2020年高考英語 必考點 專題03 代詞（精講深剖）（含解析）

專題03代詞精講深剖真題速遞語法填空1.(2018全國高考I卷)If you are time poor，you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports，so perhaps we should all give a try.【答案】 it【解析】考查代詞。give it a try為固定搭配，意為“試一試”，根據(jù)語境可知，it指代running，故可填it或running。句意：如果你很難抽出時間，你只需要跑一半的時間就能得到和其他運動一樣的好處，所以也許我們都應(yīng)該試一試。2. (2018全國高考III卷)When the gorillas and I frightened each other，I was just glad to find (they) alive.【答案】them【解析】考查代詞。這里用them指代上文的the gorillas。句意：當(dāng)大猩猩和我都嚇了彼此一跳時，我很高興能看見它們還活著。3.(2017全國高II卷)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using every day.【答案】it【解析】考查代詞。use是及物動詞，其后接賓語，此處很明顯缺少代詞。分析句意可知，此處用it指代上文提到的the railway。句意：然而，鐵路很快被證明是一個巨大的成功，在6個月內(nèi)，每天使用它的有25,000多人。4.(2016全國高II卷)On my recent visit，I held a lively three­month­old twin that had been rejected by _(it) mother.【答案】its【解析】考查代詞。mother是名詞，故此處填it的形容詞性物主代詞its。句意：在我最近的一次訪問中，我抱著一個被它母親拒絕的三個月大的雙胞胎。5.(2018全國高考浙江卷)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap can be to eat out.【答案】 it【解析】考查代詞。此處應(yīng)用it作形式主語，真正的主語是to eat out。句意：許多來到中國的西方人一旦意識到外出就餐是多么的便宜，做的飯就會比在自己國家做的要少得多。單句改錯1. (2019全國高考I卷)From then on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. 【答案】去掉my【解析】考查固定搭配?！疤咦闱颉钡挠⒄Z表達為“play football”，中間不能加冠詞或者代詞。故將my去掉。2.(2019全國高考III卷)In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them. 【答案】yourselves改為 themselves【解析】本句考查代詞的用法。customers是句子的主語，故把 yourselves改為 themselves。3.(2018全國高考I卷)The first time I went there，they were living in a small house with dogs，ducks，and another animals. 【答案】another改為other?！窘馕觥靠疾榇~another作限定詞。another“又一，再一”后跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前用other“其他的，別的”，故把another改為other。句意：我第一次去那里的時候，他們住在一個小房子里，里面有狗、鴨子和其他動物。4.（2018全國高考II卷）They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. 【答案】us改為me【解析】考查代詞。此處表示“他們會對我(me)說”。句意：他們常常會對我們說玩紙牌游戲會對我的大腦有好處。5.(2017全國高II卷)Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. 【答案】allboth或去掉all 【解析】考查代詞。Mr.and Mrs.Zhang是兩個人，故用both。因both在此作同位語，也可以去掉。all指的是三者或三者以上。句意：張老師夫婦兩個人都在我們學(xué)校工作。6.(2017全國高考III卷)This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days. 【答案】your改為my 【解析】考查形容詞性物主代詞代詞。 據(jù)行文邏輯推測your改為my 。句意：這張照片常常讓我想起我高中時的快樂時光。此處是以作者的口吻寫的“我的高中時光”。7.(2017全國高考I卷)If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books. 【答案】your改為our 【解析】考查形容詞性物主代詞代詞。由前面的we go on a trip和we can broaden可知，應(yīng)把your改為our。句意：如果我們出國旅行，我們就可拓寬我們的視野并且學(xué)到課本上我們學(xué)不到的東西。8.(2016全國高II卷)Instead，he hopes that our business will grow steadily. 【答案】his改為our 【解析】考查形容詞性物主代詞代詞。由My uncle is the owner of a restaurant .可知，餐館是“我”叔叔的，故將our改為his。句意：相反，他希望他的業(yè)務(wù)能穩(wěn)步增長。9.(2016全國高III卷)At last，I will be on my own，but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help. 【答案】need前加I【解析】考查代詞。根據(jù)行文邏輯加上I。句意：最終，我還是要一個人，但我仍然想在我需要幫助的任何時候有父母可以求助?？季V解讀在句中用來代替名詞、名詞短語或句子的詞稱為代詞。