【紅對勾 講與練】（新課標(biāo)）2021年高三英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí) 專題十八 語法填空（含解析）

專題十八語法填空一、記敘文高考精萃Passage 1(2014·遼寧卷)Jonny：Hey! I'm just practicing Tai Chi(太極). Would you like to join me?Peter：I know nothing about it. Is it difficult?Jonny：It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this.Peter：OK. Don't laugh _1_ me. I may look funny.Jonny：Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and _2_ (soft). Try to keep your body straight. Move slowly, then be sure to keep your balance and don't let your body shake.Peter：I cannot control my body well. My legs become _3_ (pain)Jonny：Keep _4_ (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let _5_ stay in the air for seconds.Peter：I feel my legs shaking. I cannot do this any longer.Jonny：Be patient! Tai Chi _6_ (call) “shadow boxing” in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well _7_ strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. The _8_ (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you!Peter：Unbelievable! Oh. _9_ you don't mind, I'll stop and take a deep _10_.答案與解析本文是兩人關(guān)于太極拳的對話。約翰尼在教彼得一些簡單動作并向他介紹一些相關(guān)知識。1at句意：不要嘲笑我，我看起來很可笑。laugh at 意為“嘲笑”。2softly句意：膝蓋微彎，自然地，緩緩伸出手臂，像樹枝一樣。所填詞與naturally 是并列關(guān)系，共同修飾動詞短語reach out，故填softly。3painful句意：我的腿痛。become 在此是系動詞，后面應(yīng)填形容詞。故填painful。4holding句意：保持姿勢一會兒。keep doing. 意為“繼續(xù)做某事”。故填holding。5it代指前面的your leg, 故填it。6is called句意：太極在英語中被稱作shadow boxing。Tai Chi 與call 之間為動賓關(guān)系，要用被動語態(tài)。又因說話者在介紹一般事實(shí)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填is called。7as句意：它使你的行動像水一樣既靈活又有力。as well as 為固定短語，意為“既又”。故填as。8harder句意：你越用車去打他，你越容易被打。The more., the more. 為固定句式，意為“越，越?！惫侍頷arder。9if句意：如果你不介意的話，你就停下來深吸一口氣。本句為條件狀語從句，故填if。10breath句意同上。take a deep breath 為固定短語，意為“深吸一口氣”，故填breath。Passage 2(2014·廣東卷)Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said _1_ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months _2_ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We _3_(tell)that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week, _4_ for the week after. I didn't understand _5_ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged _6_ the reservation. What's worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was _7_(surprise)helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on _8_ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.The next day, my brother and I went to the beach _9_ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little _10_(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.答案與解析本文講述了“我”和弟弟去邁阿密旅游所遇到的意外和驚喜。1it句意：曾經(jīng)去過那里的一些朋友說那里是一個非常棒的度假勝地。設(shè)空處指代上文提到的Miami，故填it。2earlier句意：我們提前六個月就預(yù)訂好了，但是前臺工作人員告訴我們出了點(diǎn)差錯。本句出現(xiàn)了過去完成時，可以斷定此處指六個月之前就預(yù)訂好了賓館。earlier 意為“提早的”，在此修飾six months。3were told句意：我們被告知我們的房間不是為了那個星期訂的，而是為后一個星期訂的。主語we和動詞tell 之間為被動關(guān)系，且文章主要時態(tài)是過去時，故填were told。4but本題考查but 的用法。句意見上題解析。not.but. 為固定短語，意為“不是而是”。故填but。5why句意：我不明白為什么會發(fā)生這樣的事情，而且我的信用卡也早已因預(yù)訂扣了款。根據(jù)語義可知填why。6for句意見上題解析。charge sb./sth. for sth. 為固定短語，意為“因而向某人/物收取費(fèi)用”。故填for。7surprisingly句意：她出人意料地給我們提供了(熱情)的幫助。修飾形容詞應(yīng)用副詞形式，故填surprisingly。8the句意：經(jīng)理向我們道歉并把一間備用的頂樓的VIP房間給了我們。top 具有序數(shù)詞的語義特點(diǎn)，序數(shù)詞前要加定冠詞the。故填the。9where句意：第二天，我和弟弟去了海邊，在那里看人們打排球。先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞beach，定語從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，故填where。