（全國(guó)通用版）2019高考英語(yǔ)三輪沖刺提分練 組合練 第4練 閱讀理解+完形填空+語(yǔ)法填空+短文改錯(cuò)

閱讀理解+完形填空+語(yǔ)法填空+短文改錯(cuò).閱讀理解Runnersneedtomove15percentfasteronatreadmill(跑步機(jī)) toburnthesamenumberofcaloriesasjoggingoutdoors，researchreveals.ResearchersfromMilanUniversityanalyzedthedifferencebetweenrunningoutdoorsandonatreadmillin15physicallyfitmaleswithanaverageageof21.Theparticipantscompletedasprint(短距離快速跑) for30secondsfollowedby30secondsofrecoveryforatotalof15minutesbothoutdoorsandonatreadmill.Oxygenuseandexerciseintensity(強(qiáng)度) weremeasuredafterbothtypesofrunning.ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalofAppliedPhysiology，NutritionandMetabolism.Resultsrevealedthatwhenonatreadmill，runnersusesignificantlyloweramountsofoxygen，suggestinglesseffortisrequired.Therefore，runnersmustmove15percentfasteronatreadmilltoburnthesameamountofcaloriesasexercisingoutdoors，thestudystated.Thestudyauthorswrote，“A15percentincreaseinrunningspeedduringaperiodofstoppingandstartingofteninhighintensitytreadmilltrainingsessionisthebestpossiblesolutiontoreachingthesamephysiologicalresponsesasanoutdoortrainingsession.”Althoughthestudydidnotspeculate(推測(cè)) whytreadmillrunningappearstobeneedinglesseffortandenergy，previousresearchsuggeststhemovingbeltofatreadmillmovesjoggersforward，causingthemtomovefaster.Exercisingindoorsalsomeansgym­goersdonothavetodealwithsteephillsorwindresistance.MichaelSilverman，directorofrehabilitationandwellness(康復(fù)科) atNorthernWestchesterHospital，said，“Outdoors，youarechangingsurfacesconstantly，fightingthewind，andmakingquickandsuddenstartsandstops，whichallleadtoincreasedcaloricburn，”Shapemagazinereported.“Andwhilewedontrecommendrunninginextremetemperatures，itisworthnotingthatyourbodyburnsextracaloriestoregulateyourbodytemperature，”hesays.1Wherecanyoufindthespecificfindingsofthestudy?AInParagraph2.BInParagraph3.CInParagraph4.DInParagraph5.2Whatcanweknowaboutthestudy?AItsparticipantswereall21yearsold.BIttookoxygenuseandexerciseintensityintoconsideration.CItrevealedwhytreadmillrunningconsumeslesscalories.DMichaelisoneoftheresearchers.3Whydoesrunningonatreadmillseemeasieraccordingtothestudy?ATherunnersneedlessenergy.BTherunnerscanusuallygetenoughoxygen.CTheintensityofrunningonthetreadmillismorestable.DThemovingbeltpushesjoggersforward.完形填空(2018·山東濱州二模)IamsothankfulthatIhadtheopportunitytospreadalittleloveandkindnesstoday.Ihaddoctors4inatownthatsabout45minutesfromwhereIlived.Afterbothmyappointmentswere5，Istartedwalkingawayfromthebuildingand6anelderlywomanstandingatthegateanxiously.I7myselfandaskedifshewaswaitingforsomeoneorsheneeded8.Asitturnedout，shewashaving9walkingthedistanceandhadaskedforawheelchairandastaffmemberto10herupbutnoonehadcomeyet.Virginiaheatwaskindtonoone，andIwas11forthisdearladyshealth.Iaskedherto12whileIwenttogetherwheelchairmyself.Irantothehelpdeskandaskedfora13toassisttheladyoutside.Thereceptionistaskedme，“Isthelady14？”Iwasupsetatthequestionandanswered，“Shesabitlarge，Isuppose，butiftransportingherisa(n) 15foryou，Iamwillingtodoitmyself.”Shelookedsortofshockedbymy16，butthewomanoutsideneededhelp，nomatterher17.ThehelpdeskwomanandIwalkedtotheendofthepassage(走廊) tothenowseatedlady.Helpdeskperson18herhandtohelpthelady，butshesaid“No，Imfine.Iwanttograbontoher19help.”Shewastalkingaboutme.Ihelpedthewomanintothewheelchairbutfirstlockedthebrakessothatshewouldbe20.Aftershewasseated，shesoftly21meformyhelp.WhenIreturnedhome，whathappenedtometodaykeptgoingthroughmymindandremindedmehowmuchI22theopportunitytohelpthelady.Itgavemeasenseoffulfillmentanda23heart.4A.callsBordersCexaminationsDappointments5A.madeBdoneCarrangedDbooked6A.recognizedBknockedCnoticedDgreeted7A.excusedBhelpedCexpressedDadjusted8A.adviceBreferenceCtreatmentDassistance9A.pressureBtroubleCdangerDfear10A.pickBgetCmakeDkeep11A.readyBresponsibleCthankfulDconcerned12A.helpBmoveCwaitDstand13A.wheelchairBcarCfriendDstranger14A.heavyBsickColdDweak15A.businessBmistakeCissueDchoice16A.wisdomBcommentCpersuasionDcalmness17A.shapeBageCcharacterDsize18A.gaveupBreachedoutCgaveoutDstuckto19A.withBbyCforDabout20A.strongerBsteadierCslowerDfaster21A.calledBbeggedCaskedDthanked22A.appreciatedBneededCexpectedDfound23A.enjoyableBfamiliarCpeacefulDneedy.語(yǔ)法填空(湖南三湘名校教育聯(lián)盟高三模擬)HutongisakindofancienttypicalcitystreetinBeijing.24.(surround) theForbiddenCity，manywerebuiltduringtheYuan，MingandQing25.(dynasty)Inordertoestablishthestrongestpowerforemperors，theroyalfamilyplannedthecityandarrangedtheresidentialareas(住宅區(qū))TheForbiddenCity26.centeroftheBeijingcity，wastheroyalpalace.AttheendoftheQingdynasty，after27.(close) Chinacameundertheinfluencefromabroad，manyoldhutongslosttheirformerneat28.(arrange)AfterthefoundingofthePeoplesRepublicofChinain1949，theconditionsofhutong29.(improve)Butinrecentyears，thehousesinmanyhutongshavebeenpulleddownandthenreplaced30.modernbuildings.Andthehutongstodayarefadingintotheshadeforbothtourists31.localpeople.However，intheurbandistrictofBeijing，hutongsstilloccupyonethirdofthetotalarea,32.(provide) housingforhalfpopulation，somanyhutongs33.(survive) theseyears.Inthisrespect，weseeBeijingasanancientyetmoderncity.短文改錯(cuò)(2018·山東濟(jì)南二模)ThiswinterholidaymyclassmatesandIgototheSunshineWelfareHouseforvoluntarywork.Afterwewentthere，wetalkedabouthowwecoulddoforthekidsoverthephone.Thenextday，wearrivedattherewithgiftswehadprepared，andwereceivedawarmlywelcome.Thenwebegantoplaywiththem.Idrewpicturewiththeolderkids，andmyclassmatestoldstoriestotheyoungones.Wespentthewholeafternoonwiththem，talkedandlaughing.Itwasgettinglate.Wewavedgoodbyetohimandfeltdelightedtoabletoaccompanythosechildren.答案解析.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了在跑步機(jī)上跑步比在戶外跑步更省力，因此其健身效果不如在戶外跑步好。1B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干問(wèn)及你能在哪里找到這項(xiàng)研究的具體發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，研究成果發(fā)表在加拿大的應(yīng)用生理學(xué)、營(yíng)養(yǎng)與代謝雜志上；而第三段后邊的內(nèi)容講述的正是這項(xiàng)研究的具體發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。2B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Oxygen use and exercise intensity(強(qiáng)度) were measured after both types of running.”可知，在這項(xiàng)研究中，氧氣使用量和運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度都被考慮在內(nèi)。故選B。3D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的“running on a treadmill seem easier”定位到倒數(shù)第二段的“the moving belt of a treadmill moves joggers forward，causing them to move faster”，由此可知，跑步機(jī)的傳送帶帶動(dòng)慢跑者向前移動(dòng)，從而使他們跑得更快、更省力。故選D。.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是作者在醫(yī)院幫助一位老人的故事。作者很感激有機(jī)會(huì)傳遞一點(diǎn)愛(ài)和善良。4Dcall電話；order命令；examination檢查；appointment約定。根據(jù)“I had doctors in a town thats about 45 minutes from where I lived.”可知，我在一個(gè)離我住的地方大約45分鐘車程的小鎮(zhèn)上預(yù)約了醫(yī)生。故選D。5Bmake制造；do做，完成；arrange安排；book預(yù)定。根據(jù)“After both my appointments were ，I started walking away from the building.”可知，在預(yù)約結(jié)束后，我開始從大樓里走出來(lái)。故選B。6Crecognize認(rèn)識(shí)；knock敲，碰擊；notice注意到；greet問(wèn)候。我開始從大樓里走出來(lái)，注意到一位老婦人焦急地站在門口。故選C。7Aexcuse原諒；help幫助；express表達(dá)；adjust調(diào)整。根據(jù)“I myself and asked if she was waiting for someone or she needed .”可知，我說(shuō)打擾了，問(wèn)她是否在等人。故選A。8Dadvice建議；reference參考；treatment治療，對(duì)待；assistance幫助。