代詞可以在句子中作主語、賓語、表語或定語等。近3年來，高考重點考查不定代詞，所考題量占所考代詞總量的50%左右，其次是it的用法和替代詞。試題的設(shè)計注重語境設(shè)置，要求考生將句子意思和句子結(jié)構(gòu)聯(lián)系起來選出正確的代詞。因此，做題時要在熟練掌握各類代詞基本用法的基礎(chǔ)上，特別注意句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)合，只靠死背語法是很難奏效的。知識梳理一人稱代詞第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單 數(shù)復(fù) 數(shù)人稱代詞主 格Iweyouyoushe he itthey賓 格Meusyouyouher him it them物主代詞形容詞性myouryouryourher his its their名詞性mineoursyoursyourshers his itstheirs反身代詞myselfourselvesyourselfyourselvesherself himself itselfthemselves二both，all，either，each，every，neither，none的用法代詞意義用法例句both兩者都常位于動詞be之后，行為動詞之前，可與of連用，后接名詞或代詞.The two boys are both over there.那兩個男孩都在那邊Both of us play the ball. 我們兩個都打球。either兩者中的任何一個在句中可作主語（此時句中謂語動詞用單數(shù)）、賓語、表語和定語（作定語時，有的詞典把它稱為形容詞；either作定語時，只能修飾單數(shù)名詞。）Either of the two boys is clever.兩個男孩都很聰明。I have bought two cakes;you may have either.我買了兩塊蛋糕;你要哪塊都行。neither表示兩者之中都不作主語時，可單獨使用，也可以與of連用作賓語,可單獨使用，也可以與of連用，放在動詞或介詞之后。Either(of them)is OK. (他們兩個中)任何一個都行。I like neither.(兩個)我一個也不喜歡。 all全部都指可數(shù)的東西時為復(fù)數(shù)，指不可數(shù)的東西時為單數(shù)All of the students are here.所有的學(xué)生都在這兒。All (of) the milk is there.所有的牛奶都在哪兒。none全都不，任何一個都不指可數(shù)的東西時可為單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)，指不可數(shù)的東西時為單數(shù)None of them support the plan。他們都不支持這個計劃。None of the milk is good.牛奶全部壞掉了。each每一個作定語、主語、賓語和同位語Each student may have an e­dictionary./Each of the students has an e­dictionary. /The students each have an e­dictionary.每個學(xué)生都可有一本電子詞典。every每一個作定語Every student in our school works hard.我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生都很用功。三some和any的用法代詞意義用法例句some一些；某一個表示“一些”“某一個”時，常用于肯定句；用在疑問句中，表示希望得到對方肯定的回答；接單數(shù)名詞時，表示“某一個”There some people outside the classroom。教室外有幾個人。Would you like some coffee?想要喝些咖啡吧？For some reason，he resigned last week.由于某個原因，上周他辭職了。any一些；某一個；任何一個接單數(shù)名詞表示“任何一個”If you have any questions, please ask me.如果你有問題，請問吧。Here are three novels.You may read any.這兒有三本小說，你可以讀任何一本。四復(fù)合不定代詞的用法某任何每個；所有沒有人someone/somebodyanyone/anybodyeveryone/everybody no one/nobody 物something anythingeverythingnothing【知識拓展】復(fù)合不定代詞構(gòu)成的習(xí)慣搭配nothing but 僅僅；只是anything but 決不something of 有幾分；略微or something諸如此類的人或物something else別的東西；另外一件事for nothing免費【考題印證】單句改錯（2015年陜西高考）My soccer coach retired last week.I want to do anything special for him at his retirement party. 【答案】anything 改為something【解析】考查復(fù)合不定代詞。句意：我的足球教練上周退休了，我想在他的退休派對上為他做些特別的事。故anything 改為something。五.the other，other，another，others，the others的區(qū)別the other/otherthe other可單獨使用，特指兩個人或物中的“另一個”；也可修飾名詞表示“另外的”。other不能單獨使用，只能修飾名詞，表示泛指意義another可單獨使用，也可修飾名詞，泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一個”，代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。