2020高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 4 Making the news練習(xí)（含解析）新人教版必修5

Unit 4Making the news.閱讀理解APersuasion is the art of convincing someone to agree with you.According to the ancient Greeks,there are three basic tools of persuasion:ethos,pathos,and logos.Ethos is a speakers way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy,honest and reliable.One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education he has in the field.After all,youre more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman.A speaker can also create ethos by convincing the audience that he is a good person.If the audience cannot trust you,you will not be able to persuade them.Pathos is a speakers way of connecting with the audiences emotions.For example,a politician who is trying to convince the audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war.These words are intended to fill the audience with fear,thus making them support him.Similarly,an animal charity might show the audience pictures of injured dogs and cats,to make the viewers feel pity.If the audience feel bad for the animals,they will be more likely to donate money.Logos is the use of facts,statistics,or other evidence to support your argument.The audience will be more likely to believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims.Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”.Although ethos,pathos,and logos all have their strengths,they are often most effective when used together.Indeed,most speakers use a combination of ethos,pathos,and logos to persuade their audience.So,the next time you listen to a speech,watch a commercial,or listen to a friend who try to convince you to lend him some money,be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.1.How is a speaker able to show his ethos to the audience?A.By expressing his sympathy with the audience.B.By telling the audience about his personal preference.C.By using beautiful language to make his statements attractive.D.By showing his knowledge and experience relating to the topic.2.What can we learn about the three aspects of persuasion?A.Ethos is the most important aspect of persuasion.B.Each aspect has a different effect on the audience.C.Honesty is the key to making your arguments believable.D.Political leaders never use pathos to persuade their audience.3.An advertisement for washing powder which claims that “scientific tests show that our powder kills 95% of all bacteria” is mainly using . A.ethosB.pathosC.logosD.a combination of all three語篇解讀:文章介紹了三種說服他人的技巧。答案及剖析:1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知,演講者可以通過解釋他在該領(lǐng)域的經(jīng)驗(yàn)或者教育程度來展現(xiàn)他的道德思想。2.B推理判斷題。文章介紹了persuasion的三種基本技巧:ethos,pathos和logos,并分別說明了每種技巧的作用以及具體的操作方法。B項(xiàng)意為“每個(gè)方面都能對觀眾產(chǎn)生不同的影響”,符合題意。3.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知,logos通過使用事實(shí)、數(shù)據(jù)以及其他證據(jù)來支持你的觀點(diǎn),題目中提到“科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)表明我們的洗衣粉能殺死95%的細(xì)菌”,由此可知答案。BSometimes life trips you up,but knowing how to approach failure can be the first step to success.When author J.K.Rowling addressed the graduating class at Harvard last June,she didnt focus on success.Instead,she spoke about failure.She related a story about a young woman who gave up her dream of writing novels to study something more practical.However,she ended up as an unemployed single mom.But during this hard time,she realized she still had a wonderful daughter,an old typewriter,and an idea became the foundation for rebuilding her life.“Perhaps youve heard of Harry Potter?You might never fail on the scale I did,”Rowling told the audience.“But it is impossible to live without failing in something,unless you live so cautiously that you might as well not have lived at all.You will never truly know yourself,or the strength of your relationships,until both have been tested by hardships.Such knowledge is a true gift,for it is painfully won,and it has been worth more to me than any qualification I have ever earned.”Lots of Americans are tasting failure for the first time now and immediately trying to spit it out.Whether its unemployment,or the evaporation(消失) of hard-earned savings,the have-it-all generation suddenly lose everything they own.Next,youll learn how the brain responds to failure and how it can be reprogrammed for success using some simple tricks.Youll also find advice from a successful entrepreneur(企業(yè)家) who claims that times like these are