situation will _1_Sometimes you are victorious, and sometimes you become disappointed The _2_ experiments, however, are no less valuable than the experiments that finally prove successful; in fact, you _3_ learn more from your “failures” than you do from your _4_ If you have made what you think be a mistake or failed to live up to your own _5_， you will most likely put up a barrier between your essence and the part of you that is the alleged (聲稱的) wrong­doerHowever, viewing past actions as _6_ implies guilt and blame, and it is not possible to learn anything meaning while you are engaged in blaming _7_， forgiveness is required when you are severely judging yourself Forgiveness is the act of erasing an _8_ debt There are four kinds of forgivenessThe first is beginner forgiveness for yourselfThe second of forgiveness is beginner forgiveness for anotherThe third kind of forgiveness is _9_ forgiveness of yourself This is for serious misbehaviors, the ones you carry with deep _10_ When you do something that violates your own values and principles, you create a gap between your standards and your actual _11_In such a case, you need to work very hard at _12_ yourself for these deeds so that you can close this gap This does not _13_ that you should rush to forgive yourself or shouldn't feel regret, _14_ taking pleasure in these feelings for a prolonged period of time is not healthyThe _15_ and perhaps most difficult one is the advanced forgiveness of anotherAt some time of our life, you may have been severely wronged or hurt by another person to such a degree that forgiveness seems _16_However, harboring anger and revenge fantasies only keeps you _17_ in victimhood Under such a circumstance, you should force yourself to see the bigger picture By so doing, you will be able to _18_ the focus away from the anger and resentmentIt is only through forgiveness that you can erase wrongdoing and _19_ the memory When you can _20_ release the situation, you may come to see it as a necessary part of your growth1Aturn out Bturn upCbreak up Dbreak out答案：A根據(jù)上文“you can never quite be certain how ”可知，A項“結(jié)果是；證明是”符合語境，即你無法確定未來的情形會是什么樣子。turn out “結(jié)果是”，故選A。2Aimportant BengagedCfailed Dsuccessful答案：C根據(jù)下文“are no less valuable than the experiments that finally prove successful”可知，這里是將失敗的嘗試和成功的嘗試進行比較。C項意為“失敗的”，符合語境。故選C。3Aobviously BnecessarilyCcontinuously Dusually答案：D根據(jù)“in fact”以及上文可知，此處承接上文，指我們通常從失敗中學(xué)到更多。D項意為“通?！?，符合語境。故選D。4Asuccess BfailureCfault Dbenefit答案：A根據(jù)上文“The _2_ experiments, however, are no less valuable than prove successful”可知，失敗的經(jīng)歷比成功的經(jīng)歷更珍貴，所以此處指從失敗中學(xué)到的東西比從成功中學(xué)到的更多。故選A。5Aability BexpectationsCbelief Dexperiences答案：Blive up to one's own expectations意為“達到某人自己的期望”，符合語境，即當(dāng)你認為自己所想的是一個錯誤或者沒有達到自己的期望的時候。故選B。6Amistakes BvictoriesCexperiments Dfantasies答案：A根據(jù)空格后的“implies guilt and blame”可知，A項意為“錯誤”，符合語境，指把過去的行為視為錯誤意味著內(nèi)疚和自責(zé)。故選A。7AStill BThereforeCInstead DHowever答案：B聯(lián)系上下文可知，空格前后兩句話是因果關(guān)系。B項意為“因此；所以”，符合語境。故選B。8Aabsurd BoriginalCemotional Dunusual答案：C根據(jù)常識并結(jié)合選項可知，原諒是一種清除感情債的行為。C項意為“感情的”，符合語境。故選C。9Aordinary BadvancedCalternative Dcertain答案：B根據(jù)上文“beginner forgiveness for yourself”和“beginner forgiveness for another”以及倒數(shù)第四段中的“advanced forgiveness of another”可知，此處指“advanced forgiveness of yourself”，即原諒分成四種：對自己和別人的初級原諒(原諒自己和別人較小的錯誤)、對自己和別人的高級原諒(原諒自己和別人較大的錯誤)。故選B。10Awisdom BmercyCinjury Dshame答案：D根據(jù)上文的“serious misbehaviors”可知，此處指自己帶有深深的愧疚之意。D項意為“慚愧；羞愧”，符合語境。故選D。11Athought BapproachCbehavior Dpurpose答案：C根據(jù)上文“misbehaviors”和“a gap between your standards and your actual _11_”可知，空格處是與“standards(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))”相對的概念。C項意為“行為”，符合語境。故選C。12Apunishing BforgivingCblaming Dpraising答案：B根據(jù)下文“so that you can close this gap”可知，空格處指要努力原諒自己。