10sunburnt/sunburned句意：雖然有點(diǎn)被太陽灼傷，但是那一天我們過得是如此的愜意，根本不在乎這一點(diǎn)小事。動詞用于get 之后常用過去分詞形式，表被動。故填sunburnt。Passage 3(2014·課標(biāo)全國卷)Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It _1_ (be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it _2_ (actual)caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of _3_ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasn't changed in a few days _4_ even a few months. It took years of work _5_ (reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is _6_ (clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit _7_ is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation，don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?While there are _8_ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the _9_ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be _10_ (patience)答案與解析本文是一篇議論文。當(dāng)人們面對看似難以改變的現(xiàn)狀的時候該如何應(yīng)對？凱霍加河的污染處理給了我們很好的答案：要努力且有耐心。1was句意：把這條河清理干凈是難以想象的。根據(jù)語境可知，此處應(yīng)為過去時，主語是單數(shù)。故填was。2actually句意：河水污染如此嚴(yán)重，以至于河面都能著火并燃燒起來。本空修飾動詞，應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填actually。3the句意：數(shù)年后，這條河成為了環(huán)境改善的最佳典范。最高級前要用定冠詞，故填the。4or句意：但是，河水不是在幾天或是幾個月內(nèi)變清澈的。本空前后為選擇關(guān)系，都是指一段時間，且用于否定句中，故填or。5to reduce句意：減少工業(yè)污染，清理河道花了數(shù)年時間。It takes/took some time to do sth. 為固定句型，意為“做某事花費(fèi)多長時間”。故填to reduce。6cleaner句意：終于，努力有了回報，現(xiàn)在的河水比以前干凈了?！氨容^級than.”為比較級的固定結(jié)構(gòu)。故填cheaner。7that/which句意：或許你有一個能使家人抓狂的習(xí)慣?？蘸笫嵌ㄕZ從句，修飾先行詞habit。當(dāng)先行詞是物時，定語從句可以用that 或者which引導(dǎo)。8amazing句意：盡管有很多迅速改變的驚人事例，但是對于我們大多數(shù)人來說，改變是漸近的，是需要很多的努力才能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。修飾名詞要用形容詞，故填amazing。9changes句意同上?？蘸骲e動詞是復(fù)數(shù)，因此設(shè)空處應(yīng)為名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。故填changes。10patient句意：只要耐心點(diǎn)就好。系動詞后要用形容詞，故填patient。Passage 4(2014·課標(biāo)全國卷)One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _1_ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _2_ some of them looked very anxious and _3_ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next _4_ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike _5_ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _6_ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept _7_ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked，“_8_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It's _9_ (I)”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers _10_ (sudden) became friendly to one another.答案與解析本文講述的是在作者上學(xué)途中發(fā)生的一件事。一個男孩為了歸還一名乘客落下的手提箱，騎車追了公交車一站路。車上的每個人都對此事感觸頗多。1being句意：一天早上，我正在等公交車，擔(dān)心上學(xué)會遲到。介詞后面用名詞或動名詞作賓語，故填being。2and句意：有很多人在車站等車，而且其中一些人看起來很焦急、失望?？涨昂鬄檫f進(jìn)關(guān)系，故填and。3disappointedand 前后成分一致，而且主語為人，故此空填過去分詞形式的形容詞disappointed，意為“感到失望的”。4to句意：我呆在一個挨著窗戶的地方。next to 為固定短語，意為“緊挨著”。故填to。5caught句意：一個騎車的男孩引起了我的注意。文章在講述一個故事，要用一般過去時，故填caught。6to stop句意：直到我們到了下一站，司機(jī)才停下車。refuse 后接動詞不定式作賓語，意為“拒絕做某事”。7riding句意：然而，男孩一直在騎車(追趕)。keep 后接動名詞作賓語，意為“持續(xù)做某事”，故填riding。8Did句意：有人在上一站丟了一個手提箱么？表示過去發(fā)生的事，用一般過去時；與謂語動詞對應(yīng)的助動詞要用do 的某種形式，故填Did。9me/mine此句可以理解為“是我(丟了箱子)”，故填人稱代詞賓格me；可以理解為“是我的(箱子)”，故填名詞性物主代詞mine。10suddenly句意：這群陌生人突然變得彼此友好起來。修飾動詞became 要用副詞形式，故填suddenly。