2020版高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題三 完形填空 3 議論文學(xué)案 新人教版

3.議論文A(2019·四川雙流中學(xué)模擬)話題：知足常樂(lè)難度：建議用時(shí)：17分Historybooksarefilledwithwealthypeoplewhowerepracticallypoorcomparedtome.Ihavestormwindows，1Croesus，thelastkingofLydiawhowasincrediblyrich，didnot.Theentirepopulation2beforeAlexandertheGreat，buthecouldntbuyunpackedcatfood.William，whoconqueredEnglandsome930yearsago，3acompoundsaw(復(fù)合鋸)Givenhowmuch4Iamthansomanyfamous5people，youdthinkIdbecontent.However，the6isthat，likemostpeople，Icomparemywealthwith7oflivingpersons：neighbors，schoolclassmates，TVpersonalities.The8IfeeltowardmyfriendHowardsnewkitchenisnot9bythefactthatnoFrenchking10hadarefrigeratorwithglassdoors.Thereisreallynorisingorfalling11ofliving.Overthecenturiespeoplesimplyfinddifferentthingsto12about.Youdthinkthatmerelynothavingadiseasewouldputusinagood13，butno，wewantahotbathtub，too.Ofcourse，onewaytoachievehappinesswouldbeto14thatevenbycontemporarystandardsthethingsI15areprettynice.Myhouseis16thanthehousesofmanyinvestmentbankers，butevensoithasalotmoreroomsthanmywifeandIcankeep17.18topeoplelookingbackatourerafromacenturyortwointhefuture，thosebankers，fancycountertopsandmyownwornoneswillseem19shabby.Icant20myneighborrightnow.Butjustwait.1A.asBwhileCwhenDsince答案B解析as由于；while然而；when當(dāng)時(shí)候；since既然。根據(jù)本句句意“我有防風(fēng)窗，而呂底亞的最后一位非常富有的國(guó)王克里薩斯卻沒(méi)有?！笨芍?，此處是并列句，前后形成鮮明對(duì)比，while“然而”符合語(yǔ)境。故答案為B。2A.jumpedBsmiledClaughedDtrembled答案D解析jump跳躍；smile微笑；laugh大笑；tremble顫抖。根據(jù)本句句意“在亞歷山大大帝面前，所有的人都戰(zhàn)栗不已，但他卻買(mǎi)不到?jīng)]有包裝的貓糧?！奔癰ut可知前后是一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故答案為D。3A.lackedBpossessedCabandonedDlost答案A解析lack缺乏；possess擁有；abandon遺棄；lose丟失。根據(jù)本句句意“930年前征服英國(guó)的威廉一世缺少一把圓鋸。”并按合上文中的“didnot”和“hecouldntbuy”可知，填lacked。故選A。4A.welloffBbetteroffCworseoffDbadlyoff答案B解析welloff處境好；betteroff經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況更好的；worseoff更糟糕的；badlyoff窮困的。根據(jù)“youdthinkIdbecontent”可知，作者比這么多已逝的名人經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況更好。故選B。5A.livingBaliveCdeadDdeadly答案C解析living活的；alive活潑的；dead死的；deadly致命的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，前面提到的這些人已經(jīng)死去，故選C。6A.problemBdangerCpleasureDquestion答案A解析problem棘手的問(wèn)題，難題；danger危險(xiǎn)；pleasure快樂(lè)；question問(wèn)題。由However，可知，作者的問(wèn)題是與活著的人比財(cái)富。故選A。7A.thoseBthisCthatDone答案C解析作者拿自己的財(cái)富與活著的人的財(cái)富相比較。此處用that替代不可數(shù)名詞wealth，故答案為C。8A.surpriseBenvyCangerDpuzzle答案B解析surprise驚訝；envy嫉妒；anger生氣；puzzle迷惑。作者妒忌朋友家的新廚房。故選B。9A.increasedBrelievedCaddedDrefused答案B解析increase增加；relieve減輕；add添加；refuse拒絕。