2019版高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題限時集訓(xùn)2 細(xì)節(jié)理解之事實認(rèn)定（Ⅱ）（含解析）

專題限時集訓(xùn)(二)細(xì)節(jié)理解之事實認(rèn)定()ASugar Hill Children's MuseumSugar Hill Children's Museum of Art & Storytelling is open to the public on Saturday，October 3 with a FREE kickoff party that includes music，face painting and of course stories and art-making.The museum is designed to serve the youngest New Yorkers with a target audience of 3 to 8 years old.The 17,000-square-foot Sugar Hill Children's Museum of Art & Storytelling is housed in the recently completed affordable and eye-catching housing complex(住房綜合區(qū))at the crossing of 155th Street and St.Nicholas Avenues.Designed by famous architect David Adjaye，the inside space provides a bright，airy feeling contrast to the building's strange outside.You won't find ball holes or water tables at this friendly museum，but plenty of fascinating art decorates the walls.And the art studio spaces and a storytelling lineup which has not yet been released will likely draw crowds.Small touches like hanging art low enough to attract a toddler，as well as its free admission for those 8 and under go a long way in achieving the museum's goal of making art more accessible to preschool and early-elementary aged kids.Where: The Sugar Hill Children's Museum of Art & Storytelling is located at 898 St.Nicholas Avenue，directly above the 155th Street C-train subway stop.Cars are not the best choice regarding to the heavy traffic here.(Strollers (嬰孩車)are allowed in the galleries or can be checked with coats upon arrival.)Hours: The museum will be open on Saturdays and Sundays from noon to 5 pm. during October.Public hours will be added on Thursdays and Fridays from 10 am. to 5 pm. in November.It is reserved for school visits from Monday to Wednesday.Cost：While Saturday's event is FREE，regular admission prices will be $7 for adults and $4 for children aged 9-17；those aged 8 and younger are always FREE.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹最近開放的Sugar Hill兒童藝術(shù)和敘述故事博物館的宗旨、方位、設(shè)計、特點、開放時間以及花費等等相關(guān)情況。1What's the purpose of building the museum?ATo serve a certain group of little kids.BTo satisfy the requirement of the local.CTo offer the young New Yorkers a free place to hold parties.DTo help the public learn about the development of ancient art.A考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“The museum is designed to serve the youngest New Yorkers with a target audience of 3 to 8 years old.”以及第四段的“.go a long way in achieving the museum's goal of making art more accessible.”可知，這個博物館建造的目的是為兒童服務(wù)的。2From the third paragraph，we can learn that the museum .Awill quickly cover a large area of housingBmay increasingly attract people to gather togetherCmay eventually provide more employment opportunitiesDwill gradually bring economic benefits to the local peopleB考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第三段的“And the art studio spaces and a storytelling lineup which.”可推斷出答案。3When can preschool children visit the museum?AOn Thursdays and Fridays in October.BOn Saturdays and Sundays in October.COn Tuesdays and Wednesdays in November.DOn Mondays and Wednesdays in November.B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)“Hours：The museum will be open on Saturdays and Sundays from noon to 5 pm.It is reserved for school visits from Monday to Wednesday.”可知，學(xué)齡前孩子們可以在10月份的周六、周日去參觀。4What can we learn about the admission fee?AIt is free on weekends.BChildren just pay half that of the adults.CStudents can get a discount on Saturday.DPreschool children are free of charge.D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段Cost部分“While Saturday's event is FREE.those aged 8 and younger are always FREE.”可知，學(xué)齡前兒童是免費參觀的。B(2018·洛陽市統(tǒng)一考試)It is quite apparent that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon rain forest.Without it we would not have grown into primates (靈長目動物)Or we would probably still be struggling to sharpen a bronze tool while crawling around on four legs in search of meat.Without competition，Columbus wouldn't have discovered America and Edison would never have invented the light bulb.The friendship，like all relationships between two people，involves competition.It isn't competition in a traditional sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prizes.Perhaps the ecological definition the simultaneous (同時的)demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources，such as nutrients，living space，or light better explains it.As in nature，high school life is governed by a set of laws，similar to a shortened version of Darwin's theory of evolution，overpopulation，and competition.There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them，ranking and categorizing (分類)take place.In high school，friendship coexists with competition even though at times the relationship is rough.In fact，in some circumstances，competition is too much of a burden for friendship to bear，causing it to fall apart.College admission is the final high school objective.Four years of hard work is to achieve good grades，and a student's fate is determined not only by these achievements，but by the records of thousands of other seniors trying to achieve similar recognition.Nevertheless，by necessity，competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life.It sets and improves the standards in everything from sports to schoolwork.Healthy，friendly competition can have only benefits，but when it becomes too fierce，jealousy(妒忌)can tear friendship apart.Yet，despite all this，without competition，we would be lost.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文，主要論述了友誼和競爭之間的關(guān)系，健康的競爭促進(jìn)友誼，而惡性的競爭則破壞友誼。5What does the ecological definition mainly explain?AHow friends compete with each other.BHow to win the competition.CWhat the result of competition is.DWhat competition exactly is.D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。