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1、第二講第二講非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 第一課時知識過關課李仕才復習非謂語動詞還需掌握以下幾點：1句法作用(除謂語外的其他成分)2.時態(tài)和語態(tài)(以do為例)時態(tài)與語態(tài)的判斷方法：3非謂語動詞的邏輯主語4.有特殊要求的動詞或動詞短語(1)有的動詞后只能用不定式而不能接動名詞作賓語。如ask，demand(要求)，plan，intend，mean(計劃)，manage，do/try ones best，make an attempt，learn(學習)，wish，hope，desire，expect，long，want，would like，should like，would prefer(希望、愿意)
2、，agree，promise(同意)，decide，determine，choose，make a decision，make up ones mind(決定)，offer(主動提出)，apply(申請)，help(幫助)，fail(不能、沒有)，prepare(準備)，pretend(假裝)，refuse(拒絕)，happen(碰巧)，afford(負擔得起)等。(2)有的動詞或動詞短語后只能用動名詞而不能接不定式。如allow，permit(允許)，consider(考慮)，suggest，advise(建議)，keep(on)(反復；不停)，finish(完成)，imagine(想象)，
3、practise(練習)，understand(明白)，appreciate，enjoy(喜歡)，miss(錯過；懷念)，prevent(阻止)，forbid(禁止)，escape(避免)，include(包括)，forgive，pardon，excuse(原諒)，dislike(厭惡)，discuss(討論)，report(報道)，admit(承認)，mind(介意)，risk(冒險)，cant stand(不能忍受)，burst out(突然開始)，feel like(想要)，insist on(堅持)，delay(推遲，延誤)，put off(推遲)，give up(放棄)，be bus
4、y(忙于)，be worth(值得)等。(3)下列動詞和短語動詞后接不定式和接動名詞意義不同：remember to do(記住去做)，remember doing(記得做過)；forget to do(忘記去做)，forget doing(忘記做過)；regret to do(遺憾地做)，regret doing(后悔做了)；try to do(設法做)，try doing(試做)；go on to do(接著做另一事)，go on doing(繼續(xù)做同一事)；mean to do(打算做)，mean doing(意味著)；stop to do(停下來去做)，stop doing(停止做)；
5、cant help to do(不能幫助做)，cant help doing(情不自禁做)。(4)在介詞后一般用動名詞，下面是一些含介詞的固定句式(其中有的介詞有時會被省略)：prevent/stop/keep.from doing(阻止做)；spend/waste time or money in doing(在做方面花費/浪費時間或金錢)；How/What about doing sth(做怎么樣？)；have some difficulty/trouble in doing(在做方面有些困難)；have a hard time in doing sth(做某事很艱難)；there is
6、no sense in doing(做是沒有理由/道理的)；thank/excuse/admire/praise/blame/scold/punish sb for doing sth(因做某事而感謝/原諒/羨慕/表揚/責備/責罵/懲罰某人)等。(5)to是介詞的固定詞組很多，常見的有：look forward to(盼望)，devote.to/be devoted to(致力于)，be/get used to(習慣)，lead to(導致)，get down to(開始認真)，pay attention to(注意)，refer to(談到)，point to(指向)，turn to(轉(zhuǎn)向)
7、，object to(反對)，be equal to(等于，能勝任)，belong to(屬于)等。(6)在表示“需要”的need，want，require等后用v.-ing的主動式表示被動含義，此時也可用不定式的被動式。(7)在make，let，have(使，讓)等使役動詞后作賓補的不定式要省略不定式符號to，但在被動語態(tài)后作主補時要加上to。在hear，see，watch等感官動詞后，作賓補時，用原形表示動作全過程；用現(xiàn)在分詞表示當時動作正在發(fā)生；若是被動語態(tài)，原形前要加上to。此外，表示情感的動詞，其分詞作形容詞用時，v.-ing表示“令人的”事物；v.-ed表示“感到的”。如：surp
8、rising令人吃驚的(事物)；surprised(人)感到吃驚的。讀語篇，悟語法。反復朗讀下列短文，留意領悟黑體畫線的非謂語動詞。思考：是哪類非謂語動詞，在句中作什么成分。Good afternoon，Ladies and gentlemen.It is a great honor for me to introduce1 this English speech contest.As we all know，to master2 a foreign language is very important for us.Taking part3 in English speech is a he
9、lpful way to learn English4Everyone wants to show 5 their best.When we have been preparing for it，we can improve our listening and speaking6 ability，developing7 a good habit of learning English8In the process of the competition，you should pay attention to the rules made by us9First，you should make y
10、our voice heard10 clearly by everyone，so reading aloud11 is very necessary.Second，you should try your best to express12 yourself in English fluently.Finally，you should finish your speech in five minutes.I am sure the English speech competition will be a great success and the audience will feel satis
11、fied13 with our performance.Thank you!1to introduce this English speech contest是不定式作真正的主語，it是形式主語。2to master a foreign language也是不定式作主語。3Taking part in English speech是動名詞短語作主語。4to learn English是不定式作定語，修飾way。5to show their best是不定式作賓語，在want，hope，decide等動詞后，若用動詞作賓語，只能用不定式。6listening and speaking是動名詞作定
12、語，修飾ability，表示類別。7developing a good habit of learning English是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。8learning English是動名詞短語作介詞of的賓語。9made by us是過去分詞短語作后置定語。10heard clearly by everyone是過去分詞短語作賓補。11reading aloud是動名詞短語作主語。12to express yourself in English fluently是不定式作目的狀語。13satisfied是過去分詞作形容詞，在句中作表語，意為“感到滿意的”。.單句填空(用所給動詞的適當形式填空)1