作者并沒(méi)有因?yàn)闆](méi)有一個(gè)法國(guó)國(guó)王有過(guò)玻璃門(mén)冰箱這個(gè)事實(shí)而減輕了對(duì)朋友新廚房的嫉妒。故選B。10A.everBneverCoftenDsometimes答案A解析ever曾經(jīng)；never從來(lái)沒(méi)有；often經(jīng)常；sometimes有時(shí)候。句意參考上題解析。故選A。11A.conditionBlevelCstoneDstandard答案D解析condition狀況；level水平；stone石頭；standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?！吧顦?biāo)準(zhǔn)確實(shí)沒(méi)有上升或下降?！惫蔬xD。12A.talkBcareCcomplainDjoke答案C解析talk談話；care關(guān)心；complain抱怨；joke笑話。幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，人們只是找到不同的事情來(lái)抱怨。complainabout“抱怨”，故選C。13A.moodBexpressionCstateDstatus答案A解析mood情緒；expression表情；state狀態(tài)；status地位。不是僅僅沒(méi)有疾病就能讓我們心情好。inagoodmood“有一個(gè)好心情”，故選A。14A.suggestBrealizeCsupposeDexpect答案B解析suggest建議；realize意識(shí)到；suppose假設(shè)；expect期盼。獲得幸福的一個(gè)方法就是意識(shí)到，即使以當(dāng)代的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)衡量，我擁有的東西也是相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的。故選B。15A.doBlikeChateDown答案D解析do做；like喜歡；hate厭惡；own擁有。句意參考上題解析。故選D。16A.largerBprettierCsmallerDuglier答案C解析larger更大；prettier更美麗；smaller更小；uglier更丑。我的房子比銀行投資家的房子小，所以選C。17A.cleanBmessyCcomfortableDunpleasant答案A解析clean干凈的；messy混亂的；comfortable舒適的；unpleasant不愉快的。但是就我有的這些房間我和我妻子也不能全都保持干凈。故選A。18A.HoweverBBesidesCThereforeDEven答案B解析however然而；besides另外；therefore所以；even甚至。此外，對(duì)于未來(lái)一兩個(gè)世紀(jì)回顧我們這個(gè)時(shí)代的人來(lái)說(shuō)，那些銀行家們和我同樣顯得寒酸。故選B。19A.especiallyBextraordinaryCequallyDextremely答案C解析especially特別地；extraordinarily非凡地；equally平等地；extremely極其。句意參考上題解析。故選C。20A.keepawayfromBkeepinwithCkeeponatDkeeppacewith答案D解析keepawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離；keepinwith不斷討好；keeponat糾纏；keeppacewith并駕齊驅(qū)。我現(xiàn)在不如我的鄰居過(guò)得好。故選D。B(2019·河南鄭州質(zhì)檢)話題：旅行中學(xué)會(huì)與人相處難度：建議用時(shí)：16分MyfatherwasborninasmalltownintheUS.Hewasntsurewhathewantedfrom21，butsomethingtoldhimto22andbeginanewadventure.HebeganthatadventuretravelingtocitiesintheUSbeforegoingontoAustralia，NewZealandandthePhilippines.Hetookmymotherandusthreedaughterswithhimandwentwherevertheroad23him.Itseasytofeel24whenyoureontheroad.Wemadelotsofnewfriendsonourtripmostofthemaremechanics，sinceweoften25hoursinrepairshops.Butthatwasawaymuch26thansittingbytheroadsidewhilewaitingfortheengineto27whenitwas40outside.Gettingalongwellsometimesseemed28.Therewerealwaysalotof29，especiallyamongusback­seatpassengersaboutwhohadto30inthemiddle.Butevenifitwashard，welearnedalotabout31.WhenweweretravelinginthePhilippines，wedrovetoQuezonCityoneday.Itshouldhavebeenanhoursdrivebutwasnearlythreethankstobadroadsand32traffic.“Didyouputoursuitcasesinthecar？”myfatheraskedmymotheraswearrivedthere.Fromthebackseat，wesawher33turntowardmyfather.“No，”shesaid.