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1、The Present Perfect Tense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)短暫性動(dòng)詞與時(shí)間段的關(guān)系短暫性動(dòng)詞與時(shí)間段的關(guān)系have been 與與have gone 比較比較與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法比較與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的難點(diǎn)用法難點(diǎn)用法present(now)futurepast 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)( present perfect tense)do my homework I did my homework.I do my homework.I will d
2、o my homework.I have done my homework .(這個(gè)句子中就用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成主主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)+have (hashave (has)+ + 過(guò)去分過(guò)去分詞詞For example : 1.I have already finished my homework. 2.He has already bought a car什么情況用have 和has 呢? 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是“三單”時(shí)則用has ,其它人稱用have??隙ㄊ剑嚎隙ㄊ剑褐髡Z(yǔ) + 助動(dòng)詞have/has + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞. 1.I have cleaned my room. 我已打掃
3、了房間否定式否定式: 主語(yǔ) + 助動(dòng)詞have/has + not + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞. 2. I havent cleaned my room yet. 我還沒(méi)有打掃房間。 疑問(wèn)式:疑問(wèn)式:助動(dòng)詞Have/Has + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞? 3. Have you cleaned your room? (你已經(jīng)打掃房間嗎?) 肯定回答: Yes, I have . 否定回答: No, I havent .(在上述例句中, 我們可以看到在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中,用到了動(dòng)詞的一種新的形式-過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞,有關(guān)過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成我們?cè)谙旅娼o大家歸納一下。)其中have not =havent has no
4、t = hasnt 過(guò)去過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成分為分詞的構(gòu)成分為規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化和和不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化兩種:兩種:規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化: a)一般情況下,在動(dòng)詞后直接加ed, 如play-played, work-worked,water-watered, finish-finished等;b)以“輔音字母+ y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞, 把y 變成i 再加ed, carry-carried study-studied等;c)以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)的動(dòng)詞要雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)輔音字母,再加ed 如: stop-stopped,shop-shopped等。不規(guī)則變化:不規(guī)則變化:見(jiàn)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表 點(diǎn)擊點(diǎn)擊不
5、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表, 過(guò)去過(guò)去分詞分詞不規(guī)則變化形式不規(guī)則變化形式 Typeoriginal p.t p.pcostcostcostreadreadreadmeetmetmetcatchcaughtcaught rideroderiddenspeakspokespokentaketooktakendrinkdrankdrunkeatateeatenABBAAA ABC現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法一.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。 (他剛把燈關(guān)了。)相當(dāng)于:He turned off the light just now. The light isnt on now.
6、 即關(guān)燈這一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果和影響:現(xiàn)在燈不亮了。 I have already finished my homework.I have already finished my homework.( (我已我已經(jīng)經(jīng)完成了家庭作完成了家庭作業(yè)業(yè)。)He has just turned off the lightHe has just turned off the light. .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法二.表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始并一直延 續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),但動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)可能仍在繼續(xù)。She has lived here since has lived here since
7、she was bornshe was born. .自從她出生時(shí)就一直住在這兒。 我已經(jīng)學(xué)了10多年的英語(yǔ)。I have learnt English for more than tenI have learnt English for more than ten years.years.三.表示人曾有過(guò)或到目前為止從未有過(guò)的經(jīng)歷.(你曾去過(guò)動(dòng)物園嗎?) (我從未有過(guò)汽車(chē)。)Have you ever been to the Have you ever been to the zoo?zoo? I have never had a carI have never had a car. .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)短暫性動(dòng)詞與時(shí)間段的關(guān)系短暫性動(dòng)詞與時(shí)間段的關(guān)系have been 與與have gone 比較比較與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法比較與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的基本句型現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的基本句型三種句式過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成肯定句式否定句式疑問(wèn)句式規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化影響持續(xù)經(jīng)歷