模擬精選Passage 1(2014·吉林九校聯(lián)合體二模)When I was a little girl, every time my dad was repairing something，he _1_ ask me to hold the hammer, and meanwhile, have a conversation with me. I never saw my dad drinking or taking a night out. All he did after work was taking care of his family.I grew up and left home for college and _2_ then，my dad had been calling me every Sunday morning, no matter what. Several years later I bought a house, _3_ my dad painted by himself for three days in the 80­degree summer heat. All he asked was _4_ me to talk to him. But I was always busy, _5_ (able) to find any time for conversation with him.One Sunday morning we had a telephone talk as usual. I noticed that my dad had forgotten some things we discussed lately. I was in a hurry, so our conversation was short. Later that day came a call _6_ (say) my father was in hospital. Immediately I bought a ticket for a flight and on my way I was thinking about all the _7_ (miss) occasions to have a talk with my dad._8_ the time I got to hospital, my father had passed away. Now it was _9_ who did not have time for a conversation with me. I realized _10_ little I know about my dad，his deepest thoughts and dreams. After his death I learned more about him, and even more about myself.答案與解析父親有一個習(xí)慣，修東西時總是讓“我”拿著錘子和“我”聊天。上大學(xué)后父親每個周日都會給“我”打電話和“我”聊天。他所需要的僅僅是和“我”聊天而已，而“我”卻總是很忙。如今，父親已過世，想和他聊天，人卻已不在。1would考查情態(tài)動詞。would do sth.表示“過去常常做某事”。句意：當(dāng)我還是一個小女孩的時候，每次爸爸修東西，都會讓我拿著錘子，和我說說話。由句意可知，應(yīng)填would。2since考查介詞?！皌hen”在句中指代的是“我長大后離開家上大學(xué)”這個時間點(diǎn)。根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容“無論發(fā)生什么，父親都會在每個周日早上給我打電話”可以推斷，父親的這個動作發(fā)生在“從那時以來”，故填since。3which考查定語從句。先行詞為a house，指物，且定語從句為非限制性定語從句，故用which。4for考查介詞。for在本句中意為“對于”，表對象。句意：他想要的僅僅是讓我和他說說話。5unable考查形容詞。主句提到“我”總是很忙，由此推斷，因此“不能”找時間和父親說說話。故填unable，形容詞短語在句中做結(jié)果狀語。6saying考查非謂語動詞。saying在句中做定語，修飾其前的名詞“a call”，兩者構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故填saying。7missed考查非謂語動詞?！癿issed(錯過的)”在句中做定語，與所修飾的名詞“時刻”之間構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，故用miss的過去分詞形式。8By考查固定搭配?！癇y the time.”為固定句型，意為“到時候”。句意：等我到達(dá)醫(yī)院的時候，我父親已經(jīng)去世了。9he考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的主語。由上文內(nèi)容可知，父親已過世，由此推斷，現(xiàn)在是父親沒有時間和“我”說話了。10how考查副詞?！拔摇币庾R到了對于父親、他內(nèi)心深處的想法以及夢想，“我”了解得有多么少。由句意可知，應(yīng)填how，意為“多么”，修飾其后的形容詞little。Passage 2(2014·長春第三次調(diào)研)The task of being accepted in a university begins early for some students. Long before they graduate _1_ high school, these students take special courses to prepare for advanced study. They may also take one or more examinations that test _2_ well prepared they are for the university. In the final year of high school，they complete _3_ (apply) and send them to the universities _4_ interest them most. Some high school students may be required to have _5_ interview with people from the university. _6_ (neat) dressed and a little bit frightened, they are determined to show that they have a good attitude and the ability to succeed.If the new students _7_ (accept), many universities will offer an instruction program for them to get to know the procedures for students' advising, university rules, the use of the library and all the _8_ major services of the university.Beginning a new life in a new place can be very _9_ (puzzle). The more knowledge students have about the school, the easier _10_ will be for them to adapt to the new environment. However，it takes time to get used to college life.答案與解析一些學(xué)生在上大學(xué)之前就開始了一系列的準(zhǔn)備工作：上一些專門開設(shè)的課程、考試來測試自己的準(zhǔn)備情況或者參加大學(xué)的面試。被錄取后，他們可以盡快地了解學(xué)校的相關(guān)信息，盡早適應(yīng)大學(xué)生活。1from考查介詞。graduate from.