B項意為“原諒”，符合語境。故選B。13Amean BproveCreflect Drepresent答案：A句意：這并不意味著你要立刻原諒自己，或者一點也不感到愧疚。A項意為“意味著；意思是”，符合語境。故選A。14Aand BorCbut Dso答案：C根據(jù)前文中的“rush to forgive yourself or shouldn't feel regret”和設(shè)空后的“taking pleasure in”可知，前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，C項意為“但是”，表轉(zhuǎn)折，符合語境。故選C。15Auncertain BpremierCnext Dlast答案：D上文提到，原諒一共分為四種類型，上面已經(jīng)列舉了三個，且根據(jù)下文“the advanced forgiveness of another”可知，這里指最后一種類型。故選D。16Aessential BvaluableCimpossible Dunavoidable答案：C根據(jù)上文“you may have been severely wronged or hurt by another person”可知，當(dāng)你被一個人冤枉或傷害很深時，原諒似乎是不可能的。C項意為“不可能的”，符合語境。故選C。17Atrapped BlocatedClost Doccupied答案：A句意：然而，心懷憤怒和報復(fù)的幻想只會讓你陷入受害者的困境之中無法自拔。A項意為“使陷入困境”，符合語境。故選A。18Adrive BdragCput Dshift答案：D根據(jù)上文“you should force yourself to see the bigger picture”可知，這樣有助于你將重心從憤怒和怨恨的情緒中轉(zhuǎn)移，shift away from 意為“將從轉(zhuǎn)移”。故選D。19Akeep BrefreshCweaken Dclean答案：D根據(jù)“through forgiveness that you can erase wrongdoing and”可知，空格處應(yīng)與前面的“erase”相呼應(yīng)，即通過原諒，你可以抹去錯誤、除去不好的記憶。D項意為“除去”，符合語境。故選D。20Anaturally BfinallyCdefinitely Dinitially答案：B句意：當(dāng)你最終能夠從中解脫，你便可能把原諒看成是成長中一個必要的組成部分。B項意為“最終地；最后地”，符合語境。故選B。Cloze 1限時12分鐘(2019·鄭州一中高三摸底測試)The requirements for high school graduation have just changed in my community As a result, all students must _1_ sixty hours of service learning, _2_ they will not receive a diploma Service learning is academic learning that also helps the community _3_ of service learning include cleaning up a polluted river, working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student _4_ a service experience, students must keep a journal and then write a _5_ about what they have learnedSupporters claim that there are many _6_ of service learning Perhaps most importantly, students are forced to think _7_ their own interests and become _8_ of the needs of others Students are also able to learn real life skills that _9_ responsibility, problem solving, and working as part of a team _10_， students can explore possible careers _11_ service learning For example, if a student wonders what teaching is like, he or she can choose to work in an elementary school classroom a few afternoons each month_12_ there are many benefits, opponents _13_ problems with the new requirements First, they _14_ that the main reason why students go to school is to learn core subjects and skills Because service learning is time­consuming, students spend _15_ time studying the core subjects Second, they believe that forcing students to work without _16_ goes against the law By requiring service, the school takes away an individual's freedom to chooseIn my view, service learning is a great way to _17_ to the community, learn new skills, and explore different careers _18_， I don't believe you should force people to help othersthe _19_ to help must come from the heart I think the best _20_ is one that gives students choices: a student should be able to choose sixty hours of independent study or sixty hours of service Choice encourages both freedom and responsibility, and as young adults, we must learn to handle both wisely1Aspend BgainCcomplete Dsave答案：C根據(jù)上文中的“The requirements for high school graduation have just changed in my community”和下文中的“they will not receive a diploma”可推知，所有高中畢業(yè)生必須完成(complete)60小時社區(qū)服務(wù)學(xué)習(xí)，故選C。2Aand BorCbut Dfor答案：B根據(jù)語境可知，前后句表示選擇關(guān)系，表示“否則，他們將不能取得文憑”。or “否則”。3ASubjects BIdeasCProcedures DExamples答案：D根據(jù)下文中的“include cleaning up a polluted river, working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student”可知，此處表示舉例，故選D。4AWith BBeforeCDuring DAfter答案：C根據(jù)語境可推知，此處表示在服務(wù)學(xué)習(xí)期間學(xué)生應(yīng)該做的事情，故選C。5Adiary BreportCnote Dnotice答案：B與語境“students must keep a journal”呼應(yīng)