牛津譯林版英語八年級(上冊)《比較級與最高級》語法專講

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1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-----傾情為你奉上 比較級與最高級語法專講 形容詞分為三種等級:原級,比較級與最高級。 一、形容詞的原級及用法 ◆形容詞的原級(形容詞本來面目不作變化) 1.表示沒有進行比較或進行同級比較 2.可以修飾原級的詞: very quite enough(“足夠”,用在形容詞后) so pretty too how rather(相當) (not) as…as (“(不)像…一樣”,同級比較) not so…as (“不像…一樣”,同級比較) e.g. How happy we a

2、re! 我們多么高興?。? This ruler is as long as that one. 這把尺子和那把一樣長。(變否定句) This ruler is not as/so long as that one. 二、形容詞比較級最高級變化規(guī)則 ①單音節(jié)詞比較級在詞尾加er,最高級加est cold —colder —coldest tall —taller —tallest high —higher —highest long —longer —longest ②以字母e結尾的詞只加r或st nice —

3、nicer —nicest late —later —latest fine —finer —finest ③重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫輔音字母再加er或est big —bigger —biggest hot —hotter —hottest wet — wetter —wettest thin —thinner —thinnest red—redder —reddest fat —fatter —fattest sad —sadder —saddest ④以輔音字母+y結尾的詞把y變i再加er或est easy

4、— easier — easiest early — earlier — earliest funny — funnier — funniest happy — happier — happiest heavy— heavier — heaviest dirty — dirtier — dirtiest ⑤多音節(jié)詞、部分雙音節(jié)詞(特別是ful結尾及v.+ed/ing構成的形容詞)及個別單音節(jié)詞(fun)在前面加more或most interesting important difficult excitied tired carefu

5、l popular expensive boring fun ⑥不規(guī)則變化 little — less — least good / well — better — best bad / ill / badly —— worse —— worst many / much —— more —— most old —— older —— oldest (年齡大的,與than連用) old — elder — eldest(“年長的”,只作定語不與than連用) far —— farther —— farthest (

6、距離遠) far —— further —— furthest (除距離外,還指程度上更進一步的) ◆副詞比較級和最高級的變化規(guī)則大致與此相同 三、比較級用法 1.表示兩者之間進行比較,“更…” 2.可以修飾比較級的詞: much = a lot (…得多) a little = a bit (…一點點) even (甚至) far (遠遠…) any (絲毫,稍微, 用于否定和疑問句中) 3.比較級標志: than or 4.形容詞比較級句式: ①A + be + 形容詞的比較級

7、+ than + B. (A比B…) ②Which/Who +be +形容詞比較級, A or B? (哪個/誰更…, A 還是B？) 練習寫出下列句子 凱特很瘦。 凱特和瑪麗誰更瘦？ 瑪麗比凱特更瘦。 瑪麗比凱特更瘦嗎？是的,她是。 這個書包和這個箱子不一樣沉。 這個書包和這個箱子哪個更沉？ 這個箱子比書包更沉。 5.副詞比較級句式:①A＋實義動詞＋副詞的比較級＋than B. (A…得比B…) ②Which/Who +實義動詞三單, A or B? (哪個/誰…得更…, A還是B？)

8、 練習寫出下列句子 自行車和轎車哪個走得快？ 轎車比自行車走得快。 這只羊和這只狗跑得不一樣快。 這只羊比狗跑得快嗎？ 吉姆比湯姆上床睡覺早。 (上句同義句) ___________________________________________ 6.比較級特殊用法: ①the +比較級+of the two… —— “兩者中較…的” 他是兩個男孩中較高的。He’s the taller of the two boys. ②“比較級+and+比較級”或“more and more +多音節(jié)詞” —— “越來越…” 他越來越高。