為固定搭配，表示“畢業(yè)于”。2how考查副詞。句意：他們可能參加一次或者更多的考試，用以檢驗(yàn)自己為上大學(xué)準(zhǔn)備得怎樣。由句意可知，應(yīng)填副詞how，修飾其后的副詞well。3application考查名詞。complete 為及物動詞，后接apply 的名詞形式application 做賓語。4that/which考查定語從句。定語從句的先行詞為universities，指物，用that/which 引導(dǎo)。5an考查冠詞。句意：一些高中生可能被要求接受大學(xué)的面試。此處用an 表示泛指。6Neatly考查副詞。修飾形容詞應(yīng)用副詞，故用neat 的副詞形式neatly。7are accepted考查謂語動詞。if 條件句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，“學(xué)生”與“錄用”的關(guān)系為動賓關(guān)系，故用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。8other考查形容詞。上文列舉了一系列步驟，下文應(yīng)是“其他”的相關(guān)服務(wù)。9puzzling考查形容詞?？仗幵诰渲凶霰碚Z，修飾主語“Beginning a new life”。句意：在一個新的地方開始新的生活是令人迷惑的。故用puzzling。10it考查代詞?！癷t”在句中做形式主語，代替“to adapt to the new environment”。Passage 3(2014·河南濮陽統(tǒng)一摸底)Some kids may assume that college is very much like their strict high school. But _1_ (actual) there are lots of freedom at college: There's much more latitude (回旋余地，自由) in _2_ (choose) courses to take, _3_ students can focus primarily on subjects that interest them. Their schedule will vary widely, too. Some days they may have no _4_ (course) until noon. Most courses may only meet three times a week. These are interesting details that not every youngster is aware of.In _5_ (add), students will meet many, many new friends. They'll be in a community，_6_ almost everyone is roughly the same age. Colleges _7_ (type) feature scores of clubs, sports, and others activities and thus students aren't likely to be bored. Instead of being out in the working world，they'll be among new friends, _8_ (take) many courses that interest them and enjoying a rich _9_ (society) life.Another compelling(有強(qiáng)烈吸引力的) point is financial. According to the estimated figures, those who have received a college education will make to one's earning power. Obviously a good job today requires _10_ least a college education.答案與解析本文主要講述了上大學(xué)的樂趣。1actually考查副詞?？仗幵诰渲凶鰻钫Z，修飾主句的情況，故用actual的副詞形式。2choosing考查非謂語動詞。in為介詞，其應(yīng)用v.ing形式，故填choosing。3and考查連詞。學(xué)生在選擇要上的課程上更加自由和首先關(guān)注感興趣的課程之間為并列關(guān)系，故用并列連詞and。4courses考查名詞?！癶ave no”相當(dāng)于“doesn't have”，單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞在使用時，其前無定語修飾，應(yīng)使用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填courses。5addition考查固定搭配。in addition表示“此外”，為固定搭配。6where考查定語從句。定語從句的先行詞為community，表地點(diǎn)，再分析定語從句，句子成分完整，故填關(guān)系副詞where。7typically考查副詞?？仗幵诰渲行揎椘浜蟮膭釉~feature，故用其副詞形式。句意：大學(xué)典型地以很多的社團(tuán)，運(yùn)動會和其他的活動為特征。8taking考查非謂語動詞?？仗幵诰渲凶鰻钫Z，其邏輯主語為they，兩者構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式taking。9social考查形容詞?？仗幵诰渲凶龆ㄕZ，修飾其后的名詞life，故用其形容詞形式。10at考查固定搭配。at least表示“至少”，為固定搭配。Passage 4(2014·河南適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練)Dear Diary，Sorry I didn't get to write last night! It was such a busy day，and I was _1_ tired to write anything.I was right about Sarah not being okay. Yesterday, she _2_ (bare) spoke to me，and anything she did say was a “yes” or “no” answer. I _3_ (try) so hard to get her to cheer up，but of course she just kept saying, “I'm fine，I'm fine. ”Uggh! I wish she _4_ honest with me! I'm always honest with her! It's not fair!Jane also seemed mad all day _5_ she could tell that Sarah was not really being nice to her. I hate _6_ (be) in the middle of all of this. What am I _7_ (suppose) to do? Sarah's been my friend since forever, and Jane is my new friend, and I don't want to hurt _8_ (anyone) feelings! But I think that Jane is right about Sarah. I'm worried she was saying mean(刻薄的) things _9_ Sarah to our other friends when she didn't know the truth，but I don't want to tell her that to her face.I wish _10_ (thing) were simple like they were in elementary school.