分析第二段最后一句“Perhaps the ecological definitionthe simultaneous(同時的)demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources，such as nutrients，living space，or lightbetter explains it”可知，該句的主干是Perhaps the ecological definition better explains it，其中“it”指代的是前一句中的“competition”。兩個破折號之間的內(nèi)容解釋“the ecological definition”。句意：兩個或者更多的生物體同時對有限的生態(tài)環(huán)境資源有需求，如營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)、生存空間、光這一生態(tài)學(xué)定義更好地解釋了競爭(的含義)。故選D項。6According to the author，what causes the high school students to compete?AThe number of them is too large.BFriendship is a burden for them.CThey know the laws of nature well.DThey are divided into different groups.A考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，高中生活與自然界一樣有一系列的規(guī)則，這與達(dá)爾文關(guān)于進(jìn)化、人口過多和競爭的理論相似。也正是因為學(xué)生人數(shù)眾多，為了區(qū)分，所以對學(xué)生進(jìn)行了排名、分類。再加上考大學(xué)這一高中生活的最終目標(biāo)的壓力，高中生之間的競爭就不可避免地產(chǎn)生了。故選A項。7. Which best describes the relationship of friendship and competition ?AFriendship is always based on competition.BThe degree of competition is vital to friendship.CCompetition is terribly harmful to friendship.DCompetition is a result of lost friendship.B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Healthy，friendly competition can have only benefits，but when it becomes too fierce，jealousy(妒忌)can tear friendship apart”可知，健康的、友好的競爭對友誼有好處，而過于激烈的、存在妒忌的競爭會使友誼破裂。因此競爭的度對友誼是至關(guān)重要的。故選B項。8What does the author think of “competition” ?AThe results of competition are out of control.BCompetition becomes fiercer in high school.CCompetition is certain to happen in high school.DFriendship is not as important as competition in high schools.C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Nevertheless，by necessity，competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life”可知，作者認(rèn)為高中生活的各個方面存在競爭是必然的。故選C項。C (2018·安徽省知名示范高中質(zhì)檢)It is the ideal way for travellers to ensure they wake up with the perfect view a portable Ecocapsule that can be set up anywhere in the world.The innovative，egg-shaped pods ensure travellers can camp in the most extreme corners of the world，with all the luxury of a hotel room.Looking like something in a sci-fi movie，the pod is equipped with solar panels，and a retractable wind turbine，which guarantee solar and wind energy as its power.In this way，the tiny home can let you live comfortably wherever you travel.It even has its own shower and toilet，sleeping area for two，and a small kitchen.It may look like a camp，but at least with the Ecocapsule you can look forward to a hot shower and running water on your travels.The 3,306 lb pods can be transported on your travels in a container or can be towed on a trailer，meaning the possibilities are endless.Bratislava-based Nice Architects are behind the extraordinary Ecocapsules and said they initially designed them for people who stay in the nature for a long time.However，it quickly became apparent that they could be opened up to the wider public and even used in urban areas to combat high rent，and placed on roofs for studio space or living quarters.The Ecocapsule can serve as a cottage，a pop-up hotel or even as a charging station for electric cars.The Ecocapsules could even be quickly imported for housing for emergency teams who have been quickly deployed to help with natural disasters that have destroyed nearby infrastructure.Described by the website as a “Swiss Army knife” it packs everything you need，the self-contained unit can sustain long periods of time without external resources.The 86 sqft pods are able to sleep two people for up to a year and for those worried about a cold night's sleep，the Ecocapsule has a thick layer of efficient heat isolation and energy restoration which significantly reduce heat loss.The pod is designed to withstand harsh weather conditions due to its innovative design and materials used.No wonder the Nice Architects are so confident about its prospect and the producers are receiving heavy orders.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇產(chǎn)品說明文，主要介紹了一種便攜式產(chǎn)品Ecocapsule的功能、設(shè)計原理、大小、技術(shù)構(gòu)造等情況。該產(chǎn)品配有太陽能電池板和可伸縮的風(fēng)力發(fā)電渦輪機(jī)為其提供電能，可以讓兩人同時入住，有良好的隔熱保暖效果。9Where does the Ecocapsule get power?AFrom solar panels and a retractable wind turbine.BFrom a portable battery.CFrom an electric generator.DFrom its shower.A考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，看起來就如科幻電影中的某種東西一樣，該產(chǎn)品里裝著太陽能電池板和可伸縮的風(fēng)力發(fā)電渦輪機(jī)，它們能為其提供電能。據(jù)此可知，該產(chǎn)品由太陽能電池板和風(fēng)力發(fā)電渦輪機(jī)提供能源，故A項正確。10Whom may be the Ecocapsule initially designed for?ACampers.BOffice ladies.CField biologists.DHomeless people.C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段第一句中的“they initially designed them for people who stay in the nature for a long time”可知，該產(chǎn)品是為長期待在野外的人設(shè)計的，C項意為“野外生物學(xué)家”，故C項正確。11Why don't the Ecocapsule's users worry about coldness during their night's sleep?ABecause there is a retractable wind turbine in it.BBecause it has an air conditioner in it.CBecause it is a self-contained unit.DBecause it is equipped with a thick layer to reduce heat loss.D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段中的“for those worried about a cold night's sleep，the Ecocapsule has a thick layer of efficient heat isolation and energy restoration which significantly reduce heat loss”可知，對于那些擔(dān)心夜晚寒冷的人來說，該產(chǎn)品有一層厚的高效隔熱和能量恢復(fù)層，可以有效減少熱量損失。故D項正確。12How do the designers view the Ecocapsule's future market?ANegative.BOptimistic.CWorried.DDoubtful.B考查觀點態(tài)度。根據(jù)文章最后一句“No wonder the Nice Architects are so confident about its prospect and the producers are receiving heavy orders”可知，Nice Architects對該產(chǎn)品很自信，生產(chǎn)商也收到了大量的訂單；結(jié)合本文描述的該產(chǎn)品的功能和高科技特點等可以判斷，該產(chǎn)品設(shè)計者對此產(chǎn)品的市場前景持積極的態(tài)度，故B項正確。6