我問(wèn)她是否在等人，或者她需要幫助。故選D。9B根據(jù)該空后的“.had asked for a wheelchair.”可知，她走這段路有困難，所以要求坐輪椅。故選B。10Apick sb.up接載某人。根據(jù)該空前的a staff member可知，老婦人要坐輪椅，所以還需要一名工作人員來(lái)接她。11Dready準(zhǔn)備好的；responsible負(fù)責(zé)任的；thankful感謝的；concerned牽掛的。根據(jù)“Virginia heat was kind to no one，and I was for this dear ladys health.”可知，弗吉尼亞州的炎熱對(duì)任何人都不友好，我很擔(dān)心這位親愛(ài)的女士的健康。故選D。12Chelp幫助；move移動(dòng)；wait等待；stand站立。根據(jù)“I asked her to while I went to get her wheelchair myself.”可知，我請(qǐng)她等著，我去給她要輪椅。故選C。13Awheelchair輪椅；car小汽車；friend朋友；stranger陌生人。根據(jù)“I ran to the help desk and asked for a to assist the lady outside.”可知，我跑到服務(wù)臺(tái)，要了一個(gè)輪椅來(lái)幫助外面的女士。故選A。14Aheavy重的；sick生病的；old老的；weak虛弱的。根據(jù)常識(shí)以及作者的回答“Shes a bit large，I suppose，but if transporting her is a(n) for you，I am willing to do it myself.”可知，接待員問(wèn)的是“那位女士重嗎？”故選A。15Cbusiness生意；mistake錯(cuò)誤；issue問(wèn)題；choice選擇。根據(jù)下文的“I am willing to do it myself.”可知，作者說(shuō)的是：如果運(yùn)送她對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)問(wèn)題的話，我愿意自己去做?？芍xC。16Bwisdom智慧；comment評(píng)論；persuasion勸說(shuō)；calmness冷靜。根據(jù)上文和常識(shí)可知，作者這樣說(shuō)，讓對(duì)方感到很吃驚。故選B。17Dshape形狀；age年齡；character性格；size大小。根據(jù)上文可知，對(duì)方詢問(wèn)女士的體重，作者說(shuō)她體形有點(diǎn)大?？芍颂幹杆捏w形大小。故選D。18Bgive up放棄； reach out伸出；give out分發(fā)；stick to堅(jiān)持。根據(jù)“Help desk person her hand to help the lady，”可知，是伸手去幫助那位女士，故選B。19C根據(jù)“but she said No，Im fine.I want to grab on to her help.”可知，咨詢臺(tái)的人伸出手去幫助那位女士，但那位女士不想讓作者幫忙而是想抓住作者的手讓她幫忙。故選C。20Bstronger更強(qiáng)壯的； steadier更穩(wěn)定的；slower更慢的；faster更快的。根據(jù)“I helped the woman into the wheelchair but first locked the brakes so that she would be .”可知，我?guī)椭俏慌孔狭溯喴?，但首先鎖住了剎車，這樣她就能更穩(wěn)當(dāng)了。故選B。21Dcall打電話；beg祈求；ask問(wèn)；thank感謝。根據(jù)“After she was seated，she softly me for my help.”可知，在她坐好后，她溫柔地感謝我的幫助。故選D。22Aappreciate欣賞，感激；need需要；expect期盼；find發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文的描述可知，此處表示作者感激有機(jī)會(huì)幫助這位女士。故選A。23Cenjoyable快樂(lè)的；familiar 熟悉的；peaceful和平的，平靜的；needy貧窮的。根據(jù)“It gave me a sense of fulfillment and a heart.”可知，它給了我一種成就感和一顆平靜的心。故選C。.24Surrounding考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。many和surround之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。25dynasties考查名詞的用法。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指元、明、清三個(gè)朝代，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。26the考查冠詞的用法。此處特指“北京市的中心”，故用定冠詞the。27closed考查形容詞作定語(yǔ)。此處是說(shuō)封閉的中國(guó)受到外國(guó)的影響。修飾名詞China，所以要用其形容詞形式closed。28arrangement考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處缺少賓語(yǔ)，所以填其名詞形式arrangement。29wereimproved考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的in 1949可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；此處意為：胡同的狀況得到了改善。故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。30by考查介詞的用法。be replaced by被所取代，故用介詞by。31and考查連詞的用法。此處是both.and.結(jié)構(gòu)，表示并列關(guān)系。32providing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。hutongs與provide之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。33havesurvived考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：這些年，很多胡同已經(jīng)幸存下來(lái)了。根據(jù)該空后的these years可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。.ThiswinterholidaymyclassmatesandItotheSunshineWelfareHouseforvoluntarywork.wewentthere，wetalkedaboutwecoulddoforthekidsoverthephone.Thenextday，wearrivedat therewithgiftswehadprepared，andwereceivedawelcome.Thenwebegantoplaywiththem.Idrewwiththeolderkids，andmyclassmatestoldstoriestotheones.Wespentthewholeafternoonwiththem，andlaughing.Itwasgettinglate.Wewavedgoodbyetoandfeltdelightedtoabletoaccompanythosechildren.9