“Ithoughtyoudid.”Thatwashowaseven­hourcartripturnedintoa16­hourone，whichwasmostlyspentin34.Onoccasionslikethat，wehadtolearntoletgoofourangerbecausewewere35inarollingboxwiththesamepeoplefortherestofthe36.EvenifIsometimesfeltlikeopeningthecardoorand37oneofmysistersout，Ikeptmyfeelingstomyself.Thisiswhyroadtripswerelike38universitiestous.We39ourPHDs (博士學(xué)位) inhowtogetalongwithotherpeoplejustbytravelinginouroldcar.Ifwewere40givenasecondchanceatlife，wewoulddoitalloveragain.OnlythistimewouldIputthesuitcasesinthecarmyself.語(yǔ)篇解讀作者的父親喜歡冒險(xiǎn)，經(jīng)常帶著家人去旅行，作者通過(guò)旅行感悟到旅行讓我們學(xué)會(huì)與他人相處。21A.moveBlifeCexperienceDbelief答案B解析父親來(lái)自小鎮(zhèn)，他不太確定從生活中獲得什么。move行動(dòng)；life生活；experience經(jīng)歷；belief信仰。故選B。22A.liveupBstruggleonCgetoutDwalkaround答案C解析與上文轉(zhuǎn)折，但是他知道要走出去，開(kāi)始新的冒險(xiǎn)。getout“出去”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。23A.tookBdroveCservedDcontrolled答案A解析他帶上媽媽和我們姐妹三人，旅行到過(guò)許多地方，路把他帶向哪里，他就帶我們?nèi)ツ睦?。take帶領(lǐng)；drive開(kāi)車；serve服務(wù)；control控制。故選A。24A.anxiousBupsetChelplessDlonely答案D解析根據(jù)下文可知，在旅途中很容易感到孤獨(dú)。anxious擔(dān)憂的；upset心煩意亂的；helpless無(wú)助的；lonely孤獨(dú)的。故選D。25A.wastedBworkedCspentDchatted答案C解析因?yàn)榻?jīng)常要修車，所以我們常在維修店花好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。waste浪費(fèi)；work工作；spend度過(guò)；chat交談。故選C。26A.betterBeasierCsaferDcleverer答案A解析在修車店里逗留比等在室外40度的路邊好多了。better更好的；easier更容易的；safer更安全的；cleverer更聰明的。故選A。27A.breakdownBcooloffCclearupDturnover答案B解析這里指坐在路邊等待引擎冷卻。breakdown出故障；cooloff冷卻；clearup清理；turnover翻轉(zhuǎn)，移交。故選B。28A.availableBalternativeCnecessaryDimpossible答案D解析根據(jù)下文提及的爭(zhēng)吵可知，姐妹之間好好相處似乎是不可能的(impossible)。available可得到的；alternative供選擇的；necessary必要的；impossible不可能的。故選D。29A.argumentsBfightsCembarrassmentsDamusements答案A解析在旅途中有很多爭(zhēng)吵。argument爭(zhēng)吵；fight打架，斗毆；embarrassment尷尬；amusement娛樂(lè)。故選A。30A.settleBrestCsitDwatch答案C解析根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，三姐妹關(guān)于誰(shuí)坐在中間有很多爭(zhēng)吵。settle解決；rest休息；sit坐；watch觀察。故選C。31A.sharingBrespectCcommunicationDtolerance答案D解析根據(jù)下文作者描述的一次經(jīng)歷可知，盡管很難，但是她們學(xué)會(huì)了容忍。sharing分享；respect尊重；communication交流；tolerance容忍。故選D。32A.lightBthickClocalDfast答案B解析由于很差的路況和擁擠的交通，本該一小時(shí)的路程他們開(kāi)車開(kāi)了三個(gè)小時(shí)。light輕的；thick密集的，擁擠的；local當(dāng)?shù)氐?；fast快的。故選B。33A.suddenlyBsensitivelyCcalmlyDslowly答案D解析我們從后排座位看到母親慢慢轉(zhuǎn)向父親說(shuō)話。suddenly突然；sensitively敏感地；calmly冷靜地；slowly慢慢地。故選D。34A.silenceBvainCpanicDdisappointment答案A解析上文說(shuō)到在旅途中我們都學(xué)會(huì)了容忍，因此當(dāng)7個(gè)小時(shí)的車程變成了16個(gè)小時(shí)的車程時(shí)，大部分時(shí)間里他們都是沉默的。silence沉默；vain徒勞；panic恐慌；disappointment失望。故選A。35A.buriedBcrazyCstuckDimpatient答案C解析在類似的情況下，我們學(xué)會(huì)了放下憤怒，因?yàn)槲覀兌际潜焕г谕惠v車?yán)锏娜?