9、He’s taller and taller. 英語越來越重要 English is more and more important. ③The+比較級…, the+比較級… —— “越…, 越…” 你越快樂就越美麗。The happier you are, the more beautiful you are. ④not +比較級+than… —— “不如…, 不比…” no +比較級+than… —— “一樣都不…” You are not taller than me. 你不比我高。 You are no taller than me

10、. 你和我一樣都不高。 ⑤比較級+than any other +sig.+in+同一范圍 —— “比同一范圍中其他任何一個更…” 比較級+than any +sig.+in+非同一范圍 ——“比非同一范圍中任何一個更…” She’s nicer than any other girl in her class.她比班里其他任何一個女孩都漂亮。 (主語本身就在比較范圍之中,因此是在同一范圍就主語與其他任何一個比較) She’s nicer than any girl in her sister’s class. 她比她妹妹班里任何一個女孩都漂亮。 (主語不在該

11、較范圍之中,因此主語可以與該范圍內任何一個作比較) ◆該用法雖然出現(xiàn)了in所引導的比較范圍但是仍要用比較級,此成為用比較級表示最高級,實質是最高級。 四、最高級用法 1.表示三者或三者以上的比較,“最…” 2.形容詞最高級前必須加the,副詞前的the可以省略。 3.最高級標志:in of or 4.句式:①the + 最高級 +(n.) + in +比較范圍 我是我們班最聰明的。I’m the cleverest in our class. ②the + 最高級 +(n.) + of +同類事物 這本書是所

12、有書中最有趣的。The book is the most interesting of all the books. ③Which/Who +v.(單數(shù)) +最高級, A, B or C? Jay, Will和JJ誰最收歡迎？ Who is the most popular, Jay, Will or JJ? 五、例題解析與難點攻克 ◆主語為人時than后面的比較對象若用代詞用主格還是賓格？ 請判斷正誤: 1. She looks nicer than I do. ( ) She looks

13、nicer than I. ( ) She looks nicer than me. ( ) Notes:than可以作連詞其后跟省略句,該省略句構成為(主格+助動詞/be/情態(tài)動詞),而謂語部分可省略; than還可以作介詞在口語中跟人稱代詞賓格 ◆主語為物時的比較對象的一致性問題 2.Her hair is longer than her mother. ( ) Her hair is longer than her mother’s. ( ) 3.My

14、bag is bigger than you. ( ) My bag is bigger than your. ( ) My bag is bigger than your bag. ( ) My bag is bigger than yours. ( ) Notes:比較對象應與主語對等,當主語為限定詞+n.時,than后的其比較對象可為: ①限定詞+n. ②名詞所有格(一般省略其后相同的名詞) ③名詞性物主代

15、詞(=形容詞性物主代詞+n.) mine yours his hers its ours theirs 4.The weather of Beijing is colder than Shanghai. ( ) The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai. ( ) Notes:當主語有后置定語修飾時,為保證比較對象一致,常用that/thoes 指代比較對象。 ◆比較范圍 5.The Changjing River is the longest __

16、__ China. The Changjing River is the longest ____all the rivers in China. Notes:在最高級中,in后跟比較范圍,of后跟進行比較的同類事物。 6.China is larger than any country in Asia. ( ) China is larger than any other country in Asia( ) ◆同義句轉換問題 7.He is taller than anyone else in the class.

17、= He is taller ____ ____ _____ student in the class. = He is taller _____ _____ ______ students in the class. = He is the ____ ____ student in the class. Notes:同一范圍內比較 比較級+than any other +sig.+in =比較級+than anyone else +in… =比較級+than the other +pl.+in… (只有同一范圍比較才能出現(xiàn)other/else) 非同一范圍內比較

18、 比較級+than any+sig.+in… 8. This coat is more expensiver than that one. = That coat is ________ than this one. = That coat isn’t _____ big _____ this one. Notes: A+v.+比較級+than+B (A比B更…) = B+v.+比較級反義詞+than+A (B 比A更…) = B+v.+not as(so)… as… (B與A不一樣…) ◆“l(fā)ess+多音節(jié)詞原級+than…”