答案與解析作者的老朋友Sarah情緒低落，對作者的態(tài)度十分冷淡，并且對作者的新朋友Jane態(tài)度也十分不友好。作者擔(dān)心Jane會對他人說Sarah的壞話卻又不能對Jane直說，進(jìn)退兩難的作者多希望一切會像上小學(xué)時一樣簡單。1too“too.to.”表示“太而不能”。句意：昨天很忙，我太累了，什么也沒寫。2barely修飾動詞spoke應(yīng)用副詞，故填barely。3tried由上文內(nèi)容可知，本句敘述的是昨天的事情，故用一般過去時。4would be/had been/were句意：我希望她會對我坦誠相待。句中并沒有指明具體的時間狀語，故三種形式均可，分別表示對將來、過去和現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬。5becauseJane似乎一整天也很抓狂，因?yàn)樗部吹贸鯯arah對她不友好。由句意可知，應(yīng)填because，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。6being/to behate后可接“doing”與“to do”兩種形式做賓語。7supposedbe supposed to do sth.表示“應(yīng)該做某事”。8anyone's空格處在句中做定語，修飾其后的名詞feelings，故應(yīng)用anyone's。9aboutabout“關(guān)于”。句意：我擔(dān)心她會說一些關(guān)于Sarah的刻薄的話語。由句意可知，應(yīng)填about。10things空格處后的謂語動詞為復(fù)數(shù)，故賓語從句的主語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式things。Passage 5(2014·河南南丘二模)How Do Learning Habits Influence Learning Results?It's useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. There is a famous saying “Good habits lead to good endings.”， _1_ shows the importance of habits.“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” also shows how a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body. Thus, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results _2_ (include) high scores and abundant knowledge. At first, learning habits form our ways of thinking and _3_ (attitude) to the content of our learning. Obviously, a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. As we _4_ see，developing a good habit is so important _5_ I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habitskeeping a learning diary every day. We can start the habit by _6_ (write) learning summaries and remember to record something impressive and _7_(meaning). Keep _8_ in mind，and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.What's more，I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well. I can only concentrate _9_ reading for a short time and I _10_ (conquer) this problem by spending more effort on concentration practice.I believe that through my efforts，I can gain good learning results by having good habits.答案與解析本文主要向我們講述了好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣會影響學(xué)習(xí)效率。1which考查定語從句。該空引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是“Good habits lead to good endings”這句話，故用which。2including考查非謂語動詞?？仗幵诰渲凶龆ㄕZ，修飾前面的名詞learning results，兩者構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故用including。3attitudes考查名詞。“form”后有兩個并列的名詞做賓語，其一是“ways”，其二應(yīng)用“attitude”的復(fù)數(shù)形式。4can考查固定句型。“As we can see”表示“正如我們看到的那樣”。5that考查連詞。“養(yǎng)成一種好的習(xí)慣如此重要以至于我想介紹一種好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣”。由句意可知，that 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，與so 構(gòu)成“so.that.”句型，表示“如此以至于”。6writing考查非謂語動詞。介詞后應(yīng)使用v.­ing形式。7meaningful考查形容詞。修飾不定代詞時，形容詞后置，“impressive”與“meaningful”同時修飾something。8it考查代詞。it 指代前文“如何養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣”這件事。9on考查介詞。concentrate on. 表示“集中注意力于”。10will conquer考查時態(tài)。克服這個問題是將來的事情，故用一般將來時。