另外another后可接“基數(shù)詞/few復(fù)數(shù)名詞”形式，表示“另外的(多少)”others/the othersothers只能單獨使用，表示泛指意義，意為“其他的人或事物”，常與some一起出現(xiàn)；特指“其他的全部人或事物”時用the othersHe is willing to help others/other people.Twenty of the students in our class have been to Beijing. The other students/The others have not.Some of us like football, and others are fond of basketball.We need another five chairs/five more chairs. 六.none，no one，nobody，nothing的區(qū)別none既可指人，也可指物；側(cè)重數(shù)量，通常指三者或三者以上的人或物；后可接of短語；作主語時謂語動詞可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)；常用來回答由how many/much引導(dǎo)的疑問句How much money do you have?None.no one/nobody只能指人；是泛指概念，常用來回答由who引導(dǎo)的疑問句；不與of短語連用；作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)Who is in the room?Nobody./No one.nothing只能指物，且表泛指概念；常用來回答由what引導(dǎo)的疑問句What are you doing now?Nothing.七.替代詞的用法和區(qū)別it替代前面提到過的同一個人或者物Have you found your pen?No, I haven't found it.one/onesone用來替代前面出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)名詞，是泛指概念，相當(dāng)于a/an單數(shù)名詞。其復(fù)數(shù)形式為onesI think this book is better than the one I read last time.These shoes are not good enough. Show me some better ones.that/thosethat用來替代前面出現(xiàn)的同類的名詞，是同類替代，但并非同一個，可以是可數(shù)名詞，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞。指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞相當(dāng)于the one。其復(fù)數(shù)形式為those，相當(dāng)于the onesThe weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Nanjing in winter.八.it的用法1it可用于無人稱句，表示自然現(xiàn)象、季節(jié)、時間、距離、環(huán)境等。如：It is getting warmer and warmer.It was already ten o'clock when he arrived home.It's ten minutes' walk from here to our school.It's very quiet at the moment.2it可代替不定式、動名詞或從句作形式主語或形式賓語。如：It's important for us to learn a second language.We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished.3熟記下列有關(guān)it的固定句型make it成功；趕上；到達get it 明白；做到keep it up 堅持下去；保持優(yōu)秀成績see to it that留心；務(wù)必要put it說；解釋【考題印證】語法填空1.（2014遼寧高考）Raise your leg and let stay in the air for seconds.【答案】it【解析】考查代詞it。it指代前文的 your leg。句意：抬起你的一條腿，讓它在空中靜止幾秒鐘。故用it。1. （2014廣東高考）Last year ,my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said was a wonderful holiday destination.【答案】it【解析】考查代詞it。it指代前文的 Miami 。句意：去年，我和哥哥去邁阿密度假，我以前去過那里的一些朋友說邁阿密一個很棒的度假勝地。單句改錯（2015浙江高考）Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them. 【答案】them改為it【解析】考查代詞it。them應(yīng)該指代前文的a beautiful park,是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，故用it指代。句意：在學(xué)校附近有一個美麗的公園，它的周圍有許多樹。九.表數(shù)量的不定代詞的用法代詞用法表示意義含義few修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞否定含義幾乎沒有a few修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞肯定含義幾個；一些little修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞否定含義幾乎沒有a little修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞肯定含義少量；一點點many修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞 肯定含義許多much修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞肯定含義許多【考題印證】單句改錯（2015四川高考）We have been spending a lot of time singing in karaoke bars.It has been three Saturdays now and it really coasts me many. 