actually among the best for launching dreams.But most valuable,youll meet some ordinary people who were in some tough situations.A few cheered up;others got depressed.But even though their stories are quite different,the outcomes are the same.They all bounced back.And you can,too.As Rowling herself would admit,it doesnt take a wizard(奇才) to do it.4.We learn from Paragraph 2 that . A.college students have never suffered a defeatB.it is normal for you to fail at something in lifeC.if you are very cautious,you can enjoy your lifeD.you need a daughter and a typewriter to succeed5.Which of the following statements would J.K.Rowling agree to?A.The knowledge we accumulate is a true gift for us.B.Our experience is more valuable than qualifications.C.We can understand ourselves better in time of danger.D.Our bitter experience helps us to realize our strength.6.What did some ordinary people do in some tough situations according to the passage?A.They remained in high spirits.B.They took their fate lying down.C.They decided to quit. D.They insisted until succeeded.語篇解讀:人人都渴望成功。著名小說家J.K.Rowling向我們講述了如何從失敗走向成功。答案及剖析:4.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段J.K.Rowling所說的“人生是不可能不經(jīng)歷失敗的,除非你活得非常謹(jǐn)慎,謹(jǐn)慎到根本就不能算是在生活”可知,人生中遭遇失敗是正常的。5.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知,J.K.Rowling認(rèn)為,當(dāng)你沒有遭遇逆境的時(shí)候,你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)真正地了解自己,不知道你在處理人際關(guān)系方面的優(yōu)勢。可見她認(rèn)為逆境可以幫助人們了解自己的優(yōu)勢。6.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的倒數(shù)第二、三句可知,盡管那些遭遇困境的普通人的經(jīng)歷各不相同,但是最后的結(jié)果都一樣,他們都重新站起來了。也就是說,他們堅(jiān)持到底,最終都取得了成功。.語法填空“Guys,it is Reading Workshop time now.When calling your table number,1. (get) your things,please!”said Mrs.Toalson.She 2. (hold) a cup that had many sticks in it;on every stick was written each students name and table number. What did she mean?Probably books,I thought.Mrs. Toalson picked a stick 3. of the cup and said,“Okay,Aniqas table.Table two,you may get your 4. (thing).”Then my four classmates ran for the cushions in the bathtub(浴缸).Mrs. Toalson kept 5. (pick) sticks and calling out different table numbers. “Kate,you may use the bathtub,”Mrs.Toalson said.“Gosh!Use the bathtub?Is Kate going 6. (take) a bath?”I wondered.Kate was the girl who had pretty brown hair.She ran 7. (happy) with her book to the bathtub and 8. (lie) down in it.As she read,she cuddled(擁抱)a teddy bear.I bet it must be comfortable reading in a bathtub. Except for lucky Kate,everybody had to read elsewhere.Some were sitting on the seats,some were lying down under the table,9. everybodys reading pose was different.Regina thought that it would be more fun to read outside on the grass.10. a great idea!The next day our whole class went to the park across the street from our school.It was amazing! 語篇解讀:文章主要講述了在閱讀課上,學(xué)生不用端端正正地坐在椅子上,可以靠在墊子上,臥在浴缸里甚至是在公園里享受閱讀的趣味。答案及剖析:1.get分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是祈使句,故用動(dòng)詞原形。2.was holding此處指過去正在發(fā)生的事情,用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。3.out此處指“從杯子里面拿出來”,故用out。4.things此處是復(fù)數(shù)概念,故用things。5.picking此處是固定結(jié)構(gòu)keep doing sth.,意思是“一直做某事”。6.to take此處是固定句型be going to do sth.,意思是“打算做某事”。7.happily此處需用副詞修飾謂語動(dòng)詞。8.lay此處與ran并列,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。9.and此處表示并列關(guān)系,故用and。10.What此處為感嘆句,中心詞為名詞,故用what引導(dǎo)。.書面表達(dá)假定你是武漢晨光中學(xué)的李華,你的澳大利亞筆友Mark最近給你發(fā)來郵件,說他準(zhǔn)備參加武漢12月31日舉辦的冬季馬拉松比賽(marathon race),希望你幫助他預(yù)定好旅館,并帶他游覽市內(nèi)著名景點(diǎn)(如黃鶴樓 the Yellow Crane Tower,東湖 East Lake)。請你給他寫封回信,內(nèi)容包括:1.回復(fù)他的要求;2.詢問他到達(dá)的具體時(shí)間,待多久,以便你作具體安排。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可適當(dāng)添加細(xì)節(jié),使行文連貫;3.開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Dear Mark,   Yours,Li HuaOne possible version:Dear Mark,Im very glad to have received your letter,saying that you would take part in the Winter marathon race to be held in Wuhan on December 31.It is my pleasure to arrange for your accommodation and show you around some of the famous scenic spots here after the race,such as the Yellow Crane Tower and East Lake.Ill do my best to satisfy your need and guarantee you a pleasant journey.Just tell me the exact time of your arrival and how long you will stay in your next letter,so that I can pick you up at the airport and make a proper arrangement.By the way,wish you good luck in the marathon race!Looking forward to your early reply and expecting your arrival.Yours,Li Hua6