，要共同面?duì)剩下的旅程。buried專心的；crazy瘋狂的；stuck被困住的；impatient焦躁的。故選C。36A.holidayBjourneyCexplorationDmarch答案B解析這里指全家在旅途中。holiday假期；journey旅途；exploration探索；march行軍。故選B。37A.draggingBpushingChelpingDsending答案B解析這里是夸張的說(shuō)法，作者有時(shí)候想要打開(kāi)門(mén)把自己的姐妹推下車。drag拖拽；push推；help幫助；send送。故選B。38A.unusualBcommonCfreeDmobile答案D解析對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，公路旅行就像移動(dòng)的大學(xué)。unusual不尋常的；common普遍的；free免費(fèi)的；mobile移動(dòng)的。故選D。39A.earnedBexpectedCmissedDvalued答案A解析在這所移動(dòng)的大學(xué)，就如何與別人相處方面，我們獲得了博士學(xué)位，意指他們?cè)诼猛局袑W(xué)到了很多。earn獲得；expect期待；miss錯(cuò)過(guò)；value重視。故選A。40A.somewhereBanytimeCsomehowDanyway答案C解析如果我們以某種方式被給予第二次生命的機(jī)會(huì)，我們會(huì)重新來(lái)過(guò)。somewhere在某處；anytime任何時(shí)候；somehow以某種方式；anyway不管怎樣。故選C。C(2019·江西吉安一模)話題：健康的生活方式難度：建議用時(shí)：17分Takingcareofyourselfisnotbeingselfish.Bycaringenoughto41yourbodywell，youwillbein42shapetotakecareofthosearoundyou.Noonecantakecareofyourhealth43yourself.Believeinyourselfandyour44.Havea“can­do”attitude.Makealistof45changesthatyouhavemadeinthepast.Itiseasierto46agoalwhenyouare47.Usehumorandlaughoffoccasionallapses (過(guò)失)Haveconfidencethatyoucangetbackontrackwithyourhealthy48.Seekoutafriendorco­workerwhowillmakeyoufeelcomfortable.Youwillfindout49friendsisahappythingintheworld.Regularphonecalls，emailsorvisitsovercoffeecouldhelpyoukeepagoodcontactwiththem.50yourcheerleadercouldbecomeyourexercisebuddy(密友)51yourselfasyoumakesimplechangesthatintheendwill52inachievingyouroverallgoal.Celebrationispartofsuccessfulchange.Createalistofincentives(動(dòng)機(jī)) thatwill53youmotivated.Adopteatingandphysicalactivityhabitsthatcanbecomepartofyour54.Haveabackupplan55thosedayswhenyourplanstoeatwellandbeactivearechallenged.Ifyoucantwalk56theweather，haveanexercisevideotouse.Ifyouhavenotimetopacka57lunch，chooseasmallfastfoodsandwichandsidesalad.Goona58.Workandfamilyaretwomostimportantthingsinpeopleslives.Peopletrytotacklethetwothingsatonce，59mostofthemfail.Justasanoldsayinggoes：Peoplewhoknowhowtorest60howtowork.Gooutwithyourfamilyandhaveagoodtime.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文提出了六條保持健康生活方式的建議。分別是照顧好自己的身體、相信自我的能力、和讓自己感覺(jué)舒服的人交朋友、獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己、讓飲食和鍛煉成為自己生活習(xí)慣的一部分以及和家人多出去旅行。41A.seeBtakeCuseDtreat答案D解析see看見(jiàn)；take帶走；use使用；treat對(duì)待。根據(jù)下文yourbodywell可知，此處意思應(yīng)為“好好對(duì)待你的身體”，故選D。42A.betterBworseCbiggerDsmaller答案A解析better更好的；worse更壞的；bigger更大的；smaller更小的。句意為：照顧好自己的身體，你就能更好地照顧身邊的人。故選A。43A.besidesBexceptCbesideDbeyond答案B解析besides除之外還有(包含該介詞的賓語(yǔ)在內(nèi))；except除之外(不包含該介詞的賓語(yǔ)在內(nèi))；beside在旁邊；beyond超出。