13、Mary will never forget the first time she saw him.He suddenly appeared in class one day，_(wear)sunglasses.2I noticed a man _(sit)at the front.3He spat it out，_(say) it was awful.4She wished that he was as easy _(please) as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume.5For example，the proverb，“pl
14、ucking up a crop _(help) it grow”，is based on the following story.wearingsittingsayingto pleaseto help6Simon made a big bamboo box _(keep) the little sick bird till it could fly.7His first book _(publish) next month is based on a true story.8Lydia doesnt feel like _(study) abroad.Her parents are old
15、.9Sarah pretended to be cheerful，_(say) nothing about the argument.10I had great difficulty _(find) the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.11It rained heavily in the south，_(cause) serious flooding in several provinces.12The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _(weig
16、h) less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.to keepto be publishedstudyingsayingfindingcausingweighing13I cant stand _(work) with Jane in the same office.She just refuses _(stop) talking while she works.14As a result of the serious flood，two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _(repai
17、r)15Isnt it time you got down to _(mark) the papers?16Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _(set) up some schools for poor children.17Tsinghua University，_(found) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.workingto stoprepairing/to be repairedmarkingsettingfounded18Li Jian
18、 put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _(remind) of his own dreams.19_(offer) an important role in a new movie，Andy had got a chance to become famous.20Claire had her luggage _(check) an hour before her plane left.21Alexander tried to get his work _(recognize) in the medical ci
19、rcles.22A great number of students _ (question) said they were forced to practise the piano.remindedOfferedcheckedrecognizedquestioned.單句改錯(下列每句中最多有兩處錯誤，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改，請指出并改正。)動詞不定式1He managed escape from the fire._2Nothing will make me to change my mind._3Mary doesnt have to be made learn bec
20、ause she always works hard._4He hurried to the train station，only find the train had gone._5Tired from work，he wants to do nothing but to watch TV._6At present，I have no choice but wait._在manage后加to去掉to在be made后加to在find前加to去掉watch前的to在but后加to7You feel stressed out.Why not having a chat with our teac
21、hers？_8I dont think it possible to mastering a foreign language without much memory work._9Ive worked with children before，so I know what expect in my new job._10All of you can have another try if you want._havinghavemasteringmaster在expect前加to在want后加to11In our city，there are a lot of restaurants tha
22、t serving western food. _12You cant imagine how excited it is to listen to top scientists share their prediction on what the world will be like in a century._13Sit beside me，my beloved daughter gave me a vivid description of what she experienced in her dream._14We were kept to waiting for quite a lo
23、ng time before the host turned up. _15On the Dragon Boat Festival，we saw the seashore crowded with people watched the dragon boat race._動詞ing形式去掉that/servingserveexcitedexcitingSitSitting去掉waiting前的towatchedwatching16It is no good copy the answer without trying to understand it._17Missing the train
24、mean waiting for another hour._18The majority of the people questioned in an online survey are opposed to increase retirement age._19As a senior 3 student preparing for the coming test，he spends most of his time improve this problem-solving ability._20It is reported that the hurricane caused great d
