備戰(zhàn)2018年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 書面表達常考素材速用 話題03 人際關(guān)系（含解析）

人際關(guān)系人際關(guān)系指人與人之間的交往與友誼，與家人、朋友、鄰居、親戚或他人之間的情感交流或溝通，如師生關(guān)系、父子關(guān)系、同學(xué)之間的友情等；對他人的感謝、感恩、寬容、道歉、贊揚、微笑等，請求他人同意和幫助、解決問題、處理矛盾沖突、和解，等等。 針對個人感情話題，高考命題人可能會要求考生敘述發(fā)生在身邊的一件事，并表達自己的情感；描述考生在學(xué)校所參加的一次活動，并談?wù)勛约旱捏w會。人際關(guān)系方面，高考命題人可能會選擇上述“課標解讀”中的某一個話題，如寬容、贊揚等，要求考生通過自己或他人的一次經(jīng)歷來發(fā)表看法。以下幾個具體話題值得關(guān)注： (1)有的同學(xué)抱怨父母的期望高、作業(yè)多、壓力太大，或?qū)ι钪械钠渌矫娓械讲粷M，請寫一篇短文，準備在“我們應(yīng)該抱怨生活嗎”的主題班會上發(fā)表你的看法。(2)假如你是李華，一年前你隨父母遷移到某地并進入一所當(dāng)?shù)馗咧芯妥x，由于不懂當(dāng)?shù)氐脑挘瑢W(xué)習(xí)、生活很不順心，請你向某中學(xué)英文報寫一封求助信。 (3)寫一篇短文，參加“增進父母與孩子之間的理解，構(gòu)建和諧家庭”的演講比賽。 (4)就“如何構(gòu)建和諧班集體”談?wù)勀愕目捶ā?(5)描寫你和你的同學(xué)是怎樣建立起友好關(guān)系的。一.話題常用單詞1. acquaintance熟人2.admiration敬佩3. candidate候選人4. communicate交流5. face to face面對面6. contact聯(lián)系7. relationship關(guān)系8. interact互動9.privacy隱私10.mutual相互的二.話題常用短語1. learn from each other 互相學(xué)習(xí) 2. promote the friendship 增進友誼 3. improve the relationship改善關(guān)系 4. show love and concern for sb. 愛護和關(guān)心某人 5. with the booming of the economy隨著經(jīng)濟的繁榮6. with the remarkable improvement of people's living standard隨著人民生活水平的顯著提高 7. advanced science and technology 先進的科學(xué)技術(shù)8. add much spice / flavor to our daily life為我們的日常生活增添了情趣9. It is commonly believed that 人們普遍認為 10. I give my vote to the former / latter opinion.我同意前者(后者)的觀點 11. exchange ideas/emotions/information交流思想/情感/信息12. Undoubtedly/There is no doubt that毫無疑問 13. relieve stress/burden解壓減負14. financial burden經(jīng)濟負擔(dān)15. widen one's horizen/broaden one's vision開闊眼界16. It is undeniable that./There is no denying that. 不可否認17. take effective measures to do sth./something effective must be done to. 采取措施18. make full use of/take advantage of充分利用19. do good to/be beneficial to大有裨益20. lead to/give rise to/contribute to導(dǎo)致、引起21. do harm to/be harmful to對.有害22. make contributions to society奉獻社會三、參考語句 話題常用句型1. Good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other. 善于傾聽使我們彼此走得更近。 2. A good relationship between teachers and students is of great importance for our studies.良好的師生關(guān)系對我們的學(xué)習(xí)很重要。 3. To build a good relationship, we should trust in each other. 要建立良好的關(guān)系，我們應(yīng)該彼此信任。 4. Only in this way can we enjoy an equal relationship. 只有這樣我們才能享有平等的關(guān)系。 5. They find it easy to communicate with their teachers. 他們發(fā)覺很容易和老師溝通。 6. With their help, I tried my best to study hard and succeeded in entering a key university. 在他們的幫助下，我努力學(xué)習(xí)，成功地被一所重點大學(xué)錄取。 7. We should value this harmonious relationship between teachers and students. 我們應(yīng)該珍惜師生之間這種和諧的關(guān)系。8. With the encouragement and support of my father, I have overcome many difficulties in our life. 在父親的鼓勵和支持下，我克服了生活中的許多困難。9. Therell be a football game in our school this week.本周我們學(xué)校有一場足球比賽。10. Think twice before you do. 三思而后行。 11. Great hopes make great man.偉大的抱負造就偉大的人。12. Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. 抱最好的愿望，做最壞的打算。13. Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. 當(dāng)前，一提到即將開始的學(xué)校生活，許多學(xué)生都會興高采烈。14. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我們應(yīng)該不遺余力地美化我們的環(huán)境。15. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.大部分學(xué)生相信業(yè)余工作會使他們有更多機會發(fā)展人際交往能力，而這對他們未來找工作是非常有好處的。16. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.人們普遍認為現(xiàn)代科技使我們的社會發(fā)生了巨大的變化，近幾十年人類在科技方面取得了驚人的進步。17. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.然而，對多數(shù)年輕人來說，校園剛開始的日子并不是什么愉快的經(jīng)歷?！镜淅?1】（2016新課標I卷）假定你是李華，暑假想去一家外貿(mào)公司兼職，已寫好申請書和個人簡歷（ resume ）。給外教MS Jenkins 寫信，請她幫你修改所附材料的文字和格式 （format）。 注意： 1. 詞數(shù) 100 左右; 2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，已使行文連貫。 _【寫作指導(dǎo)】和詞匯以提高作文檔次?！