19、 “不如…” — 降級比較 = That coat is less expensive than this one. Self Check 1.I feel tired, so I want to go to bed ____ tonight. A.early B.earlier C.late D.later 2.The food of our country is ___ than that of western countries. A.rather good than

20、 B.much better than C.more better than D.so goos as 3.The ice in the lake is as ____ as it was before. A.thin B.thinner C.thinnest Dthe thinnest 4.Who is _____ running star in your school? A.famous B.more famous C.the most famous D.less famous 5.—Which season

21、 do you like _____? —Summer. A.good B.well C.the better D.best 6.Lucy’s pen is ___ nicer than yours. A.too B.more C.quite D.a little 7.—Is your brother as outgoing as you? —No, he’s a quiet boy. He is ________. A.less outgoing than me B.not so calm a

22、s I C.more outgoing than me D.as outgoing as I 8.—How are you today? —Much ____. A.good B.well C.better D.the best 9.Tom’s card is newer than ____. A.our B.her C.my D.his 10.___ is more beautiful than roses. A. No other flower B. No another flo

23、wer C. Not other flower D. Not all flowers 11.Mary studies harder ______ in her class. A. as any one B. than any other girl C. than the other D. than anyone 1.He is 3 times as _____(old) as me. 2.I’m too tired to go any _________.(far) 3.Who is _____, Lily or Lucy? 4.Tom is the

24、_______(heavy) of the three. 5.Tom is the _______ of the two boys. 6.Russia is _______(large) than any other country in the world. 7.His computer is the _______________(expensive) of all. 8.You are pretty ___________(beautiful). 9.The book is ____________(useful) than that one. 10.Who’s the __

25、_______(healthy) , you, he or she? 11.How ______(small) the shirt is! I want a ________ (big) one. 12.You have _______(short) and ______(curly) hair than Susan. 13.Is this street a lot ______(noisy) than that one? 14.I feel much _____________(excited) now. 15.Soccer is becoming _____ and ______

26、 _________(popalar) in China. 16.My sister doesn’t write as _____(good) as I do. 17.The ______(much) you practice, the ______ (good) your English will be. 18.No other animal is _______(scary) than a snake. 19.Math is less ________(difficult) than English. 20.What a _______(funny) boy! 21.You’

27、re _______(bad) at sports than me. 22.It’s the third _______ (long) river in China. 1.I have a big bag. He has a small bag. (合并) My bag is _____ than ______. 2.You are funny. He’s funny, too. (合并) You are ______ funny _____ him. 3.Tom is thinner than Sam. (同義句) =Sam is ______ than To

28、m. =Sam isn’t as ______ as Tom. 4.He and I are the same. We are quite boys. (合并) He is _____ quite _____ I. 5.They’re tall. You’re tall. too.But I’m taller than anyone else. (合并) I’m _____ ______ of all.1. 若不給自己設限，則中就沒有限制你發(fā)揮的藩籬。2. 若不是心寬似海，哪有人生風平浪靜。在紛雜的塵世里，為自己留下一片純靜的心靈空間，不管是潮起潮落，也不管是陰晴圓缺，你都可以免去浮躁，義無反顧，勇往直前，輕松自如地走好人生路上的每一步3. 花一些時間，總會看清一些事。用一些事情，總會看清一些人。有時候覺得自己像個神經(jīng)病。既糾結了自己，又打擾了別人。努力過后，才知道許多事情，堅持堅持，就過來了。4. 歲月是無情的，假如你丟給它的是一片空白，它還給你的也是一片空白。歲月是有情的，假如你奉獻給她的是一些色彩，它奉獻給你的也是一些色彩。你必須努力，當有一天驀然回首時，你的回憶里才會多一些色彩斑斕，少一些蒼白無力。只有你自己才能把歲月描畫成一幅難以忘懷的人生畫卷。 專心---專注---專業(yè)