【答案】many改為much【解析】考查代詞表示數(shù)量的不定代詞。many修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，這里代替花費的錢數(shù)，不可數(shù)，應(yīng)該用much，故改為much。句意：我們花了很多時間在卡拉OK酒吧唱歌，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是三個星期六了，實在花了我很多錢。考點精講語法填空解題“兩攻略”1通過句子成分確定所填代詞的形式（1）如果作主語，則用人稱代詞的主格（2）如果作賓語或表語，則用人稱代詞的賓格（3）如果作定語，則用形容詞性物主代詞（4）如果作賓語、表語或同位語且又反射到句子主語，則用反身代詞【思路點撥】1. He lives a very regular life, studying every day and never allowing (he)to fall behind in his schoolwork.【答案】himself【解析】考查人稱代詞。動詞allow之后的賓語同時又是句子的主語，故用反身代詞himself。句意：他過著很有規(guī)律的生活，每天學(xué)習(xí)，從不讓自己的功課落后。2. When told that it was a loss to humans, the farmers burst into laughter and responded, "Our real loss is (we) decreasing income.【答案】our【解析】形容詞性物主代詞。此時we該作定語修飾decreasing income，故用形容詞性物主動詞our。句意：當(dāng)被告知這是人類的損失時，農(nóng)民們突然大笑起來，回答說：“我們真正的損失是收入的減少。3. While making a choice from various ways of spending our time, we ought to ensure something that restores our lost energy and cheers (we) up.【答案】us【解析】考查賓格人稱代詞。we應(yīng)該做cheers后面的賓語，故用賓格人稱代詞us。句意：在選擇各種消磨時間的方式的同時，我們應(yīng)該確保采取一些能恢復(fù)我們失去的精力和讓我們振奮精神的方式。4. But she learned a lot as she worked, and her employer lowed her to use (he) large library.【答案】his【解析】考查形容詞性人稱代詞。He做定語修飾library，故用形容詞性人稱代詞his。句意：但她在工作中學(xué)到了很多東西，她的老板降低了讓她使用他的大型圖書館的頻率。5. However, while it is fun to keep up with the latest news we may actually be putting (we)in danger.【答案】ourselves【解析】考查反身代詞。本句中，主語和賓語均為we，故賓語用反身代詞ourselves。句意：然而，盡管了解最新消息是很有趣的，但實際上我們自己可能正處于危險之中。6. They had to chase the overprotective mother away first, so that (them) could get close enough to rescuethe baby.【答案】they【解析】考查人稱代詞。本句中them應(yīng)該用做主語的形式，故用they。句意：他們必須先把過度保護的母親趕走，這樣他們才能接近去救援孩子。7. Yesterday evening, just before dusk, I spotted a pigeon badly tied up with a sharp kite string, hitting the wall and the tree branches to free (he) from the string.【答案】himself【解析】考查反身代詞。本句中hitting的主語和free的賓語均是he（the pigeon），故用free后面的賓語用反身代詞himself。句意：昨天傍晚，就在黃昏前，我發(fā)現(xiàn)一只鴿子被一根鋒利的風(fēng)箏繩緊緊地綁住了，這只鴿子為了擺脫繩子就往墻上和樹枝上撞。2通過句式結(jié)構(gòu)和“指代”，判斷是否用it（1）如果指代上文提到的同一個事物，則用it；（2）如果指代天氣、時間、距離或環(huán)境情況則用it；（3）如果作形式主語或形式賓語，則用it（4）注意一些固定用法： dislikehate appreciate depend on /see toit從句、it is+強調(diào)部分+that?！舅悸伏c撥】8. We believe that is the Silk Road that will help to realize the peace and development of this area.【答案】it【解析】考查代詞it在強調(diào)句式中的用法。此句中，本句是強調(diào)句式的運用，故填it。句意：我們認(rèn)為是絲綢之路將會有助于實現(xiàn)這一地區(qū)的和平與發(fā)展。9. Realizing it was our last high school sports meeting, we decided to make an unforgettable experience forall of us.【答案】it【解析】考查代詞it的用法。這里it代指前文的our last high school sports meeting，故用it。句意：由于意識到這是我們的最后一次學(xué)校運動會，我們決定讓它成為我們每一個人的一次難忘的經(jīng)歷。