痉段馁p析】Dear Ms Jenkins, I'm Li Hua from your English writing class last term. I'm writing to ask for your help. I'm applying for a part-time job at a foreign company in my city during the summer vacation, and I have just completed my application letter and resume. However, I am not quite sure of the language and the format I've used. I know you have a very busy schedule, but I'd be very grateful if you could take some time to go through them and make necessary changes. Please find my application letter and resume in the attachment. Thank you for your kindness! Yours, Li Hua 【典例02】（2016新課標II卷）假定你是李華，你校攝影俱樂部 （photography club） 將舉辦國際中學(xué)攝影展。 請給你的英國朋友 Peter 寫封信。請他提供作品。信的內(nèi)容包括： 1主題：環(huán)境保護； 2展覽時間； 3投稿郵箱：. 注意： 1詞數(shù) 100 左右；2可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 _【寫作指導(dǎo)】作文檔次?！痉段馁p析】Dear Peter, Our school photography club is going to hold an International High School Student Photography Show. The theme of the show is environmental protection. It will start from June 15th and last three weeks. Any students who is interested in welcome to participate. I know you take good pictures and you've always wanted to do something for environmental protection. I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school. This is surely a good chance for more people to see them. If you want to join, you can send your photos to . Hope to hear from you soon. Yours Lihua 【典例03】（2016新課標卷） 假定你是李華，與留學(xué)生朋友Bob約好一起去書店，因故不能赴約。請給他寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括： 1.表示歉意；2.說明原因；3.另約時間。注意： 1.詞數(shù) 100 左右； 2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 _【寫作指導(dǎo)】文檔次。【范文賞析】Dear Bob, Im sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon. I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble. Shall we go on Saturday morning? We can set out early so that well have more time to read and select books. If its convenient for you, lets meet at 8:30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best. I should be available any time after school next week. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua  【典例04】（2016天津卷）假設(shè)你是晨光中學(xué)的學(xué)生會主席李津。一批來自英國的高中生與你校學(xué)生開展了為期兩周的交流活動?，F(xiàn)在，他們即將回國，你將在歡送會上致辭。請根據(jù)以下提示寫一篇發(fā)言稿。1回顧雙方的交流活動（如學(xué)習(xí)、生活、體育、文藝等方面）； 2談?wù)勈斋@或感想； 3表達祝愿與期望。 注意： 1詞數(shù)不少于 100； 2可適當(dāng)加入細節(jié)，使內(nèi)容充實、行文連貫； 3開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。 Dear friends, _Thank you. 【寫作指導(dǎo)】些高級句型和詞匯以提高作文檔次?！痉段馁p析】Dear friends, How time flies! Its getting close to the end of the communication activities which proved to be great and enjoyable. It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program, which has benefited all of us. During the past two weeks, we have studied in the same classroom and lived in the same dormitory, which has enabled us to know each other better. Doing the same sports on the playground give us the opportunity to promote our friendship. What impress us most is your art skills, in which you showed outstanding talent. We believe that the students in our school have learned a lot from the exchange program. At last, on behalf of all the students in our school, I wish you have a safe and happy journey home and that there will be more programs like this in the future. Thank you. （1）假定你是李華，亞洲冬季運動會將在你居住的地方舉辦，現(xiàn)在正在招募志愿者，你希望成為其中一員。請按要求用英文給組委會寫一封申請信，內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括： 1. 個人情況：年齡、性別、學(xué)歷；2. 個人條件：英語好、愛好體育、善于交往、樂于助人、熟悉本地情況；3. 承諾：提供最佳服務(wù)。注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；2. 開頭語已為你寫好;可適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3. 