25、amage to the constructions of the town，with tens of hundreds of houses destroyed by the fallen trees._copycopyingmeanmeansincreaseincreasingimproveimprovingfallenfalling21Now when people refer to England you find Wales including as well. _22Exhausting，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep._23The pain
26、tings being stolen from the museum havent been found._24The murderer was brought in, with his hands tying behind._25Mr.Smith，tired of the bored speech，started to read a novel._26Seeing from the space，the earth looks blue._動詞ed形式includingincludedExhaustingExhausted去掉stolen前的beingtyingtiedboredboringS
27、eeingSeen27The architects inviting by the king thought highly of the bridge built，and gave more suggestions before it was finished._28Keep in refrigerator，these vegetables will remain fresh._29Do you think the workers can get the job finishing on time？_30We hear it say frequently that what now peopl
28、e most desire is security._invitinginvited；在built前加beingKeepKeptfinishingfinishedsaysaid.語篇填空(用所給動詞的正確形式填空)1_(fall) in love with a beautiful lady，a lion went to her parents and asked them 2._(marry) her to him.The old parents did not know what to say.Not 3._(hope) to give their daughter to the lion，
29、they did not want 4._(anger) the king of beasts.At last the father said，“We are glad 5._(marry) our daughter to you，but we fear that you might possibly hurt her.So 6._(remove) your claws and teeth，you can marry her.”7_(love) the lady very much，the lion trimmed(修剪) his claws and took out his big teet
30、h.8._(come) to the parents again，he was simply laughed in his face.9._(beat) out of the house，the lion felt 10._(depress) and died soon.【語篇導讀】這是一則有深刻意義的寓言故事。寓意：有些人輕易相信別人的話，拋棄自己的長處，結(jié)果輕而易舉地被原來害怕自己的人擊敗了。1Fallinga lion與fall是主動關系，用v.ing形式作狀語，表示原因。2to marryask sb to do sth，不定式作賓補。3hopingthey與hope是主動關系，用v.
31、ing形式作狀語，表示讓步，相當于Although they didnt hope to.4to angerwant后只能用不定式作賓語，意為“不想激怒百獸之王”。5to marry在作表語的形容詞glad后作狀語，表示原因，只能用不定式。6removingyou與remove是主動關系，用v.ing形式作狀語，表示條件，相當于if you remove.。7Lovingthe lion與love是主動關系，用v.ing形式作狀語，表示原因。8Cominghe與come是主動關系，用v.ing形式作伴隨狀語。9Beatenthe lion與beat是被動關系，用v.ed形式作狀語，表示原因。1
32、0depressed表示獅子“感到沮喪的”，用v.ed形式作表語。第二課時高考研究課非謂語動詞在語法填空中的考查點規(guī)律方法 “4 4步法步法”輕松搞定語法填空輕松搞定語法填空 第一步：利用“有無連詞”原則確定是謂語還是非謂語分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷出句子的主干主語和謂語。如果題線處作謂語，則要用謂語動詞；如果題線處不作謂語，則要用非謂語動詞。第二步：根據(jù)句意和作用確定句子成分根據(jù)句意和題線處在句子中的位置和作用，確定其所充當?shù)木渥映煞?，從而確定空格內(nèi)所需填入的非謂語動詞的形式。第三步：根據(jù)與邏輯主語的關系確定語態(tài)如果非謂語動詞表示的動作與其邏輯主語之間為主謂關系，則用v.-ing形式或不定式的主動式
33、；若為動賓關系，則用v.-ing形式的被動式、不定式的被動式或過去分詞。 第四步：根據(jù)與謂語動詞的先后關系確定時態(tài)非謂語動詞表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前用過去分詞或不定式的完成式；如果非謂語動詞表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之后用不定式或v.-ing形式的一般式。1This included digging up the road，_(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.(2017全國卷)2Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.They a
34、re required _(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.(2017全國卷)layinglaying和句中的digging up, building并列，作include的賓語。真題驗證1to processrequire sb to do sth要求某人做某事。3Fast food is full of fat and salt; by _(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and
35、 fat than they need in their diet.(2017全國卷)4But unlike her school friends，16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term _(rest)Instead, she is earning 6，500 a day as a model in New York.(2017全國卷)eatingby在此處表示“通過”，是介詞，后接動詞ing形式作賓語。restingspend time (in) doing花費時間做某事，為固定句型。5But Sarah, who has taken part
36、 in shows along with top models, wants _(prove)that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017全國卷)6Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring _(cook)a meal.(2017浙江卷)to prove根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應該使用不定式作動詞want的賓語。to cook根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句已有謂語動詞remove，故此處用不定式作目的狀語。7My ambassadorial duties will include _(