Passage 6(2014·河南南陽第三次聯(lián)考)On a very cold evening，an old man was waiting for a ride across the river. He saw several horsemen pass by but he didn't ask for any help. The wait seemed _1_ (end). Then came another rider，the old man _2_ (catch) his eye and said, “Sir, would you mind doing me a favor？” Stopping his horse, he replied, “Of course.” Almost _3_ (freeze)，the old man could not get _4_ the ground. The horseman helped him onto his horse. He took the old man not just across the river, _5_ to his home. “Sir，you didn't even ask the other riders for help, why? What _6_ I had said no and left you there？” the horseman asked. The old man looked at him straight in the eyes and said, “I looked into their eyes. I found they didn't care, _7_ told me it would be useless，but when I looked into _8_， I saw kindness.” These words touched the rider deeply. “Thank you for _9_ you've said. I hope I will never be too busy to help others.” With that，Thomas Jefferson，the _10_ (three) president of the US，turned his horse around and went away.答案與解析本文講述了美國第三任總統(tǒng)好心幫助一位老者過河的故事，彰顯了他的高貴品質(zhì)：再忙也要幫助他人。1endless考查形容詞。seem為系動詞，其后可用名詞/形容詞做表語，上文提到，他看到幾個騎馬人經(jīng)過卻未尋求幫助，由此可以推知，等待是“漫長的”，故用endless。2caught考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)后文的“said”可以推知，此處陳述的是過去的事情，故用一般過去時。3frozen考查形容詞。形容詞在句中做狀語，可以描述主語的狀態(tài)。故此處應(yīng)填“frozen”，表示老人(因長時間的等待)凍僵了。4off考查介詞。句意：老人幾乎凍僵了，無法從地面上移開步伐。表示“從離開”，應(yīng)用介詞off。5but考查固定搭配?！皀ot just.but.”表示“不僅而且”。句意：他不僅把這位老人運(yùn)過河，還把他送回家。6if考查固定句型。“what if.？”為固定句型，表示“要是會怎樣？”。7which考查定語從句。先行詞為they didn't care，指一件事，且此處為非限制性定語從句，故用which，在句中做主語。8yours考查代詞。yours與前文中的their eyes相對，指yom eyes。后半句句意：但是當(dāng)我注視著你的眼睛的時候，我看到了友善。9what考查連詞。for后的賓語從句中缺少賓語，且由句意“謝謝你所說的話”可推知，該空應(yīng)填what。10third考查序數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞、最高級前常用the修飾，且由常識可知，Thomas Jefferson為美國第三任總統(tǒng)，故填third。Passage 7(2014·山西第三次四校聯(lián)考)Do you like travelling? Staying _1_ (health) while _2_ (travel) can help to ensure your trip is a happy and enjoyable one. _3_ you are travelling abroad, here are the tips you need to make your trip much _4_ (easy)Make sure you have got signed passports(護(hù)照) and visas. Also，before you go, fill in the emergency information page of your passport! Make two copies of your passport identification page. This will help a lot if your passport _5_ (steal). Leave one copy at home with friends or relatives. Carry the other _6_ you in a separate place from your passport.Read the Public Announcements or Travel Warnings for the countries you plan to visit. Get yourself familiar with local laws and customs of the countries to _7_ you are travelling.Leave a copy of your itinerary (旅行計劃) with family or friends at home so that you can be contacted in case of an emergency.Do not accept packages from strangers. Do not carry too much money or _8_ (necessary) credit cards. If we make enough _9_ (prepare), we will succeed. Have _10_ good time!答案與解析本文主要就旅行時如何保持身體健康提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。1healthy考查形容詞。句意：在旅行的時候保持身體健康可以確保你享有一個快樂而又舒適的旅行。stay healthy“保持身體健康”。2travelling考查非謂語動詞。此處省略了主語和謂語you are，故用travel的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。3If/When/While考查狀語從句。根據(jù)語境可知，此空既可以用引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的If“如果”，也可以用引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的When/While。4easier考查形容詞的比較級。由空前的much可知，此處應(yīng)用easy的比較級形式。5is stolen考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。passport和steal是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，