10.I am convinced that a breakthrough can come at any age if we have faith in ourselves and keep learning and working for .【答案】it【解析】考查代詞it的用法。it代指前文的a breakthrough。句意：我相信只要我們對自己有信心，并且不斷學(xué)習(xí)并為之努力，任何年齡的突破都可能到來。11. Unlike those taxis, my vehicle does not run on petrol or diesel（柴油） or even gas； runs on my sweat.【答案】it【解析】考查代詞it的用法。it代指前文的my vehicle。句意：與那些出租車不同，我的車不使用汽油、柴油(柴油)甚至汽油，而是靠汗水行駛。12. is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them.【答案】It【解析】考查代詞it的用法。此句考查了固定句式“it is +adj. to do sth.”故用It。句意：考慮目的地國家的人民以及旅游業(yè)對他們的影響是很重要的。短文改錯解題“3注意”1 避免張冠李戴，注意前后一致性注意前后人稱、性別、單復(fù)數(shù)是否一致【思路點撥】1. Once I got first prize in the English Writing Competition in your school. In addition, I worked as a reporter for our school newspaper last year, which I think will certainly help me do the job better. 【答案】your改為our【解析】考查形容詞性物主代詞的用法。根據(jù)句中的邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)該是“在我們學(xué)?！保蕐our改為our。句意：我曾經(jīng)在我們學(xué)校的英語寫作比賽中獲得了一等獎。此外，去年我還在校報當(dāng)過記者，我想這肯定會幫我做好這份工作。2. The moment he tried to hang the bottle on it, they fell and broke. 【答案】they改為it【解析】考查代詞的用法。they應(yīng)該代指前文的 the bottle，故用it。句意：他一想把瓶子掛在上面，它就摔了下來，摔斷了。3. First of all, as students we should manage our own behaviors and help people around you form good habits. 【答案】you改為us【解析】考查人稱代詞的用法。根據(jù)句中的邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)該是“幫助我們周圍的人”，故you改為us。句意：首先，作為學(xué)生，我們應(yīng)該管理自己的行為，幫助我們周圍的人養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣。4. In spite of my own exhaustion, I rose from my seat and gave them away without hesitation to her and the baby. 【答案】them改為it【解析】考查人稱代詞的用法。根據(jù)句中的邏輯關(guān)系them應(yīng)該代指my seat，故把them改為it。句意：盡管自己疲憊不堪，我還是從座位上站起來，毫不猶豫地把它送給了她和孩子。5. After picking out one of my shirts and a coat, I washed and then hung it out. 【答案】it改為them?！窘馕觥靠疾槿朔Q代詞的用法。本句中it應(yīng)該代指前文的my shirts and a coat，是復(fù)數(shù)，故把it改為them。句意：在挑選了我的一件襯衫和一件外套后，我洗了洗，然后把它們掛了起來。6. My brother and Ah Bao came to a river nearby and enjoyed himself. 【答案】himself改為themselves?！窘馕觥靠疾榉瓷泶~的用法。本句中賓語反射主語My brother and Ah Bao，故himself改為themselves。句意：我哥哥和阿寶來到附近的一條河邊，他們玩得很開心。2分析句子成分，掌握固定短語（1）根據(jù)所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞终_使用人稱代詞、物主代詞和反身代詞；（2）注意一些含代詞的固定短語?！舅悸伏c撥】7. It is me that should clean the classroom. 【答案】me改為I【解析】考查人稱代詞在強調(diào)句式中的運用。此時強調(diào)的是主語，應(yīng)該用主格人稱代詞，故把me改為I。句意為：應(yīng)該打掃教室的是我。8. As a result, he is popular with our students. 【答案】our改為us【解析】考查賓格人稱代詞做同位語。本句中，賓語是students，us是其同位語，應(yīng)該用賓格，故把our改為us。句意為：因此，他很受我們學(xué)生的歡迎。9. I rushed and it was my mother, who is already in the fifties, that brought me lunch, in spite of the heavy rain. 【答案】第一個the改為her【解析】考查含有人稱代詞的固定短語。in her fifties在她五十多歲時。故把第一個the改為her。句意為： 我沖了過去，盡管下著大雨，已經(jīng)五十多歲的母親給我?guī)砹宋绮汀?0. It is a very precious present from mine Canadian teacher,which I treasure very much. 