37、introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.(2016全國卷)8If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely _(bring) your work home.(2016全國卷)introducing動名詞introducing作include的賓語。to bringb
38、e likely to do.有可能做，為固定句型。9In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without _(use) electric equipment.(2015全國卷)10When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _(cool) the house during
39、the hot day.(2015全國卷)using介詞后常常用動名詞形式作賓語。to coolbeadj.enough to do足夠可以做，為固定句型。11Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people _(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.(2015全國卷)12Yangshuo is really beautiful.A study of travelers _(conduct) by th
40、e website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.(2015全國卷)livinglive和people之間為主動關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。conductedconduct與其所修飾的名稱study構(gòu)成被動關系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。非謂語動詞在短文改錯中的考查點1正確分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。如果句中已有謂語動詞，那么另外一個動詞在無連詞的情況下要改為非謂語動詞。2根據(jù)非謂語動詞在句中所作成分、句式的特殊要求，判斷非謂語動詞的形式。3確定非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語之間是主謂關系還是動賓關系。4牢記
41、一些常用搭配。5介詞后常常使用動名詞作賓語。規(guī)律方法1I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.(2016全國卷)_2After looks at the toy for some time，he turned around and found his parents were missing.(2015全國卷)_3Weve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars.(2015四川卷)_真題驗證2wearwearing介詞后應使用動名詞作賓語。lookslooking介
42、詞后應使用動名詞作賓語。singsingingspend time (in) doing.為固定句型。4I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.(2015浙江卷)_5One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue.(陜西卷)_6Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, which might not be served until 8 o
43、clock at night.(全國卷)_sitsittingenjoy后常常接動名詞作賓語。havehaving句中謂語動詞為sat，且句中無連詞，故have應該改為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。HaveHaving謂語動詞為provides，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，其前應該為主語，故用動名詞having作主語。第三課時寫作增分課非謂語動詞在寫作中的增分點一、用不定式或動名詞作主語寫句子1如果你想上一個好的大學，學好英語是一件必須做的事情。(be admitted to a key college, learn English well, a must)_(也可用To learn。用Learning時句
44、子表達的是一般常識；用To learn, you指的是具體的一個人)Learning English well is a must if you want to be admitted to a key college.2經(jīng)常鍛煉身體不僅對我們的健康有好處，還可以使我們學習更高效。(take exercise regularly, do a lot of good to, learn more effectively)3現(xiàn)在輟學不是個好主意，你以后會后悔的。(drop out of school, regret)_Taking exercise regularly will do a lot
45、of good to our health, which can also help us learnmore effectively._To drop out of school now is not a good idea, for which you will regret in the future.二、用非謂語動詞作表語寫句子1我的愛好是聽音樂和踢足球。(hobby)2我的職責是照看所有這些花。(duty, take care of)_3我的夢想是上重點大學。(dream, go to a key college)_My hobbies are listening to music
46、and playing football.My duty is taking care of all these flowers.My dream is to go to a key college.三、用不定式作賓語、動名詞作賓語寫句子1我下決心盡我最大努力來趕上別人。(determine, do ones best, catch up with others)2由于下雨，我沒能按時到達那里。(because of, fail)_3我向我們的老師求助，他建議我每天練習說英語。(turn to somebody for help, suggest, practice, speak Englis
47、h)_I determined to try my best to catch up with others.Because of the rain, I failed to get there on time.I turned to our teacher for help, and he suggested practicing speaking English every day.4為什么不試著坐火車去旅行呢？坐火車既舒適又安全。(why not, try doing, comfortable and safe) _5我想集中注意力學習，但我整天總是情不自禁地想起這個事。(concent
48、rate on, cant help, keep on thinking about it) _6除去向你求助，我別無選擇。(have no choice, but, turn to) _Why not try travelling on a train? Its comfortable and safe.I try to concentrate on my studies, but I cant help keeping on thinking about it all day.I have no choice but to turn to you for help./I have noth
49、ing to do but turn to you for help.7我盼望快點收到你的來信。(look forward to, hear from) _8當談到學英語，每個人都有自己的方法。(when it comes to, method) _I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.When it comes to learning English, everyone has his own method.四、用非謂語動詞作定語寫句子1解決這個問題的最好辦法是依靠你自己。(the best way, solve the problem,