句意為：除了你自己，沒(méi)有人能照顧你的健康。故選B。44A.bodyBattitudeCabilityDeye答案C解析body身體；attitude態(tài)度；ability能力；eye眼睛。根據(jù)下文“Haveacan­doattitude.”可知，此處是指要相信自己和自己的能力，故選C。45A.successfulBlittleCstrangeDfew答案A解析successful成功的；little小的；strange陌生的；few很少。根據(jù)上文強(qiáng)調(diào)要相信自己的能力，故此處是指列出你過(guò)去所做過(guò)的成功的改變。故選A。46A.checkBdiscoverCachieveDdeclare答案C解析check核實(shí)；discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；achieve實(shí)現(xiàn)；declare宣布。根據(jù)下文agoal可知是“實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)目標(biāo)”故選C。47A.optionalBparticularCdynamicDoptimistic答案D解析optional可選擇的；particular特別的；dynamic動(dòng)態(tài)的；optimistic樂(lè)觀的。句意為：當(dāng)你樂(lè)觀的時(shí)候，更容易實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。故選D。48A.workBroutineCfaceDsight答案B解析work工作；routine日常生活；face臉；sight視力。句意為：要有信心，你可以回到健康的生活軌道上來(lái)。故選B。49A.takingBmakingCsharingDplaying答案B解析take帶走；make制造，發(fā)展；share分享；play玩耍。句意為：你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)交朋友是世上一件快樂(lè)的事情。makefriends“交朋友”，故選B。50A.SurelyBQuicklyCPerhapsDSlowly答案C解析surely當(dāng)然；quickly快地；perhaps可能，也許；slowly緩慢地。句意為：也許你的啦啦隊(duì)隊(duì)員可以成為你的運(yùn)動(dòng)伙伴。表示對(duì)情況的猜測(cè)，故選C。51A.RewardBPickCPassDInstruct答案A解析reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；pick撿起；pass通過(guò)；instruct指導(dǎo)。句意為：當(dāng)你做出簡(jiǎn)單的改變時(shí)，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己。故選A。52A.introduceBgainCfindDresult答案D解析introduce介紹；gain得到；find找到；result導(dǎo)致。根據(jù)上文intheend“最終”可知應(yīng)填result，短語(yǔ)resultin“導(dǎo)致，結(jié)果是”，故選D。53A.foundBpassCbuildDkeep答案D解析found創(chuàng)立；pass通過(guò)；build建造；keep保持。句意為：創(chuàng)建一個(gè)激勵(lì)列表，讓你保持動(dòng)力。故選D。54A.familyBfriendshipCobjectDlifestyle答案D解析family家庭；friendship友誼；object物體；lifestyle生活方式。句意為：養(yǎng)成可以成為你生活方式一部分的飲食和鍛煉身體的習(xí)慣。故選D。55A.toBonCforDoutside答案C解析to向；on在上面；for為了，因?yàn)?；outside在外面。句意為：為你的飲食和運(yùn)動(dòng)計(jì)劃受到挑戰(zhàn)的時(shí)候，準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)后備計(jì)劃。故選C。56A.outofBduetoCawayfromDonto答案B解析句意為：如果你因?yàn)樘鞖庠虿荒苋ド⒉?，那就?zhǔn)備一個(gè)鍛煉視頻。dueto因?yàn)椤９蔬xB。57A.healthyBrichCinterestingDpassive答案A解析healthy健康的；rich富有的；interesting有趣的；passive被動(dòng)的。句意為：如果你沒(méi)有時(shí)間打包一份健康的午餐，那就選擇一個(gè)小的快餐三明治和配菜沙拉。故選A。58A.tripBtalkCstoryDmeeting答案A解析trip旅程；talk交談；story故事；meeting會(huì)議。根據(jù)下文“Gooutwithyourfamilyandhaveagoodtime.”可知，此處是建議進(jìn)行一次“旅行”，故選A。59A.andBbutCbecauseDso答案B解析and并且；but但是；because因?yàn)?；so因此。句意為：人們?cè)噲D同時(shí)處理這兩件事，結(jié)果大多數(shù)人都失敗了。上下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選B。60A.studyBacceptCknowDdiscuss答案C解析study學(xué)習(xí)；accept接受；know知道；discuss討論。句意為：知道如何休息的人才知道如何去工作。故選C。12