【答案】mine改為my【解析】考查形容詞性所有格。 Canadian teacher是名詞，其前面應(yīng)該用形容詞來修飾，而mine是名詞性所有格，不能修飾名詞，故改為形容詞性所有格my。句意為：這是我的加拿大老師送的非常珍貴的禮物，我非常珍惜它。3搞清范圍，確定不定代詞（1）兩者：二者選其一用 either；二者都不選用 neither；者都選用both；（2）三者或三者以上：三者或三者以上的任何一個用any；三者或三者以上都不選用none：三者或三者以上都選用all；（3）其他：若表示“另外一個”用 another；若在名詞前用other；若不跟名詞且指代復(fù)數(shù)，用 others；（4）肯定句用 something，否定句和疑問句用 anything?！舅悸伏c撥】11. Now I am writing here in my flat to tell you anything about it. 【答案】anything改為something【解析】考查復(fù)合不定代詞。這是個肯定句，故把anything改為something。句意為：現(xiàn)在我在這里寫信告訴你有關(guān)它的一些事。12. Dad found a new job, and as Mom explained，“ He was lucky to find other one. 【答案】other改為another【解析】考查限定詞。another+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示“又一；再一”；other+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示“別的一些”，根據(jù)句意“爸爸找到了一份新工作，媽媽解釋說：“他很幸運又找到了一份工作?！惫蕂ther改為another。模擬訓(xùn)練語法填空1. （九師聯(lián)盟2019高三5月質(zhì)量檢測英語試題）If we give up on building a better web now,then the web will not have failed （we）.【答案】us【解析】考查人稱代詞。本句中we應(yīng)該做failed后面的賓語，故用賓格形式。句意為：如果我們現(xiàn)在放棄建設(shè)一個更好的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，那么網(wǎng)絡(luò)就不會辜負(fù)我們。2. (山東省安丘市、諸城市、五蓮縣、蘭山區(qū)2019屆高三4月模擬訓(xùn)練)At that time he devoted _ (he) to writing and many of his works were written or published then. 【答案】himself【解析】考查含有人稱代詞的固定搭配。句意：那時候他致力于寫作，他的許多作品都是在那個時候?qū)懗苫虺霭娴?。固定搭配：devote oneself to“致力于，獻身于”，此處用反身代詞，結(jié)合句意答案為himself。3.（非凡聯(lián)盟2019高三調(diào)研） was I who decided to start the snowball fight.【答案】It【解析】考查代詞強調(diào)句式中的運用。句意為：是我決定發(fā)起的打雪仗活動。故填I(lǐng)t.3. (東北三省三校2019屆高三第一次模擬英語試題)About marriage, Michelle mentions, “I married a creative thinker, and I had to remind _(I) that we were adapting to each other to make two individuals a solid, permanent us.”【答案】myself【解析】考查代詞。句意：我不得不提醒我自己：我們是在互相適應(yīng)，讓兩個個體成為穩(wěn)固的、永久的我們。此處表示“我自己”，故填myself。4. (【全國百強?！繓|北三省三校2019屆高三第二模擬考試)We were driven up, down and around _ (they) by an experienced Arabian driver. 【答案】them【解析】考查代詞。句意：由一位經(jīng)驗豐富的阿拉伯司機，我們在它們周圍上下顛簸。這里需要使用賓格，所以填them。5.（東北三省四市2019屆高三第一次模擬）Whats more, with a faster check-in, the high-speed train are also less affected by weather than planes, Seldom are _ delayed or cancelled for weather condition.【答案】they【解析】考查代詞。句意：因此，他們很少因為天氣的原因延遲或取消。分析句子可知，本句缺乏主語，根據(jù)前文可知，本段描述高鐵的優(yōu)勢之處，故用they。【點睛】部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。1. 否定副詞位于句首時的倒裝在正式文體中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意義的副詞或者賦詞短語，比如In Under no circumstances，On no accounts若位于句首，則其后要用部分倒裝：Never shall I forgive him. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會寬恕他。No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我們剛到機場,飛機就起飛了。Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才離開這房間。On no accounts must this switch be touched. 這個開關(guān)是絕不能觸摸的。2.