50、 depend on) _2有許多人認為學生在學校不應帶手機。(there be, take.with them at school) _3仍有許多問題有待解決。(there be, remain to be done) _The best way to solve the problem is to depend on yourself.There are many people thinking that students shouldnt take cell phones with them at school.There are many problems remaining to b
51、e solved.4我寫信申請昨天中國日報上所登廣告的那個職位。(apply for the position, advertise) _5三分之二被采訪的學生說他們贊成這個主意。(two thirds, interview, in favor of) _I am writing to apply for the position advertised in yesterdays China Daily.Two thirds of the students interviewed say they are in favor of the idea.五、使用非謂語動詞作狀語，輕松寫高級句式1因此
52、，他這次考試考得非常好，在班級排第一名。(as a result, rank first) _2我相信，你要趕上別人，不會有什么困難。(have trouble, catch up with) _3每節(jié)課你都應當認真聽講，盡力不要錯過任何要點。(listen with full attention, try to, miss any point) _As a result, he did very well in the exam, ranking first in his class.I am sure you will have no trouble catching up with ot
53、hers.In every lesson, you should listen with full attention, trying not to miss any point.4我每天夜里睡得都很晚，在為即將到來的考試做準備。(stay up late, make preparations for, the coming exams) _5再給我一次機會，我會做得更好。(give me another chance) _6面對這樣一個問題，我不知道該怎么辦。(facing/faced with, at a loss) _I stayed up late every night, makin
54、g preparations for the coming exams.Given another chance, I can do better./Give me another chance, and I can do better.Faced with/Facing such a problem, I am at a loss what to do.六、使用非謂語動詞作賓語補足語寫句子1在你離開的時候，不要讓(自來)水流著。(leave the water running) _2我將派人去機場接你。(have someone do something, pick up) _3我們要求采取
55、更多的措施來阻止這樣的事情再次發(fā)生。(ask more to, prevent.from) _Dont leave the water running when you leave.I will have someone pick you up at the airport.We ask more to be done to prevent such things from happening again.七、用非謂語動詞的完成式、進行式、被動式和否定式寫句子1由于沒有經(jīng)常給你寫信，我應向你道歉。(owe you an apology) _2不知道該怎么辦，我向我們的老師求助。(turn to
56、 sb for help) _3我后悔沒有聽我們老師的建議。(regret, follow ones advice) _I owe you an apology for not writing more often.Not knowing what to do, I turned to our teacher for help.I regret not following/having followed my teachers advice.4我考試不及格使我的父母非常生氣。(failing the exam) _5我碰巧也去過那里。(happen to, have been there) _
57、My failing the exam made my parents very angry.I happened to have been there before.八、運用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，輕松寫高級句式1上周六沒有課，我們?nèi)⒂^了長城。(there be, pay a visit to) _2我們的校園非常美麗，花兒香，鳥兒唱。(schoolyard, smell sweet, sing happily) _3天氣很糟，我們不得不放棄爬上山頂?shù)挠媱潯?weather, give up, the top of the mount) _There being no classes last Sa
58、turday, we paid a visit to the Great Wall.Our schoolyard is very beautiful, flowers smelling sweet and birds singing happily.The weather being bad, we had to give up the plan to climb up the top of the mount.4每天有如此多的作業(yè)要做，我感到身心疲憊。(with, assignment，exhausted, physically and mentally) _With so many ass
59、ignments to complete every day, I feel exhausted physically and mentally.九、用動名詞復合結(jié)構(gòu)和動詞不定式復合結(jié)構(gòu)寫句子1我想學法律專業(yè)，但我的父母卻堅持讓我學醫(yī)。(major in, insist on, medicine) _2我還清楚地記得你帶著我們參觀你們城市的情形，我真的很感激。(remember, show around, appreciate) _3他沒通過考試使他這幾天很不高興。(failing to pass the exam, make sb upset) _I would like to major
60、in law, but my parents insist on me/my learning medicine.I still remember clearly your/you showing us around your city and I really appreciate it.His failing to pass the exam made him upset these days.4我們多讀點英文故事書的這個建議是解決我們問題的最好辦法。(suggestion of, perfect solution to) _5如果能為我約定個時間，我將不勝感激。(appreciate d
61、oing, make an appointment for) _6你給我如此多實用的建議真是太好了。(its kind, so many practical suggestions) _The suggestion of us/our reading more English story books is a perfect solution to our problems.I would appreciate you/your making an appointment for me.Its very kind of you to give me so many practical suggestions.
高考英語 重難增分篇 第二講 非謂語動詞課件 新人教版
