2022年高考英語復(fù)習 閱讀理解 議論文專題（一）

2022年高考英語復(fù)習 閱讀理解 議論文專題（一）A typical lion tamer（馴獸師）in peoples mind is an entertainer holding a whip( 鞭) at a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but its mostly for show. In reality, it the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair n front of the lions face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion bees confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight., start a business, travel more)only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is been the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we cant focus or that were focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.It doesnt have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing,. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to acplish, someone you want to beetake immediate action. If youre clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.1. Why does the lion tamer use a chair? A. To trick the lion. B. To show off his skills.C. To get ready for a fight. D. To entertain the audience.2. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?A. They feel puzzled over choices. B. They hold on to the wrong things.C. They find it hard to make changes. D. They have to do something for show3. What is the authors attitude towards the expert mentioned in Paragraph3?A. Tolerant.B. Doubtful.C. Respectful.D. Supportive.4. When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, youre advised to _A. wait for a better chanceB. break your old habitsC. make a quick decisionD. ask for clear guidanceB It's generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes. They recycle their garbage because they care about the environment. They pay $5 for a caramel brulée latte because they like expensive coffee drinks. It's undeniable that behavior es from our inner dispositions (性情), but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are, as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bern. By observing our own behavior，we can be strangers to ourselves. If we knew our own minds, why would we need to guess what our preferences are from our behavior? If our minds were an open book, we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes. Actually, we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are. Moreover, we don't just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of characterwe infer characters that weren't there before. Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognize. Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didn't. Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us. We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition. Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make, people bee what they do, though it may not be in pliance (符合) with their true desires. Therefore, we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonnegut's advice: "We are what we pretend to be, so we must be careful about what we pretend to be. “5. According to the passage, personalities and attitudes are monly believed to _ A. determine one's behavior B. reflect one's taste C. influence one's surroundings D. result from one's habits6. Which of the following would Daryl Bern most probably agree with? A. The return of a wallet can indicate one's honesty. B. A kind person will offer his seat to the old. C. One recycles plastics to protect the environment. D, One buys latte out of true love of coffee.7. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the passage? A. We fall to realize our inner dispositions. B. We can be influenced by outside pressures. C. Our behavior is the result of our true desires. D. Our characters can shape our social relationships. 8. What does the author mainly discuss in the passage? A. Personalities and attitudes. B, Preferences and habits. C, Behavior and personalities.D. Attitudes and preferences.CPeople arent walking any more-if they can figure out a way to avoid it.I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel. The journey is a matter of 281 steps. But I used the car. And I wasnt in ay hurry, either, I had merely bee one more victim of a national sickness: motorosis.It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune, for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs. At that time, we regarded 25 miles as good days walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours as sign of strength and skill. It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship. And the effect was lasting. When I was 45 years old I raced and beata teenage football player the 168 steps up the Stature of Liberty.Such enterprises today are regarded by many middle-aged persons as bad for the heart. But a well-known British physician, Sir Adolphe Abrhams, pointed out recently that hearts and bodies need proper is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly. And wlaking is an ideal form of exercise- the most familiar and natural of all.It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot. The man walking can learn the trees, flower, insects, birds and animals, the significance of seasons, the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world, He cannot learn in a car.The car is a convenient means of transport, but we have made it our way of life. Many people dont dare to approach Nature any more; to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat. To them security is a steel river thundering on a concrete road. And much of their thinking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.I say that the green of forests is the minds best light. And none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and everlasting.9. What is the national sickness?A. Walking too muchB. Traveling too muchC. Driving cars too muchD. Climbing stairs too much.10. What was life like when the author was young?A. People usually went around on foot.B. people often walked 25 miles a dayC. People used to climb the Statue of Liberty.D. people considered a ten-jhour walk as a hardship.11. The author mentions Henry Thoreau to prove thatA. middle-aged people like getting back to natureB. walking in nature helps enrich ones mindC. people need regular exercise to keep fitD. going on foot prevents heart disease12. What is pared to “a steel river” in Paragraph6?A. A queue of carsB. A ray of traffic lightC. A flash of lightningD. A stream of people13. What is the authors intention of writing this passage?A. To tell people to reflect more non life.B. To remend people to give up drivingC. To advise people to do outdoor activitiesD. To encourage people to return to walkingD One afternoon last week, I saw three tearful children from my sons school being forted by teachers. That morning, my 11-year-old had stomach pains, retching（干嘔）into a bowl. Talking to other mothers later, I heard about other children with stomachache or difficult sleeping the night before. What caused so much pain? Sports day. Sports day might be necessary at a highly-petitive independent school, but not at a village primary school. For the children who can fly like the wind, sports day cause no problem. For those who are overweight or just not good at sport, it is nightmare（噩夢）. Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the entire school and their parents, it can prove a disease. Why do we put our children through this annual suffering? Some may say petition is character building; or its taking part, not winning, thats important; or thats a tradition of school life. I just felt great pity for those children in tears or in pain. Team games at the end of sports day produced some close races, wild enthusiasm, lots of shouting and were fun to watch. More importantly, the children who were not so fast or quick at passing the ball were hidden a little from everyones eyes. Some of them also had the thrill of being on the winning side. I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less petitive event. Perhaps an afternoon of team games, with a few races for those who want them, would be less stressful for the children and a lot more fun to watch.14. What can we learn about the authors son from Paragraph 1?A. He talked with some mothers. B. He forted his classmates.C. He had difficulty in sleeping. D. He suffered from stomachache.15. Sports day is still an annul event in this school probably because _.A. this is an independent school B. it is a tradition of the schoolC. it helps children lose weight D. children enjoy watching sports16. What does the author think about team games?A. They should include more stressful races. B. They are acceptable to different children.C. They should be abandoned at primary school. D. They are less fun for those who love running.17. What is the authors attitude towards sports day?A. Critical. B. Neutral. C. Positive. D. Ambiguous.