生詞：申請 apply（v.）,application (n.);志愿者 volunteerDear Sir /Madam,My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for the Winter Asian Games._ _【范文】Dear Sir /Madam,My name is Li Hua .I would like to work as a volunteer for the Winter Asian Games.I am a girl of 18.As a college student, I have a keen interest in sports and I have always been looking forward to the games to be held here.With the great fluency in English and the passion for sports, I suppose I am qualified to be a volunteer for the Games. Besides, I have a good communicative competence and I am considered to be an outgoing, reliable and helpful person at college. Whats more, I am familiar with the local conditions. I promise I will offer the best service to whoever participates in the games.zx&xkNow I formally apply for the job and I sincerely hope I can be accepted.Yours faithfully,Li Hua【寫作指導(dǎo)】寫作過程中注意使用起承轉(zhuǎn)合的連詞和高級詞匯，這樣作文就能得到比較高的分數(shù)?！舅夭姆e累】此文語言流暢，言簡意賅，要點齊全。關(guān)聯(lián)詞語運用得恰到好處，使整個語篇銜接緊密,邏輯清楚。而短文中較多高級詞語和句式的使用也提升了文章的得分檔次。關(guān)聯(lián)詞語： besides, whats more等。亮點詞匯：fluency, qualified, volunteer, reliable, be familiar with, communicative competence等。高級句式：whoever引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(I promise I will offer the best service to whoever participates in the games.)等。（2）假如你是某英文雜志負責(zé)“與讀者對話”欄目的編輯。請根據(jù)下面這封讀者來信寫一封回信，幫助解決讀者來信中提出的問題。注意：1. 詞數(shù)120左右；2. 郵件的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總數(shù)； 3. 可根據(jù)要點適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，使行文連貫。Dear Editor,I am going to take the college entrance examination soon. I have to work harder and harder to prepare for it so that I could enter a good college. However, its hard for me to understand what my teachers say in class. Though I tell myself again and again I should hold on, I have little confidence in myself. What should I do now?Best wishes, Li HuaDear Li Hua,Thank you for your letter. _Best wishes. Editor【范文】Dear Li Hua,Thank you for your letter. As for the entrance exams, you have come too far and worked too hard to quit now. There are only a few months left until the exams so you can make a final push to get the best result you can. I have some tips for you and I hope they are helpful.The first thing you should do is to make a good study plan. If you follow the plan and concentrate on what youre doing, it helps you study effectively. Besides, dont forget to include at least three hours of exercise each week to keep your mind sharp.Whats more, make the most out of class. Preview lessons before the class and it helps you follow the teachers in class and have a good knowledge of what is important but difficult. Do review what is done wrong and learn lessons from mistakes.Above all, building up confidence is essential to success. Only when you believe in yourself, can you keep up your spirits and be successful.Now, take some time to be with your family and enjoy yourself for Spring Festival, then get to work.Best wishes, Editor【寫作指導(dǎo)】用上也要注意，使用相對高級的詞匯提升文章的檔次。【亮點說明】所給范文語言簡潔，運用了一些詞組：make the most out of充分利用， have a good knowledge of 很好了解，Above all最重要的是, building up增強，范文中的句式多變，運用不同的語法知識：The first thing you should do is to make a good study plan. 這句話用了定語從句和不定式，If you follow the plan and concentrate on what youre doing, it helps you study effectively. 這句話用了賓語從句， Do review what is done wrong and learn lessons from mistakes.這句話用個強調(diào)句， Only when you believe in yourself, can you keep up your spirits and be successful. 這句話用了倒裝句，還有文章還使用了Besides, Whats more,這樣的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，使文章更加通順。 （3）假如你是新華中學(xué)的學(xué)生李華，上周在外教Mr. Jackson的口語課上使用手機被老師發(fā)現(xiàn),手機被收走。請用英語給Mr. Jackson寫一封道歉信，內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括以下要點:1.表示歉意；2.解釋上課使用手機的原因;3.提出自己的請求并適當(dāng)表態(tài)。注意：1. 詞數(shù):120左右；2. 信的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計入總詞數(shù)。3. 可適當(dāng)添加細節(jié)以使文章連貫。