“only+狀語”位于句首時的倒裝當(dāng)一個狀語受副詞only的修飾且置于句首時，其后用部分倒裝語序：Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用這種方法才能把它做好。Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 當(dāng)他回到家里時，才知道出了什么事。3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首時的倒裝副詞so后接形容詞或副詞位于句首時，其后用部分倒裝：So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天氣太冷，我們只好呆在家里。So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我們幾乎沒法想像它的速度。比如本題，本句為部分倒裝，本句缺乏主語，根據(jù)前文可知，本段描述高鐵的優(yōu)勢之處，故用they。6.（河南省開封市2019屆高三上學(xué)期第一次模擬考試）Realizing a random CPA （or random anti-laser'） is therefore challenging because it requires the equivalent of time-reversing such a light field in all_degrees of freedom to create coherent radiation that is perfectly absorbed when impinging on a disordered medium 【答案】its【解析】考查代詞。degrees為名詞，需要形容詞修飾，本句中表示“在它的自由程度上”，故填its。7.（遼寧省葫蘆島市2019屆高三下學(xué)期第一次模擬）Once the robot has performed _ (it) task, it can be melted down and recycled into another useful part by the 3D printer.【答案】its【解析】考查物主代詞。task為名詞，需要形容詞修飾，故填物主代詞its。句意：一旦機器人完成了它的任務(wù)，可以通過3D打印機將其熔化并循環(huán)到另一個有用的部件中。8.（遼寧省大連市2019屆高三第一次模擬考試）Whats more, with a faster check-in, the high-speed train are also less affected by weather than planes, Seldom are _ delayed or cancelled for weather condition. 考查代詞。句意：因此，他們很少因為天氣的原因延遲或取消。分析句子可知，本句缺乏主語，根據(jù)前文可知，本段描述高鐵的優(yōu)勢之處，故用they?！军c睛】部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。1. 否定副詞位于句首時的倒裝在正式文體中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意義的副詞或者賦詞短語，比如In Under no circumstances，On no accounts若位于句首，則其后要用部分倒裝：Never shall I forgive him. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會寬恕他。No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我們剛到機場,飛機就起飛了。Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才離開這房間。On no accounts must this switch be touched. 這個開關(guān)是絕不能觸摸的。2.“only+狀語”位于句首時的倒裝當(dāng)一個狀語受副詞only的修飾且置于句首時，其后用部分倒裝語序：Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用這種方法才能把它做好。Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 當(dāng)他回到家里時，才知道出了什么事。3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首時的倒裝副詞so后接形容詞或副詞位于句首時，其后用部分倒裝：So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天氣太冷，我們只好呆在家里。So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我們幾乎沒法想像它的速度。比如小題10，本句為部分倒裝，本句缺乏主語，根據(jù)前文可知，本段描述高鐵的優(yōu)勢之處，故用they。單句改錯1. （2019高三天一大聯(lián)考六）When receiving them,he smiled and kept thanking me.Her smile also brightened my whole day. 【答案】he改為she【解析】考查人稱代詞。根據(jù)上下文，應(yīng)該用she。句意：收到它們的時候，她微笑著，一直在感謝我。她的微笑也使我一整天都很高興。2. （九師聯(lián)盟2019高三5月質(zhì)量檢測）The characters in Beastly were lonely,but in my heart,I knew I had not given up on hope. 【答案】第二個I改為they【解析】考查人稱代詞。此處I 代指前文的the characters，故用they。句意為：“野獸”中的人物是孤獨的，但在我的心里，我知道他們并沒有放棄希望。3. （2019金太陽高三質(zhì)檢）She will miss her when she returns home at the end of the term. I hope to visit her in Beijing someday.