Dear Mr. Jackson,I am really sorry about my using the mobile phone in your class last week._Best wishes!Yours sincerely,Li Hua【范文】was doing when you caught me.Anyway, using a mobile phone in class was not acceptable to any teacher. I swear it will not happen again. But I do need my phone back to keep in touch with others.Will you be so kind as to give it back to me? Thanks a million!Best wishes!Yours sincerely,Li Hua【寫作指導(dǎo)】本文對考生的要求較高，要求考生首先讀懂原文，再根據(jù)文字提示寫作。原文是一位高三的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)上遇見困難在尋求幫助?；匦诺囊c都隱含在信中，再讀懂文章的基礎(chǔ)上，要考生自己歸納出來，再一一進行解決，考生需要使用合適的連接詞把這些要點連接成文，如to begin with首先；besides而且；whats more等。也要注意運用適當(dāng)?shù)母呒壘湫腿缍ㄕZ從句，強調(diào)句等讓文章不顯得那么平淡，而有文采。在詞匯的運用上也要注意，使用相對高級的詞匯提升文章的檔次。【亮點說明】所給范文語言簡潔，運用了一些詞組：accept my heart-felt apology， for no reason，Above all最重要的是, further information，范文中的句式多變，運用不同的語法知識：I got no choice but to try sending them a text message in class and that was exactly what I was doing when you caught me.這句話用了表語從句和時間狀語從句，I swear it will not happen again.這句話使用了賓語從句。還有文章還使用了therefore, anyway這樣的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，使文章更加通順。（4）假定你是李華，剛剛以優(yōu)異成績從美國某大學(xué)畢業(yè)。你的美國朋友Tony邀請你去他的公司工作，但是你想回國工作。請給Tony寫一封郵件婉拒他的邀請。 內(nèi)容要點包括：1.報效祖國；2.照顧父母；3.發(fā)展空間大。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。Dear Tony Thanks for offering me a job in your company, but I have decided to go back to work in China. _Yours truly,Li Hua【范文】Dear Tony,Thanks for offering me a job in your company, but I have decided to go back to work in China. The reasons are as follows. Firstly, Im a Chinese and I love my country. I feel it my duty to devote all I have learned in America to my motherland to make it stronger. Secondly, my parents are aging, so, as their only son, I need to be with them and take good care of them. Besides, China is developing very fast, which offers more opportunities for me to build my career. Lastly, most of my friends and classmates work in China, that is, it is easier for me to live and work in a familiar environment. I would appreciate it if you can understand my choice. Wish you a splendid future.Yours truly,Li Hua【寫作指導(dǎo)】級詞匯，這樣作文就能得到比較高的分數(shù)?！舅夭姆e累】此文語言流暢，言簡意賅，要點齊全。關(guān)聯(lián)詞語運用得恰到好處，使整個語篇銜接緊密,邏輯清楚。而短文中較多高級詞語和句式的使用也提升了文章的得分檔次。關(guān)聯(lián)詞語：Firstly, Secondly, besides, lastly等。亮點詞匯：as follows, devote, take good care of, offers more opportunities, familiar environment等。高級句式：it作形式主語（I feel it my duty to devote all I have learned in America to my motherland to make it stronger. ）； which引導(dǎo)的定語從句(China is developing very fast, which offers more opportunities for me to build my career.)等。（5）假定你是李華，你的外教Mr. Pick回國前向你推薦了American School Life網(wǎng)站，希望你借此提高英語水平。請你用英語給他寫一封電子郵件，告訴他你的收獲，要點如下： 1.表達思念； 2.上網(wǎng)收獲； 3.表示感激。注意：1. 詞數(shù)100詞左右； 2.可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，以使行文連貫； 3.開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。Dear Mr. Pick,_ Yours, Li Hua【范文】Dear Mr. Pick,It's a fairly long time since you left our school. I miss you very much. Is everything going well?The website youve recommended to me is very beneficial to my English study. It has abundant reading materials that I need most, greatly broadening my horizon. Now I have become more interested in English. Besides, Ive made many new friends and we communicate a lot about school life, cultures, science, and so on. Now I can express myself much better than ever.Thanks to your kindness and consideration, Ive made rapid progress in English study. I owe all my achievements to you. Im looking forward to more advice from you!Yours,Li Hua【寫作指導(dǎo)】【素材積累】此文語言流暢，言簡意賅，要點齊全。關(guān)聯(lián)詞語運用得恰到好處，使整個語篇銜接緊密,邏輯清楚。而短文中較多高級詞語和句式的使用也提升了文章的得分檔次。關(guān)聯(lián)詞：besides亮點詞匯：recommend to sb；be beneficial to，make rapid progress等。高級句式： 定語從句(The website youve recommended to me is very beneficial to my English study.)等。15